区块链常见问题汇总,区块链常见问题有哪些
在这个快节奏的生活中，区块链技术的出现让人们对未来充满期待。但是，在深入了解区块链之前，很多人都不知道区块链技术有哪些常见问题，本文将汇总常见的区块链问题，为大家解答这些疑惑。
首先，什么是区块链？区块链是一种分布式数据库，它是一个由多个节点组成的网络，每个节点都有一个完整的副本，可以实现数据的安全存储和分布式计算。区块链技术可以让不同的节点之间进行安全的数据传输，而且不需要中心化的机构，可以让用户之间的交易更加安全和可靠。
区块链技术有什么优势？区块链技术最大的优势在于其去中心化的特性，它可以让用户之间的交易更加安全和可靠，而且可以让多个节点之间进行安全的数据传输，这样可以更好地保护用户的隐私。此外，区块链技术还可以让交易更加快捷，可以大大减少交易的时间，而且可以节省大量的中间费用。
区块链技术有什么缺点？区块链技术的主要缺点在于它的复杂性，相比其他技术而言，区块链技术的学习成本比较高，而且它的开发成本也比较高，因此，对于一些小型企业来说，采用区块链技术可能不太现实。此外，由于区块链技术是一种新兴技术，因此它的安全性也可能存在一定的问题，所以在使用过程中需要注意安全。
区块链技术能够应用到哪些领域？区块链技术可以应用于金融、政府、医疗、物流、教育等多个领域。在金融领域，区块链技术可以用于实现资产的数字化，从而提高金融服务的效率，降低金融服务的成本；在政府领域，区块链技术可以用于政府数据的安全存储，从而实现政府数据的安全传输；在物流领域，区块链技术可以用于实现物流数据的安全存储，从而提高物流服务的效率；在医疗领域，区块链技术可以用于实现医疗数据的安全存储，从而提高医疗服务的效率。
以上就是区块链常见问题的汇总，希望能够帮助大家了解区块链技术，并正确使用它。
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① Is blockchain a scam?
Blockchain technology itself is not a scam, but it does not rule out that some people use blockchain as a cover to commit scams. Several problems exist in blockchain: 1. The problem of excessive blockchain size. With the development of blockchain, the volume of blockchain data stored by nodes will become larger and larger, and the storage and computing burden will become heavier and heavier. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the size of its complete data currently reaches about 71GB. If a user uses the Bitcoin Core client to synchronize data, it may not be possible to complete the synchronization for three days and three nights. Moreover, the data of the blockchain The volume is still increasing, which brings a great threshold to the operation of the Bitcoin Core client. 2. The problem of blockchain data confirmation time. The current blockchain system, especially the financial blockchain system, has the problem of long data confirmation time. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the current confirmation time of a Bitcoin transaction takes about 10 minutes. In the case of 6 confirmations, you need to wait for about 1 hour. Of course, for credit card transactions, the confirmation time is 2 to 3 days. Bitcoin has made great progress, but it is still far from the ideal state. 3. Dealing with the problem of transaction frequency The blockchain system faces the problem of too low transaction frequency. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the average size of each transaction is about 250 bytes. If the block size is limited to 1MB, the number of transactions that can be accommodated is 4,000. Calculated based on the rate of generating one block every 10 minutes, 144 blocks can be generated every day, which can accommodate 576,000 transactions. Divided by the number of seconds per day, 86,400, the Bitcoin blockchain can process a maximum of 6.67 transactions per second. Currently, the actual daily transaction volume on the Bitcoin blockchain is close to the system bottleneck (picture). If the expansion problem is not resolved, it may cause congestion and delays in a large number of transactions. Average number of transactions in Bitcoin blocks (Source: Block Yuan) In comparison, Paypal's overall number of transactions in the third quarter of 2013 was 729 million, with an average of 93.75 transactions per second. Information from the official website of VISA, the world's largest payment card, shows that VisaNet achieved a processing capacity of 47,000 transactions per second in a 2013 test. Compared with several major payment networks such as Alipay, the Bitcoin blockchain is more like a newborn baby in terms of transaction processing frequency. Of course, this was also an early deliberate design by Satoshi Nakamoto. The Bitcoin block size was limited to 1MB to avoid the malicious behavior of rogue miners and have a negative impact on people. The reason why the Bitcoin blockchain payment network The reason why it has grown to be worth billions of dollars today lies in its decentralization. 4. The development of blockchain is restricted by the current system. On the one hand, the decentralized and autonomous characteristics of blockchain dilute the concept of national supervision and have an impact on the current system. For example, digital currencies represented by Bitcoin not only pose a challenge to the country's right to issue currency, but also affect the transmission effect of monetary policy, weakening the central bank's ability to regulate the economy, causing monetary authorities to remain cautious about the development of digital currencies.. On the other hand, regulatory authorities also lack full understanding and expectations of this new technology, and the establishment of laws and systems may lag behind, resulting in a lack of necessary institutional norms and legal protection for economic activities related to the use of blockchain, which inadvertently increases reduce the risks of market entities. 5. The integration cost of blockchain technology and existing systems is relatively high. For any innovation, existing institutions must ensure that it can not only create economic benefits, but also comply with regulatory requirements and connect with traditional infrastructure. Especially when deploying a new basic system, the cost of time, manpower, and material resources is very large, and the resistance encountered within existing traditional organizations is also not small. Of course, the existence of problems cannot hinder the development of blockchain. The proposal and in-depth research of technologies such as simple payment verification, side chain, and lightning network protocols have provided ideas for solving the above problems.
Legal basis: "Criminal Law"
Article 266 [Crime of Fraud] Whoever defrauds public or private property, and the amount is relatively large, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or surveillance, and shall be concurrently or solely punished fine; if the amount is huge or there are other serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than ten years, and shall also be fined; if the amount is particularly huge or there are other particularly serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment and shall also be fined or Confiscation of property. If this law provides otherwise, the provisions shall prevail.
② Problems faced by blockchain
Main 2 issues
The first blockchain generally establishes decentralized security maintenance through an incentive system mechanism, but one disadvantage is that the general incentive system will issue coins, which is not supported in China
The second is the technical bottleneck. The TPS of blockchain is generally not high and cannot support the implementation of a large number of applications
1. Performance issues
Volume issues
Blockchain’s requirements for data backup and storage Space presents challenges. Blockchain requires that after a transaction is completed, it is broadcast to the entire network, and every node in the system must back up data.
Take Bitcoin as an example. The block data since the creation block has exceeded 60GB, and the amount of blockchain data is still increasing. This will bring problems to the operation of the Bitcoin Core client. A big challenge.
Processing speed issues
The Bitcoin blockchain currently processes a maximum of 6.67 transactions per second, and a confirmation time is about 10 minutes, which can easily cause congestion delays for a large number of transactions, which may Applications with small multiple transactions and highly time-sensitive transactions will be restricted.
Although there are some methods to overcome it, methods to comprehensively solve transaction efficiency still need to be discovered.
Energy consumption is too high
Thirdly, the computing power in the mining process does not produce additional actual social value, and also wastes a large amount of electronic resources. With the increasing popularity of currency, blockchain is graduallyIt has become a capital-intensive industry with high energy consumption.
2. Centralization problem
Inequality of nodes
First, in theory, every node in the distributed network should be treated equally , but in order to obtain rewards for mining, each node may increase its computing power to compete for hardware, resulting in node inequality and destroying the randomness of blockchain accounting rights.
Industrialized and large-scale mining has given rise to mining pools
Theoretically, if the mining pools collude to control more than 51% of the computing power for system supply, a dual Although the costs of payment far exceed the benefits in the actual process, the possibility of collusive supply cannot be denied.
3. Privacy and security issues
Private keys are easily stolen
First, the current blockchain uses an asymmetric key mechanism. It has high security, but the private key is stored locally and can be easily stolen by hackers.
The transparency of blockchain data can easily lead to privacy leaks
Every participant in the public chain can obtain a complete data backup, and the entire system is open and transparent. The currency protects privacy by isolating the connection between the transaction address and the holder’s true identity.
When the blockchain needs to carry more businesses, how nodes verify information and execute commands requires more consideration.
4. Upgrade and incentive issues
The number of participating nodes in the public chain is huge
Whether it is upgrading or fixing errors, the system cannot be shut down and centralized. , it may be necessary to consider relaxing the issue of decentralization.
There is a competitive game between each node
Requires the improvement of incentive compatibility mechanism, how to enable self-interested nodes in the decentralized system to spontaneously carry out block data verification And accounting work, and designing a reasonable penalty function to suppress irrational competition is another challenge faced by the blockchain.
④ What are the problems faced by enterprises in applying blockchain
1. What exactly do you want to accomplish?
Look carefully at your requirements and ask Do you really need blockchain? Do you need additional guarantees for the protocol provided by the blockchain, or do you just need a distributed database?
2. How much do you trust your partners?
Untrusted business partners can severely impact blockchain projects. Moreover, they may also affect the blockchain’s proof-of-work or proof-of-stake.
3. How public or open do you need to be?
Who needs to participate in your blockchain? There is a continuum between public blockchains and Bitcoin or Ethereum, The smallest, most carefully controlled blockchain. I can imagineSome special-purpose public blockchains, such as power microgrids. I can imagine blockchain in financial services serving only a small group of partners and being private in nature. A blockchain that only serves one organization may look like a blockchain, but it has no value.
4. What are your data integration issues?
The biggest issue facing enterprise blockchain may not be the protocol, but integrating all the data used by blockchain participants Legacy data formats and data structures. Healthcare blockchain is a good example. There are hundreds of medical record formats in use, and any medical blockchain will have to do some extra work to handle them. Any blockchain that spans enterprise boundaries (or even blockchains within enterprise boundaries) will need to deal with data integration issues that can be more difficult to solve than building the blockchain itself.
5. If you needed “miners”, who would they be and how would you compensate them?
In most current blockchains, including Bitcoin and In Ethereum, "miners" are all about validating the consistency of the blockchain and adding blocks. They won't do this work for free. Cryptocurrency ICOs are extremely popular, and it's easy to pay miners with cryptocurrency (after all, that's what Bitcoin and Ethereum do), but it's hard to imagine enterprise blockchain projects doing the same.
6. What are your performance requirements? How will you meet them?
The Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains currently process approximately 12 transactions per second. For many enterprise applications, this is too slow, by orders of magnitude. You need to think about what kind of performance you need, and how you're going to achieve it. There are many possible solutions, including Bitcoin’s Lightning Network, which replaces the computationally intensive “proof of work” performed by miners, and permissioned blockchains such as Hyperledger’s Fabric.
7. Are there any legal issues?
Recently, I saw several people asking whether blockchain applications can comply with GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) and others Regulation. This is undoubtedly uncharted territory. I think the answer is that blockchain cannot comply; the answer will depend on the data you store in the blockchain, how the data is used, and how private or public the blockchain is.
⑤ The main issues in the current development of blockchain technology
Currently, blockchain technology is still in a very early stage. Not only has it not yet formed a unified technical standard, but also various technical solutions Still developing rapidly. However, in the past, it was thought that systems based on blockchain technology would be very resource-consuming (similar to Bitcoin), or that blockchain technology systems would have limitations in processing data, and other problems have already achieved technological breakthroughs. However, there is no experience with the scalability of blockchain technology.It has passed large-scale practical tests, but now it is mainly still in the prototype design stage. In addition, the blockchain industry is extremely short of talents. If you want to learn about blockchain, you can go to Lianbo. A large amount of blockchain information is updated every day. There are also blockchain technology training and blockchain-related activities. If you are interested, you can go and have a look.
⑥ The blockchain industry is ushering in a new market trend. What are the bottlenecks in the development of the blockchain industry?
Blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigms that enable the sharing, replication, and authorization of distributed ledgers. It has the characteristics of multi-point consensus and is difficult to tamper with. It solves the problem of how to enable cross-institutional trust transactions in business networks, connecting all parties involved in financial services, and brings challenges of breaking down data silos and improving data quality. It has the potential advantages of security and lower transaction costs. Enhance risk control capabilities and have broad application prospects in the financial field. The blockchain industry is ushering in a new market trend, and there are some bottlenecks in the development of the blockchain industry. Only by breaking through these bottlenecks can we usher in the spring of blockchain. bring better development.
Finally, the development of blockchain technology will bring certain network security issues. We must pay attention to and solve information security and network security issues. Blockchain technology is not inherently secure. Any software system inevitably has defects and vulnerabilities, and will face attacks from the Internet. Poorly designed and poorly managed blockchain systems can be vulnerable to attack. In applications in the financial industry, data is an asset, so we should have a comprehensive understanding of the security of the blockchain, and first put security design and self-control first to avoid the occurrence of Bitcoin theft.
⑦ What are the current problems of the Ethereum blockchain ETH
The Ethereum blockchain currently exposes three major problems, and its founder Vitalik Buterin has been unable to interpret them for a long time. The first is the overall low performance and TPS of the Ethereum blockchain; the second is the lack of isolation of resources. The CryptoKitties virtual cat incident once occupied 20% of the entire Ethereum traffic, which directly caused the Ethereum network users to be unable to carry out timely operations. Transactions are the biggest pain point of not isolating resources; the third problem lies in the governance structure of Ethereum. As a decentralized distributed ledger, the blockchain has been too central in the past. The founder team has dominated the development of its network. The centralized governance model has led to the emergence of ETH, ETC, ETF and other forks in Ethereum, and the Ethereum community is currently in a state of fragmented governance. In the view of "aelf" founder and CEO Ma Haobo, the various shortcomings currently occurring in the Ethereum network are unacceptable. Therefore, the positioning of "aelf" was born to benchmark the next generation of decentralized underlying computing platform of Ethereum, focusing on solving the current problems of insufficient performance, lack of resource isolation, and governance structure of Ethereum.
⑧ BlockchainThe problem
Blockchain has certain uses, but it is by no means omnipotent.
There are two main problems with blockchain.
1 The blockchain cannot verify the authenticity of information outside the system. If the information uploaded to the blockchain itself is false, the anti-counterfeiting and anti-tampering of the blockchain will be worthless. To ensure that the uploaded information is authentic, there still needs to be an authoritative agency to check it. Since we all trust the information uploaded by this authoritative organization, why should we be afraid of it tampering with the information? What difference does it make if we use blockchain or not?
2 In the blockchain world, code is the law, and the system can run automatically. However, once it interacts with the real world, the real world may not necessarily agree with the law of the code. For example, if a contract is signed on the blockchain, it will be automatically executed when it expires, and assets will be transferred. However, if there is a bad guy in reality who does not execute the actual asset transfer in accordance with the contract on the blockchain, the contract will be a piece of paper. It is also necessary for the actual courts and other institutions to take action.
The first practical application of blockchain, Bitcoin, has such great influence because it can avoid the above two problems.
Bitcoin is completely self-contained. All information is generated within the Bitcoin system and is closed and verifiable. Bitcoin is not linked to any real assets, so it can be easily passed through The program runs automatically.
Because Bitcoin is completely virtual and operates entirely on procedures and rules, it has no borders, is not subject to regulatory control, does not require exchange, circulates freely, cannot be frozen or confiscated, is available to everyone, and will not be over-issued or devalued. , which is its advantage over legal currency.
However, because Bitcoin completely relies on fixed rules and procedures to operate automatically, the supply of Bitcoin is inelastic. If the private key is stolen, the property will be lost and cannot be recovered. This is why it Shortcomings.
Similarly, when using blockchain technology in reality, if we really pursue that code is the law and the private key proves everything, if the private key is stolen, the assets will inevitably be lost and cannot be recovered. For example, if shares are mapped to the blockchain, is it possible that if a major shareholder loses his private key, all his shares will become unusable? This is also an unavoidable problem with blockchain.
In summary, the real killer application of blockchain is actually cryptocurrency. Developing a currency-less blockchain is not that disruptive, and we must be wary of some scammers using the banner of blockchain to defraud money and subsidies.
#digital currency# #BTC[超话]#
⑨ You will understand what is blockchain if you understand these 9 questions
What is blockchain? You can understand by understanding these 9 questions
What is blockchain? What can blockchain do? How to make money with blockchain? I believe that in the face of this new term,Many netizens expressed their confusion. So how can we better understand blockchain and make this new technology available to us? The author has collected nine very common questions from the Internet. I hope that after reading this article, you will have a clearer understanding of blockchain.
Nearly omnipotent blockchain technology
Simply put, blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. Its core is distributed data, and the result is "decentralization." Blockchain technology can be applied to many scenarios in our lives. Next, let’s take a look at the analysis of blockchain technology!
1. Technology is a double-edged sword. While you are still using your mobile phone to play games, others are already using their mobile phones to make money every month! I want to try Jiaerwu Wuyi Wuba Lingyi Lacquer to make your mobile phone no longer a toy!
Just like nuclear energy is a physical technology, blockchain is an underlying technology at a technical level.
Nuclear energy can be used for atomic bombs and nuclear power generation. Similarly, blockchain can be used for the management of industries and life elements, which may make society more stable, or it may be used by bad guys as the fastest way to commit crimes. .
2. Talking about technical value apart from the application level is muddying the waters
As the underlying technology, blockchain has its application level and negotiation methods. Currently, some people talk about blockchain in terms of business models, some in terms of hardware, and some people talk about blockchain in terms of power distribution. It is gradually becoming clear in the market that blockchain is used in the design of technology combinations and business models, from hardware to software to business model to financial design and many other aspects. But not every blockchain can issue coins, and not every blockchain should issue coins.
3. Technology is decentralized, but the application is not necessarily
Blockchain technology is decentralized, but it can be decentralized or not in upper-layer applications. If it is applied to things, industries and projects that cannot be decentralized, it is not decentralized; if it is used to things where everyone can participate universally and have equal authority, then it can be decentralized.
Including coins on the blockchain, if a country adopts legal digital currency, the coins on the blockchain can also be centralized. The blockchain that supports the operation of Bitcoin is decentralized, but the alliance chain usually has one or more enterprises as the core control alliance, which becomes centralization.
Technology itself and what kind of business and political ecology the technology can support are completely different things.
4. What kind of people use what kind of tools
As a powerful tool, blockchain is powerful not only because of technology, but also because many talented people have invested in it. field, causing the energy of this technology to be amplified. As for whether the power of blockchain benefits society or cuts leeks? It is possible to make the world more turbulent or to make society more harmonious and beautiful.
Positively, therefore more kindnessMore people will come in and reach more consensus. With more legislation, restrictions and norms at the national level, we can eventually use this technology to give more people opportunities; on the negative side, more people who are greedy and regardless of morality will come in and do everything. It is possible that people in some countries and regions may even use this new technology to commit crimes and terrorism.
5. Blockchain promotes the globalization of civilians
Under the blockchain, the global connection space is closer. The 6-degree space will become 5 degrees or even 4 degrees in the future. Blockchain can inspire The growth of various communities. The globalization of interest groups will become inevitable, and there will be various international communities and summits in the future.
6. Blockchain facilitates co-creation
For example, in the past, the connection between international singers and ordinary people had to go through several barriers, including record companies, agents, sales channels, etc. In the blockchain era, international singers publish their songs under blockchain technology. Everyone has the possibility to become a partner of an international singer, write songs for the international singer, or purchase Tokens to obtain dividend rights from distribution proceeds, etc., and enjoy records. Proceeds from distribution and downloads.
7. Trust will become convenient and low-cost
The combined effect of artificial intelligence, big data and blockchain can resolve disputes at the factual level. The tamper-proof nature of the blockchain allows hundreds or even tens of thousands of machines to maintain the same data and encrypt it. Basic facts will be trustworthy. On this basis, the corresponding contracted and authorized information cannot be changed. Replace manual systems with machines, breaking the loopholes in manual operations, the possibility of cheating and even corruption, so that everyone's information can be confirmed to be authentic and trustworthy.
On this basis, if the trust level of the business system is good, trust between people will be enhanced in the process of implementing the designed system.
8． Interaction leads to creativity, and creativity generates income
Blockchain is a comprehensive ledger. Some exchanges are just ideas and creativity at the moment, but they may be the starting point of a certain career or even industry in the future. In the previous accounting system, there may not be value. However, under blockchain technology, values that are not yet seen can be recorded. If this leads to products, creative people can benefit. Various human activities may be valuable, creative, and worthy of recording.
Extended from this, a better application of blockchain can record creative related models, introduction of business opportunities, etc., and put valuable things in an ecosystem. Blockchain can create new ones. A cooperative approach.
9. There will be more legal supporting facilities in the future
The world of blockchain is not a disorderly world. Technology will be used by people, and people are rational.
Records can resolve various factual disputes, and can also cause more issues such as authorization rights, patent and creative copyright management, and many other issues. In the future, there will be more legal supporting systems to not only standardize and manage service consumption and life, but also to avoid related risks and problems, and to avoid and combat crime
