区块链说白了,区块链什么意思大白话

区块链，用大白话来说，就是一种分布式的数据存储技术，它将数据存储在网络中的多个节点，使数据具有去中心化、安全可靠的特性。

区块链的特点是，它不依赖于任何中心机构或个人，是一种去中心化的技术，它的数据是分布式存储的，不存在单一点的故障，因此更加安全可靠。

区块链的另一个特点是，它采用加密技术，使数据在传输和存储过程中受到保护，不易被篡改，从而保证数据的安全性。

此外，区块链还具有透明度和可追溯性，它可以让用户清楚地了解数据的来源和历史变更，从而更好地保护用户的权利。

总的来说，区块链是一种分布式存储技术，它具有去中心化、安全性、可追溯性、透明度等优点，为用户提供了更安全、可信赖的数据存储服务。

区块链技术的应用越来越广泛，它可以应用于金融、医疗、政务等各个领域，为用户提供更安全、可靠的数据存储服务，改善和提升人们的生活质量。

Ⅰ What is the concept of blockchain? What exactly is blockchain? Read it in three minutes!

On October 25, 2019, Xinwen Broadcast sent a very important signal: the country must vigorously develop blockchain. After that, blockchain has become an Internet celebrity, and the figure of "blockchain" is floating in the streets and alleys. In fact, many technology companies have already deployed blockchain technology.

Although blockchain is very popular, many people do not know much about blockchain.

What is blockchain?

Let’s first take a look at how Du Niang explained it. Network display: Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.

Why is blockchain called blockchain?

The blockchain is linked by blocks one by one, and the blocks are storage units one by one, which record the communication information of each block node. The blocks are much like the records of the database. Writing data every time creates a block. With the expansion of information exchange, one block continues with another, and the result is called a blockchain.

What are the characteristics of blockchain?

Blockchain mainly has the following characteristics:

1. Decentralization: In the blockchain system, every node has equal rights. and obligations, there is no central control here. Decentralization has well established trust relationships with each other. Although there is no central management organization, people can collaborate with each other and trust each other. This mainly applies blockchain distributed ledger technology.

2. Openness: Blockchain data is open to everyone. Except for some encrypted information that is not open, everyone can check the data here.

3. Independence: The entire blockchain system does not rely on other third parties. All nodes can automatically and securely verify and exchange data within the system without any human intervention.

4. Security: Blockchain has a certain degree of security and cannot be tampered with. Because everyone in the blockchain system has the same ledger, if someone wants to tamper with it, it is possible to forge a non-existent record only if they control more than 51% of the accounting nodes. Of course, this is basically impossible. This is mainly due to the core technology of the blockchain: the consensus mechanism. The consensus mechanism has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal".

5. Anonymity: Many people think that if the blockchain is so open and transparent, will we lose privacy? In fact, no, although the transaction information in the blockchain is open and transparent, the identity information of the account is encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization.

Now let me tell you a story to help you better understand the blockchain.

There are three people in the family, mom, dad, older brother and younger brother. Last year, my father was in charge of the family's account books. He was responsible for all the family's income and expenses alone.

However, on the day of Double Eleven, my mother, who has always been frugal, wanted to buy herself a beautiful piece of clothing on a certain online store. When she checked the account book, she found something was wrong. It stands to reason that except for some money deposited in banks and financial management, the whereabouts of the daily consumption money at home are all in this account book, but no matter how you look at it, it is wrong. Some consumption is clearly not recorded, but is recorded.

Later, my father took the initiative to confess that he couldn’t help but buy a pack of cigarettes.

Later, my mother changed her strategy and the whole family kept accounts. Everyone recorded their monthly consumption expenditure in their own account books. Whenever there was a transaction or consumption at home, my mother would shout, "Book it," and everyone would record the transaction in their own books. This is the decentralized accounting model, where everyone is the center and everyone has a ledger.

The previous accounting model for dad was centralized accounting. If dad wanted to do something alone, it would be difficult for anyone to see it. The decentralized accounting model has solved the problem of centralization very well. The disadvantage of bookkeeping is that it is very difficult for dad to tamper with the books.

For example, if my father wants to take some money from the ledger and secretly buy cigarettes, the amount of money is limited, and if he wants to take the money, he has to change the ledger, but he only tampered with his own ledger. No, he had to change the accounts of three people including himself. And this is undoubtedly more difficult than reaching the sky.

So, many times my father had the idea of ​​smoking, but he had no choice but to give up the idea due to the current situation.

Are blockchain and Bitcoin the same thing?

In fact, blockchain and Bitcoin are not the same thing. It is just the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Bitcoin is the first digital currency applied by blockchain.

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concept of blockchain. In the following years, it became a core component of the electronic currency Bitcoin, serving as a public account book for all transactions. Blockchain was first applied to Bitcoin.

The origin of blockchain is to solve the problem of trust, and one of the most successful applications of blockchain is digital currency. Bitcoin is arguably the most successful application of blockchain so far.

What are the applications of blockchain?

The application of blockchain is actually very wide. In addition to digital currency, the future applications of Bitcoin are still very extensive. Blockchain technology has been widely used in different industries. Such as product traceability, copyright protection andTransactions, payment and settlement, Internet of Things, digital marketing, medical care, etc., promote different industries to quickly enter the "blockchain+" era.

1. Payment and clearing: Blockchain can abandon the role of transit banks, realize point-to-point payment, reduce transit fees, and accelerate fund utilization.

2. Product traceability: For example, if we buy a piece of clothing on a certain store, we can see the past and present life of this piece of clothing.

3. Securities trading: Traditional securities trading requires the coordination of four major institutions, which is inefficient and costly. Blockchain technology can independently complete one-stop services.

4. Supply chain: Introducing blockchain technology into the supply chain system, synchronizing information within the system can control all links, better complete division of labor and collaboration, and facilitate subsequent accountability.

5. Intellectual property rights: With copyright on the chain, our photographic works, musical works, literary works, etc. will become our information, and the ownership of the information will be confirmed and become our property.

II How to explain what blockchain is?

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system
[1]
.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. The blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction and is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.
Let’s talk about the social or economic significance of blockchain. Many technologies in the past were actually dedicated to "productivity", such as artificial intelligence, which is an advancement in productivity. The blockchain has greatly improved production relations and is dedicated to production relations. So why do you say that?
Because the so-called production relations are actually how business is done between people and business partners. And these things are originally in the process of people's mutual cognition, and no special procedures are used to program or quantify them.
For example, if you and I are good friends now, we can do business. If someone provokes our relationship and we are no longer good friends, we will not do business. Even if we can make money by doing business, we will not do it. , because everyone no longer has any trust in each other.
As for the blockchain, it is actually because the data has been certified by various nodes and backed up at the same time, so my data is as authentic as possible and cannot be tampered with. So in this case, you believe my data, On this basis, you can make a program and then use this data to determine what kind of business cooperationThe "production relations" of cooperative and commercial cooperation are programmed. In this way, everyone believes in the data and the program compiled by the algorithm. And because you believe in the data and the program, you can develop various APPs based on this program. These APPs are the relationship of production and what kind of business you are going to do. This is: Blockchain is actually a reconstruction of "production relations".

Ⅲ What is blockchain in simple terms

Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. Essentially, it is a shared database. The data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeability", "whole process traceability", "traceability", "openness and transparency" and "collective maintenance". Based on these characteristics, blockchain technology has laid a solid foundation of "trust" and created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism, which has broad application prospects.
On January 10, 2019, the Cyberspace Administration of China issued the "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations". Blockchain has entered the public eye and become the focus of society. From a technological perspective, blockchain involves many technological issues such as mathematics, cryptography, the Internet, and computer programming.
Extended information:
From an application perspective, in short, blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which is decentralized, non-tampering, traceable, traceable, and collective. Maintenance, openness and transparency. These characteristics ensure the "honesty" and "transparency" of the blockchain and lay the foundation for establishing trust in the blockchain. The rich application scenarios of blockchain are basically based on the fact that blockchain can solve the problem of information asymmetry and achieve cooperation, trust and coordinated action among multiple entities.
Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism and encryption algorithm. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. Essentially, it is a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks associated with cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next data block [8]. In fact, the word blockchain does not appear in the original English Bitcoin white paper, but blockchain. In the Chinese translation of the earliest Bitcoin white paper [9], blockchain was translated into blockchain language. This is the earliest time when the Chinese word "blockchain" appeared.

IV What is blockchain

1. Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. . Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. As the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each The data block contains information about a batch of Bitcoin network transactions and is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.
2. "Blockchain" can not only recordEvery transaction can also be programmed to record almost anything of value to a human being: birth and death certificates, marriage licenses, title deeds, degrees, financial accounts, medical history, insurance claims, ballots, food sources, and anything else. Other things that can be expressed in code. Each block is like a hard disk that saves all the above information and then encrypts it through cryptography technology. The saved information cannot be tampered with.

IV What exactly is blockchain

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Simply put, blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger database.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. After reading this, you may still be confused. In fact, in vernacular terms, blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger database. The advantage of this distributed ledger is that buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary. Everyone has a backup, even if your copy is lost, it will not be affected.

So what is distribution and decentralization? Take marriage registration as an example. In the past, when two people got married, they had to go to the Civil Affairs Bureau to go through the formalities, and then enter the information into the computer to complete the legal process. What if we use blockchain technology? As long as two people agree to get married and post a message in their circle of friends, the marriage process is completed and there is no need to go to the Civil Affairs Bureau. Your friends are common witnesses. They may be scattered around the world, but their mobile phones will help you record the information and tell others who want to know the situation.

If you want to conceal your marriage information, you used to have to modify the records on the Civil Affairs Bureau's computer, but now you have to modify the records on the mobile phones of all insiders at the same time. The more people who know about it, the less likely it is to modify it. Therefore it is an impossible task. This is distribution and decentralization.

On the network, every once in a while, a block will be generated. This block is equivalent to a network record book, which is used to record relevant information that has occurred over a period of time. Waiting for this record book When the record is full, a new record book will be generated. Once the information is recorded, all participants will be notified and everyone's record book will be updated simultaneously.

These record books are eventually connected in series with each other. This is blockchain technology. Because of the use of cryptography technology, if someone wants to unilaterally tamper with the message, it will be verified through the blockchain algorithm protection mechanism. If the time point does not match and the related information does not match, other people will not update their record books. Then this information is invalid.

Therefore, compared with traditional information storage technology, blockchain technology is more secure, transparent, and information is irreversible.

BlockchainIt is not equal to Bitcoin, it is just an underlying technology invented to realize the digital currency of Bitcoin. Blockchain can be applied in a wider range. In addition to digital currency, it can also be applied in financial aspects such as P2P lending, global payment, micro-finance, electronic payment, remittance, etc. It can also be used in people's livelihood aspects such as intellectual property, elections, and notarization. The prospects for future development are huge.

VI What exactly is the blockchain?

What exactly is the blockchain? In essence, blockchain is a distributed, decentralized network database system that will make the storage, update, maintenance, and operation of data different. Blockchain has four indispensable core technologies, namely: distributed storage, consensus mechanism, cryptography principles, and smart contracts.

Then let’s talk about how blockchain is different from traditional data processing to help everyone understand what blockchain is and give everyone a general understanding of blockchain. Cognition.

1. Data storage in blockchain: block chain data structure

In terms of data storage, blockchain technology utilizes "block chain data structure" To verify and store data.

What does the blockchain structure mean? Everyone has seen an iron chain, with one link within another. In fact, each link can be regarded as a block, and many links are linked together to form a blockchain.

How does this so-called "iron chain" store data? To put it simply, the difference between blockchain and ordinary stored data is that on blockchain, the data in the next block includes the data in the previous block.

Take reading as an example: when we read a book, we finish page 1, then page 2, page 3...
What about in the blockchain? If each block is marked with a page number, then the content on page 2 contains the content on page 1, the content on page 3 contains the content on page 1 and page 2...Page 10 contains The content of the first 9 pages is such a chain nested layer by layer. In this way, the most original data can be traced back. This is the traceability of the blockchain.

The "blockchain data structure" of blockchain makes it traceable, which is naturally suitable for many fields, such as: food traceability, drug traceability, etc. In this way, the probability of tainted milk powder, fake vaccines, and fake and substandard food incidents will be greatly reduced, because once a problem occurs, through traceability, we can clearly know which link caused the problem, and accountability and recovery will be clearer.

2. Data update in the blockchain: distributed node consensus algorithm

In terms of data update, blockchain technology uses the "distributed node consensus algorithm" to Generate and update data.

Every time a new block is generated (that is, when data is updated), an algorithm needs to be used to obtain the approval of more than 51% of the nodes in the entire network to form a new block. To put it bluntly, it is a vote, and it can be generated if more than half of the people agree, which makes the data on the blockchain non-tamperable.

Why do you say that? Let’s make an analogy: we compare the blockchain to a ledger, because it records data. In the traditional world, the bookkeeping power lies with the bookkeeper, and the ledger belongs to the bookkeeper alone. So in the blockchain, everyone owns this account book. If you want to update the account, you must vote. Only if more than half of the people agree can you update the account data.

In this process, we will involve several terms: distributed, node, consensus algorithm. These terms are actually very easy to understand:

Everyone Accounting (that is, everyone has a ledger, and the ledger is scattered in everyone's hands) is the so-called "distributed";

The accounting method that everyone discusses, votes for, and unanimously agrees on is The so-called "consensus algorithm";

Every person participating in accounting is a so-called "node".

3. Data maintenance in blockchain: cryptography

In the data maintenance stage, the difference of blockchain is that it uses cryptography to Ensure the security of data transmission and access.

The cryptographic principles applied in the blockchain mainly include: hash algorithm, Merkle hash tree, elliptic curve algorithm, and Base58. These principles actually ensure data security on the blockchain through a series of complex operations and conversions.

4. Data operations in the blockchain: smart contracts

A smart contract is a commitment agreement defined and automatically executed by a computer program. To put it bluntly, it is executed with code A set of transaction rules, similar to the current automatic repayment function of credit cards. If you turn this function on, you don't have to worry about anything. The bank will automatically deduct the money you owe when it expires.

The outstanding advantage of smart contracts is that they largely avoid a series of problems caused by trust.
Many of us have encountered the situation of being borrowed money: a friend who is short of money borrows 2,000 yuan from you and promises to pay back the money after the salary is paid next month, but next month he finds other excuses. Also, dragging this matter around would be pointless. We didn't have much money, but we were still friends. Even though you were depressed, let it go.

Then, after having a smart contract, he cannot default on his debt, because in the smart contract, once the terms in the contract are triggered, the code will automatically execute, whether he wants it or not, as long as he sends Once you have earned your salary and have money in your account, he has to pay you back.

To summarize the contents of this section, there are four indispensable core technologies in the blockchain, namely: distributed storage, consensus mechanism, cryptography principles, and smart contracts.

We can understand it this way: distributed storage corresponds to the data storage stage, the consensus mechanism corresponds to the data processing and update stage, cryptography corresponds to data security, and smart contracts correspond to data operational issues.