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❶ Various scams emerge in endlessly in today’s life. Let’s take a look at the common scams in life
Part-time scams;
The truth about the latest scams, Taking stock of various common scams in life, criminals promise to return the principal and pay commissions after swiping consumption records on various online platforms. The victim is quickly rewarded after completing the first few tasks, and when more tasks are completed, the cheater disappears. The truth about the scam: Job seekers should not believe in "high commission" or "advance payment" and other part-time jobs on the Internet, and do not believe in job advertisements that do not have a fixed phone number or office address.
Blockchain has turned into a pyramid scheme scam;
The latest truth about scams, taking stock of various common scams in life, recently, a Photos of Chinese aunts posing at a blockchain conference went viral on WeChat Moments, with netizens commenting that aunties are being targeted by the blockchain. Since this year, some criminals have carried out pyramid schemes under the banner of blockchain finance, becoming one of the latest variants of pyramid schemes. With the development of blockchain technology, various virtual currencies have emerged, many of which are scams. Scammers who engage in virtual currency carry out pyramid schemes in the name of "virtual currency" and "blockchain". They mainly capture the mentality of ordinary investors who do not understand virtual currency and blockchain, but hope to catch up with the virtual currency investment boom. Its scams are often sophisticated and investors can easily fall for them. And it is difficult to recover one’s investment after being defrauded. The truth about the scam: Experts remind that various virtual currency platforms generally promote technologies such as "blockchain" and "decentralization", and some are named after international organizations, multinational financial groups, etc., which is extremely confusing. Middle-aged and elderly friends must invest cautiously, and it is best not to get involved in unfamiliar investment areas.
❷ What is the main way to ensure the security of blockchain?
Blockchain technology is a distributed recording technology that encrypts and distributes data. storage to ensure data security and reliability.
The security of the blockchain is mainly ensured through the following methods:
1. Encryption technology: The blockchain uses symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption algorithms, which can effectively protect the security of data.
2. Distributed storage: Blockchain data is not stored centrally on a single node, but is stored dispersedly on various nodes in the network, which effectively prevents data tampering and loss.
3. Consensus mechanism: Blockchain usually uses a consensus mechanism to confirm the legitimacy of transactions, which helps prevent malicious transactions from occurring.
4. Contract mechanism: Blockchain can automatically execute transactions through smart contracts, which helps prevent manipulation of transactions.
Blockchain technology also brings some challenges while achieving security. For example, the security of the blockchain can be attacked by vulnerabilities, or assets can be stolen because private keys are leaked. Therefore, when using blockchain technology, you also need to pay attention to issues such as identity authentication and password security to ensure the security of the blockchain.
In addition, the security of blockchain technology may also be affected by policies, regulations, etc.aspects of the impact. For example, in some countries and regions, blockchain technology may be subject to censorship and restrictions, which may also have an impact on the security of the blockchain.
In general, the security of blockchain technology is mainly guaranteed through encryption technology, distributed storage, consensus mechanism and contract mechanism, but other challenges and influencing factors need to be paid attention to.
❸ Does blockchain have compliance risks?
Yes, the application of blockchain technology may involve compliance risks.
First of all, in some countries and regions, governments or regulatory authorities may take different stances on digital currencies and other assets based on blockchain technology, and there will be a certain degree of legal, compliance and policy risks. . For example, some countries restrict or prohibit the use of digital currencies and other Bitcoin or blockchain derivatives. Therefore, when choosing the scope of application of blockchain technology, the local legal and regulatory environment needs to be considered.
Secondly, there are trust issues between participants in private chains or alliance chains, and there are also compliance risks in the construction of trust mechanisms. For example, in the financial field, banks or other financial institutions need to consider which trust model to use when using blockchain technology to comply with social ethics and potential legal requirements. For money-related transactions, legal requirements such as anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism must also be met.
In addition, due to the immutable and public nature of blockchain technology, it may inadvertently leak personal privacy, business secrets and other confidential information, causing privacy data leaks and security risks.
Therefore, enterprises and technology companies should carefully assess potential compliance risks and formulate appropriate compliance security measures, such as complying with legal and regulatory requirements, establishing a sound privacy protection mechanism, and strengthening privacy data protection in multiple dimensions. To ensure compliance and data security of blockchain technology applications.
❹ What epic vulnerabilities did 360 discover in the blockchain?
According to news on May 29, recently, the Vulcan team of 360 Company discovered a vulnerability in the blockchain platform EOS. A series of high-risk security vulnerabilities. It has been verified that some of these vulnerabilities can remotely execute arbitrary code on EOS nodes, that is, they can directly control and take over all nodes running on EOS through remote attacks.
Blockchain network security risks require urgent attention
EOS is a new blockchain platform called "Blockchain 3.0". The currency market value is as high as 69 billion yuan, ranking fifth in the world in market value.
In the blockchain network and digital currency system, there are many attack surfaces in nodes, wallets, mining pools, exchanges, smart contracts, etc. The 360 security team has previously discovered and exposed multiple attacks against Serious security vulnerabilities in digital currency nodes, wallets, mining pools, and smart contracts.
The series of new security vulnerabilities discovered by the 360 Security Team in the smart contract virtual machine of the EOS platform are a series of unprecedented security risks. No security researchers have discovered such problems before. thisThis type of security issue not only affects EOS, but may also affect other types of blockchain platforms and virtual currency applications.
360 expressed the hope that through the discovery and disclosure of this vulnerability, the blockchain industry and security peers will pay more attention and attention to the security of such issues, and jointly enhance the security of the blockchain network. Safety.
Content source: The Paper
❺ Several people around me have been deceived by blockchain
Nowadays, the concept of "blockchain" is very popular, and blockchain scams are also coming. Many people who dream of getting rich overnight are brought into the "cage" because of their ignorance and become "leeks". Harvest.
Trap 1: Blockchain is about issuing coins to make money
Fraud tricks
Blockchain is an epoch-making technological change. This is to guide you through The last train on the road to wealth and freedom. If you miss ten thousand times of Bitcoin, do you still want to miss ten thousand times of XXX coins? ××× currency, Bitcoin is even more awesome, its potential is unlimited! Today, if you invest in our ××× coins, you can quickly achieve financial freedom.
The truth
Equating "blockchain" with "issuance of currency" is a stolen concept. Blockchain is a technology, and currency issuance is an act derived from blockchain technology. At present, the vast majority of blockchain applications that focus on issuing and speculating coins are suspected of illegal fund-raising.
Trap 2: Buying coins with the promise of high returns
Fraud routine
If you miss ten thousand times of Bitcoin, you will also miss ten thousand times of ××× coins ? ×××coin is more powerful than Bitcoin, and its potential is infinite!
The truth
From directly setting up a website to sell coins and collect money, to cloning Bitcoin and renaming junk altcoins, to the so-called ICO... In recent years, scammers have We are also advancing with the times and upgrading technology. However, the core of these routines will always remain the same - I can make you rich overnight. But the key point is that if the rewards were really that great, I would have made a fortune long ago. How could it be your turn to be a non-relative? You are not his father!
Trap Three: Decentralization can solve all problems
Fraud Routine
Join us, decentralized blockchain will change the world! We currently live in a centralized world: when you transfer money from the bank, you need to transfer it from the central system; when you make suggestions to the company, you need to report to the supervisor first... If it is decentralized, you can bypass the center and directly Do what you want to do, and there will no longer be a center to constrain you. Isn't this a way to change the world?
The truth
Decentralization is one of the most valuable features of the blockchain, but this feature is achieved by sacrificing its network efficiency, which not only decentralizes but also improves efficiency. There is currently no perfect solution. Moreover, decentralized applications are not suitable for all fields. It is a misunderstanding and trap to regard decentralization as "universal".
Trap 4: Having a white paper means practical application
Fraud tactics
In order to gain the trust of the masses, scammers will often produce a white paper and promote: “It is unrealistic. There is no use in dreaming. We are a project with real applications. And we have released our own white paper."
In the white paper presented, all members of the founding team have overseas senior Academic qualifications, won a certain award; the technology of the project is described as very mature and has been applied. However, most of the white paper is written in English, and some technical terms are also difficult to understand.
The truth
In fact, if you look online, you will find that the academic qualifications of many team members are lies. In addition, blockchain technology is still in its early stages, and it is difficult to implement its applications. If you rely solely on a white paper to claim that there is an application, it is a kind of deception in itself.
Trap Five: Celebrity Platform is a Good Project
Fraud Routine
Some people say that blockchain applications are difficult, but our project is different from others. It is obviously better than other projects, which can be seen from the background strength behind us. You see, here are the famous investors ××× and ×××. They are blockchain technology experts and are very well-known in the industry. You can check their information online and you will know how powerful they are.
The truth
Looking for celebrity platforms has become a common fraud routine for many "blockchain scams". Because he doesn't have much strength, he can only rely on celebrities to "support the scene." Moreover, the possibility of celebrities being "touched" is not ruled out.
Trap 6: You can make money just by having a mining machine
Fraud routine
In addition to buying our tokens, you can also buy our mining Machine, lie down and make money. Our tokens can be produced through this mining machine, and when the tokens are circulated in the market, we can wait for appreciation and make money.
The truth
First of all, mining with a mining machine requires costs, it consumes a lot of electricity, and the electricity cost is very high. Secondly, although you can get some tokens through mining, the price of the tokens will continue to fluctuate, and you may lose a lot of money.
In addition, ICO has been banned by the country, but in order to achieve the purpose of issuing coins, some blockchain projects have come up with the idea of selling mining machines to allow investors to mine and hold coins. This IMO method has been characterized as a "disguised ICO" and is also an illegal fund-raising behavior.
Trap 7: Collecting coins for WeChat transactions
Fraud routines
Some people make their circle of friends very impressive, making novice users feel trustworthy. The credibility is very high. Then he pretends to be a user who collects coins off-site and asks the other party to transfer the token first and then pay. After receiving the token, he turns his back and refuses to recognize the person, and then continues to look for the next prey.
The truth
Since the current token address cannot be associated with the user's identity, it is basically impossible to retrieve it after being deceived. Moreover, virtual currency is not legal currency. Such a thing,No case will be filed even if the police are called.
Summary reminder
The "high-end" blockchain is not something ordinary investors can play with. In the face of obscure professional terms and myths about wealth, it's best to stay away.
Moreover, the tricks of scammers are also advancing with the times, and they will use various means to improve their deception capabilities. Investors should remain vigilant and never be fooled by exaggerated profit returns and "celebrity effects". They must remember: high returns come with high risks, and prudent investment is king!
Excerpted from the Internet
❻ How to ensure the security of blockchain use?
The blockchain itself solves the problem of large-scale collaboration between strangers, that is, Strangers can collaborate without trusting each other. So how to ensure trust between strangers to achieve each other's consensus mechanism? The centralized system uses credible third-party endorsements, such as banks. Banks are regarded as reliable and trustworthy institutions by ordinary people. People can trust banks and let banks resolve real-life disputes. But how does a decentralized blockchain ensure trust?
In fact, blockchain uses the basic principles of modern cryptography to ensure its security mechanism. The knowledge system involved in the field of cryptography and security is very complicated. I will only introduce the basic knowledge of cryptography related to blockchain, including Hash algorithm, encryption algorithm, information digest and digital signature, zero-knowledge proof, quantum cryptography, etc. You can use this lesson to understand how the blockchain using cryptography technology can ensure its confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation.
Lesson 7 of the basic course: Basic knowledge of blockchain security
1. Hash algorithm (Hash algorithm)
Hash function (Hash), also known as hash function. Hash function: Hash (original information) = digest information. The hash function can map a binary plaintext string of any length into a shorter (usually fixed-length) binary string (Hash value).
A good hash algorithm has the following 4 characteristics:
1. One-to-one correspondence: The same plaintext input and hash algorithm can always get the same summary information output.
2. Input sensitivity: Even if there is any slight change in the plain text input, the newly generated summary information will change greatly, which is hugely different from the original output.
3. Easy to verify: both the plaintext input and the hash algorithm are public, and anyone can calculate by themselves whether the output hash value is correct.
4. Irreversible: If there is only the output hash value, it is absolutely impossible to deduce the plaintext from the hash algorithm.
5. Conflict avoidance: It is difficult to find two plaintexts with different contents, but their hash values are consistent (collision occurs).
Example:
Hash (Zhang San lends Li Si 100,000, loan period is 6 months) = 123456789012
12345 is recorded in the ledger6789012 is such a record.
It can be seen that the hash function has 4 functions:
Simplifying information
It is easy to understand, and the hashed information becomes shorter.
Identification information
You can use 123456789012 to identify the original information, and the summary information is also called the id of the original information.
Concealed information
The ledger contains a record such as 123456789012, and the original information is concealed.
Verification information
If Li Si deceives when repaying the loan, Zhang San only lent Li Si 50,000, both parties can use the hash value and the previously recorded hash value 123456789012 to verify the original information
Hash (Zhang San lent Li Si 50,000, with a loan period of 6 months) = 987654321098
987654321098 is completely different from 123456789012, which proves that Li Si lied, successfully ensuring that the information cannot be tampered with .
Common Hash algorithms include MD4, MD5, and SHA series algorithms. Nowadays, the SHA series algorithms are basically used in mainstream fields. SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) is not an algorithm, but a set of hash algorithms. It was originally the SHA-1 series. Now the mainstream applications are SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512 algorithms (commonly known as SHA-2). Recently, SHA-3 related algorithms have also been proposed, such as those used by Ethereum. KECCAK-256 belongs to this algorithm.
MD5 is a very classic Hash algorithm, but unfortunately both it and the SHA-1 algorithm have been cracked, and are considered by the industry to be not secure enough to be used in commercial scenarios. It is generally recommended to use at least SHA2-256 or higher. Safe algorithm.
Hash algorithms are widely used in blockchains. For example, in a block, the next block will contain the hash value of the previous block, and the content of the next block + the hash value of the previous block The hash values are used together to calculate the hash value of the next block, ensuring the continuity and non-tamperability of the chain.
2. Encryption and Decryption Algorithms
Encryption and decryption algorithms are the core technology of cryptography. They can be divided into two basic types in terms of design concepts: symmetric encryption algorithms and asymmetric encryption algorithms. They are distinguished according to whether the keys used in the encryption and decryption processes are the same. The two modes are suitable for different needs and form a complementary relationship. Sometimes they can also be used in combination to form a hybrid encryption mechanism.
Symmetric encryption algorithm (symmetric cryptography, also known as public key encryption, common-key cryptography) uses the same encryption and decryption keys. Its advantages are high computational efficiency and high encryption strength; its disadvantage is that it needs to be advanced in advance. Shared key, easy to leak and lose the key. Common algorithms include DES, 3DES, and AES et al.
Asymmetric encryption algorithm (asymmetric cryptography, also known as public-key cryptography) is different from the encryption and decryption keys. Its advantage is that it does not need to share the key in advance; its disadvantage is that the calculation efficiency is low. Only short content can be encrypted. Common algorithms include RSA, SM2, ElGamal and elliptic curve series algorithms. Symmetric encryption algorithm is suitable for the encryption and decryption process of large amounts of data; it cannot be used in signature scenarios: and the key often needs to be distributed in advance. Asymmetric encryption algorithms are generally suitable for signature scenarios or key negotiation, but are not suitable for encryption and decryption of large amounts of data.
3. Information Digest and Digital Signature
As the name suggests, information digest is to perform a Hash operation on the information content to obtain a unique summary value to replace the original complete information content. Information summary is the most important use of the Hash algorithm. Utilizing the anti-collision characteristics of the Hash function, information summary can solve the problem that the content has not been tampered with.
Digital signatures are similar to signing on paper contracts to confirm contract content and prove identity. Digital signatures are based on asymmetric encryption and can be used to prove the integrity of a certain digital content and at the same time confirm the source (or non-repudiation) .
We have two property requirements for digital signatures that make them consistent with what we expect from handwritten signatures. First, only you can make your signature, but anyone who sees it can verify its validity; second, we want the signature to be relevant only to a specific file and not to other files. These can all be used to achieve digital signatures through our asymmetric encryption algorithm above.
In practice, we generally sign the hash value of the information rather than the information itself. This is determined by the efficiency of the asymmetric encryption algorithm. Corresponding to the blockchain, the hash pointer is signed. If this method is used, the previous one is the entire structure, not just the hash pointer itself.
4. Zero Knowledge proof
Zero knowledge proof means that the prover makes the verifier believe that a certain assertion is correct without providing any additional information to the verifier.
Zero-knowledge proofs generally meet three conditions:
1. Completeness: a true proof can allow the verifier to successfully verify;
2. Reliability (Soundness): a false proof It is impossible for the verifier to pass the verification;
3. Zero-Knowledge: If it is proved, no information other than the proof information can be learned from the proof process.
5. Quantum cryptography
As the research on quantum computing and quantum communication receives more and more attention, quantum cryptography will play an important role in cryptographic information in the future.Security has a huge impact.
The core principle of quantum computing is to use qubits to be in multiple coherent superposition states at the same time. In theory, a large amount of information can be expressed through a small number of qubits and processed at the same time, greatly increasing the calculation speed.
In this case, a large number of current encryption algorithms are theoretically unreliable and can be cracked, which makes the encryption algorithms have to be upgraded, otherwise they will be broken by quantum computing.
As we all know, quantum computing is still in the theoretical stage and is still far away from large-scale commercial use. However, the new generation of encryption algorithms must take into account the possibility of this situation.
❼ What are the existing problems of blockchain technology
1. Performance issues
Volume issues
Blockchain’s impact on data Backup requirements pose storage space challenges. Blockchain requires that after a transaction is completed, it is broadcast to the entire network, and every node in the system must back up data.
Take Bitcoin as an example. The block data since the creation block has exceeded 60GB, and the amount of blockchain data is still increasing. This will bring problems to the operation of the Bitcoin Core client. A big challenge.
Processing speed issues
The Bitcoin blockchain currently processes a maximum of 6.67 transactions per second, and a confirmation time is about 10 minutes, which can easily cause congestion delays for a large number of transactions, which may Applications with small multiple transactions and highly time-sensitive transactions will be restricted.
Although there are some methods to overcome it, methods to comprehensively solve transaction efficiency still need to be discovered.
Energy consumption is too high
Thirdly, the computing power in the mining process does not produce additional actual social value, and also wastes a large amount of electronic resources. With the increasing popularity of currency, blockchain has gradually become a capital-intensive industry with high energy consumption.
2. Centralization problem
Inequality of nodes
First, in theory, every node in the distributed network should be treated equally , but in order to obtain rewards for mining, each node may increase its computing power to compete for hardware, resulting in node inequality and destroying the randomness of blockchain accounting rights.
Industrialized and large-scale mining has given rise to mining pools
Theoretically, if the mining pools collude to control more than 51% of the computing power for system supply, a dual Although the costs of payment far exceed the benefits in the actual process, the possibility of collusive supply cannot be denied.
3. Privacy and security issues
Private keys are easily stolen
First, the current blockchain uses an asymmetric key mechanism. It has high security, but the private key is stored locally and cannot be easilyEasily stolen by hackers.
The transparency of blockchain data can easily lead to privacy leaks
Every participant in the public chain can obtain a complete data backup, and the entire system is open and transparent. The currency protects privacy by isolating the connection between the transaction address and the holder’s true identity.
When the blockchain needs to carry more businesses, how nodes verify information and execute commands requires more consideration.
4. Upgrade and incentive issues
The number of participating nodes in the public chain is huge
Whether it is upgrading or fixing errors, the system cannot be shut down and centralized. , it may be necessary to consider relaxing the issue of decentralization.
There is a competitive game between each node
Requires the improvement of incentive compatibility mechanism, how to enable self-interested nodes in the decentralized system to spontaneously carry out block data verification And accounting work, and designing a reasonable penalty function to suppress irrational competition is another challenge faced by the blockchain.
❽ There is someone in WeChat who does this. He posts this blockchain vulnerability every day and earns 5-6 times the principal. After making money, just give them a commission. Is it true?
It’s not true. Money won’t fall from the sky. Don’t overthink it. Search Ou Kuailian on WeChat to see if you can make money. You will know these routines.
