区块链的应用有什么局限性吗,区块链的应用有什么局限性和特点

如今，区块链技术已经广泛应用于金融、政府、医疗健康等领域，它的特点是：安全、可信、去中心化等。但是，区块链的应用也有一些局限性，下面我们就来讨论一下。

首先，区块链技术没有完全可靠的安全技术。尽管区块链具有分布式账本技术，但它仍然存在安全漏洞，比如51%攻击，双花攻击等。因此，如果要在区块链上进行重要的交易，必须采取相应的安全措施来防范攻击。

其次，区块链技术的发展速度较慢，目前区块链技术仍处于发展初期，而且技术的发展速度远远落后于其他技术。因此，区块链技术的应用受到了一定的限制。

此外，区块链技术的成本也是一个局限性。由于区块链技术的复杂性，其硬件和软件成本都很高，这就限制了区块链技术的应用范围。

最后，区块链技术的实施也存在一定的障碍。由于区块链技术的复杂性，参与者需要具备一定的技术知识，而且由于技术的复杂性，实施起来也比较困难。

总而言之，区块链技术的应用存在一定的局限性，主要有：安全性不够可靠、发展速度较慢、成本较高、实施较为困难等。但是，随着技术的发展，这些局限性也会逐渐减少，从而更好地应用区块链技术。

总结：区块链技术的应用有一定的局限性，主要有安全性不够可靠、发展速度较慢、成本较高、实施较为困难等。但是，随着技术的发展，这些局限性也会逐渐减少，从而更好地应用区块链技术。

1. What are the challenges in the application of blockchain technology in the Internet of Things?

What are the challenges in the application of blockchain technology in the Internet of Things
Block The challenges of blockchain in the Internet of Things include but are not limited to the following three points:
1. The deployment and implementation of the blockchain are jointly participated by multiple nodes, but the storage and computing capabilities of the Internet of Things nodes have certain limitations. limitation. Therefore, the deployment of blockchain technology in IoT nodes, whether the blockchain architecture is hierarchical, and issues that need to be strengthened in existing blockchain technology all need to be taken into consideration.
2. The Internet of Things will be real-time, and the blockchain consensus mechanism generally has delay problems. Therefore, consensus delay may cause feedback delay and alarm delay, which cannot meet the needs of existing IoT applications and requires further technical improvements.
3. The current application of blockchain in the Internet is only carried out within a certain range and limited nodes. Once blockchain is applied to the Internet of Things, the number of nodes will increase exponentially, and its frequent relational data query requests will pose a very severe challenge to the existing chained data architecture.
In today's society, new technologies and industries are emerging around the world, and network technology is being transformed into productivity at an unprecedented speed. The development prospects of the Internet of Things are broad, but it faces many historical opportunities and challenges; the application of blockchain in the Internet of Things can, to a certain extent, solve the problems and new needs faced by the Internet of Things.

2. What are the invisible pain points of blockchain?

Started in 2017, the concept of blockchain that has spread throughout society and around the world is still heating up, attracting people and Social funds poured in; boosting the sharp rise in the prices of Bitcoin and similar online "encrypted digital currencies" (such as Ethereum, Litecoin, etc.), creating many myths of "getting rich overnight". There are increasing claims that digital currency and blockchain will subvert tradition and profoundly change the world. Blockchain entrepreneurship and development seem to be coming like a tsunami, but they are increasingly concentrated in coinage and speculation, and are increasingly falling into the "Bitcoin blockchain" thinking and paradigm of mining and coinage. Extricate yourself.

In fact, some central banks do believe that online digital currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum may represent the development direction of the online world, and they must keep up with the trend and seize the lead in digital currencies. In order to form an influence and compete for the right to speak in the online world, they began to invest resources in designing their own digital currency imitating Bitcoin and Ethereum. However, since the biggest feature of online digital currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum is "decentralization", this has a fundamental conflict with the "centralized" digital currency itself led by a country's central bank and is difficult to coordinate. Moreover, even if the central bank can imitate Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc. to design a new currency system that is different from legal currency, it will be difficult for this currency system to completely replace the existing legal currency system overnight or even in a short period of time, which means As a country will have two sets of currency systems in parallel for a long time, this will make the monetary authorities face huge challenges and risks. If they are not careful, they willIt may cause chaos in the monetary system and trigger violent turbulence in financial operations, which is very dangerous. Therefore, after several years of arguments and attempts, some central banks announced that they would stop research on digital currencies. The People's Bank of China has also gradually made it clear that the digital currency led by the central bank is not a new network encrypted digital currency like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Generally speaking, it is still fully utilized under the existing legal currency and its operating system (including commercial banks). Various technologies, including blockchain, further enhance the digitization of legal currency, mainly replacing currency cash (M0) without the need for "mining" to generate it.

It can be seen that completely sticking to the "Bitcoin blockchain" paradigm does not have much value and room for development. The development of blockchain needs to jump out of the "Bitcoin blockchain" thinking and paradigm! The seemingly perfect mining and coin-making blockchain is not perfect, stop fooling yourself.

3. What consensus mechanisms are currently used in the blockchain? What are their respective advantages, disadvantages and scope of application?

There are currently four main types of consensus mechanisms: Pow, Pos, DPos, Pool
1. Pow workload proof is the familiar mining. Through AND or operation, a random number that meets the rules is calculated, that is, the accounting right of this time is obtained, and the data that needs to be recorded in this round is sent out. After verification by other nodes in the network, they are stored together;
Advantages: Complete decentralization, nodes can enter and exit freely;
Disadvantages: At present, Bitcoin has attracted most of the world’s computing power, and other blockchains use the Pow consensus mechanism. It is difficult for applications to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; mining causes a lot of waste of resources; the cycle to reach consensus is long and is not suitable for commercial applications

2. Pos equity proof, one of Pow An upgraded consensus mechanism; according to the proportion and time of tokens held by each node, the mining difficulty is reduced in an equal proportion, thereby speeding up the speed of finding random numbers.
Advantages: It shortens the time to reach consensus to a certain extent
Disadvantages: It still requires mining, which essentially does not solve the pain points of commercial applications

3. DPos share authorization certification mechanism , similar to board voting, currency holders vote for a certain number of nodes to perform verification and accounting on their behalf.
Advantages: Significantly reduce the number of nodes participating in verification and accounting, and can achieve second-level consensus verification
Disadvantages: The entire consensus mechanism still relies on tokens, and many commercial applications do not require the existence of tokens
br />
4. Pool verification pool, based on traditional distributed consistency technology, plus data verification mechanism; it is a consensus mechanism currently used in a wide range of industry chains
Advantages: No tokens are required It can work and achieve second-level consensus verification based on mature distributed consensus algorithms (Pasox, Raft);
Disadvantages: The degree of decentralization is not as good as bictoin; more suitable for multi-center business models with multi-party participation
>
When using the consensus mechanism, ensureThe huge advantage in ensuring data consistency (the consensus mechanism was first proposed by Ripple, a network transaction synchronization mechanism that prioritizes data correctness. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, you cannot enter the network if you cannot obtain consensus, let alone bifurcated).
————————————————
PS: A little self-deprecating, although the consensus mechanism can definitely ensure that no hard fork will occur at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is also obvious, that is, it takes much longer to achieve consensus with other nodes than the current Bitcoin network. In extreme cases, the consequences of being disconnected in the Ripple consensus mechanism network are also terrifying.

It is possible that your home has a power outage for one day, and the entire system will no longer be able to achieve consensus with other Rippled nodes the next day (the consensus mechanism actually requires more than 80% of the nodes to recognize your data, your Submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise the connection will be exclusively refused), and you can even only clear all more than 500 GB of your data and resynchronize before you can connect to other Ripple nodes.

So currently, the existing Rippled end is not suitable for civilian use (for commercial use, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own Rippled node is hosted in the Amazon cloud data center. If it does not respond for a long time, it can be very high. The amount of compensation is claimed, and that kind of place is almost uninterrupted except for major disasters). This is also one of the aspects that RL has always wanted to improve.

4. What challenges does the blockchain currently face?

What challenges does the blockchain currently face
At this stage, application projects in the blockchain field are mainly divided into There are two aspects: one is new business models that are more compatible with blockchain technology, such as cross-border payments, supply chain finance, product traceability and other scenarios; the other is applications based on reform of existing centralized businesses, that is, the use of Token economic incentive mechanism.
With the development of technology, the number of application projects in this field is expanding rapidly. Many people believe that 2018 will be the year when blockchain will truly integrate with the real economy and explode. However, blockchain technology is still in its early development stage and faces challenges including the regulatory environment, lack of talent, and technical awareness.

From a technical perspective, applying blockchain technology to actual industry scenarios requires solving issues such as transaction speed, data consensus, and node maintenance. The current Bitcoin network can only process seven transactions per second, and the leading Hyperledger technology can only reach the level of 200 to 300 transactions; compared with the centralized system that can process tens of thousands of transactions per second, there is still a gap. Large distances. In addition, the current lack of relevant incentive mechanisms in the field makes it difficult for participating nodes to operate in an orderly manner. From a regulatory perspective, although most countries are actively embracing blockchain technology, there are currently no relatively complete regulatory regulations and industry standards. Inappropriate regulatory measures may hinder the innovation of such emerging technologies.develop.
Affected by various factors such as the underlying technology that needs to be further matured, the lack of smart contract public chain platforms, the lack of ecological compatibility of various Tokens, and unclear government supervision; at this stage, the implementation of blockchain application projects is relatively slow. It shows that the quality of projects varies greatly. For this reason, analysts said that compared with general-purpose blockchains, what will achieve breakthroughs in the short term may be focused blockchains for specific scenarios and applications.

5. What are the shortcomings of blockchain technology?

At present, blockchain technology still has low performance, low transaction frequency per unit time, and technical application in practical applications. There are many problems such as the lack of ecological environment, insufficient relevant application cases, and the rampant scammers under the guise of blockchain.

6. Briefly discuss the major applications of blockchain and which ones are pitfalls

What can blockchain do? Blockchain, a great technology that accompanied the birth of Bitcoin, is currently being used in the financial field to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency, which is enough to excite Wall Street. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Its potential applications are very broad and will subvert every aspect of our lives in the future.

The Internet is an information network, with 0s and 1s flowing in it. Blockchain is a value network, and its role is to transmit value, unlike the Internet for data transmission.

Speaking of value transfer, there is a very simple scenario, such as payment, I have 100 yuan in hand, and I want to transfer it to the group. I can use WeChat red envelopes or WeChat transfers. Here During the transaction process, a third party is required to participate, and the transmission method of the blockchain is point-to-point transmission, which does not require any intermediate node. This is a very big difference between the blockchain and our existing architecture.

When it comes to peer-to-peer payments, many people will think of Bitcoin, because most people know blockchain from Bitcoin. What is the difference between blockchain and Bitcoin?

Blockchain is the technology behind Bitcoin; blockchain is a basic technical architecture that designs and implements an autonomous system with multi-party participation through a specific data structure and consensus algorithm.

The specific data structure is actually the name blockchain itself, that is, its data is placed in data blocks one by one, and then these data blocks are connected and implemented using a chain. "Consensus algorithm" is a very important concept in blockchain. Without synchronic algorithm, there would be no meaning of blockchain.

Introduction to Bubi Blockchain

Bubi Blockchain has been focusing on the R&D and innovation of blockchain technology and products since its establishment, and has a number of core technologies. It has made substantial innovations in many aspects and formed a number of core technological achievements, such as mathematically provable distributed consensus technology, fast large-scale ledger access technology, and multi-chain general ledger technology that supports business expansion.technology, interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains, etc. On April 25, "Gege Points" introduced the concept of blockchain into the points system, jointly opened it up with multiple parties, issued and redeemed points, and promoted the circulation of points. Each cooperative institution can jointly participate in transaction verification, ledger storage, and real-time settlement; the third-party payment platform of the enterprise points issuer makes the entry and exit of points more flexible. Bubi has developed its own basic blockchain service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, points, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with decentralized trust as the core, allowing digital assets to flow freely.

Having said that, let’s analyze the difference between blockchain and Bitcoin?

1. Essential difference. For the world, Bitcoin is a digital currency based on cryptography, while blockchain, as we just said, is a value transfer protocol. There is an essential difference between the two, because one is a digital currency. , one is a value transfer protocol.

2. Algorithm. Bitcoin's consensus algorithm is based on a working algorithm called proof of work, POW. There are many different consensus algorithms in the blockchain. It can use either the Bitcoin POW algorithm, the POS algorithm, or the DPS algorithm.

3. Transaction speed. Bitcoin is limited to a maximum of seven transactions per second. Please note that what is mentioned here is the maximum and not the average, because this is a very strict definition. For the blockchain, the number of transactions per second can actually reach tens of thousands or more, so this is also One major difference between blockchain and Bitcoin. Because many people will be confused and say that the transaction speed of the blockchain is seven transactions per second. This is wrong. This is a limitation of Bitcoin. The blockchain can reach very high speeds based on its different consensus algorithms and linking methods. Transaction speed.

4. Link form. Bitcoin is a blockchain based on the Internet, which means we call it a public chain. The blockchain can be in the form of a public chain, a private chain, or a consortium chain.

5. Limitations. It is recommended that everyone not touch some digital currencies related to blockchain. What's the reason? Bitcoin is a digital currency. Although it has very good and different characteristics, it does not comply with financial supervision. In other words, these 21 million Bitcoins were issued without national authorization and without national credit as a multiple. was released below. The blockchain also has some limitations. Although it is just a protocol and a technology, it is still a new technology in its infancy.

To summarize, blockchain is a relatively low-level protocol and a technical infrastructure, on which there are various consensus algorithms. If the blockchain is 1, the consensus algorithm may be 10 to 20, but the applications on it may be one thousand or two thousand, or more, that isIt means that Bitcoin is just one implementation among many blockchain applications. Therefore, Bitcoin and blockchain cannot be equated. Bitcoin is only a very elementary implementation of blockchain.

What can blockchain do? Blockchain problem? In the bill market, digital bills based on blockchain technology can become a safer, smarter, and more convenient bill form. Point-to-point transactions realized with the help of blockchain can break the existing functions of bill intermediaries and realize the disintermediation of bill value transfer; the construction and data storage of digital bill systems do not require a central server, eliminating the need for the development of central applications and access systems. costs, reducing the maintenance and optimization costs of the system under the traditional model, and reducing the risks caused by system centralization; based on the non-tamperability of information on the blockchain, once the transaction is completed, there will be no default, thereby avoiding "one Behaviors such as "selling too many tickets" and out-of-synchronization of payment and endorsement effectively prevent risks in the bill market. The securities trading market is also an area where blockchain technology has great potential. The current traditional securities trading model has the shortcomings of long transaction processes, low transaction efficiency, and high comprehensive costs. In addition, there are strong intermediaries and regulatory agencies, and the rights of financial consumers are often not protected. Applying blockchain technology, buyers and sellers can be directly matched through smart contracts, and the efficiency of transaction execution can be greatly improved. Settlement and delivery can be automatically realized through a distributed digital registration system. Since the data entered into the block is irreversible and can be copied to each data block within a short period of time, the information entered into the blockchain actually has a publicity effect, so the occurrence of the transaction and the confirmation of ownership will not occur. dispute.

What can blockchain do? Blockchain problem? Although there is no mature underlying blockchain technology platform solution currently, technical problems such as capacity scalability, privacy protection, inability to settle on a net basis, and non-recourse after the fact also need to be solved, and large-scale application of blockchain Technology also requires redesigning IT architecture and reengineering business processes, but these are only technical issues. The real test of blockchain technology taking root and growing in the financial field is the ontology of regulatory agencies and financial institutions. Will the inherent "deregulation" and "decentralization" characteristics of blockchain make market entities have no motivation to drive technology? Innovation. However, since the blockchain is a technology based on mathematical algorithms, the establishment of a trust relationship between transaction parties does not require the use of intermediaries or authoritative centers at all, and the cost of establishing a trust relationship is almost zero (when the blockchain financial infrastructure and ancillary infrastructure are established (under the premise), and the blockchain code is open source and open, without geographical restrictions, and the network pattern is distributed and interconnected, laying a technical foundation for the establishment and development of inclusive finance and shared finance in the future, and creating material conditions for global financial integration and unification. From this point of view alone, blockchain technology will surely establish a core position in future financial development, and it will rely on and complement each other to win the future.