区块链技术驱动金融,区块链技术驱动金融 pdf

近年来，区块链技术已经成为一个热门话题，它已经被广泛应用于金融领域，为金融服务提供了更多的可能性。区块链技术驱动金融（PDF）是一种新兴的金融技术，它可以提供更安全、可靠和有效的金融服务。

区块链技术的基本原理是将复杂的金融数据和交易信息存储在一个分布式数据库中，这个数据库可以被多个用户共享，从而使得交易本身变得更加安全、可靠和透明。它不仅可以支持传统的金融服务，还可以支持新的金融服务，如分布式账本、智能合约、跨境支付等。

区块链技术驱动金融的另一个优势是它可以极大地减少金融机构的操作成本。区块链技术可以让金融机构更快更有效地处理金融交易，同时也可以减少各种金融服务的中间商费用。

此外，区块链技术还可以改善金融服务的可用性和可靠性。它可以帮助金融机构更快更有效地处理客户的金融交易，并且可以提供更可靠的金融服务，使客户更加放心。

总之，区块链技术驱动金融（PDF）是一种新兴的金融技术，它可以提供更安全、可靠和有效的金融服务。它可以帮助金融机构降低操作成本，提高服务可用性和可靠性，从而有效提高金融服务的效率。因此，区块链技术驱动金融（PDF）有望成为未来金融服务的主流技术之一。

Ⅰ How to accelerate the application of blockchain technology and industrial development

Recently, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology and the Provincial Cyberspace Administration of China jointly issued the "Jiangxi Province Accelerates the Promotion of Blockchain "Implementation Opinions on Technology Application and Industrial Development" proposes that by 2025, the comprehensive competitiveness of the province's blockchain industry will be comprehensively improved. Create 2 to 3 blockchain industry development clusters. Clearly build a famous blockchain park, cultivate famous blockchain enterprises, and create famous blockchain products.

Based on "blockchain + judicial + application", Yibaoquan has successfully built a one-stop service platform for blockchain applications by deeply cultivating the underlying technology of blockchain and expanding judicial service capabilities, providing enterprises and government agencies with , individuals provide four major innovative product services of "electronic data storage, electronic contracting, Internet justice, and original protection", which can effectively solve the pain points of traditional business cooperation and judicial rights protection, completely transform the traditional business model, and create a new digital business infrastructure.

In the field of electronic data storage, Yibaoquan's "Preservation Chain" is based on blockchain technology and synchronizes multiple judicial institutions such as notary offices, arbitration committees, and courts, which can effectively solve the "difficulties in obtaining evidence" of electronic data. ", "difficulty in dispute resolution", "difficulty in evidence management" and other pain points, turning electronic data into effective electronic evidence.

In the field of electronic contract signing, Yibaoquan's "Junzi Sign" can help enterprises and institutions solve the problems encountered in traditional paper contracts: chaotic seal management, high operating costs, easy tampering of content, difficulty in contract search, and difficulty in documenting. Problems such as loss.

In the field of Internet justice, Yibaoquan's "Zhongzhengbao" can help notary institutions solve traditional notarization problems such as cumbersome procedures, inefficient processing, long on-site processing, and the inability to obtain customers in batches.

In the field of original protection, Yibaoquan's "micro-copyright" helps enterprises and individual users solve problems such as slow confirmation of rights, difficulty in monitoring, difficulty in obtaining evidence, difficulty in pursuing blame, and difficulty in safeguarding rights in the traditional copyright process.

II What is blockchain technology and how it changes business and financial models

Blockchain technology is a Distributed ledger technology allows multiple participants to jointly maintain a secure, transparent and immutable record on a decentralized network. Blockchain technology was originally designed for the digital currency Bitcoin, but is now widely used in many other fields.

The core features of blockchain technology include:

Decentralization: Blockchain has no central control agency, and data is distributed on various nodes in the network, which makes it decentralized. The centralization feature reduces the risk of single points of failure.

Transparency: Transaction records on the blockchain are public to all participants, and anyone can view these records. This helps increase trust and reduce the risk of fraud.

Immutable: Once a transaction is recorded on the blockchain, it cannot be easily modified or deleted. This guarantees data integrity and security.

Smart contracts: Transactions on the blockchain can be automatically executed to implement "smart contracts", that is, when certain conditions are metAutomatically perform corresponding operations when conditions occur. This helps simplify complex business processes and reduce costs.

Blockchain technology has had a profound impact on business and financial models, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Reducing costs: Blockchain technology can reduce intermediary links and reduce costs. Transaction costs and operating costs. For example, by adopting blockchain for cross-border payments, remittance fees can be significantly reduced.

Improving efficiency: The automation and smart contract features of blockchain technology help improve the efficiency of business processes, reduce manual intervention, and reduce error rates.

Enhance trust: The transparency and non-tamperability of blockchain technology help to establish a reliable trust system, reduce the risk of fraud, and provide better protection for commercial activities.

Innovative business models: Blockchain technology has spawned many new business models, such as decentralized finance (DeFi), digital asset trading, supply chain finance, etc. These new business models have brought disruptive changes to existing industries.

In short, blockchain technology, as an emerging technical means, is gradually changing the landscape of business and finance. With the continuous development of technology and the in-depth promotion of applications, blockchain is expected to have a more extensive and far-reaching impact in the future

Ⅲ What are the future development prospects of blockchain technology

Blockchain is a technology. “In the simplest and most popular terms, blockchain technology means everyone keeps accounts, or distributed ledgers.”
In the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. The database can be regarded as a large ledger. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, accounting. However, the blockchain is "decentralized" and allows every member of the system to Participating in it, not only everyone can keep accounts, but also through the link, everyone can have a complete account book.
"Blockchain is essentially a collective recording method. What is special is that it uses a unique set of technologies to achieve the authenticity and credibility of the recording results, which is difficult to destroy and cannot be tampered with." Zhang Xiaorong said, " First, everyone has the right to record and authenticate each other to distinguish authenticity. This is called a consensus mechanism; second, no one can tamper with records because there is a cryptographic signature; third, everyone has a copy, so even if there is a ledger If it is damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in blocks according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain."
Each currency represented by Bitcoin This encrypted digital currency is originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be said to be version 1.0 of blockchain. But around 2014, the industry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain was gradually separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency.
Broad application prospects
Blockchain technology is considered a disruptive innovation after steam engines, electricity, and the Internet. If steam engines and electricity liberated productivity, the Internet changed information transmission.way, then the blockchain, as a machine for constructing trust, will likely change the way value is delivered.
For example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing, and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. However, blockchain technology has data that cannot be tampered with and is traceable. Its application can help reduce the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment services, and make small-amount cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the transfer of RMB positions from Hong Kong Wing Lung Bank to Wing Lung Bank Shenzhen Branch. This is the world’s first inter-bank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology.
In addition, according to the "China Blockchain Technology and Application Development White Paper 2016" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, the application of blockchain has extended to many fields such as medical health, education, charity, and social management. . Taking the cultural industry as an example, intellectual property protection has always been a pain point in the industry due to low copying costs, high rights protection costs, and difficulty in providing evidence. With the blockchain, the records of the production, dissemination, and transactions of cultural products are authentic, transparent, credible, and verifiable, and the problem can be easily solved.
Cheung Hsiao-rong said that blockchain technology solves two major problems in the digital economy era: first, the flow direction is visible, and second, there is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical banknotes was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets has a "chain" that can be checked. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the Intellectual Property Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it truly completes the construction of credit in an anonymous society and brings new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible.
There is a long way to go for future development
In terms of technology promotion, there are not too many barriers to blockchain. This has been proven in the global practice of Bitcoin. The main resistance still comes from conceptual and implementation obstacles.
"On the one hand, society may be very concerned about the 'naked' state in the blockchain. The blockchain builds a 'Skynet' for the business society, and all the company's economic activities are recorded, so there is no There is no secret at all, and such business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain."
"On the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology. How can the emerging blockchain technology be placed under the law? It needs to be studied under supervision." Duan Yongchao said.
The core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the central management model that has been formed in society for a long time. In addition to laws, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology so that the technology can benefit society and not be used for evil is also an urgent problem to be solved.

IV What is the core technology of blockchain

Introduction to the 7 core technologies of blockchain operation
2018-01-15
1. Blockchain Chain links
As the name suggests, blockchain is a chain composed of blocks. Each block is divided into two parts: block header and block body (including transaction data).point. The block header includes the hash (PrevHash) value (also called hash value) of the previous block used to implement block linking and the random number (nonce) used to calculate the mining difficulty. The hash value of the previous block is actually the hash value of the header of the previous block, and the rules for calculating random numbers determine which miner can obtain the power to record the block.
2. Consensus Mechanism
Blockchain was born with Bitcoin and is the basic technical architecture of Bitcoin. Blockchain can be understood as a decentralized accounting system based on the Internet. A decentralized digital currency system like Bitcoin requires blockchain to ensure the consistency of accounting by each honest node without a central node. Therefore, the core of blockchain technology is a consensus mechanism that reaches a consensus on the legality of transactions among individuals who have no basis for trust in each other without central control.
There are currently four main categories of blockchain consensus mechanisms: PoW, PoS, DPoS, and distributed consensus algorithms.
3. Unlocking script
Script is an important technology for automatic verification and automatic execution of contracts on the blockchain. Each output of each transaction does not strictly point to an address, but to a script. A script is like a set of rules that govern how the recipient can spend the assets locked on this output.
The legality verification of transactions also relies on scripts. Currently it relies on two types of scripts: locking scripts and unlocking scripts. The locking script is a condition added to the output transaction, implemented through a script language, and is located at the output of the transaction. The unlocking script corresponds to the locking script. Only if the conditions required by the locking script are met, the corresponding assets on this script can be spent, which is located at the input of the transaction. Many flexible conditions can be expressed through scripting languages. The interpretation script is similar to a "virtual machine" in our programming field, which is distributed and runs on every node in the blockchain network.
4. Transaction Rules
Blockchain transactions are the basic units that constitute blocks, and are also the actual effective content that the blockchain is responsible for recording. A blockchain transaction can be a transfer or other transactions such as the deployment of smart contracts.
In the case of Bitcoin, a transaction refers to a payment transfer. The transaction rules are as follows:
1) The input and output of the transaction cannot be empty.
2) For each input of the transaction, if its corresponding UTXO output can be found in the current transaction pool, the transaction will be rejected. Because the current transaction pool is a transaction that has not been recorded in the blockchain, and each input of the transaction should come from a confirmed UTXO. If found in the current transaction pool, it is a double spend transaction.
3) For each input in the transaction, its corresponding output must be UTXO.
4) Each input unlocking script (unlocking
) must work with the corresponding output locking script (locking
) to verify the compliance of the transaction.
5. Transaction priorityLevel
The priority of blockchain transactions is determined by the blockchain protocol rules. For Bitcoin, the priority of a transaction being included in a block is determined by the time it takes for the transaction to be broadcast to the network and the size of the transaction. As the time it takes for a transaction to be broadcast to the network increases and the chain age of the transaction increases, the priority of the transaction is increased and will eventually be included in the block. For Ethereum, the priority of a transaction is also related to the transaction fee that the publisher of the transaction is willing to pay. The higher the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay, the higher the priority of the transaction being included in the block.
6.Merkle proof
The original application of Merkle proof is the Bitcoin system (Bitcoin), which was described and created by Satoshi
Nakamoto in 2009. The Bitcoin blockchain uses Merkle proofs in order to store transactions in every block. This makes the transaction unable to be tampered with and makes it easy to verify whether the transaction is included in a specific block.
7.RLP
RLP (Recursive
Length
Prefix, recursive length prefix encoding) is a main encoding method for object serialization in Ethereum. Its purpose is to encode any nested A sequence of binary data is encoded.

IV What is blockchain technology?

1. Blockchain is a combination of data blocks that are connected sequentially in chronological order. A chained data structure and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

2. Blockchain is a historical record of transactions, very much like a database. A block in the chain is equivalent to a page in a book. Each page in the book contains: text, story, and each page has its own information: book title, chapter title, page number, etc.

3. In the blockchain, each block has: a header containing data about the block: such as technical information, references to the previous block, and information contained in the block a digital fingerprint (aka “hash”) of the data, and more. This hash is very important for ordering and block verification.

VI How blockchain technology empowers real industries

Now there are domestic companies that have implemented blockchain technology into actual industries. For example, Wanglian Technology has put blockchain technology into practice. The chain is applied to financial services, medical health, IP copyright, Internet of Things, sharing economy, communications, education,
social management, charity, culture and entertainment and other fields

Ⅶ What is blockchain technology What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order. And a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses blockchain-basedA data structure to verify and store data, use distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, use cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and use smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data. A new distributed infrastructure and computing method.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer composition. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; the consensus layer mainly encapsulates network nodes Various consensus algorithms; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, and is the core of the blockchain The basis of programmable features; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue Four technological innovations:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they all Can participate in supervising the legality of transactions and can also jointly testify for them.

The uniqueness of blockchain's distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, suitable for different applicationsUse scenarios to strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be the computing power and the number of shares. Or other characteristic quantities that the computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network

VIII What are the main technical features of blockchain?

“Blockchain is a kind of sharing Distributed database technology, its advantages are mainly reflected in three aspects: distributed decentralization, trustless system and non-tampering and encryption security."
1. The meaning of blockchain technology
District Blockchain technology is a technology that uses a decentralized consensus mechanism to maintain a complete, distributed, and non-tamperable ledger database. It allows participants in the blockchain to establish trust relationships without Implement a unified ledger system. Blocks are public ledgers and are maintained at multiple points; chains are stamped with timestamps and cannot be forged. Blockchain is essentially a technology that values ​​security and credibility over efficiency.
There is a database behind all current systems, which is a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. Now it’s whoever owns the system who keeps the accounts. Each bank’s account books are kept by each bank, and Alipay’s account books are kept by Alibaba. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are new transaction data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write the recorded content to the ledger, and Send the contents of the ledger during this period to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger.
Thus, the data becomes very secure. A tamperer needs to modify more than half of the system node data at the same time to truly tamper with the data. Such tampering is extremely costly, resulting in almost nopossible. For example, Bitcoin has been running for more than 7 years. Countless hackers around the world have tried to attack Bitcoin, but so far there have been no transaction errors. It can be considered that the Bitcoin blockchain has been proven to be a safe and reliable system. Therefore, it can be considered that blockchain technology is a way for all people to participate in accounting, and it will bring about innovation in accounting methods.

Ⅸ What is the impact and significance of blockchain technology on society

On the morning of November 8, 2019, the 2019 Trusted Blockchain Summit opened in Beijing. Wang Xinzhe, chief economist of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shang Bing, chairman of the Internet Society of China, attended the opening ceremony of the summit and delivered speeches.

Wang Xinzhe pointed out that a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation characterized by accelerated innovation and integration of information technology is booming. Blockchain technology is important for promoting high-quality economic development, improving national governance systems and The modernization level of governance capabilities is of great significance.

(9) Blockchain technology drives fa Extended reading:

Wang Xinzhe emphasized that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology attaches great importance to the development of the blockchain technology industry By creating a good development environment, guiding local governments to accelerate the pace of exploration, supporting breakthroughs in key core technologies, promoting the implementation of industry applications, and building a complete standard system, we support the development of the blockchain technology industry and consolidate the development foundation of China's blockchain field. .

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will accelerate the innovative development of the blockchain technology industry, vigorously promote the deep integration of blockchain and economy and society, and give full play to the role of blockchain technology in driving technological breakthroughs, driving economic development, and promoting It plays a strategic role in improving people's livelihood and promoting social progress, and makes positive contributions to the realization of the "Two Centenary Goals" and the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.