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nuls币怎么样 nuls币是什么币

发布时间:2023-12-05-05:35:44 来源:网络 公链介绍 教程   NULS

如何购买NULS币、如何购买NULS教程 答案:

1、通过交易平台购买纳世

交易平台

BSC交易SwapETH交易SwapPolygon交易SwapAvax交易SwapSol交易SwapOKC交易Swap货币兑换PancakeSwap

在银河系最受欢迎的去中心化平台上交易、赚取和赢得加密货币。

Biswap

Biswap是市场上第一个拥有三类推荐系统和最低平台交易费用(0.1%)的去中心化交换平台。我们是一个在Binance智能链网络上交换BEP-20代币的去中心化交换平台。这个网络保证了卓越的速度和更低的网络交易成本

KyberSwap BSC

KyberSwap BSC 去中心化交易平台

DappRadar-BSC

BSC去中心化交易聚合平台

DODO Swap

面向Web3的 去中心化交易协议

Kine Protocol

KINE提供了一个[点对点]的衍生品市场,由链上数字资产支持的流动性池作为交易所内所有交易者的被动对手方。

Matcha-Dex聚合交易 在 Ethereum、Binance、Polygon、Avalanche、Celo、Fantom 等平台上进行交易!

Matcha 为您在交易所找到最优惠的价格,并将它们组合成一笔交易。

MDEX swap

MDEX.COM 支持BSC、HECO及ETH的去中心化跨鏈交易協議,多次位列CoinMarketCap、CoinGecko的DEX排行榜第一。

MsgSender

MsgSender是采用Trustwallet内核的去中心化多链钱包.

Uniswap (V2)

Uniswap是一个在以太坊上自动交换代币的协议。它于2018年11月2日推出。Uniswap将自己描述为一个简单的智能合约接口,用于交换ERC20代币。它有一个正式的模型来汇集流动性储备。它作为交易者和流动性提供者的开源前端接口,致力于提供免费和去中心化的资产交换。

Uniswap(V3)

在领先的去中心化加密货币交易协议上进行交换、赚取和建立。

Tornado

Tornado Cash 通过打破源地址和目标地址之间的链上链接来提高交易隐私。它使用一个智能合约,接受可以通过不同地址提取的 ETH 存款。为了保护隐私,可以使用中继器提取到没有 ETH 余额的地址。每当新地址提取 ETH 时,都无法将提取与存款联系起来,从而确保完全隐私。

1inch Exchange

1inch是一个DeFi聚合器和一个具有智能路由的去中心化交易所。

Curve Finance

曲线的目的是利用先进的粘合曲线创造深层的链上流动性。

Sushiswap

SushiSwap是一个Uniswap分叉,它的理念是将权力从VC手中剥离,并将其归还给社区。

Balancer

自动化的投资组合管理器和去中心化交易平台

Bancor

Bancor去中心化的交易协议

KyberSwap ETH

KyberSwap ETH 去中心化交易

Loopring swap

Loopring swap 去中心化交易

DYDX期货交易所

dYdX是一家领先的非托管去中心化交易所的开发商,其使命是建立开放、安全和强大的金融产品。dYdX在以太坊上的审计智能合约上运行,在交易时不需要信任中央交易所。该交易所结合了去中心化交易所的安全性和透明度,以及中心化交易所的速度和实用性。

DODO Swap

面向Web3的 去中心化交易协议

DappRadar-ETH

ETH去中心化交易聚合平台

Kine Protocol

KINE提供了一个[点对点]的衍生品市场,由链上数字资产支持的流动性池作为交易所内所有交易者的被动对手方。

Matcha-Dex聚合交易 在 Ethereum、Binance、Polygon、Avalanche、Celo、Fantom 等平台上进行交易!

Matcha 为您在交易所找到最优惠的价格,并将它们组合成一笔交易。

MDEX swap

MDEX.COM 支持BSC、HECO及ETH的去中心化跨鏈交易協議,多次位列CoinMarketCap、CoinGecko的DEX排行榜第一。

Tokenlon

Tokenlon是基于0x协议的去中心化交易服务平台

QuickSwap

QuickSwap 是一个去中心化交易所 (DEX),如果你想交易 MATIC,你绝对应该使用它。 它是Polygon网络的典型交易所,具有更低的gas成本和更容易交易的优势。

Sushiswap

SushiSwap是一个Uniswap分叉,它的理念是将权力从VC手中剥离,并将其归还给社区。

KyberSwap Polygon

KyberSwap Polygon 去中心化交易平台

DappRadar-Polygon

Polygon去中心化交易聚合平台

ParaSwap-Polygon交易市场

Polygon链上交易市场

DODO Swap

面向Web3的 去中心化交易协议

Matcha-Dex聚合交易 在 Ethereum、Binance、Polygon、Avalanche、Celo、Fantom 等平台上进行交易!

Matcha 为您在交易所找到最优惠的价格,并将它们组合成一笔交易。

TraderJoe

Trader Joe是你在Avalanche网络上的一站式去中心化交易平台。

Sushiswap

SushiSwap是一个Uniswap分叉,它的理念是将权力从VC手中剥离,并将其归还给社区。

Hurricane swap

Avalanche 上的第一个跨链流动性 DEX

KyberSwap AVAX

KyberSwap AVAX 去中心化交易

Lydia Swap-AVAX

LydiaSwap-AVAXLydiaSwap-AVAX

Pangolin-AVAX

一个社区驱动的去中心化交易所,用于 Avalanche 和以太坊资产 快速结算 , 低交易费用 ,和 提供支持的民主分配 由 Avalanche 。 穿山甲带给你 寻找和最大化收益的最佳交易机会。

Raydium

Raydium AcceleRaytor是自动化做市商Raydium旗下的IDO平台。平台目前已经成功IDO项目7个,包括近期热门的链游StarAtlas也选择了在Raydium上进行IDO。

Serum Portal

在世界上最快、最强大的去中心化交易所进行交易。

DODO Swap

面向Web3的 去中心化交易协议

DappRadar-Sol

Sol去中心化交易聚合平台

Saber

Sabre 是一个面向全球范围的开放式交易和流动性平台,Sabre是在 Solana 上交易资产的自动化做市商。

Orca

Orca是在Solana区块链上兑换加密货币的最简单的地方。在Orca上,你可以比以太坊上的任何DEX更便宜、更快速、更自信地交换代币(感谢我们的公平价格指标)。此外,你可以向交易池提供流动性,以赚取交易费。

Slope

Slope Finance是一个由社区驱动的全栈平台,由建立在Solana之上的DEX、钱包和NFT部门组成,为用户提供极快的速度、几乎为零的交易费用和直观的界面。我们的目标是打造一个

Jswap

去中心化交易协议

Cherry Swap

樱桃交换

Kswap

OKExChain生态去中心化交易所

Pexpay | 币安投资

币安投资全球最安全的C2C交易平台


数字钱包

BSC钱包ETH钱包Polygon钱包Avax钱包Sol钱包OKC钱包钱包工具MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

imToken

imToken 是一款区块链支持多链的数字资产钱包。如以太坊、比特币、Cosmos 等,它能帮助非常简单、安全地管理在区块链上的账户和资产。此外,它还内置 Dapp 浏览器。

Trust wallet

Trust Wallet 是被全球最大加密资产交易所 Binance 收购的,去中心化移动钱包应用程序。Trust Wallet 钱包支持购买、存储数字货币,查看价格、交易等。 此外,它还是一个去中心化应用程序(dApp)浏览器,其内置的 dApp 浏览器可与 dApp 建立通信,因此用户可以直接在智能手机或平板电脑上交易加密货币和收藏品。

TokenPocket

TokenPocket是多链数字钱包。

Mathwallet

麦子钱包是一个多平台(移动/桌面/硬件)通用加密钱包。麦子钱包支持存储 50 多个区块链和 3000 多个代币。

Binance Wallet

Binance Wallet是Binance Chain、Binance Smart Chain和Ethereum的加密货币钱包。它是存储、交换和赚取加密货币的一站式网关。它支持Firefox、Chrome和Brave浏览器。

HyperPay

HyperPay是一款四位一体数字资产钱包,创新性融合托管钱包、自管钱包、共管钱包、硬件钱包于一体。

MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

imToken

imToken 是一款区块链支持多链的数字资产钱包。如以太坊、比特币、Cosmos 等,它能帮助非常简单、安全地管理在区块链上的账户和资产。此外,它还内置 Dapp 浏览器。

TokenPocket

TokenPocket是多链数字钱包。

Mathwallet

麦子钱包是一个多平台(移动/桌面/硬件)通用加密钱包。麦子钱包支持存储 50 多个区块链和 3000 多个代币。

Binance Wallet

Binance Wallet是Binance Chain、Binance Smart Chain和Ethereum的加密货币钱包。它是存储、交换和赚取加密货币的一站式网关。它支持Firefox、Chrome和Brave浏览器。

HyperPay

HyperPay是一款四位一体数字资产钱包,创新性融合托管钱包、自管钱包、共管钱包、硬件钱包于一体。

Myetherwallet

MEW (MyEtherWallet) 是一个免费的客户端界面,可帮助您与以太坊区块链进行交互。我们易于使用的开源平台允许您生成钱包、与智能合约交互等等。

Portis

人们期望通过简单而熟悉的方式来加载和使用应用程序。设置钱包、签署交易和支付 gas 费用对主流用户来说可能是令人生畏的。您的 Dapp(去中心化应用程序)使用标准的 web3.js 方法与 Portis SDK 通信,这意味着它将自动与您现有的代码一起工作。 用户无需提前安装任何东西即可使用您的 DApp。使用 Portis,您的 DApp 已经与解决方案捆绑在一起,为他们提供了一种感觉熟悉的简单的浏览器内电子邮件/密码登录方法。

Rainbow

Rainbow 是一种创建以太坊钱包、收集 NFT 和探索 Web3 新世界的有趣、简单且安全的方式。

Argent

Argent 是基于以太坊的移动钱包,可帮助用户轻松管理加密资产和身份,没有助记词、gas 费用或长地址,具备简单、安全和完全分布式等特点。

Ethereum 以太坊钱包

以太坊是社区运营的技术,为加密货币以太坊(ETH)和成千上万的去中心化应用程序提供动力。

Coinbase

Coinbase 钱包支持超过 4,000 种代币和整个世界的去中心化应用程序

MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

imToken

imToken 是一款区块链支持多链的数字资产钱包。如以太坊、比特币、Cosmos 等,它能帮助非常简单、安全地管理在区块链上的账户和资产。此外,它还内置 Dapp 浏览器。

TokenPocket

TokenPocket是多链数字钱包。

Mathwallet

麦子钱包是一个多平台(移动/桌面/硬件)通用加密钱包。麦子钱包支持存储 50 多个区块链和 3000 多个代币。

Portis

人们期望通过简单而熟悉的方式来加载和使用应用程序。设置钱包、签署交易和支付 gas 费用对主流用户来说可能是令人生畏的。您的 Dapp(去中心化应用程序)使用标准的 web3.js 方法与 Portis SDK 通信,这意味着它将自动与您现有的代码一起工作。 用户无需提前安装任何东西即可使用您的 DApp。使用 Portis,您的 DApp 已经与解决方案捆绑在一起,为他们提供了一种感觉熟悉的简单的浏览器内电子邮件/密码登录方法。

Wallet-AVAX钱包

Avalanche 钱包是一个简单、安全、非托管的钱包,用于存储 Avalanche 资产。

MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

imToken

imToken 是一款区块链支持多链的数字资产钱包。如以太坊、比特币、Cosmos 等,它能帮助非常简单、安全地管理在区块链上的账户和资产。此外,它还内置 Dapp 浏览器。

TokenPocket

TokenPocket是多链数字钱包。

Mathwallet

麦子钱包是一个多平台(移动/桌面/硬件)通用加密钱包。麦子钱包支持存储 50 多个区块链和 3000 多个代币。

MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

imToken

imToken 是一款区块链支持多链的数字资产钱包。如以太坊、比特币、Cosmos 等,它能帮助非常简单、安全地管理在区块链上的账户和资产。此外,它还内置 Dapp 浏览器。

TokenPocket

TokenPocket是多链数字钱包。

Mathwallet

麦子钱包是一个多平台(移动/桌面/硬件)通用加密钱包。麦子钱包支持存储 50 多个区块链和 3000 多个代币。

Slope

Slope Finance是一个由社区驱动的全栈平台,由建立在Solana之上的DEX、钱包和NFT部门组成,为用户提供极快的速度、几乎为零的交易费用和直观的界面。我们的目标是打造一个

Phantom

Phantom 是用于访问部署在 Solana 区块链上的分布式应用程序的扩展。 该扩展程序将一个对象注入到每个网站的 javascript 上下文中,以便分散的应用程序可以与您的钱包进行交互,您也可以与应用程序进行交互。 Phantom 还允许用户创建和管理自己的身份(通过私钥、助记符和 Ledger 等硬件钱包),因此当去中心化应用程序想要执行交易并写入区块链时,用户可以获得一个安全界面来查看交易, 在批准或拒绝之前。 因为它为普通浏览器上下文添加了功能,所以 Phantom 需要读取和写入任何网页的权限。安全非常重视,Phantom 代码已经过顶级审计公司的审计。

MetaX

数字货币钱包,DApp 入口,NFT 世界 —— 您想要的应有尽有

MetaMask

MetaMask是一款最流行的支持多链的浏览器插件钱包。它允许用户与以太坊生态系统进行交互,该生态系统承载着大量分散的应用程序 (Dapps),而无需在他们的设备上下载整个区块链。因此,它是最好的以太坊钱包解决方案之一,可轻松访问去中心化交易所 (DEX)、游戏平台和许多其他应用程序。目前已开发手机移动端产品。

Walletconnect

WalletConnect 是一种开放协议,用于在 Dapp 和钱包之间安全地通信。该协议使用中继服务器在两个应用程序和/或设备之间建立远程配对以中继有效负载。这些有效载荷通过两个对等方之间的共享密钥对称加密。配对由显示二维码或带有标准 WalletConnect URI 的深层链接的一个对等方发起,并在对方批准此配对请求时建立。

科学家抢币

利用科学工具快速抢币

智能全链导入钱包

右上方点选Connect Wallet 之后,便可以直接将该网络汇入至你的metamask 钱包,一键添加全网智能链到小狐狸钱包,多功能添加工具。链表 帮助用户连接到 EVM 供电的网络 Chainlist 是 EVM 网络的列表。用户可以使用这些信息将他们的钱包和 Web3 中间件提供商连接到适当的链 ID 和网络 ID 以连接到正确的链。

GEMIT

钱包检查的化工具,可帮助交易者做出有关他们所做投资的日常决策。 只需几个简单的步骤,您就可以快速获取有关您当前盈亏的信息,以及币安智能链上钱包中每个仓位的反射收益。

钱包多对多转账

钱包多对多转账

代币批量归集

代币批量归集工具

代币授权

用于代币授权

Token 合约授权查询

Token 合约授权查询

批量生产钱包

批量生产钱包

批量查询余额

用于批量查询钱包余额

批量发送代币

用于批量发送代币

交易加速/取消 工具

用于钱包Mtramask、WalletConnect 交易加速或取消。

Google Authenticator

开启Google的登陆二步验证,用于加密账户登录安全


2、通过教程购买NULS

纳世链(NULS)是一个面向定制化服务的区块链基础设施,一个全球化的开源社区项目。NULS采用微服务思想,实现高度模块化的底层架构,运用模块仓库、智能合约和跨链等技术,同时结合链工厂快速搭链的能力,降低区块链开发成本,推动区块链商业应用落地。NULS提出模块化思维与多链并行的微服务架构,秉承以“链”为核心的发展理念,打造核心产品“链工厂”。基于NULS,用户可以灵活选择网络模块、共识模块、存储模块、账本模块、智能合约等核心功能模块创建NULS链网中新的区块链,也可以通过很少的编程工作通过智能合约来定义自己的业务逻辑。

 
一.项目介绍


纳世链(NULS)是一个提供可定制化服务的区块链基础设施,是全球性区块链开源社区项目。纳世链(NULS)采用微服务思想,实现高度模块化的底层架构,运用智能合约和跨链等技术,同时结合链工厂快速搭链的能力,降低区块链开发成本,推动区块链商业应用落地。

应用场景

提供灵活易用的区块链基础设施:
NULS 为开发者和用户提供了丰富多样的模块。开发者和用户无需研究密码学、共识机制、存储方式等底层技术细节,直接根据其业务从链工厂的模块仓库挑选所需模块并进行参数配置,即可快速搭建出一条区块链,从而降低区块链商用成本。

支持海量的区块链应用场景:
在应用层面,可以预期基于区块链的应用将逐渐进入机构甚至个人的工作和生活,NULS 通过模块化提供了快速搭链的能力,通过跨链技术提供了不同区块链之间的数据和资产的流通能力,通过智能合约提供了图灵完备的可编程能力,可支持未来各种各样的应用场景。

驱动区块链商用落地:
商业应用对性能的要求极高,NULS 致力于解决现有区块链的性能受限问题,采用平行扩展技术,通过链工厂搭建多条独立的链,将业务分发到各链,链与链之间使用跨链技术进行通信,以满足千万级 TPS 需求。

技术概况

微服务架构:
NULS 率先布局微服务架构,在区块链底层基础设施设计中引入微服务思想把软件拆分为多个可独立部署的服务,NULS 将这种软件工程中先进的设计思想引入到模块设计中,目的是让每个模块可以像独立的程序一般灵活,同时单个模块的开发可以支持多种编程语言。

这种架构下模块之间的耦合度更小,多语言开发让代码的贡献以及用户使用的便利性都得到极大地提升,同时每个模块也更易于扩展,且模块支持分布式部署,这让模块的热插拔也变得更容易,我们把这整个架构设计称之为 NULS 2.0。同时链工厂和跨链也会在这个架构上进行设计。

NULS 的微服务架构设计方案分为三层:
第一层为微服务基础架构层;
第二层为区块链基础服务层;
第三层为 DApp 应用层。

此构架使得开发者可以在第二层上开发更高级的应用系统(比如交易所的分布式系统,数据服务系统都可以构建在第二层之上)。构建在 NULS 体系上的,不仅仅是多个链和多个 DApp,还可以是非区块链的其他大中小型互联网。

模块化:
商业应用千变万化、技术升级日新月异,NULS 社区承认技术的升级和商业应用逻辑的发展不可预测,吸纳了 Linux 内核设计的模块化思想,开发了多个功能模块,集合组成了模块仓库。NULS 设计遵循“一切皆为模块”的原则,用模块化支持技术更新和应用适配。

共识机制——POC:
NULS 的模块化设计,支持共识机制在内的所有核心功能模块的替换与插拔。NULS主网默认采用信用共识机制 POC(Proof-Of-Credit)。节点信用达标的情况下,锁定一定数量的 NULS 即可加入共识,共识节点重新排序后每轮轮流出块,退出共识时锁定的NULS解锁。

1、共识进入与退出机制
任何人都可以随时加入 NULS 的共识之中,只要满足条件,遵守规则,即可持续获得 NULS Token 奖励。POC 的加入分为硬性指标和软性指标。硬性指标指的是信用分值必须达到一定标准线,排除掉一部分曾经作恶的节点。软性指标指的是必须锁定一定数量的 NULS 作为保证金,为杜绝节点的泛滥,同时让整个系统更加公平,锁定 NULS 的数量除了有一个最低值的限制外,任何人可自由选择,锁定的 NULS 数量会和最终的奖励挂钩。

2、信用评级
在 NULS 网络中,信用是账户在系统中的诚信系数,所有账户的信用会在区间[-1,1]内,通过信用评级算法公式自动计算。

信用评估公式:
信用基数=能力系数+责任系数
能力系数:根据历史出块数量计算
责任系数:根据违规情况和出块正确性计算

3、共识奖励
为了整个 NULS 网络的平衡与公平,共识奖励根据所有共识节点所提交保证金与共识节点信用综合计算。

4、通用共识机制
NULS 是一套通用的区块链底层基础设施,在其主网上不运行任何应用业务,所有应用业务均由平行的区块链运行。通过 NULS 的链工厂产品,能快速地部署基于模块仓库的区块链,且可灵活定制各种运行参数,包括是否支持基础Token、加密算法、共识机制、存储机制等。

NULS 定义了通用共识模块,以提供接口兼容不同的共识机制。NULS 社区会陆续开发 POW、DPOS、POS、PBFT、POOL 验证池等共识机制,以供用户自由选择。

NULS 智能合约:
NULS 内置 NVM 作为智能合约模块的虚拟机,从模块结构上看,NULS 智能合约模块处于对外服务模块(如 RPC 模块)和底层设施模块(如网络模块、存储模块、账户模块等)之间,账户模块、网络模块等其他模块为智能合约提供底层支撑。

智能合约由上层应用定义,由解释器解释,由存储模块存储,由 NVM 运行。NULS 智能合约解释器将支持多种高级编程语言。应用开发者可以使用自己熟悉的语言设计 NULS 智能合约。

跨链:
基于 NULS 模块仓库实现的区块链(生态内的区块链),可以通过模块选择的方式,添加跨链模块,实现底层上和 NULS 的互通。

针对以太坊和比特币等,遵循协议跟 NULS 不同的公有链,需要通过特殊的机制实现协议的转换,将其他公有链的协议和 NULS 跨链协议做适配,达到统一协议通讯的目的。

所有区块链都只和 NULS 主网通信,交易的验证由 NULS 主网负责,各平行链信任 NULS 主网的验证结果。

各区块链上的资产,可以通过跨链的方式,流通到 NULS 生态中任意一条接受外链资产转入的链上,且仅需花费很小的代价。

NULS 的跨链技术有如下特点:
1、NULS 主网使用 POC 共识机制,结合拜占庭容错机制实现跨链交易的确认和打包,做到去中心化、性能和安全性的兼顾;
2、NULS 主网上的每个节点都会连接多个区块链的多个节点,因为协议是统一定义的 NULS 跨链协议,所以可以实现单个节点同时连接不同的区块链上的多个节点;
3、NULS 主网提供链管理机制,用来管理所有在 NULS 主网上登记的对等区块链。登记的内容包括链信息、资产信息、跨链保证金等内容;
4、当一条区块链上收到其他链的资产时,需要在本链产生对应的资产。不同区块链上的 Token,都以资产的方式在其他链上存储;
5、一条区块链中转入其他链资产的明细会在 NULS 主网中存储,该资产转出这条区块链时,会进行验证,不允许非法的资产从该区块链中产生,对有恶意的区块链,会通过社区机制进行处理,如:暂停跨链、中止跨链、没收保证金等;
6、NULS 主网将提供 API 使用手册,任一开发者都可以根据手册开发自己的钱包、浏览器、轻钱包等工具;
7、NULS 主网中提供协议供应用扩展,可以使用该协议进行 DApp 的开发和跨链协议的优化。

 
二.评述


纳世链(NULS)是一个提供可定制化服务的区块链基础设施,是全球性区块链开源社区项目。纳世链(NULS)采用微服务思想,实现高度模块化的底层架构,运用智能合约和跨链等技术,同时结合链工厂快速搭链的能力,降低区块链开发成本,推动区块链商业应用落地。

NULS是全球性区块链开源社区项目,是一个提供可定制化服务的区块链基础设施。NULS 制定了一套工业化区块链技术标准,遵循热插拔、模块化、平行扩展原则,提供可升级的共识、网络、账本、账户、区块管理、链管理、交易管理、事件总线等功能模块。基于NULS搭建区块链,如同把CPU、硬盘、内存、主板组装成电脑一样,使用者可自由选择共识、网络、账本、账户等模块,组装成为适合自己需求的链。这条链不限于公链,亦可以是联盟链或者私链。


相关链接:


https://www.nuls.io/zh/
https://www.nuls.io/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/NULS_Whitepaper_zh_2.0.pdf
https://info.binance.com/cn/currencies/nuls
http://www.qukuaiwang.com.cn/szhb/2486.html###

 


NULS快讯


How to buy NULS coins, how to buy NULS tutorial answers:

1. Purchase NASH through the trading platform

Trading platform

BSC trading SwapETH trade SwapPolygon trade SwapAvax trade SwapSol trade SwapOKC trade Swap currency exchange PancakeSwap

Trade, earn and win cryptocurrency on the galaxy's most popular decentralized platform.

Biswap

Biswap is the first decentralized exchange platform on the market with a three-category recommendation system and the lowest platform transaction fee (0.1%). We are a decentralized exchange platform for exchanging BEP-20 tokens on the Binance Smart Chain network. This network guarantees excellent speed and lower network transaction costs

KyberSwap BSC

KyberSwap BSC decentralized trading platform

DappRadar-BSC

BSC decentralized trading aggregation platform

DODO Swap

Decentralized trading protocol for Web3

Kine Protocol

KINE provides a [point-to-point] derivatives market, and the liquidity pool supported by digital assets on the chain serves as the basis for all exchanges A trader’s passive counterparty.

Matcha-Dex aggregation trading Trade on Ethereum, Binance, Polygon, Avalanche, Celo, Fantom and other platforms!

Matcha finds you the best prices on exchanges and combines them into one trade.

MDEX swap

MDEX.COM supports the decentralized cross-chain trading protocol of BSC, HECO and ETH, and has repeatedly ranked first in the DEX rankings of CoinMarketCap and CoinGecko.

MsgSender

MsgSender is a decentralized multi-chain wallet using the Trustwallet core.

Uniswap (V2)

Uniswap is a protocol for automatically exchanging tokens on Ethereum. It was launched on November 2, 2018. Uniswap describes itself as a simple smart contract interface for exchanging ERC20 tokens. It has a formal model for pooling liquidity reserves. It serves as an open source front-end interface for traders and liquidity providers, committed to providing free and decentralized asset exchange.

Uniswap(V3)

Exchange, earn and build on the leading decentralized cryptocurrency trading protocol.

Tornado

Tornado Cash improves transaction privacy by breaking the on-chain link between source and destination addresses. It uses a smart contract that accepts withdrawals that can be made through different addressesETH deposit withdrawn. To protect privacy, relayers can be used to withdraw to addresses with no ETH balance. Whenever a new address withdraws ETH, the withdrawal cannot be linked to the deposit, ensuring complete privacy.

1inch Exchange

1inch is a DeFi aggregator and a decentralized exchange with intelligent routing.

Curve Finance

The purpose of Curve Finance is to create deep on-chain liquidity using advanced bonding curves.

Sushiswap

SushiSwap is a Uniswap fork with the idea of ​​taking power away from VCs and returning it to the community.

Balancer

Automated portfolio manager and decentralized trading platform

Bancor

Bancor decentralized trading protocol

KyberSwap ETH

KyberSwap ETH decentralized trading

Loopring swap

Loopring swap decentralized exchange

DYDX Futures Exchange

dYdX is a leading developer of non-custodial decentralized exchanges whose mission is to build an open, secure and Powerful financial products. dYdX runs on audited smart contracts on Ethereum, eliminating the need to trust a central exchange when trading. The exchange combines the security and transparency of a decentralized exchange with the speed and utility of a centralized exchange.

DODO Swap

Decentralized trading protocol for Web3

DappRadar-ETH

ETH decentralized trading aggregation platform

Kine Protocol

KINE provides a [point-to-point] In the derivatives market, the liquidity pool backed by on-chain digital assets serves as the passive counterparty for all traders within the exchange.

Matcha-Dex aggregation trading Trade on Ethereum, Binance, Polygon, Avalanche, Celo, Fantom and other platforms!

Matcha finds you the best prices on exchanges and combines them into one trade.

MDEX swap

MDEX.COM supports the decentralized cross-chain trading protocol of BSC, HECO and ETH, and has repeatedly ranked first in the DEX rankings of CoinMarketCap and CoinGecko.

Tokenlon

Tokenlon is a decentralized trading service platform based on the 0x protocol

QuickSwap

QuickSwap is a decentralized exchange (DEX). If you want to trade MATIC, you should definitely use it it. It is a typical exchange of the Polygon network, with lower gas costs and easier transactionsAdvantage.

Sushiswap

SushiSwap is a Uniswap fork with the idea of ​​taking power away from VCs and returning it to the community.

KyberSwap Polygon

KyberSwap Polygon decentralized trading platform

DappRadar-Polygon

Polygon decentralized trading aggregation platform

ParaSwap-Polygon trading market

Polygon on-chain trading market

DODO Swap

Decentralized trading protocol for Web3

Matcha-Dex aggregation trading is conducted on Ethereum, Binance, Polygon, Avalanche, Celo, Fantom and other platforms!

Matcha finds you the best prices on exchanges and combines them into one trade.

TraderJoe

Trader Joe is your one-stop decentralized trading platform on the Avalanche network.

Sushiswap

SushiSwap is a Uniswap fork with the idea of ​​taking power away from VCs and returning it to the community.

Hurricane swap

The first cross-chain liquidity DEX on Avalanche

KyberSwap AVAX

KyberSwap AVAX decentralized exchange

Lydia Swap-AVAX

LydiaSwap-AVAXLydiaSwap- AVAX

Pangolin-AVAX

A community-driven decentralized exchange for Avalanche and Ethereum assets with fast settlement, low transaction fees, and democratic distribution powered by Avalanche. Pangolin brings you the best trading opportunities to find and maximize your profits.

Raydium

Raydium AcceleRaytor is the IDO platform of the automated market maker Raydium. The platform currently has 7 successful IDO projects, including the recently popular blockchain game StarAtlas, which also chose to conduct its IDO on Raydium.

Serum Portal

Trade on the world’s fastest and most powerful decentralized exchange.

DODO Swap

Decentralized trading protocol for Web3

DappRadar-Sol

Sol decentralized trading aggregation platform

Saber

Sabre is an open and global A trading and liquidity platform, Saber is an automated market maker for assets traded on Solana.

Orca

Orca is the easiest place to exchange cryptocurrencies on the Solana blockchain. On Orca, you can swap tokens cheaper, faster, and more confidently than any DEX on Ethereum (thanks to our Fair Price Metric). Additionally, you can provide liquidity to trading pools to earn trading fees.

Slope

Slope Finance is a community-driven, full-stack platform consisting of DEX, wallet and NFT sectors built on Solana, providing users with blazing speeds, near-zero transaction fees and Intuitive interface. Our goal is to build a

Jswap

decentralized trading protocol

Cherry Swap

cherry exchange

Kswap

OKExChain ecological decentralized exchange

Pexpay | Binance Investment

Binance Investment The world’s most secure C2C trading platform


Digital Wallet

BSC Wallet ETH Wallet Polygon Wallet Avax Wallet Sol Wallet OKC Wallet Wallet Tool MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads are symmetrically encrypted using a shared key between the two peers. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

imToken

imToken is a digital asset wallet whose blockchain supports multiple chains. Such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, Cosmos, etc., it can help manage accounts and assets on the blockchain very simply and securely. Additionally, it has a built-in Dapp browser.

Trust wallet

Trust Wallet is a decentralized mobile wallet application acquired by Binance, the world's largest crypto asset exchange. Trust Wallet supports purchasing and storing digital currencies, viewing prices, transactions, and more. Additionally, it is a decentralized application (dApp) browser with built-in dApThe p browser can communicate with dApps so users can trade cryptocurrencies and collectibles directly from their smartphone or tablet.

TokenPocket

TokenPocket is a multi-chain digital wallet.

Mathwallet

Mathwallet is a multi-platform (mobile/desktop/hardware) universal encryption wallet. Math Wallet supports storage of more than 50 blockchains and more than 3,000 tokens.

Binance Wallet

Binance Wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet for Binance Chain, Binance Smart Chain and Ethereum. It is a one-stop gateway to store, exchange and earn cryptocurrencies. It supports Firefox, Chrome and Brave browsers.

HyperPay

HyperPay is a four-in-one digital asset wallet that innovatively integrates managed wallets, self-managed wallets, co-managed wallets, and hardware wallets.

MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads are symmetrically encrypted using a shared key between the two peers. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

imToken

imToken is a digital asset wallet whose blockchain supports multiple chains. Such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, Cosmos, etc., it can help manage accounts and assets on the blockchain very simply and securely. Additionally, it has a built-in Dapp browser.

TokenPocket

TokenPocket is a multi-chain digital wallet.

Mathwallet

Mathwallet is a multi-platform (mobile/desktop/hardware) universal encryption wallet. Math Wallet supports storage of more than 50 blockchains and more than 3,000 tokens.

Binance Wallet

Binance Wallet is Binance Chain, Binance Smart Chain and EtherEUM cryptocurrency wallet. It is a one-stop gateway to store, exchange and earn cryptocurrencies. It supports Firefox, Chrome and Brave browsers.

HyperPay

HyperPay is a four-in-one digital asset wallet that innovatively integrates managed wallets, self-managed wallets, co-managed wallets, and hardware wallets.

Myetherwallet

MEW (MyEtherWallet) is a free client interface that helps you interact with the Ethereum blockchain. Our easy-to-use open source platform allows you to generate wallets, interact with smart contracts, and more.

Portis

People expect a simple and familiar way to load and use applications. Setting up a wallet, signing transactions, and paying gas fees can be intimidating for mainstream users. Your Dapp (decentralized application) communicates with the Portis SDK using standard web3.js methods, which means it will automatically work with your existing code. Users don’t need to install anything in advance to use your DApp. With Portis, your DApp is already bundled with the solution, giving them a simple in-browser email/password login method that feels familiar.

Rainbow

Rainbow is a fun, easy, and secure way to create an Ethereum wallet, collect NFTs, and explore the new world of Web3.

Argent

Argent is an Ethereum-based mobile wallet that helps users easily manage crypto assets and identities. There are no mnemonics, gas fees or long addresses. It is simple, secure and fully distributed.

Ethereum Ethereum Wallet

Ethereum is the community-run technology that powers the cryptocurrency Ethereum (ETH) and thousands of decentralized applications.

Coinbase

Coinbase wallet supports over 4,000 tokens and an entire world of decentralized applications

MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads pass through two pairs ofShared key symmetric encryption between equal parties. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

imToken

imToken is a digital asset wallet whose blockchain supports multiple chains. Such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, Cosmos, etc., it can help manage accounts and assets on the blockchain very simply and securely. Additionally, it has a built-in Dapp browser.

TokenPocket

TokenPocket is a multi-chain digital wallet.

Mathwallet

Mathwallet is a multi-platform (mobile/desktop/hardware) universal encryption wallet. Math Wallet supports storage of more than 50 blockchains and more than 3,000 tokens.

Portis

People expect a simple and familiar way to load and use applications. Setting up a wallet, signing transactions, and paying gas fees can be intimidating for mainstream users. Your Dapp (decentralized application) communicates with the Portis SDK using standard web3.js methods, which means it will automatically work with your existing code. Users don’t need to install anything in advance to use your DApp. With Portis, your DApp is already bundled with the solution, giving them a simple in-browser email/password login method that feels familiar.

Wallet-AVAX Wallet

Avalanche Wallet is a simple, secure, non-custodial wallet for storing Avalanche assets.

MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads are symmetrically encrypted using a shared key between the two peers. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

imToken

imToken is a digital asset wallet whose blockchain supports multiple chains. Such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, Cosmos, etc., it can helpHelps manage accounts and assets on the blockchain very simply and securely. Additionally, it has a built-in Dapp browser.

TokenPocket

TokenPocket is a multi-chain digital wallet.

Mathwallet

Mathwallet is a multi-platform (mobile/desktop/hardware) universal encryption wallet. Math Wallet supports storage of more than 50 blockchains and more than 3,000 tokens.

MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads are symmetrically encrypted using a shared key between the two peers. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

imToken

imToken is a digital asset wallet whose blockchain supports multiple chains. Such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, Cosmos, etc., it can help manage accounts and assets on the blockchain very simply and securely. Additionally, it has a built-in Dapp browser.

TokenPocket

TokenPocket is a multi-chain digital wallet.

Mathwallet

Mathwallet is a multi-platform (mobile/desktop/hardware) universal encryption wallet. Math Wallet supports storage of more than 50 blockchains and more than 3,000 tokens.

Slope

Slope Finance is a community-driven, full-stack platform consisting of DEX, wallet and NFT sectors built on Solana, providing users with blazing speeds, near-zero transaction fees and Intuitive interface. Our goal is to build a

Phantom

Phantom is an extension for accessing distributed applications deployed on the Solana blockchain. The extension injects an object into each website's javascript context so that decentralized applications can interact with your wallet and you can interact with the application. Phantom also allows users to create and manage their own identities (via private keys, mnemonics, and hardware wallets like Ledger), so when goingWhen a centralized application wants to execute a transaction and write it to the blockchain, users can get a secure interface to review the transaction, before approving or rejecting it. Because it adds functionality to a normal browser context, Phantom requires permission to read and write any web page. Security is taken very seriously, and Phantom code has been audited by top auditing firms.

MetaX

Digital currency wallet, DApp entrance, NFT world - everything you want

MetaMask

MetaMask is the most popular browser plug-in wallet that supports multiple chains. It allows users to interact with the Ethereum ecosystem, which hosts a large number of decentralized applications (Dapps), without downloading the entire blockchain on their devices. Therefore, it is one of the best Ethereum wallet solutions that provides easy access to decentralized exchanges (DEX), gaming platforms, and many other applications. Currently, mobile products have been developed.

Walletconnect

WalletConnect is an open protocol for secure communication between Dapps and wallets. This protocol uses a relay server to establish a remote pairing between two applications and/or devices to relay payloads. These payloads are symmetrically encrypted using a shared key between the two peers. Pairing is initiated by a peer displaying a QR code or deep link with a standard WalletConnect URI, and is established when the peer approves the pairing request.

Scientists grab coins

Use scientific tools to grab coins quickly

Intelligent whole-chain import into wallet

After clicking Connect Wallet on the upper right, you can directly import the network to your metamask wallet. One-click to add the entire network smart chain to the Little Fox Wallet, a multi-functional adding tool. Chainlist Helps users connect to EVM powered networks Chainlist is a list of EVM networks. Users can use this information to connect their wallets and Web3 middleware providers to the appropriate chain ID and network ID to connect to the correct chain.

GEMIT

Wallet Check is a tool that helps traders make day-to-day decisions about the investments they make. In just a few simple steps, you can quickly get information about your current profit and loss, as well as reflected profits for each position in your wallet on Binance Smart Chain.

Wallet many-to-many transfer

Wallet many-to-many transfer

Token batch collection

Token batch collection tool

Token authorization

Used for token authorization

Token contract authorization query

Token contract authorization query

Batch production of wallets

Batch production of wallets

Batch balance query

Used for batch query of wallet balance

Send in batches Tokens

Used to send tokens in batches

Transaction acceleration/cancellation tool

UsedAccelerate or cancel transactions in wallet Mtramask and WalletConnect.

Google Authenticator

Enable Google's two-step login verification for encrypted account login security


2. Purchase NULS through the tutorial< /p>

NULS is a blockchain infrastructure for customized services and a global open source community project. NULS adopts the idea of ​​microservices to achieve a highly modular underlying architecture, using module warehouse, smart contracts, cross-chain and other technologies, while combining the ability of chain factories to quickly build chains to reduce blockchain development costs and promote the implementation of blockchain commercial applications. . NULS proposes modular thinking and a multi-chain parallel microservice architecture, adhering to the development concept with "chain" as the core, and creates a core product "chain factory". Based on NULS, users can flexibly choose core functional modules such as network modules, consensus modules, storage modules, ledger modules, and smart contracts to create new blockchains in the NULS chain network. They can also define themselves through smart contracts with very little programming work. business logic.


1. Project Introduction


NULS is a blockchain infrastructure that provides customizable services and is a global blockchain open source community project. NULS adopts the idea of ​​microservices to achieve a highly modular underlying architecture, using technologies such as smart contracts and cross-chains, while combining the ability of chain factories to quickly build chains to reduce blockchain development costs and promote blockchain business. Application implementation.

Application scenarios

Provide flexible and easy-to-use blockchain infrastructure:
NULS provides developers and users with a rich variety of modules. Developers and users do not need to study underlying technical details such as cryptography, consensus mechanisms, storage methods, etc. They can directly select the required modules from the chain factory’s module warehouse according to their business and configure parameters to quickly build a blockchain, thus reducing costs. Blockchain commercial costs.

Supports a large number of blockchain application scenarios:
At the application level, it can be expected that blockchain-based applications will gradually enter the work and life of institutions and even individuals. NULS provides rapid deployment through modularization. The ability of the chain provides the circulation ability of data and assets between different blockchains through cross-chain technology, and provides Turing-complete programmability through smart contracts, which can support a variety of future application scenarios.

Driving the commercial implementation of blockchain:
Commercial applications have extremely high performance requirements. NULS is committed to solving the performance limitation problem of existing blockchains, using parallel expansion technology and building it through chain factories. Multiple independent chains distribute services to each chain. Cross-chain technology is used to communicate between chains to meet tens of millions of TPS requirements.

Technical Overview

Microservice Architecture:
NULS takes the lead in laying out microservice architecture, based on the underlying blockchainThe idea of ​​microservices is introduced in infrastructure design to split the software into multiple independently deployable services. NULS introduces this advanced design idea in software engineering into module design, with the purpose of making each module act like an independent program. Flexible, while the development of a single module can support multiple programming languages.

Under this architecture, the coupling between modules is smaller. Multi-language development greatly improves the contribution of code and the convenience of users. At the same time, each module is easier to expand, and the module Supports distributed deployment, which makes hot-swapping of modules easier. We call this entire architectural design NULS 2.0. At the same time, chain factories and cross-chains will also be designed based on this architecture.

NULS’s microservice architecture design is divided into three layers:
The first layer is the microservice infrastructure layer;
The second layer is the blockchain basic service layer;
The The third layer is the DApp application layer.

This architecture allows developers to develop more advanced application systems on the second layer (such as exchange distributed systems and data service systems can be built on the second layer). What is built on the NULS system is not only multiple chains and multiple DApps, but also other large, medium and small Internets that are not blockchains.

Modularization:
Business applications are ever-changing and technology upgrades are changing with each passing day. The NULS community recognizes that technology upgrades and the development of business application logic are unpredictable, and has absorbed the modular thinking of Linux kernel design and developed multiple The collection of functional modules forms a module warehouse. NULS design follows the principle of "everything is a module" and uses modularity to support technology updates and application adaptation.

Consensus mechanism - POC:
The modular design of NULS supports the replacement and plug-in of all core functional modules including the consensus mechanism. The NULS main network adopts the credit consensus mechanism POC (Proof-Of-Credit) by default. When the node's credit reaches the standard, a certain number of NULS can be locked to join the consensus. After the consensus nodes are reordered, blocks will be released in each round, and the locked NULS will be unlocked when exiting the consensus.

1. Consensus entry and exit mechanism
Anyone can join the NULS consensus at any time. As long as the conditions are met and the rules are followed, they can continue to receive NULS Token rewards. The addition of POC is divided into hard indicators and soft indicators. Rigid indicators refer to the fact that the credit score must reach a certain standard line and exclude some nodes that have done evil. Soft indicators refer to the need to lock a certain number of NULS as a deposit. In order to prevent the proliferation of nodes and make the entire system fairer, in addition to a minimum limit, the number of locked NULS can be freely chosen by anyone. The quantity will be linked to the final reward.

2. Credit rating
In the NULS network, credit is the integrity of the account in the system.number, the credit of all accounts will be automatically calculated through the credit rating algorithm formula within the interval [-1,1].

Credit evaluation formula:
Credit base = capability coefficient + responsibility coefficient
Capability coefficient: calculated based on the historical number of blocks
Responsibility coefficient: calculated based on violations and the correctness of the blocks
/p>

3. Consensus Reward
For the balance and fairness of the entire NULS network, the consensus reward is calculated based on the deposit submitted by all consensus nodes and the credit of the consensus node.

4. Universal consensus mechanism
NULS is a set of universal blockchain underlying infrastructure that does not run any application services on its main network. All application services are run by parallel blockchains. Through NULS's chain factory products, blockchains based on module warehouses can be quickly deployed, and various operating parameters can be flexibly customized, including whether to support basic tokens, encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, storage mechanisms, etc.

NULS defines a universal consensus module to provide interfaces compatible with different consensus mechanisms. The NULS community will continue to develop consensus mechanisms such as POW, DPOS, POS, PBFT, and POOL verification pools for users to freely choose.

NULS smart contract:
NULS has built-in NVM as a virtual machine for the smart contract module. From the module structure, the NULS smart contract module is between the external service module (such as RPC module) and the underlying facility module (such as Network module, storage module, account module, etc.), account module, network module and other other modules provide underlying support for smart contracts.

Smart contracts are defined by the upper-layer application, interpreted by the interpreter, stored by the storage module, and run by NVM. The NULS smart contract interpreter will support multiple high-level programming languages. Application developers can design NULS smart contracts using languages ​​they are familiar with.

Cross-chain:
The blockchain (blockchain within the ecosystem) based on the NULS module warehouse can add cross-chain modules through module selection to achieve interoperability with NULS at the bottom level. .

For public chains such as Ethereum and Bitcoin that follow protocols different from NULS, special mechanisms are needed to achieve protocol conversion and adapt the protocols of other public chains to the NULS cross-chain protocol to achieve The purpose of unified protocol communication.

All blockchains only communicate with the NULS main network. The verification of transactions is handled by the NULS main network. Each parallel chain trusts the verification results of the NULS main network.

Assets on each blockchain can be circulated through cross-chain methods to any chain in the NULS ecosystem that accepts the transfer of external chain assets at a very small cost.

NULS’s cross-chain technology has the following characteristics:
1. The NULS main network uses the POC consensus mechanism and is implemented in combination with the Byzantine fault tolerance mechanismThe confirmation and packaging of cross-chain transactions achieve both decentralization, performance and security;
2. Each node on the NULS main network will connect multiple nodes of multiple blockchains because the protocol is uniformly defined NULS cross-chain protocol, so a single node can connect to multiple nodes on different blockchains at the same time;
3. The NULS main network provides a chain management mechanism to manage all peer zones registered on the NULS main network. Blockchain. The registered content includes chain information, asset information, cross-chain margin, etc.;
4. When a blockchain receives assets from other chains, it needs to generate corresponding assets in this chain. Tokens on different blockchains are stored as assets on other chains;
5. Details of assets transferred from one blockchain to other chains will be stored in the NULS main network, and the assets will be transferred out of this chain. The blockchain will be verified and illegal assets will not be allowed to be generated from the blockchain. Malicious blockchains will be dealt with through community mechanisms, such as: suspending cross-chain, suspending cross-chain, confiscating deposits, etc. ;
6. The NULS main network will provide an API manual, and any developer can develop their own wallet, browser, light wallet and other tools according to the manual;
7. The NULS main network will provide protocol application extensions , this protocol can be used for DApp development and cross-chain protocol optimization.


2. Comment


NULS is a blockchain infrastructure that provides customizable services and is a global blockchain open source community project. NULS adopts the idea of ​​microservices to achieve a highly modular underlying architecture, using technologies such as smart contracts and cross-chains, while combining the ability of chain factories to quickly build chains to reduce blockchain development costs and promote blockchain business. Application implementation.

NULS is a global blockchain open source community project and a blockchain infrastructure that provides customizable services. NULS has developed a set of industrial blockchain technology standards, follows the principles of hot-swappable, modular, and parallel expansion, and provides scalable consensus, network, ledger, account, block management, chain management, transaction management, event bus and other functions. module. Building a blockchain based on NULS is like assembling a CPU, hard drive, memory, and motherboard into a computer. Users can freely choose consensus, network, ledger, account and other modules to assemble a chain that suits their own needs. This chain is not limited to the public chain, it can also be an alliance chain or a private chain.


Related links:


https://www.nuls.io/zh/
https://www.nuls.io/wp-content/uploads/2019/10 /NULS_Whitepaper_zh_2.0.pdf
https://info.binance.com/cn/currencies/nuls
http://www.qukuaiwang.com.cn/szhb/2486.html###


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