区块链在冷链物流中的应用,区块链 物流

近年来，随着科技的发展，区块链技术已经成为物流行业的一个重要的发展方向。区块链技术在冷链物流中的应用也日益凸显，以下就是区块链在冷链物流中的三个关键词：

一、可信追溯：可信追溯是指通过区块链技术对物流信息的安全可靠的追踪和记录，能够实现从原材料到产品的完整追溯。其中，区块链技术的应用，可以实现对冷链物流中的商品的追溯，以便追踪商品的历史信息，确保物流信息的安全可靠。

二、数据共享：区块链技术可以实现数据的安全共享，即可以在不同的组织之间安全共享数据，以改善冷链物流的效率。通过区块链技术，物流企业可以实时共享物流信息，例如，可以实时共享货物的位置、温度等信息，从而提高物流管理的效率。

三、货物安全：区块链技术可以有效保障冷链物流中的货物安全。通过区块链技术，物流企业可以实时跟踪货物的位置、温度等信息，从而保证货物的安全。此外，区块链技术还可以用于记录货物的历史信息，以确保货物的安全。

以上就是区块链在冷链物流中的三个关键词：可信追溯、数据共享和货物安全。区块链技术的应用，可以有效改善冷链物流的效率，保障货物的安全，确保物流信息的安全可靠。

⑴ What are the benefits of blockchain + supply chain in industry applications?

Application prospects of blockchain in the Internet of Things and logistics fields Blockchain in the Internet of Things and The logistics field can also be naturally combined. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved. This field is considered a promising application direction of blockchain.
Skuchain has created a new supply chain solution based on blockchain to synchronize commodity flow and capital flow while mitigating the problem of counterfeit goods. London-based blockchain start-up Provenance provides supply chain traceability services to enterprises. By recording the entire process information of the retail supply chain on the blockchain, it can achieve the retrieval and tracking of product materials, raw materials and product origin and history information. , improve the transparency and authenticity of information in the supply chain. A German start-up company Slock.it has made a smart lock based on blockchain technology, connecting the lock to the Internet and controlling it through smart contracts on the blockchain. Simply transfer money to the smart contract account through the blockchain network to open the smart lock. When used in hotels, guests can open the door easily. This is the real sharing economy!
Not only in supply chain management, but also in the financial field, intelligent manufacturing, culture and entertainment, financial services, medical health, and IP copyright , education, sharing economy, communications, social management, charity, social employment, and e-government can all be widely used.
At present, domestic Internet and IT are involved in the blockchain industry, and are beginning to develop or launch a series of solutions for basic application cases. In the current development trend, integrating blockchain technology into smart life, Internet of Things and other fields, integrating massive physical business application scenarios, carrying out blockchain + physical industry projects, and realizing the physical transformation and upgrading of the physical industry are among the most promising. One of the representative blockchain application directions.

⑵ New opportunities and challenges for blockchain enterprise applications

New opportunities and challenges for blockchain enterprise applications
New technologies come from the combination of existing technology modules. Once the power of the economy is superimposed, it will stimulate exponential growth in the economy. The economy is an expression of technological evolution.

Blockchain is actually a combination of several technologies, including peer-to-peer communication (P2P), distributed ledgers (also known as distributed storage), asymmetric encryption, etc. Once these technologies are combined, they will have a great impact on some new business models and economic forms, and these impacts are being revealed - now the world has entered an era called global automation, which is the fourth stage of our current informatization. stage.
We can call the Internet era that began in the 1990s and continues to the era represented by social media such as Facebook the pre-Internet era, that is, the first half of the Internet economy. The core of the rules in this first half is to improve productivity. In fact, many technologies do not specifically change the shape of enterprises and the economy.To achieve economic transformation by increasing productivity. Now the new rules are called the era of automated global network economy. The core of the rules is to enhance connections and improve production relations, such as the sharing economy that has opened up a new business form. However, the current form of the sharing economy is still an economic model built with centralized Internet companies as the core. The current shared bicycles and Didi are a one-way economic model. In fact, they do not feed back the growth and improvement of value to users.
The global era of automation not only requires productivity-enhancing technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain edge computing, etc., but more importantly, it requires a new model to improve production relations. Blockchain is actually such a new technology that can bring a new shift in business models to everyone.
So the future is here. Among the current eight core technologies, including blockchain, Internet of Things, augmented reality, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, robots, drones, 3D printing, etc., only blockchain has made improvements. Production relations, technologies that enhance connections.
Microsoft believes that technologies such as mixed reality, artificial intelligence and quantum computing are revolutionary new technologies that will continue to improve productivity in the future. But in fact, blockchain is not a new technology. It is just a combination of existing technologies. Its value lies in creating a trustworthy platform. As Alan Weber, founder of Fast Company, said: The new economy starts with technology and ends with trust.
In November 2015, the cover of The Economist magazine was called trustmachine, which is the machine of trust, the promise of blockchain. In fact, it is announced from this perspective: Blockchain technology is actually the core technology of the future Internet 3.0. This technology will gradually be transmitted to many aspects of the entire social and economic life through upper-layer applications, providing support for many business models, industry operations and governance systems. Bring innovation. Blockchain builds a new type of Internet with value as the core, rather than the old generation Internet with information as the core.
2 Blockchain+ vs. Internet+
Blockchain integrates trust mechanisms and technology and will bring great changes to the world.
In the era of Web 1.0 before 2005, e-commerce portal entrepreneurs basically used a large portal to start their business in a one-to-many manner.
The Web 2.0 era is the era of social networks and sharing economy, but in this ecosystem, core enterprises are still centralized, monopolizing user relationships and large amounts of data, enjoying the value of user contributions, and being able to decide rules at will. In this case, the so-called Internet + is an information model that is harmful to traditional enterprises.
The Web 3.0 era is a new global sharing economy based on the blockchain value network. It is decentralized, so there will be no oligarchic monopoly on innovation, interactions will be more spontaneous, and the scope of collaboration will be wider. Extensive, the impact will be more comprehensive and deeper.
So, the best way to digitally transform and upgrade traditional enterprises or industries is not Internet+, but Blockchain+. Because Internet+ still needs to rely on a centralized, classical Internet enterprise. Although companies like Alibaba, Tencent, JD.com, and Xiaomi are now at their peak, they are still essentially centralized enterprises that formulate the rules of the game for the ecosystem and monopolize customer relationships and data.
We call blockchain+ web3.0, which actually has a higher dimension than traditional Internet companies and Internet ecological companies. When information was scarce in the past, it was necessary to build a hierarchical structure and center to improve the overall information transmission efficiency. But when there is enough information, the network of peer-to-peer relationships (P2P) will gradually replace it, and when these networks of peer-to-peer relationships are connected together, a high-dimensional additive value network can be formed. . Enterprises formed based on this network system are called consensus economic social enterprises.
The high-dimensional business model of blockchain+ has a stronger future-oriented imagination than the existing Internet ecosystem or companies such as Internet+ enterprises. Let’s review most traditional companies: One-dimensional companies are engaged in engineering, and their main business models are actually rent-seeking, resource monopoly, and customer relations; two-dimensional product companies have certain product development and marketing capabilities, but this Both are company forms in the industrial economy era. Its value curve is linear. If you invest one, you will get one, and if you invest ten, you will get ten. Therefore, a company like Jack Ma with a market value of hundreds of billions of dollars, in fact, due to so many years of accumulation, is actually in line with the traditional neoclassical economic growth pattern, and its marginal returns are diminishing.
At Sanwei Internet Service Company, due to the addition of online service dimensions, data value-added services began to be provided. Its core is low-cost customer coverage, which reduces the service cost to customers, so its adaptability can be higher than In two dimensions, the price-to-earnings ratio of a company in this form can be as high as more than twenty times. The third-dimensional company can further open up the API and allow third parties to develop more applications on its platform. At the same time, it can connect service providers and users to form an online market. This constitutes a platform company. Platform The company's price-to-earnings ratio can exceed forty times.
When platform companies further open up their capabilities, combine resources such as data network brands and users with investment services, and empower partners, they will become Internet ecological enterprises like BAT. This ecosystem The price-to-earnings ratio of Internet companies in a centralized cluster may even exceed 100 times.
This is why these companies are desperately advocating Internet +. In fact, Internet+ does not create new value for traditional companies. It just uses the method of attracting stars to attract all the data, customer relationship channels, etc. of traditional companies to Internet ecological companies. They only play a subversive role in traditional enterprises, but they do not create greater value for society. They are still value producers with their own enterprises as the core.ecology circle.
Everyone has contributed to Jack Ma’s company for so many years, and has continuously contributed so many transactions and data to support his corporate price-earnings ratio. If you think this is not a particularly fair way, then we now have a new business model, which is blockchain. Through the blockchain + industry, an alliance ecosystem is formed, that is, the alliance chain. Even if it does not issue coins, it can have a higher dimension than existing Internet companies, because it is a cross-organization and cross-platform industry-oriented business processes, a secure distributed sharing, which will completely subvert the traditional enterprise ownership model.
The blockchain uses consensus mechanisms and beliefs to connect enterprises, which forms an industry chain, a decentralized social enterprise owned by the whole people, and can embed trust and security mechanisms without the need for a third party. In the autonomous agreement of the entire industry chain, the data of all relevant parties will be respected and protected on the chain. At the same time, if C-side users can be added in the future, and then through digital currencies, certificates or tokens, new business model dimensions can be added and greater value space can be opened up. That is to say, all businesses are combined with B2C business to form an industry palace for all employees.
This is what we call the bright future of the business model that blockchain 3.0 brings to everyone. It is completely based on a decentralized high-dimensional value network. I have listed for you some entrepreneurial project companies in this field, whether in distributed cloud storage, decentralized secure social networking, distributed identity management, distributed copyright and digital asset management, Internet of Things smart contracts, public governance There are many 3.0 creative innovation companies in fields such as anti-counterfeiting and anti-fraud, and digital market transaction prediction.
Three Opportunities and Challenges of Blockchain
Most of the projects currently implemented are relatively easy to combine finance and digital asset management due to the inherent properties of blockchain technology. However, in fact, we have also seen that traditional industries are also becoming more and more popular. There are more and more new opportunities to combine blockchain. This market will reach 176 billion US dollars by 2025, and will reach 3.1 trillion US dollars by 2030. This is actually a very, very huge number.
There are actually many strange entrepreneurial projects in China, but now the government has imposed some restrictions last year. However, in the future, the government will have some new compliance requirements for digital currencies, and will gradually relax restrictions on blockchain infrastructure.
2018 is a very critical year for enterprises to go online. This is equivalent to 20 years ago when you talked to companies about enterprise internet. It sounded like a fantasy and they didn’t know how to start. But those who started exploring the Internet for enterprises early were precisely the group of pioneers from around 1997 to 2000. They eventually became the trendsetters of the previous generation of classical Internet. Therefore, 2018 is a very critical opportunity for traditional enterprises.
The main application scenarios of blockchain + are actually nothing more than several areas based on the core technology of blockchain, such as digital identity management, digital asset management, and distributed applications.Application development and deployment, as well as smart contract development and services. These four main application scenarios combine some characteristics of the industry to provide enterprises with application landing services.
Four Theoretical Pioneers of Blockchain
So enterprises need to fully refresh their understanding and upgrade the underlying commercial operating system in this round of opportunities. There are some disruptive innovations here, giving traditional industries and the public the opportunity to counterattack the classical Internet. I have listed a few books here. If you have time, you can read them and have a deeper understanding of blockchain. Although some of these books were written in the 1930s and 1970s, classics always have guiding significance.

The most famous is Schumpeter's theory of economic development. He believed that innovation is the fundamental cause of economic development.
Then Thomas Kuhn proposed that the technological paradigm revolution is not continuous. At a certain stage, it will cause a new revolution. When the revolution comes, many traditional enterprises will die, but at the same time new technologies will establish Business models and economic forms will explode.
Christensen’s main contribution is of great significance to how traditional enterprises can seize opportunities, avoid the innovator’s dilemma, and embrace new opportunities to achieve transformation and innovation.
The British management guru, Charles Handy, his current book is called "The Second Curve", which mainly talks about how traditional enterprises can achieve leapfrog and transformation with the help of technological innovation and business model innovation.
5 Crossing the Second Curve

In terms of crossing the second curve, Microsoft’s own experience and lessons are actually worth learning from. Everyone knows that Microsoft was the overlord of the PC era. At that time, 76% of the industry's profits were divided between Microsoft and Intel. However, it also fell into the innovator's dilemma. It was the success of the PC that caused Microsoft to miss out on the mobile Internet. The opportunity has allowed Apple and other companies to overtake it, but Microsoft has not missed the opportunity of cloud computing. Microsoft's early layout in AI has given Microsoft a great lead in the world's smart cloud and blockchain. These experiences and lessons can be summarized to help traditional enterprises achieve digital transformation.
Microsoft has seized opportunities in artificial intelligence-led cloud computing, blockchain IoT edge computing, and mixed reality. The second curve has been achieved, and Microsoft will have some new layouts in the future, such as quantum computing, etc., which are some of Microsoft's own successful experiences. Of course, there are some lessons from failure. In terms of mobile Internet, Microsoft also acquired Nokia. In fact, Nokia is not worth acquiring at all, because Nokia has not crossed from the first curve to the second curve. In terms of mobile Internet, Nokia will be ignored by outsiders. Companies that have never done mobile Internet are easily defeated.
This kind of digital transformation of the enterprise industry, or the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, mainly helps traditional enterprises connect with external entrepreneurs, incubate entrepreneurial projects through propositions, and achieve transformation and innovation. Therefore, a new type of enterprise outsourcing innovation is needed. Incubation method. Because if the companyDoing incubation internally is still tied to the business trajectory of the first curve, so it can only be incremental innovation to improve the efficiency of existing products or services. For the second innovation, it needs to allow a certain space for trial and error, so it needs to use new methodologies to guide disruptive innovation.
It needs to be oriented towards value creation and growth, and cannot be tied to the current core business, because once tied to the current core business, all performance appraisal management mechanisms will fall into excessive path dependence, resulting in lock-in. In this case, it will not be able to jump out of the original business boundaries and will not be able to see changes in the external market. This is also the reason for Nokia's failure. Nokia strives for excellence in traditional mobile phones, and its management efficiency is very good. So when it was acquired by Microsoft, Nokia didn't know how it lost.
Nokia’s failure was actually due to its failure to see that disruption may not come from within your industry, but may also be intruders from the outside. That is to say, as said in "The Three-Body Problem": If I destroy you, it actually has nothing to do with you.
The second curve plan is to prevent traditional enterprises from falling into their own business development trajectories, so enterprises need transformation and customized accelerators to help them develop new business directions. And this requires a mechanism to guarantee, because the original internal incubation of enterprises comes from the internal organizational structure process, so we must use external incubation methods to directly recruit outside entrepreneurs to supplement fresh blood, and then achieve transformation and innovation through hybridization, and more importantly Focus on external markets and partners.
This will give entrepreneurs a great degree of freedom, and then encourage them with a high risk-reward ratio through the setting of company equity. As an enabler, the enterprise will provide business resources and start-up funds, but do not interfere too much in entrepreneurial projects. own operations and development. All companies need to do is observe, give feedback, and wait. If such a project can be incubated, it will be a great impetus for expanding corporate boundaries and activating corporate ecology.
Six application scenarios of blockchain
The following is a brief introduction to several blockchain application scenarios:

The first is blockchain + cross-border trade financial services. In fact, this involves many solutions, including exporters, importers, issuing banks issuing letters of credit (LoC), etc. These actually require a mechanism that can securely share data across agencies, organizations, and platforms. , and blockchain can just guarantee the realization of the solution. And through smart contract automation, when various conditions are met, clearing and settlement payments can be completed automatically without manual participation.
Cross-border trade finance involves many parties. If we follow the existing method, each party has its own system and some procedures need to be carried out repeatedly. Reconciliation needs to be confirmed by email and fax. It can take three to five weeks to complete a trade finance deal.
Now through the blockchain, all parties in trade finance can share the data on the ledger, and all members of the alliance chain canWith synchronous updates, smart contracts can be used to realize automatic synchronous execution of multiple parties, which can shorten the end-to-end business process from three to five weeks to two or three days, and can greatly simplify operations that originally required repeated confirmation, and only require A closed loop of trade finance can be realized in about 5 steps.

Blockchain can also be used to improve medical and health services. Patients have certain rights to decide who to share their medical history and other information with, to what extent, for how long, etc. Blockchain can effectively solve problems that traditional, decentralized medical drug R&D, physical examinations and other institutional systems cannot solve. This requires the establishment of a personal health data bank.

Blockchain can also be used for cold chain logistics and end-to-end food safety traceability services. From the origin of food to slaughtering, processing, and transportation, all data parameters can be uploaded to the chain, which will provide an end-to-end security guarantee.
For example, the salmon in Norway is doing food safety traceability through a blockchain company, and in this process, because the data of all parties are on the chain, he can later pass Self-service smart contracts realize payment and settlement of supply chain finance based on event triggers, which greatly improves the efficiency of the entire supply chain.

Blockchain can also provide services in the education and employment markets. School research institutions, examination institutions, employers, and government departments can safely share students’ academic qualifications, certificates, papers and other data.

The most important thing is that blockchain can also realize P2P peer-to-peer, microgrid power trading or energy trading services. For example, during the renovation of the old city in Brooklyn, photovoltaic solar panels were added to the roofs of houses to generate electricity. The electricity generated is not sold to power energy companies, but is made into a microgrid in the community and then traded through virtual currency.
This model can be further expanded, and the solar energy produced on the roof can be further used as a distributed charging pile, and then internal household electricity, security electricity, smart door locks, etc. can be uploaded to this blockchain. Provide overall shared services.

⑶ How is blockchain technology only used in logistics?

How will blockchain technology affect supply chain and logistics?

If blockchain technology Allowing us to more securely and transparently track all types of transactions, imagine the possibilities it presents throughout the supply chain. Whenever a product changes hands, the transaction can be recorded, creating a permanent history of the product from manufacturing to sale. This can significantly reduce time delays, increased costs, and human errors that plague today’s transactions.

Some supply chains are already using this technology, and AntZhilian believes that blockchain may soon become a universal "supply chain operating system" (Spend Matters).
Consider how this technology could improve the following tasks:

1) Record quantities of assets like pallets, trailers, containers, etc.and transfers - as they move between supply chain nodes.

2) Track purchase orders, change orders, receipts, shipping notices or other trade-related documents.

3) Assign or verify the certification or certain characteristics of physical products; such as determining whether the food source (Provenance) is organic or fair trade.

4) Link physical goods to digital tags such as serial numbers, barcodes, and RFID.

5) Share information about manufacturing processes, assembly, delivery and product maintenance with suppliers and customers.

Regardless of application, blockchain offers shippers the following advantages:

1) Enhanced transparency. Documenting a product’s journey throughout the supply chain, revealing its true origins and handoff points, increases trust and helps eliminate issues that arise in today’s opaque supply chains. Manufacturers can also reduce recalls by sharing logs with OEMs and regulatory agencies.

2) Higher scalability. Virtually any number of touchpoints can be visited.

3) More secure. A shared, indelible ledger with codified rules may eliminate the need for audits of internal systems and processes (expense matters).

4) Increase innovation. As a result of decentralized architecture, a wealth of opportunities may arise in new industries created by technology.

——For more logistics industry-related planning and information, please refer to: Forward-looking Logistics Industry Research Institute.

⑷ Why can blockchain technology be decentralized

Cold chain logistics generally refers to refrigerated and frozen products that are always in compliance with regulations in all aspects of production, storage, transportation, sales, and pre-consumption. A systematic project to ensure product quality and reduce product loss in a low-temperature environment. It emerged with the advancement of refrigeration technology and the development of logistics. It is a low-temperature low-temperature project based on refrigeration technology and using refrigeration technology as a means. logistics process.

⑸ Blockchain + Logistics =

Blockchain + Logistics =? Take a look at what UPS, Maersk, and IBM are doing
At the beginning of 2018, what will be the most popular? Blockchain is undoubtedly one of them. What innovations will such technology bring to the logistics industry? What explorations have foreign colleagues made? This article by Teacher Zeng has been comprehensively summarized and I believe it will bring some inspiration to Chinese colleagues.
2017.2.21: IBM officially releases logistics and transportation solutions
On June 21, 2017, IBM and AOS - a Colombian company that specializes in providing logistics solutions - announced together that they are collaborating to develop a Solution, built on Blockchain and Watson IoT on IBM Cloud, to increase efficiency in the logistics and transportation industry across the country.

Blockchain serves as an immutable ledger (immuta) that records transactions between members of the business (Transaction) network.ble ledger). Within the supply chain, this provides all permitted members with visibility into the exchange of information throughout the entire transportation cycle, thereby increasing data and transaction transparency.
Traditionally, supply chain transactions are done manually, with a higher risk of recording errors and delays, which can lead to discrepancies between what is recorded and what is actually loaded. By digitizing this process using blockchain and IoT, relevant information is obtained directly from sensors placed on the truck and then enters the blockchain, creating a single shared repository that is accessible to all authorized participants to participate. The parties can only reach a consensus.
With this solution, as soon as the truck leaves the distribution point, an automated message is sent to the customer informing them about the load, weight and estimated time of arrival. If part of a delivery is returned, an invoice can be automatically issued based on the actual goods delivered. Furthermore, through sensors located on the trucks, using IoT and blockchain, an information repository is generated that tracks all interactions made by each truck and its respective load from the distribution point to the end customer. , parking and trading. Increased transparency can help increase the separation of responsibilities and liabilities between shippers and their customers, facilitating the flow of business.
For AOS, this project is very important for the entire country’s logistics industry. "The proper handling and use of transaction and exchange information related to goods is key for the logistics and transportation industry, so our main goal with this solution is to provide transparency and security throughout the entire transportation cycle", Ricardo Buitrago, AOS Innovations "The solution is now available as a functional prototype on the IBM Cloud for companies in the logistics, supply chain and transportation industries across Colombia," Buitrago added, according to the department head.
The solution also integrates Watson IoT and is designed to monitor what is happening with the truck. For example, the solution captures loading and unloading to define available truck capacity, as well as which bin and which driver can take the load; and this data is also correlated with external information such as weather, humidity, temperature and driver data to estimate deliveries Give your customers time.
"One of the biggest challenges faced by the logistics and transportation industry is protecting their assets and goods, which is why implementing this blockchain and IoT solution in the Cloud is a key step where all parties can access the key on demand data, and the opportunity to make smarter decisions for the benefit of the business," said Jorge Vergara, Chief Technology Officer, IBM Colombia.
In the future, the solution is expected to include new features such as electronic sealing mechanisms for land cargo control and monitoring.
2017.11.7: UPS joins the Blockchain Freight Alliance
In addition to IBM, some logistics giants are also exploring this field. Relevant people said that blockchain should be able to improve transaction efficiency and reduce payment disputes in the logistics industry. Self-driving cars and Amazon are still hot buzzwords in the shipping industry today, but they may soon give way to blockchain.
At the end of 2017, United Parcel Service (UPS) announced that it had joined the Blockchain Freight Alliance (BiTA) and was carefully studying the platform's products.

"This technology has the potential to increase transparency and efficiency for shippers, carriers, brokers, consumers, suppliers and other supply chain stakeholders," Linda, Director of Enterprise Architecture and Innovation at UPS Weakland said in a statement.
However, UPS’s move is not surprising to investment group Stifel. Stifel analyst John Larkin wrote in an Oct. 29 report: "We believe that blockchain will be integrated with the vehicle pricing futures market and assisted by data analysis and artificial intelligence-assisted real-time matching of loaded and empty loads. .
Larkin said the three companies will "invest enough in technology to drive industry consolidation around these core transformational technologies -" UPS, C.H. Robinson Worldwide and XPO Logistics.
Larkin said: "The theory is that blockchain-enabled supply chain participants will be able to process transactions more quickly and more securely, reduce errors and reduce the labor costs involved in the entire process."
Sifel said , consumers can benefit from widespread adoption of blockchain technology across the logistics industry. Larkin writes that products will arrive cheaper, faster and more accurately thanks to blockchain. If the technology is implemented as theoretically possible, even software providers, data providers and trailer rental companies could see greater value from day-to-day operations.
However, "there are several organizations or departments that could be completely or partially revolutionized by the introduction of blockchain into the trucking business," Larkin said.
"Potential losers are those who choose not to adhere to BiTA's industry standard protocols, or choose to operate without transparency," Larkin said.
Overall, Stifel said, "Blockchain should improve transaction efficiency and reduce payment disputes, but it is still years away."
2018.1.16: IBM and Maersk plan to create a new blockchain Companies
IBM and Danish shipping giant Maersk are joining forces to form a new company with the goal of commercializing blockchain technology - powered by cryptocurrencyA stylish shared ledger derived from Bitcoin.
An anonymous New York venture capital firm stated that Maersk owns 51% of the new joint venture and IBM owns 49%. The company aims to help shippers, ports, customs, banks and other stakeholders in global supply chains track shipments and replace related paperwork with tamper-proof digital records.

IBM and Maersk conducted their first blockchain trial in the summer of 2016. Michael J. White, CEO of the new company, said the pilot, which tracked a shipment of flowers from Mombasa, Kenya, to Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and other tracking demonstrated the potential of the Maersk system.
Since then, the two companies have collaborated on testing with Dupont, Dow Chemical, Swiss food processor Tetra Pak, and various ports and customs offices. Other companies, such as General Motors and Procter & Gamble, are exploring how to use the technology to streamline record-keeping in their supply chains.
"We saw an opportunity to improve the efficiency and timeliness of freight movement," White told Fortune. Previously, White served as president of North America for Maersk Line, the container shipping arm of Maersk.
"Even small-scale improvements can have a significant impact on global trade," said Marie Wieck, general manager of IBM's blockchain team.
Currently, Wieck said, many shipping supply chains are bogged down in paperwork and administrative communications between a large number of middlemen. Lost or delayed documentation that causes damage to perishable goods can end up costing up to a fifth of the total cost of shipping.
According to a 2013 World Economic Forum study, reducing friction in information sharing and border management in international trade "could increase gross domestic product by nearly 5% and increase transaction volumes by 15%" - which One figure could be in the trillions of dollars.
IBM and Maersk see the adoption of blockchain as a way to achieve this improvement. They believe that by providing a single view of all transactions taking place in a complex network of parties, blockchain can help eliminate considerable waste of resources.
The chairman of the new joint venture said in a statement, "The potential to provide a neutral, open digital platform for exchanging information in a secure and convenient way is huge and will benefit all participants across the supply chain. Benefit.
Bill Fearnley Jr, director of blockchain strategy research at market research firm IDC, said: "Supply chain is a very hot topic right now and it's only accelerating from here." He noted that the new IBM and Maersk company will Has a competitive advantage over smaller blockchain startups competing in the same market because of the company behind itA business relationship has been established between them.
IBM and Maersk’s technology is built on Hyperledger, a blockchain first developed by IBM and now maintained by the Linux F Hyperledger group.
IBM cooperates with companies such as Walmart, Nestle, and UNILEVER to use blockchain technology in the fields of food safety and supply chain respectively. The company is also working on pilots in finance, healthcare and other industries.
Like Microsoft (MICROSOFT), Ernst & Young (EY) and other companies, Maersk has also conducted separate blockchain trials with marine insurance companies.
White said he expects the joint Maersk-IBM startup to receive regulatory approval this spring and begin selling software in the third quarter of this year, and that the new company is organizing an advisory committee of industry and government officials in the meantime. to help guide its development.

⑹ What are the companies currently applying blockchain technology to the logistics industry in China and what services do they mainly provide

In the field of promoting application in the express logistics industry, there are domestic blockchain companies that are making applications in this area, such as Walton Chain.

Last year, Waltonchain reached a strategic cooperation with Huodou (Xiamen) Technology Co., Ltd., using Waltonchain’s “RFID + blockchain” technical solution to help it improve its logistics solutions and move goods to Dou puts data on the chain in all aspects of its logistics turnover, such as entering and exiting the warehouse, receiving goods and other key nodes. After deploying the reading and writing system, when the object passes through any link, the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader and writer, and the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader. The corresponding behavior is converted into data and uploaded to the blockchain. Users can trace the entire logistics process with one click.

Four business scenarios that can be implemented in the real environment are suitable for the application of blockchain technology.

Scenario 1: Insured express delivery

Revolving around the insured scenario, express companies transport goods, insurance companies provide guaranteed goods, merchants provide goods sales, sellers purchase insured services, and the government regulates the industry.

So, what should be recorded on the blockchain? There are several key points. The logistics details, accounts, identities, claims, other reference data and other information of the goods are recorded on the blockchain.

Insured price is the concept of a contract. When the customer signs for the package normally, the account claim is automatically triggered, the contract ends normally, and the premium is automatically cleared. If there is a problem or missing piece, the insurance company's claim process will be triggered.

Scenario 2: Charity express delivery

For charity activities, such as the "One Cent" campaign, one cent from the cost of each charity package is donated to the account of the charity organization . In this scenario, the express delivery company is still responsible for the transportation of goods, the public welfare organization provides the execution of public welfare activities, and the poverty alleviation merchants provide the sales of public welfare and poverty alleviation products, etc..

Then what is recorded in the blockchain is the logistics details of the goods. After the package is signed for, it will be recorded on the blockchain, automatically triggering the transfer from the logistics company's public welfare account to the public welfare organization's account. When the public welfare activities are completed, the entire process is open and transparent, which avoids the public's distrust of social welfare activities.

Scenario 3: Industry blacklist sharing

At present, the blacklist of express delivery employees is still mainly offline. We hope that through blockchain technology, each company can record the blacklist of employees on the blockchain, and other companies can also query it, and the data cannot be modified, and can be traced back to which company this person worked in What kind of inappropriate behavior and other information.

Scenario 4: Supervision of safety incidents in postal delivery channels

Many express companies will install security inspection machines, and the government also wants to know whether each logistics company has any transportation safety hazards. Through the distributed accounting model, each express delivery company can record the effective information of the security incident on the blockchain when a security incident occurs, so that regulatory agencies can monitor it in real time and cannot be tampered with.

The contents of this article do not constitute any investment advice. The market is risky, so investment needs to be cautious.