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A. What is blockchain technology? Popular explanation of what blockchain is
Blockchain has been at the forefront since the end of October.
What is blockchain technology
Although blockchain has been around for more than ten years, many people still don’t know much about this technology.
Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. From an application perspective, blockchain is a distributed ledger.
So, why is the blockchain called the blockchain?
Because the blockchain itself is a series of linked blocks, these blocks are filled with transaction records. The blocks are much like the records of a database. Every time data is written, it Create a block. With the expansion of information exchange, one block continues with another, and the result is called a blockchain.
What are the characteristics of blockchain technology?
Simply put, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, openness, non-tampering, and anonymity.
1. Decentralization:
In the blockchain system, there is no center.
In the blockchain model, it is distributed accounting and storage. Each node self-verifies, transmits, and manages information. Each node is the center, which is decentralization.
2. Openness:
The blockchain system has the characteristics of openness. The data is open and anyone can query the blockchain data and data through the public interface. Develop related applications.
3. Information cannot be tampered with:
In the blockchain system, once the data is written, the tampering cannot be undone unless 51% of all data nodes are controlled. Forge a record that does not exist. Therefore, blockchain technology has a certain degree of security.
4. Privacy and anonymity:
The cryptography technology in the blockchain can effectively achieve identity concealment.
The identity information of each node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and information transfer can be done anonymously. It can only be accessed with the authorization of the data owner, thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.
Xiao Li lent 10,000 yuan to Xiao Wang. Xiao Li found two people in common and Xiao Bai to prove it. This accounting model is a centralized accounting model, and Xiaobai is the center.
However, a year later, when Xiao Li wanted to get the money back, Xiao Wang Shikou denied that he had lent him the money. It turned out that Xiao Wang introduced Xiao Bai's girlfriend to his company.Got a job.
This is the disadvantage of centralized accounting.
Xiao Li learned a lesson and gained wisdom. In the future, when someone asked him to borrow money, he said on WeChat in the village that I would lend so-and-so how much money. In this way, everyone in the village knew that Xiao Li How much money did Li lend to whom?
In this way, when Xiao Li asks for debt again in the future, the other party will not deny the issue, because a consensus mechanism has been established in the minds of the people in the village: How much did you borrow from Xiao Li? .
This is the advantage of decentralized accounting.
Because after all, there are many people to testify about this transaction. If it seems to be a fraud, it will be unless more than half of the people in the village are bought. However, the price is very high.
In fact, these characteristics of the blockchain are all to solve the problem of "trust". The rich application scenarios of the blockchain are also based on the blockchain's ability to solve the problem of information asymmetry. At the same time, Blockchain also helps achieve collaborative trust and consistent action among multiple entities.
What are the applications of blockchain?
In addition to digital currency, there are many application scenarios of blockchain.
1. Medical field
Blockchain helps realize smart medical care, such as going to the hospital to see a doctor. Through the blockchain model, the patient’s medical status, case, treatment status, etc. are all Clearly visible, saving a lot of medical resources.
2. Copyright field
Blockchain can prove the authenticity and uniqueness of the copyright of works, from the birth to the transfer of audio, video, pictures, text and other works. Can be tracked and recorded, and form tamper-proof information.
3. Logistics field
After applying blockchain in the logistics field, goods can be traced from production to consumption.
4. Food safety
Is blockchain used for food safety? Through blockchain traceability, one can easily trace the past and present life of their food.
5. Securities trading
For example, traditional securities trading requires the coordination of multiple institutions to complete, while the blockchain system can independently complete one-stop transactions. This service can make securities trading simpler and faster.
However, many people have big misunderstandings about blockchain. The biggest misunderstanding is: blockchain = Bitcoin
In fact, blockchain and Bitcoin is not the same thing. Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin, and Bitcoin is the first application of blockchain.
B. What is the concept of blockchain
Concept: BlockChain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.
The essence of the blockchain is a distributed public ledger. Anyone can verify this ledger, but no single user can control it. Participants in a blockchain system jointly maintain a ledger: it can only be modified according to strict rules and consensus.
The development of blockchain has gone through three stages:
1. Incubation period: 2009-2012, the economic form was dominated by Bitcoin and its industrial ecology.
2. Embryonic period: The period is from 2012 to 2015. Blockchain entered the public eye with Bitcoin, new wallet payment and remittance companies appeared, and the blockchain economy spread to the financial field. The underlying technology of blockchain continues to innovate. Blockchain technology is divorced from the Bitcoin system.
3. Development period: In 2016, industry applications began to be explored, and a large number of blockchain startups emerged. The popularity of ICO in 2017 brought unprecedented attention to blockchain.
(2) Extended reading of blockchain technology metaphor:
Three characteristics of three blockchains:
1. The core idea of the blockchain is decentralization: in the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any nodes are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote using computing power, thus ensuring a recognized result. It is the result recognized by more than half of the nodes. Even if it suffers a serious hacker attack, as long as the number of nodes controlled by the hacker does not exceed half of the total number of global nodes, the system will still be able to operate normally and the data will not be tampered with.
2. The biggest disruption of blockchain lies in the establishment of credit: in theory, blockchain technology can make WeChat Pay and Alipay no longer valuable. The Economist made a vivid metaphor for blockchain: simply put, it is “a machine that creates trust.” Blockchain allows people to collaborate without trusting each other and without a neutral central authority. Combating counterfeit currency and financial fraud will no longer be needed in the future.
3. The collective maintenance of blockchain can reduce costs: Under a centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system rely on the operation, maintenance and operation of platforms such as data centers, and costs cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. While participating in the recording, each node also verifies the correctness of the recording results of other nodes, which improves maintenance efficiency and reduces costs.
In one sentence, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental foundations on which human beings rely for survival.
C. What word can be used to describe the attitude of small countries towards blockchain technology
Green light all the way.
"Blockchain" was first proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. It is a new application model that combines distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies. It has the characteristics of "decentralization" ization”, “data is difficult to tamper with”, “information security"High" and other characteristics. After 10 years of development, blockchain technology has now developed into the 3.0 era, affecting more and more fields and people. No country can ignore this new technology.
Generally, major powers will encourage A Class B applications, while Class B applications are treated with caution or even banned. Represented by China, the United States and Russia. As the most developed country in technological innovation in the world, the United States has always taken a positive attitude towards the development of blockchain technology. 2017 2 In August, the US state of Arizona passed the Blockchain Signature and Smart Contract Legality Act. In the same month, the US Congress announced the establishment of the Congressional Blockchain Decision-making Committee, and the US healthcare department ONC held a healthcare hacker application development marathon to apply blockchain technology to medical care. In the field of health care. The executive branch of Congress also recognized the potential of blockchain and called for the development of the application of blockchain technology in the public sector. But at the same time, the United States has formulated relatively strict policies for cryptocurrency transactions, and many blockchain The project's whitelist application and investor certification clearly state that it does not accept investment from U.S. citizens.
D. What is the popular explanation of blockchain
What is the popular explanation of blockchain< /p>
What is the popular explanation of blockchain? Blockchain is a hot topic at the moment, and its development speed in the country is getting faster and faster, but many people still don’t know what blockchain is? Below I Let me give you an easy-to-understand explanation of what blockchain is!
Popular explanation of what blockchain is 1Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger database. The advantage of this distributed ledger is that buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary. Everyone has a backup, even if your copy is lost, it will not be affected.
If you have one at home A ledger, your parents give you your salary and let you record it in the ledger. Because of your greed, you misappropriated more than a dozen yuan privately, and no one else knew about it. But the way to solve the problem with blockchain is to keep accounts by mobilizing the whole family. , not only you are keeping accounts, but your father, mother, brother, sister, younger brother, sister, etc. are all keeping accounts. They can all see the general ledger. You cannot change it, and neither can others.
Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. Blockchain technology has been widely used in different industries. Such as commodity traceability , copyright protection and transactions, payment and settlement, Internet of Things, digital marketing, medical care, etc.
Popular explanation of what blockchain is 2Common questions in blockchain engineer interviews
What do you think What does a block mean in blockchain technology?
Blockchain consists of information about all financial transactions. A block is nothing but a list of records. When these lists are combined together, they are called For blockchain. For example, an organization has 100 ledgers, and their combination is called a blockchain. A single ledgerwill be treated as a single block.
Why is blockchain a trustworthy approach?
There are many reasons to trust blockchain. The first reason is that it is compatible with other business applications because it is open source. Secondly, it is secure because it was developed for online transactions, so the developers pay special attention to its data synchronization while keeping it safe. Because the type of business it holds is unrelated, it is easy to consider distinguishing chains when choosing.
How much do you know about blockchain?
This is a technology that was actually designed for Bitcoin and later heavily promoted for the multiple benefits of monitoring and recording all financial transactions on the network. This is a trusted method that is currently being used by many organizations. Since everything is secure and open source, it is easy to gain trust in the long run.
Utilizing blockchain in an organization, if there are specific technical requirements for the network?
No specific conditions of use. However, the network must be a peer-to-peer network under the relevant protocol. It literally just validates new blocks and helps organizations stay in sync without having to invest in third-party applications.
What is encryption? What is its role in blockchain?
Data security is always very important. Encryption is basically a way to help organizations keep their data secure. In this technique, data is encoded or altered to some extent by the sender before being sent to the network. Only the receiver can know how to decode it. This practice is very useful in blockchain because it increases the overall security and authenticity of the block and helps ensure that the block is secure.
What types of records can be saved on the blockchain? Are there any restrictions?
There are no restrictions on any type of records in the blockchain approach. Currently, many organizations around the world are using this approach, and the fact is that medical transaction records, organization-related events, administrative activities, transaction processing, identity management, document records are all common record types that can use blockchain. And record keeping is not limited to these applications..
What is double spending?
This is one of the main issues related to digital currencies. In practice, this is a condition of passing a digital certificate, since the card can be used multiple times through a digital file that is often easily cloned. It only leads to inflation and the organization has to bear huge losses. A major technical goal of blockchain is to eliminate this approach as much as possible.
Explain the importance of blind signatures and how they are useful?
It is actually a form of digital signature, an important part of cryptography, where all information is blinded until it is actually considered or signed. This is a tried and tested method, usually used by authors withConsidered in different privacy-related agreements between signatories. Digital currency design is one of the most common examples.
What is key sharing? Are there any benefits to blockchain technology?
As we all know, security issues in digital transactions are very important. Key sharing is a similar approach. In blockchain technology, this is a method of dividing keys or personal information into different units and sending them to network users. The original information can only be merged if the participant who distributed the key agrees to be merged with other participants. It can provide various security-related benefits in blockchain technology.
What organizations can use blockchain technology?
This method can be considered as commercial class without strict upper limit. In fact, almost all businesses are doing or online financial transactions that require them to successfully complete the implementation process. Large enterprises, financial institutions, private enterprises, government departments, and even defense agencies can easily trust this technology.
What is the difference between a blockchain ledger and a general ledger?
First of all, the main difference is that blockchain is a digital ledger that can be easily decentralized. This method is far less likely to go wrong than a regular ledger. Normal books are written by hand or by hand, blockchain does all the tasks automatically. You just need to configure it the right way and follow all the guidelines.
What is a soft fork?
Blocks in the ledger are included in a way that builds the longest chain, i.e. the chain with the greatest cumulative difficulty. A fork is a situation where there are two candidate blocks competing to form the longest blockchain, and two miners discover a working problem and fail to synchronize with each other within a short period of time. Causes network fragmentation because some nodes get blocks from miner #1 and others get blocks from miner #2. Forks are usually resolved in one block because the probability of this happening again becomes very low as the next block comes out so soon there is a new longest chain that will be considered primary.
E. What exactly is blockchain
Let’s talk about some basic concepts first.
The network said that blockchain is a new usage model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, and encryption algorithms. It is essentially a decentralized database, and as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by cryptography.
We try to translate "what is blockchain" into "human language".
The definition refers to the "decentralized database" nature of blockchain3354. This is very different from the traditional "centralized database" in storage, update and operation.
A centralized database can be thought of as having this shape:
For example, if I want to use Alipay to pay a Taobao seller, all data requests from when I make money to when he receives the money will be centrally processed by Alipay. The advantage of this data structure is that as long as Alipay is responsible for the efficient and safe operation of the system, others canYou can believe it unconditionally and don’t worry; the downside is that if there is a problem with Alipay, such as being hacked, the server being burned, a traitor appearing, or the company running away (of course the possibility of the above is extremely low), the balance details and other information in our Alipay will be confused.
Then some people think that this kind of low-probability event can use any technical means to avoid individual risks, and not only hand over the data to a centralized organization. For example, everyone can store and process data.
The database structure may look like this:
This picture is a schematic structural diagram of a "distributed database". Each point is a server, they all have equal rights to record and calculate data, and information is spread point-to-point. At first glance, it seems that it can indeed resist the risk caused by the crash of a certain node, but it is also very confusing and inefficient intuitively. Who will handle my information, and who has the final say on the outcome?
At this time, the "consensus mechanism" in the definition of blockchain comes into play. The consensus mechanism mainly "stipulates" the following things: who will process a data request (what qualifications are required); who will verify the results (to see if he has handled it well); how to prevent processors and verifiers from colluding with each other, etc.
Some people may like to be questioned when a "rule" is made. In order to form a stronger consensus, in addition to making the rules more reasonable, they must also be more attractive so that people are interested and motivated to participate in data processing. This involves the incentive mechanism of the public chain. We will start again later when we discuss the classification of blockchain and the role of digital currencies.
When we hand over a transaction to a distributed network, there is also a "psychological threshold": there are so many nodes that can process information, and I don't know any of them (unlike Alipay, if it hurts me, I can go and file a lawsuit against it). They all have my data, why should I trust them?
At this time, encryption algorithm (the last descriptive word in the definition of blockchain) comes on stage.
In the blockchain network, the data requests we send will be encrypted according to cryptographic principles into a string of characters that the recipient cannot understand at all. Behind this encryption method is the support of a hash algorithm.
Hash algorithms can quickly convert any type of data into hash values. This change is one-way irreversible, deterministic, random, and anti-collision. Because of these characteristics, the person handling my data request could record the information for me, but they had no idea who I was or what I was doing.
So far, the working principle of the decentralized network has been introduced. But we seem to have overlooked one detail. The previous diagram is a net. Where are the pulleys and chains? Why do we call it blockchain?
To understand this matter, we need to clarify a few knowledge points first:
The previous picture is actually a "macro" database perspective, showing the basic rules and processes of the blockchain system for processing information. . And specifically at the "micro" data log level, we will find that the ledger is packaged, compressed, stored in blocks, and strung together in chronological order to form a "chain structure", like this:
Figure Each ring in can be regarded as a productWood, many links link together to form a blockchain. Blocks store data, unlike ordinary data storage: on a blockchain, the data in a later block contains the data in the previous block.
In order to academically explain the fields of each part of the data in the block, we tried to use a book metaphor to describe what a blockchain data structure is.
Usually, when we read a book, we read the first page, then the second and third pages. The spine is a physical existence that fixes the order of each page. Even if the book is scattered, the order of each numbered page can be determined.
Inside the blockchain, each block is labeled with a page number, the second page contains the first page's content, the third page's content contains the first and second page's content. The tenth page contains the previous Nine pages of content.
It is such a nested chain that can be traced back to the original data.
This brings up an important attribute of blockchain: traceability.
When the data in the blockchain needs to be updated, that is when new blocks are generated in sequence, the "consensus algorithm" comes into play again. This algorithm stipulates that a new block can only be formed if it is recognized by more than 51% of the nodes in the entire network. To put it bluntly, it is a matter of voting, and it can be elected if more than half of the people agree. This makes the data on the blockchain difficult to tamper with. If I were to force a change, there would be too many people to bribe and the cost would be too high to be worth it.
This is what people often call the "non-tamperable" feature of blockchain.
Another reason why blockchain gives people a sense of trust is because of "smart contracts."
Smart contracts are commitment agreements defined and automatically executed by computer programs. It is a set of transaction rules executed by code, similar to the current automatic repayment function of credit cards. If you turn on this function, you don’t have to worry about anything. The bank will automatically deduct the money you owe when it is due.
When your friend borrows money from you but doesn't remember to pay it back, or makes excuses not to pay it back, smart contracts can prevent breach of contract. Once the terms in the contract are triggered, such as when it is time to repay the money, or there is a limit in his account, the code will automatically execute, and the money he owes you will be automatically transferred back whether he wants it or not.
Let’s briefly summarize. Blockchain technology is mainly decentralized, difficult to tamper with, and traceable, which represents more security and trustlessness. But it also brings new problems: redundancy and inefficiency, which requires many nodes to agree with the rules and actively participate.
This concludes the "drying" section. Next, let’s talk about unofficial history and the official history of blockchain.
A new technology is often used to serve a certain task.
Or goals. So where was blockchain first used, and who came up with it first?
Let’s go back to 2008.
On September 21, Wall Street investment banks collapsed one after another. The Federal Reserve announced that it would convert the only two remaining investment banks (Goldman Sachs Group and Morgan Stanley) into commercial banks; it hoped to survive the financial crisis by absorbing savings. On October 3, the Bush administration signed a $700 billion financial rescue package.
Twenty-eight days later, on November 1, 2008, a new post appeared in a cryptography mailing group: "IA new electronic money system is being developed that is completely peer-to-peer and does not require a third-party trust agency. "The text of the post is a paper called "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System", signed by Satoshi Nakamoto.
The paper explains this set of peer-to-peer electronic cash in a more rigorous logic The design of the system first discusses the problem that financial institutions are subject to "trust based" (based on credit), and then explains step by step how to achieve "no need for third-party institutions" and cleverly solve the technical problems left by the predecessors.
Two months later, Satoshi Nakamoto released the first version of the open source Bitcoin client and mined 50 Bitcoins for the first time. The block that generated the first batch of Bitcoins is called the "Genesis block" block), the founding block was compiled into block 0 and was not uploaded to the chain. It took Satoshi Nakamoto 6 days to dig out this block. This also triggered discussions in the bitcointalk forum. Bitcoin "believers" thought of the Bible , "God used six days to create the heaven and earth and all things, and then rested on the seventh day."
Although concepts such as decentralized, token, and economy do not appear in the paper, But Satoshi Nakamoto explained in detail how blocks and chains work in the network. Thus, there was the blockchain.
This paper later became the "Bit God" The "Bible" of "religion", technology became the cornerstone of faith, and developer documentation became the "Code of Hammurabi." The decryption relies on a series of legends such as Bitcoin's miraculous survival, Satoshi Nakamoto's "decentralization" and retirement, true and false appearances and refutation of rumors, etc., which integrates the expectations, imagination and speculation of future generations, and becomes a "Bible story" ”.
There are also people who are not satisfied with the world described in the “Old Testament”, and start new sects, write the doctrines into white papers, and tell the story of their faith in the ten years after Bitcoin. Just like the 66 volumes of the Bible The writing spanned 1500 years, and after 2000 interpretations, Christianity has divided into 33,000 branches.
CoinMarketCap shows that there are more than 4,900 types of digital currencies, and the overall digital currency market size is nearly 140 million yuan. Bitcoin is still at 66 % market share leads the entire digital currency market, with the recent price hovering around US$7,200 per coin.
So many currencies have different functions and are divided into different categories: Numbers represented by Bitcoin Currencies are positioned as "digital gold" and have certain store-of-value and hedging properties; digital currencies represented by Ethereum have become the "operating fuel" in their network systems; stablecoins represented by USDT and Libra have It has low volatility and good payability; with DThe central bank represented by CEP issues digital currency, which to a certain extent replaces M0, allowing commercial institutions and ordinary people to receive and pay without delay when they are out of cash and disconnected from the Internet.
It can be seen that after 10 years of development of blockchain technology, the first and largest application is digital currency.
Digital currency has also become an attractive reward for participants to maintain the public chain.
So besides digital currency, where else can blockchain technology be used?
Let us recall what the essence of blockchain is—a decentralized database, and its corresponding characteristics: traceability, publicity, anonymity, and tamper-proofing. In theory, you can try to use blockchain to transform traditional scenarios that use centralized databases to see if they are suitable.
Next, let’s talk about several industries and scenarios where blockchain has been successfully implemented:
Blockchain can prove the existence of a certain file or digital content at a specific time through hash timestamps, providing judicial authentication, Identity proof, property rights protection, anti-counterfeiting traceability, etc. provide perfect solutions
In the field of anti-counterfeiting traceability, blockchain technology can be widely used in various fields such as food and medicine, agricultural products, alcohol, and luxury goods through supply chain tracking.
Give two examples.
Blockchain can allow government data to be run, greatly streamlining service processes
The distributed technology of blockchain can allow government departments to be centralized on one chain, and all service processes are delivered to smart contracts, and the workers only need to be in one department Through identity authentication and electronic signature, smart contracts can be automatically processed and transferred, and all subsequent approvals and signatures can be completed in sequence.
Blockchain invoices are the earliest use of blockchain technology in China. The tax department launched the "Tax Chain" platform for blockchain electronic invoices. The tax department, the issuer, and the payee join the "Tax Chain" network through unique digital identities, truly realizing "instant invoicing for transactions" and "instant reimbursement after invoicing" - in seconds Level invoicing and minute-level reimbursement accounting greatly reduce tax collection and management costs, and effectively solve problems such as data tampering, over-reporting of one ticket, and tax evasion.
Poverty alleviation is another practical application of blockchain technology. Utilize the characteristics of openness, transparency, traceability, and non-tampering of blockchain technology to achieve transparent use, precise investment, and efficient management of poverty alleviation funds.
Give two examples as well.
The eID network identity operation agency guided by the Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security is jointly developing a "digital identity chain" with Gongyilian, which will be issued to Chinese citizens based on the citizen's identity number as the root and cryptographic algorithm. Since it was put into operation, the eID digital identity system has served the full life cycle management of 100 million eIDs, effectively alleviating the problems of personal identity information being fraudulently used, abused and privacy leaked.
Odaily Planet Daily compiled 5 identity chain projects registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China
Blockchain technology naturally has financial attributes
In terms of payment and settlement, under the blockchain distributed ledger system, there are many markets Participants jointly maintain and synchronize a "general ledger" in real time. In just a few minutes, they can complete payment, clearing, and settlement tasks that currently take two or three days to complete, reducing the complexity of cross-bank and cross-border transactions.complexity and cost. At the same time, the underlying encryption technology of the blockchain ensures that participants cannot tamper with the ledger, ensuring that transaction records are transparent and safe. Regulators can easily track on-chain transactions and quickly locate high-risk capital flows.
In terms of securities issuance transactions, the traditional stock issuance process is long, costly and complex. Blockchain technology can weaken the role of underwriting institutions and help all parties establish a fast and accurate information exchange and sharing channel. The issuer can handle the issuance on its own through smart contracts. , regulatory authorities conduct unified review and verification, and investors can also bypass intermediaries for direct operations.
In terms of digital bills and supply chain finance, blockchain technology can effectively solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. It is difficult for current supply chain finance to benefit small and medium-sized enterprises in the upper reaches of the industrial chain, because they often do not have direct trade relations with core enterprises, and it is difficult for financial institutions to evaluate their credit qualifications. Based on blockchain technology, we can establish a consortium chain network covering core enterprises, upstream and downstream suppliers, financial institutions, etc. The core enterprises issue accounts receivable vouchers to their suppliers. After the bills are digitized and uploaded to the chain, they can be uploaded to the supplier Transfer between them, each level of supplier can realize the corresponding amount of financing with the digital bill certificate.
Give me an example.
The China Enterprise Cloud Chain, jointly launched by ICBC, Postal Savings Bank of China, 11 central enterprises, etc., has covered 48,000 companies since its establishment in 2017, with the amount of rights confirmed on the chain reaching 100 billion yuan, and factoring financing of 57 billion yuan. , cumulative transactions reached 300 billion yuan. After receiving the loan application, financial institutions can verify the authenticity of the contract on the chain and whether the contract has been verified multiple times (multiple loans); the smart contract automatically clears and settles, reducing costs and increasing efficiency; at the same time, the accounts payable of core enterprises can have The corresponding vouchers will be split by the first-level suppliers and handed over to the second- and third-level suppliers in the chain to help them with financing; core enterprises can also use this to understand whether the entire chain is operating normally and avoid emergencies. Redemption pressure.
Blockchain technology will greatly optimize the existing use of big data and play a huge role in data circulation and sharing
The aforementioned areas are areas that we are relatively familiar with. As more new technologies develop, blockchain may be able to be combined with them and play a role in unexpected cross-fields and new scenarios that are currently unforeseen.
In the future, the Internet, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things will generate massive amounts of data. The existing centralized data storage (computing model) will face huge challenges. Edge storage (computing) based on blockchain technology is expected to become a future solution. Furthermore, the non-tampering and traceability mechanism of blockchain ensures the authenticity and high quality of data, which becomes the basis for the use of all data such as big data, deep learning, and artificial intelligence.
Finally, blockchain can realize multi-party collaborative data calculations while protecting data privacy, and is expected to solve the problems of "data monopoly" and "data islands" and realize the value of data circulation.
In response to the current blockchain development stage, in order to meet the blockchain development and use needs of general business users, many traditional cloud service providers have begun to deploy their own BaaS ("Blockchain as a Service") solutions. The combination of blockchain and cloud computingThe combination will effectively reduce enterprise blockchain deployment costs and promote the implementation of blockchain usage scenarios. In the future, blockchain technology will also play an important role in many fields such as charity, insurance, energy, logistics, and the Internet of Things.
During this trial process from traditional technology to blockchain, we found that when certain scenarios have stronger demands for traceability, tamper-proofing, and decentralization, they also have problems with the weaknesses of blockchain (such as performance). , the requirements are not high, and this field is quite suitable for combining blockchain.
At the same time, in the process of blockchain evolution, it has also developed from a highly decentralized public chain accessible to everyone to a consortium chain with different permissions and maintained by multiple centers. Balances the advantages and disadvantages of the two systems.
Typical examples of alliance chains include: FISCO BCOS jointly developed by WeBank and the Golden Alliance Open Source Working Group, Fabric, a major contribution from IBM, and Ant Alliance Chain led by Ant Blockchain, etc.
These trustless systems represent more secure data authentication and storage mechanisms, where data is effectively authenticated and protected. Businesses or individuals can exchange or enter into contracts digitally, where these contracts are embedded in code and stored in transparent, shared databases where they cannot be deleted, tampered with, or revised.
It is boldly predicted that in the future, contracts, audits, tasks, and payments will all be digitized with unique and secure signatures. Digital signatures will be permanently identified, authenticated, legalized, and stored, and cannot be tampered with. There is no need for an intermediary to guarantee each of your transactions. You can conduct transactions without knowing the basic information of the other party. While improving information security, it effectively reduces transaction costs and improves transaction efficiency.
Generally speaking, there has been a lot of progress in the implementation of blockchain compared to two years ago.
Many improvements are at the bottom of the system, and users cannot directly see that blockchain is used, but they have actually benefited from it; some applications are still in pilot mode, and users have not yet been able to experience it. In the future, blockchain is expected to be used on a large scale and become one of the Internet infrastructure.
I hope that after reading this, you have a general understanding of what blockchain is and what blockchain can do.
Related Q&A: What is blockchain
Blockchain is actually equivalent to a disintermediated database, which is composed of a series of data blocks. Each of its data blocks contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity of the information and generate the next block.
In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and non-forgeable. distributed ledger.
In a broad sense, blockchain is actually a distributed infrastructure and computing method, which is used to ensure the security of data transmission and access.
Blockchain infrastructure:
Blockchain is composed of six infrastructures: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and usage layer.
F. What are the main characteristics of blockchain technology
It is understood that compared with traditional centralized solutions, blockchain technology mainly has the following three characteristics:
Block The core idea of the chain is decentralization
In the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any nodes are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote with computing power, thus ensuring The recognized result is the result recognized by more than half of the nodes. Even if it suffers a serious hacker attack, as long as the number of nodes controlled by the hacker does not exceed half of the total number of global nodes, the system will still be able to operate normally and the data will not be tampered with.
The biggest subversion of blockchain is the establishment of credit
Theoretically, blockchain technology can make WeChat Pay and Alipay no longer valuable. "The Economist" gave a vivid metaphor to the blockchain: simply put, it is "a machine that creates trust." Blockchain allows people to collaborate without trusting each other and without a neutral central authority. Combating counterfeit currency and financial fraud will no longer be needed in the future.
The collective maintenance of blockchain can reduce costs
Under the centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system rely on the operation, maintenance and operation of platforms such as data centers, and the cost Cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. While participating in the recording, each node also verifies the correctness of the recording results of other nodes, which improves maintenance efficiency and reduces costs.
In one sentence, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental foundations on which human beings rely for survival.
G. What is blockchain
H. What does blockchain technology mean
Many people now know that blockchain Chain. Do you know blockchain technology? What does blockchain technology mean?
The so-called block chain technology, referred to as BT (Blockchain technology), also known as distributed ledger technology, is an Internet database technology that is centralized, open and transparent, and everyone can participate in database records.< /p>
Technical principles of block chain
(1) Block chain is a chain data structure that connects data blocks in chronological order. It is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and Unforgeable distributed ledger.
(2) The block chain is a historical record of transactions, much like a database. The blocks in the chain are equivalent to a page in the book, and each page in the book includes Each page has its own information: book title, chapter title, page number, etc.
(3) In the blockchain, including block data Titles such as pointing to technical information, referencing previous blocks, digital fingerprints (also called hashes) included in the block data, etc. This retail is very important for ranking and block validation.
I. Blocks A popular explanation of what a chain is
Question 1: BlockWhat is a chain? Can you explain the principle of 10-point blockchain in plain language: decentralized distributed accounting system
The core of blockchain technology is that all currently participating nodes jointly maintain transactions and The database enables transactions to be based on cryptographic principles rather than trust, allowing any two parties that reach an agreement to directly conduct payment transactions without the participation of a third party.
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Technically speaking, a block is a data structure that records transactions, reflecting the flow of funds for a transaction. The blocks of transactions that have been reached in the system are connected together to form a main chain, and all nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain. A block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash hash formed by the previous block, and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, specifically including the private keys of both parties to the transaction, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc.; the hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks to realize the past The order of transactions; random numbers are the core of transaction completion. All miner nodes compete to calculate the answer to the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for update, thus completing a transaction.
1.1 What is Blockchain
Blockchain (BlockChain) refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. This technical solution mainly allows any number of nodes participating in the system to associate and generate a series of data blocks (blocks) using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains all the information exchange data of the system within a certain period of time, and generates The data fingerprint is used to verify the validity of its information and chain to the next database block.
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In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. Behind all systems there is a database, which is a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. At present, it is whoever owns the system who keeps the accounts. Each bank’s account books are kept by each bank, and Alipay’s account books are kept by Alibaba. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are new transaction data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write the recorded content to the ledger, and Send the contents of the ledger during this period to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. Therefore, this data becomes very safe. A tamperer needs to modify more than half of the system node data at the same time to truly tamper with the data. Such tampering would be extremely costly, making it nearly impossible. For example, Bitcoin has been running for more than 7 years. Countless hackers around the world have tried to attack Bitcoin, but so far there have been no transaction errors. It can be considered that the Bitcoin blockchain has been proven to be a safe and reliable system.system.
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1.2 Why is there blockchain innovation?
Human beings need to communicate during their activities, and communication is based on information. In the past, information circulation was not convenient enough to satisfy market participants. There is a demand for information, so intermediaries and centers are born. This centralized system has problems such as high cost, low efficiency, value dispersion, "information islands" and insecure data storage. However, due to technical and environmental factors, this system continued to operate for many years until the emergence of the Internet. The starting point of the first generation of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which is an open code that implements a unified format for peer-to-peer transmission of information by all nodes on the network, and brings the basic values of freedom and equality required by a global unified market into programmed, protocol-based, and reliably Execution. The Internet eliminates low-value, high-cost intermediate chains and achieves low-cost and high-efficiency global information transmission in a decentralized manner.
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However, the first generation of the Internet did not solve the problem of information credibility. Activities that can be decentralized on the Internet must be activities that do not require credit endorsement, and activities that require credit guarantee must be activities involving centralized third-party intermediaries. Therefore, Internet technology that cannot establish global credit has encountered great obstacles in its progress - people cannot participate in any value exchange activities on the Internet in a decentralized manner. To realize value exchange, people still need third-party intermediaries based on credit (such as banks, clearing agencies, exchanges). The global centralized credit system still has problems such as high operating costs, low efficiency, and vulnerability to attacks and damage. For example, each country's legal currency has different credit values and incompatible clearing systems, which adds a lot of cost to global trade.
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Therefore, what the second generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized manner? Let...>>
Question 2: What is blockchain? What does it mean in layman’s terms? What is China’s attitude towards blockchain? What can blockchain do? Blockchain, a great technology that accompanied the birth of Bitcoin, is currently being used in the financial field to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency, which is enough to excite Wall Street. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Its potential applications are very broad and will subvert every aspect of our lives in the future.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. One of the most basic characteristics of Bitcoin is decentralization. In recent months, financial giants have gradually begun to pay attention to Bitcoin's technology and used it in non-monetary fields, such as stock trading, election voting, etc. (1) Art Industry
Artists can use blockchain technology to declare ownership, issue numberable, exclusive editions of works, and can target any type of art.The digital form of the artwork. It even includes a marketplace where artists can buy and sell through their website without the need for any intermediary services.
(2), Real estate industry
Use blockchain technology to solve various problems faced by everyone involved in real estate, including the naming process, land registration, agency intermediaries, etc.
(3), Insurance Industry
The financial industry has always been the most sensitive to advanced technology. Traditional banking and securities industry giants have been involved in the booming blockchain venture capital investment since 2014, with the total global investment reaching US$1 billion within two years.
(4) P2P wallet
Personal assets can be traded through this P2P wallet in the future without going through any central institution, such as Bitcoin.
Most blockchains are in their infancy, mainly overseas. There are very few good domestic blockchain projects, so it is not recommended for any non-professionals to invest in blockchain projects. If you are very interested in blockchain technology and have a technical or financial background, it is recommended that you consider starting a business in this area. In terms of the blockchain protocol system, the lowest layer is the underlying technology of the blockchain, including the technical protocols of the blockchain, as well as some platform routing and basic algorithms; in the middle layer, some application interfaces and some credentials must be solved Issuance and verification, including some industry platform services, big data analysis, etc. This is a very rough classification, and there should be more detailed classifications; the top ones are some applications of blockchain, including finance Some applications and some applications in other aspects, the Internet of Things and so on.
Introduction to Bubi Blockchain
Bubi Blockchain has been focusing on the research and development and innovation of blockchain technology and products since its establishment. It has a number of core technologies and has achieved substantial results in many aspects. Radical innovation has resulted in a number of core technological achievements, such as: mathematically provable distributed consensus technology, fast large-scale ledger access technology, multi-chain general ledger technology that supports business expansion, and interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains. wait. On April 25, "Gege Points" introduced the concept of blockchain into the points system, jointly opened it up with multiple parties, issued and redeemed points, and promoted the circulation of points. Each cooperative institution can jointly participate in transaction verification, ledger storage, and real-time settlement; the third-party payment platform of the enterprise points issuer makes the entry and exit of points more flexible. Bubi has developed its own basic blockchain service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, points, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with decentralized trust as the core, allowing digital assets to flow freely.
A simple understanding of blockchain is a technology at the bottom of Bitcoin, which is also a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that can realize peer-to-peer value delivery. We should distinguish between Bitcoin, Bitcoin blockchain, blockchain and blockchain. Blockchain technology and other concepts. In countries with relatively developed finance in the past, financial and block technology have been around for a long time.The history, legislation of digital currencies and blockchain networks are also very important. With the advent of the financial era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology. They have their own teams and conceptual technologies. Slowly, banks in various regions are also participating in digital currency discussions. The application and support of this technology are not only that. The influence of blockchain on enterprises is also huge. For larger domestic enterprises, Bubi Blockchain is also used in various equity, supply chain, points and other fields. Major domestic financial institutions and enterprises have taken a fancy to the new industry. value, they have developed their own blockchain platforms, and blockchain has instantly become a new innovative industry in China. In terms of overseas internationalization, the United States has already obtained 15 blockchain patents at the end of last year compared to China. Blockchain financial applications are entering a new stage in an all-round way. Various applications will become more and more in-depth, and related changes will also become more and more profound. It has attracted more and more attention and will form a huge new trend... >>
Question 3: What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain? What is blockchain? 1. Data blockchain is an important concept in the Bitcoin financial system. It records transaction record data on the entire Bitcoin network, and these data are shared by all Bitcoin nodes. Through the data block, we can query each transaction record. A look at the history of Bitcoin transactions. 2. Example: There are three persons A, B, and C. All funds of A and B are kept by C. And every financial transaction must be recorded by C. Now assume that A and B each have 1 million in custody of C. Then: A spends 80,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 80,000 yuan from A's name, and add 80,000 yuan to B's name. If B transfers 50,000 yuan to A, C will add 50,000 yuan to A's name and subtract 50,000 yuan to B's name in the account book. A spends 50,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 50,000 yuan from A's name, and add 50,000 yuan to B's name. 3. The role of the data blockchain is similar to that of C’s account record book. It records the user’s ownership of Bitcoin and the records of all users’ Bitcoin transactions. It’s just that this “account record book” is recorded by the mining software of every Bitcoin miner on the network. If a Bitcoin transaction is confirmed by the data blockchain, the relevant information will be recorded in the data blockchain. Bitcoin’s “account record book” is called the data blockchain. All data blockchains on the network form Bitcoin’s distributed network database system. 4. The essence of data blockchain technology is a decentralized and distributed structure of data storage, transmission and certification methods. It uses data blocks to replace the current Internet's dependence on central servers, so that all data changes or transaction items are recorded. On a cloud system, the self-certification of data during data transmission is theoretically realized. In a far-reaching sense, this transcends the traditional and conventional information verification paradigm that relies on a center and reduces the cost of establishing global "credit." This peer-to-peer verification will produce a "base protocol" and is a new form of distributed artificial intelligence, will establish a new interface and shared interface for human brain intelligence and machine intelligence.
Question 4: What is blockchain: This explanation of blockchain is more understandable. Blockchain refers to a technology that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. plan.
In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. Currently, whoever owns the system keeps the accounts. Tencent keeps the accounts of WeChat, and Alibaba keeps the accounts of Taobao. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are any data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write his recorded content into the ledger, and record this Within a period of time, the contents of the ledger are sent to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. In this way, we call it blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology has become the darling of the financial community in China and has become a hot topic. Domestic Puyin Group has launched Puyin, a tea-based digital currency.
Question 5: Explain in an easy-to-understand manner what blockchain is. Blockchain can be understood as a database system in a sense. The development of blockchain can be divided into 1.0 and 2.0
1.0 is represented by Bitcoin, and its main application is virtual currency or digital currency application. The blockchain at this time can only be used for simple digital currency transactions.
2.0 is represented by the now popular ethereum (Ethereum) and the upcoming hyperledger. The blockchain at this stage can not only meet the corresponding digital currency transactions, but also use smart contracts to customize currency or asset transactions. If we use the database analogy, the emergence of smart contracts can be understood as allowing users to define functions or stored procedures in the database and call and execute them.
Different from traditional databases, the blockchain introduces consensus mechanism, incentive mechanism, p2p (network), hash and other specific elements, making it open, decentralized and non-tamperable. characteristic.
Question 6: What is blockchain? Can anyone explain it in simple terms? Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. It is like a ledger that records all transactions. It is decentralized. What is decentralization? For example, when you buy something on Taobao, you place an order and pay in Alipay. Alipay will not transfer the money to the seller until you receive the goods. Alipay is the third party in that center. without itIt means decentralization, just like buying things offline. If you pay with one hand and receive the goods with the other hand, there is no third party.
The blockchain itself is a series of cryptographically related data blocks generated.
Look carefully to see if it looks like a ledger. The pieces one by one are blocks, and connected together they are the blockchain.
Many companies are developing this technology, including ours, and its prospects are incredible. For details, you can go to our official website and hope to adopt it, thank you
Question 7: What is blockchain technology? What is blockchain? How to explain the concept of blockchain? People in each industry have different understandings, and relevant explanations are gradually emerging due to more and more real-life applications. With the popularization of this blockchain technology, the related results are getting bigger and bigger. If we want to understand this technology, we must have an in-depth understanding of reality.
In the past six months, the concept of blockchain has gradually become popular in China, and a blockchain whirlwind has taken off in the financial circle. Blockchain has attracted the attention and favor of more and more people in the industry due to its unique technical advantages. Blockchain technology, which is decentralized (or multi-centered), highly transparent, cannot be tampered with, and has no single point of failure, is entering the field of vision of financial institutions and enterprises. It has at least been used in digital currency, payment exchange, registration and settlement, Digital assets, traceability and anti-counterfeiting, supply chain, Internet of Things and many other fields have moved from theoretical discussions to practical applications.
"Blockchain" was first introduced with "Bitcoin" released in early 2009. Blockchain has become the basic protocol and technical application for the launch, recording, and circulation of Bitcoin. Although Bitcoin has been controversial since its inception and cannot even be regarded as a "currency" by governments and monetary authorities, the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin has been recognized by governments, including governments and monetary authorities. extensive attention.
Why has blockchain become a rapidly heating up hot technology and topic?
The most important of these may be that the launch of Bitcoin based on blockchain technology has opened up a new relationship with traditional society ( The exploration and attempt of new technologies and rule systems such as Internet user identity verification, wealth confirmation, transaction records, notarization and verification, which have little connection with offline) and are completely applied to the online world (online), provide people with the opportunity to adapt to the Internet society. Development provides alternative paths and unlimited imagination.
Judging from its application in Bitcoin, blockchain is a set of new network blocks (BLOCK, also called communities) formed by combining encryption technology with the Internet. Bitcoin configuration, netizen identity verification, and Bitcoin (value) confirmation formed by mining, Bitcoin transaction records, and extended encryption of Bitcoin cross-block flow (value transfer) (added block and transaction time identification, etc. Factors) registration and verification, including blockchain connection (Blockchain), full encryption, mutual authentication of Internet protocol rules and accounting (Ledger) system. Precisely because Bitcoin is not a substitute for offline legal currency, but is issued and managed by non-legal currency authorities, mainly imitating the model of gold, and is completely new and decentralized protected and supported by basic Internet protocols and strict encryption technology. Internet currency (virtual currency) has thus formed a new set of currency rules and systems that are different from and not subject to real social laws, and can be bought, sold or exchanged with legal currency. It has been more than 8 years since Bitcoin was launched. There has been no record of funds or user information being stolen. Its security has been verified, and its efficiency and cost of fund settlement also have obvious advantages. This has made people's confidence in the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin continue to increase, and people have become more and more aware that although blockchain is a technology and protocol pioneered and applied by Bitcoin, the blockchain Chain is not the same as Bitcoin, and its application is by no means limited to Bitcoin. The application of blockchain can be decentralized or centralized; it can be a public chain model or a private chain model. Therefore, after Bitcoin, blockchain technology is also constantly developing and innovating, and constantly exploring new application fields, especially in the financial field.
The reason why blockchain is valued highly by more and more people is because the development and widespread application of the Internet have caused more and more economic exchanges and transaction activities to be conducted online, and the online world (or online world) society) is rapidly expanding, enriching and active, and online transactions must solve the efficiency and security protection issues of the parties' identity verification, value verification, transaction records, inspection and verification, etc., and require strict intermediaries and agreements (rules or constitutions). In this regard, traditional thinking and customary practices are to follow the development trajectory of the transfer of offline transactions to online and push the common rules and practices of the real (offline) society to the online (network) society. However, in practice, it is increasingly It is difficult to adapt to the needs of online transactions.
For example, for the identity verification of the parties, the natural choice is to use the information on the identity documents protected by the laws of various countries as the basis, and then add account or transaction passwords, as well as facial recognition, iris, fingerprints and other biometrics to conduct online transactions. Verification, but this method first makes the citizen identity information in the cross-border interconnected online world subject to the administrative jurisdiction of real society... >>
Question 8: Easy to understand Explain clearly what is blockchain. The English name of blockchain is Blockchain. Block literally means block, block, and chain means chain, chain. Therefore, together they are translated into blockchain.
1. Use cryptography technology to encrypt and decrypt so that records cannot be tampered with. Common blockchain encryption methods include hash algorithm, RSA algorithm, elliptic curve algorithm, etc.;
2. The huge amount of calculation needs to be supported by a reasonable reward mechanism. Because every transaction must be recorded, so far, Bitcoin’sThe blockchain already has more than 60 gigabytes. Every new transaction requires confirmation of the information related to the trading account to ensure that the transaction is valid. The huge amount of calculation requires a computer with powerful computing power to complete.
In order to encourage the participation of powerful computing power, Bitcoin provides two rewards: one is to issue a certain number of Bitcoins to these computers every day; instead, all transfer fees are awarded to these computers. (The technical term for these computers is "mining machines", and the people who hold the mining machines are called "miners".)
Biying China is working hard on the digitization of assets and has launched the digital currency crowdfunding platform Biying China.
Question 9: What is the so-called "blockchain"? Blockchain itself is a tool called decentralization and trustlessness. For example, when you graduate from university, the current practice is to have a certificate recognized and issued by an authoritative agency as your certificate. This setting is more troublesome, because this is a piece of paper, and paper can be forged, so there will be various gaps. The issuing authority is also a person, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people, whoever There are various possibilities related to media. The blockchain provides a great opportunity. As soon as you graduate, you will have a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. You, as a physical existence , and then as a data existence, the blockchain was born. In this case, anyone who wants to check where you graduated can easily solve the problem. This is similar to the big data often involved in social networking (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Yibao).
Question 10: What does blockchain mean? Regarding blockchain, I think you have already seen the concept on the Internet. Let me explain it based on my understanding!
First, let’s talk about its characteristics: 1. Openness and transparency 2. Decentralization 3. Anonymity 4. Information cannot be tampered with, eliminated 5. No trust cost
Blockchain is like a public ledger , everyone has the right to record and read it, and everyone will jointly supervise to ensure its accuracy, and the recorded content will be saved permanently and can only be added but not deleted! However, as the number of blocks continues to increase, costs will increase and efficiency will decrease. (I’m not sure whether technology can be used to make up for this. I hope someone who understands technology can point it out.)
Blockchain is divided into public chain, private chain, and alliance chain. Public chain: accessible to everyone, everyone has read and write permissions, completely open, transparent and decentralized. Private chain: open to individuals or institutions, in which the owner of the private chain can set various permissions to make it partially centralized. Alliance chain: Open to specific organizations or groups, it is also "partially decentralized". According to the ledger at the beginning, members can view and transact, but cannot record and confirm bills, or require permission from the alliance. (The latter two do not have cost and efficiency issues)
Regarding blockchain, countries have begun to recruit talents in this area. For this, you can search online for "Central Bank Recruiting Digital Currency R&D Personnel". In addition, you can increase your understanding of blockchain by understanding its existing applications. What we usually refer to generally refers to public chains. Currently, those used abroad include Bitcoin, Ethereum and other domestic blockchains. Chain
1. Open and transparent: Every piece of data is verified by everyone and can be viewed by everyone at any time.
2. Decentralization: For example, when we shop on Taobao, we conduct transactions through the intermediary Taobao, and blockchain allows both supply and demand parties to directly contact each other for direct transactions through blockchain technology.
3. Anonymity: No personal privacy information is required to complete transactions on the blockchain, only your unique alphanumeric signature is required.
4. Information cannot be tampered with or deleted: Once the data has been verified and recorded, no one has the authority to modify it, let alone delete it!
5. No trust cost: The trust crisis in reality will not appear in the blockchain. Transactions in the blockchain do not require you to trust the other party. Only when both of you have enough "digital assets" to trade can it be carried out, and Under the supervision of the entire network, transactions will not be broken. If you have no idea about the cost of trust, just think about how many intermediaries there are in your city, or just think about Jack Ma, and you will know how big the cost of trust is.
I am still learning more about blockchain. I am Li Ailin. If you have any questions, you can discuss and learn together!
