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1. I have been paying attention to Bitcoin and engaged in entrepreneurship in the blockchain industry. Is there any blockchain industrial park or incubator that provides great support to startups? Thank you for your help!

Thanks for the invitation. I am working in the blockchain industry and I should be able to answer your questions.

There are now more than 10 blockchain industrial parks that have been established or are about to be established in our country. The more famous ones include Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park, Chongqing Yuzhong Blockchain Entrepreneurship Industrial Park, and Shandong Qingdao “Chain Industrial Park”. Bay", Changsha "Lugu" Blockchain Industrial Park, Wuhan "Kelly Chain Valley", and other places such as Shanghai, Xiongan, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guiyang and other places have supporting blockchain infrastructure.

Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park

Let’s talk about the most famous one first - Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park in China. I still remember that at the launch ceremony, Li Xiaolai, the currency circle tycoon, not only The Blockchain Industrial Park platform also announced the establishment of a 10 billion global blockchain innovation fund - Xiong'an Fund. The Hangzhou government has even proposed the vision of “building a blockchain city”.

At that time, many media reported on the launch ceremony of the Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park that "10 blockchain future technology projects were signed on site and settled in the Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park in China." As a result, no companies actually settled in the area for a long period of time, and there were suspicions of encircling the land to obtain policy subsidies.

Qingdao Lianwan

Then there is Qingdao Lianwan. This industrial park is actually quite good. First of all, it has strong support from the government. In July 2017, Qingdao Shibei District Blockchain At the industrial development opinion conference, it was proposed to strive to establish a blockchain industry highland based in Qingdao and facing the whole country by 2020. Lianwan officially settled in Qingdao North District on September 13, 2017, covering an area of ​​more than 40,000 square meters

Secondly, Lianwan also has the support of top domestic universities. In May 2018, the 2018 Qingdao Lianwan Shuangqing Blockchain Application Forum jointly sponsored by Qingdao Lianwan and Tsinghua University Internet Industry Research Institute was held. Nearly 20 "Tsinghua-based" blockchain companies have settled in Lianwan. Therefore, I think Lianwan is much better than the Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park, which has a lot of fanfare and a small amount of rain. The only drawback is that the competitiveness of Qingdao is indeed weaker.

Changsha "Lugu" Blockchain Industrial Park

This industrial park is actually a bit embarrassing. Where is the embarrassment? Because it was officially announced too late, on November 23, 2018, the unveiling ceremony of Changsha Blockchain Industrial Park and the launching ceremony of Changsha Blockchain Incubator were held in Changsha High-tech Zone. Did you see that in November last year, it was when the digital currency market entered a freezing point? Regardless of whether practitioners in the blockchain industry are willing to admit it, the market situation will indeed have a great impact. Therefore, the development of Changsha Blockchain Industrial Park can only be said to be untimely.

Why do I introduce Changsha’s Blockchain Industrial Park? Because the Changsha government has the greatest support for blockchain. It can be seen that local governments have introduced relevant supporting policies, but most of them are economic packages.and science and technology plans, and most of them only mention goals without specific measures. The Changsha government has introduced a series of supporting policies for blockchain, and the amount of subsidies is specific. Therefore, Changsha's industrial park can still look forward to future development space.

Wuhan “Kelly Chain Valley” Blockchain Incubator

This blockchain incubator in Wuhan is my favorite. First of all, from the perspective of location advantages, Wuhan is the center of the thoroughfares of eight provinces, and the transportation network covers the surrounding provinces; in addition, Hubei is a major province of science and education, and Wuhan’s educational resources are second only to cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. It is rich in talent and scientific and technological resources. The development prospects of the chain are huge.

Secondly, Kelly Chain Valley itself is very strong. By the end of 2020, 120,000 square meters of high-quality office space will be built, basically covering 1.5-tier cities, and it is expected to invest more than 200 million in venture capital funds. Relying on blockchain technology, blockchain nodes will be established to provide blockchain enterprise registration, equity registration, transfer services, etc. to the settled enterprises, creating a domestic leading public innovation model of joint office and enterprise resource sharing based on blockchain technology. .

Blockchain companies settling in Kelly Chain Valley will receive management consulting services in the incubator, including general business agency services and formulation of strategies, management systems, human resources management systems, market analysis and professional knowledge training wait. By uniting with high-end resources in the blockchain industry such as the China Electronics Chamber of Commerce Blockchain Committee, Asia SPT Research Association, and other high-end resources in the blockchain industry, the incubator has also established a "Blockchain University" personnel training mechanism. In addition to the blockchain held every two weeks Lectures, various public welfare seminars and training activities will also be held to bring together blockchain experts, entrepreneurial geeks and blockchain enthusiasts to create a talent highland for the development of China's blockchain industry and make up for the lack of domestic blockchain talents. Short board.

In addition, as far as I know, Kelly Chain Valley already has several implemented blockchain applications. For example, the more famous TD public chain is incubated by Kelly Chain Valley, and it is currently running for global super node election.

The above are what I think are some of the better blockchain industrial parks and incubators in China. I hope they can be helpful to you.

2. Which cities have deployed blockchain industrial parks

"Blockchain Yearbook": From the second half of 2016 to the present, the blockchain industrial parks that have been established or are about to be established in my country There are more than 10 companies. In addition to Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Guangzhou, which have always maintained strong momentum in the financial and technology fields, other provinces and cities such as Wuhan, Chongqing, Qingdao, Suzhou, etc. have also already laid out blockchain industrial parks. The "Blockchain Yearbook" not only summarizes the latest detailed information on blockchain industrial parks around the world, but also includes local governments' support policies for blockchain.

According to the "Blockchain Yearbook", as of the end of November 2018, the number of blockchain companies in my country with blockchain as its main business reached nearly a thousand, and the industry has initially formed a scale. At present, governments in many places are also actively positioning blockchain technology from an industrial perspective, and policy systems and regulatory frameworks are gradually developing and improving.

1. Blockchain Industrial Park

1. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center was the earliest established but the most low-key.

In November 2016, Zhongguancun Blockchain Industry Alliance and Shanghai Intelligent Industrial Park reached a cooperation to jointly create Zhongguancun Blockchain Industry Alliance-Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center. At the same time, the Shanghai Intelligent Industry Sky Blockchain Incubation Base and the Shanghai Equity Transaction Custody Center were officially established, which means that China’s first applied blockchain incubation base has officially settled in Baoshan, Shanghai.

The park stipulates that for all types of enterprises registered in the park, the park will provide a certain proportion of support policies based on the size of the enterprise's contribution to the local portion of all taxes paid.

On the day the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center was established, companies such as Shanghai Ruizi Investment Management Co., Ltd., Shanghai Kuaibei Network Technology Co., Ltd., and Shanghai Miaozhao Network Technology Co., Ltd. settled in the center. It has been nearly two years since its establishment, and not much news has been exposed about the low-key park.

2. There are three major blockchain entrepreneurial parks in Hangzhou: they occupy the right time, place and people.

In the 2018 Government Work Report, the Hangzhou government clearly listed the blockchain industry as one of the seven future industries that Hangzhou is accelerating to cultivate. At present, Hangzhou has formed three major blockchain industrial parks represented by Xixi Valley Blockchain Industrial Park, China (Xiaoshan) Blockchain Entrepreneurship and Innovation Base, and China Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park.

The Xixi Valley Blockchain Industrial Park was established in April 2017. It is located in Xixi Hejing, Qianjiang, an Internet financial town in Xixi Valley. It is invested and operated by Hangzhou Chengyi Asset Management Group.

China (Xiaoshan) Blockchain Entrepreneurship and Innovation Base was jointly established by China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Hangzhou Xiaoshan District People's Government, and China Wanxiang Holdings Co., Ltd., and settled in Xiaoshan in May 2017.

China Hangzhou Blockchain Industrial Park is located in Yuhang District. It was established in April 2018. Li Xiaolai, a big figure in the currency circle, also attended the establishment ceremony. At the launch ceremony, Yao Yongjie, chairman of Hangzhou Tunlan Investment, announced the establishment of the Xiongan Global Blockchain Innovation Fund, with a total scale of RMB 10 billion.

3. Wuhan Blockchain Industrial Park encourages college students to start blockchain businesses.

Beijing City

On November 9, 2018, the Zhongguancun Management Committee, the Beijing Municipal Financial Work Bureau and the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission jointly issued the "Beijing Municipal Plan for Promoting Fintech Development (2018-2022).

The plan incorporates blockchain technology into the scope of Beijing’s “financial technology” development plan, actively promotes the development of underlying technologies that affect the functional application of financial technology, and improves various technical market facilities, including artificial intelligence and big data. , Internet technology (mobile Internet, Internet of Things), distributed technology (cloud computing, blockchain), security technology (quantum computing, biometrics, encryption technology), etc.

On September 29, 2017, eight departments including the Beijing Municipal Financial Affairs Bureau jointly issued the "Implementation Measures for Building a Green Financial System in the Capital", which mentioned that the development of blockchain-basedGreen financial information infrastructure to improve the safety and security level of green financial projects.

On April 6, 2017, the Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park Management Committee issued the "Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone's Fund Management Measures to Promote Deep Integration of Science and Technology and Finance, Innovation and Development" mentioned that financial technology companies are supported as financial regulatory agencies Provide services to financial institutions, carry out demonstration applications of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, quantitative investment, and smart finance to improve the efficiency and convenience of financial services.

Financial support will be provided to the enterprise based on 30% of the amount of the technology application contract or purchase agreement signed between the financial technology enterprise and the financial regulatory agency or financial institution. The maximum support amount for a single project shall not exceed 5 million yuan.

On December 30, 2016, the Beijing Municipal Financial Affairs Bureau released the "Beijing Financial Industry Development Plan during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period", which mentioned that blockchain is classified as a technology of Internet finance. , and encourage the development of this technology.

On August 10, 2016, the Beijing Municipal Financial Work Bureau released the "Beijing Municipal Financial Work Bureau's 2016 Performance Tasks", which mentioned in Article 8 that the Zhongguancun Internet Finance Comprehensive Pilot Plan should be promoted and Zhongguancun The Blockchain Alliance is established.

Shanghai

On April 28, 2017, the Shanghai Internet Finance Industry Association issued the "Self-Discipline Rules for the Application of Blockchain Technology by Internet Financial Institutions", requiring blockchain technology services The real economy should focus on the balance between innovation, regulation and security, and clarify the bottom line of financial stability and information security. Internet financial institutions applying blockchain technology should report to local regulatory authorities and industry self-regulatory organizations, and actively accept industry supervision and self-regulatory management. , the reported information should at least include the project name, responsible person, business model, business risks, risk control measures, etc.

On March 7, 2017, the Shanghai Baoshan District Development and Reform Commission issued the "Baoshan District Financial Services Work Points in 2017" and mentioned that it will track and serve the construction of the Miaohang Blockchain Incubation Base and the Songnan Shanghai Internet Financial Evaluation Center Construction, relying on professional teams and market forces, promotes the development of financial technology companies to become an important part of Baoshan's financial ecosystem, forming a development model in which venture capital funds and angel investors gather actively, technology and finance support is strong, and corporate investment motivation is fully stimulated .

Guangdong Province

On December 8, 2017, the Office of the People's Government of Huangpu District, Guangzhou City and the Office of the Guangzhou Development Zone Management Committee issued the "Guangzhou Huangpu District Guangzhou Development Zone Promotion of Blockchain" "Industrial Development Measures", with regard to the place of industrial and commercial registration, tax collection and statistical relations within the scope of Guangzhou Huangpu District, Guangzhou Development Zone and its entrusted management and subordinate parks, it has a sound financial system, has independent legal personality, and has a commitment of 10 Blockchain enterprises or institutions that do not move their registered and office addresses, do not change their tax obligations in the area, and do not reduce their registered capital during the year will implement cultivation rewards, growth rewards, platform rewards, application rewards, technology rewards, financial support, and activities repairIncentive measures such as stickers. This is currently the most supportive policy measure in the country.

On September 25, 2017, the Shenzhen Municipal People's Government issued the "Several Measures to Support the Development of the Financial Industry in Shenzhen" and mentioned that the special financial technology awards will focus on rewards in blockchain, digital currency, and financial big data. For outstanding projects in application and other fields, the annual reward amount will be controlled within 6 million yuan.

On August 17, 2017, the Shenzhen Municipal Economic, Trade and Information Technology Commission issued the "Notice of the Municipal Economic, Trade and Information Commission on organizing and implementing the 2018 Special Support Plan for Shenzhen's New Generation Information Technology Information Security Project for Strategic Emerging Industries" 》 mentioned that it supports blockchain technology.

On November 3, 2016, the Financial Development Service Office of the Shenzhen Municipal People's Government issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Shenzhen's Financial Industry", which mentioned that financial institutions should be supported to strengthen their understanding of blockchain and digital currencies. Research and exploration of emerging technologies.

Chongqing City

On March 7, 2018, the Chongqing Municipal Government issued the "Notice on the Implementation and Division of Tasks for Promoting Supply Chain Innovation and Application Guidance Opinions" mentioned that the research and utilization area Emerging technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence will establish a credit evaluation mechanism based on the supply chain.

On November 7, 2017, the Chongqing Municipal Economic and Information Technology Commission issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Cultivation and Innovative Application of the Blockchain Industry" and mentioned that by 2020, we will strive to create 2 blockchain projects in Chongqing. - 5 blockchain industry bases, introduce and cultivate more than 10 leading enterprises in the domestic segment of blockchain, more than 50 blockchain enterprises with core technologies or growth-oriented, introduce and cultivate 500 mid-level and senior blockchain talents With the name above, Chongqing will be built into an important domestic blockchain industry highland and innovative application base.

3. What is the future development prospect of blockchain technology?

Five major aspects of the growth potential of the blockchain industry promote the healthy development of technology

Basic overview analysis of blockchain

< p>Blockchain technology, as a technical solution for collectively maintaining a reliable database in a decentralized manner, has the characteristics of decentralization, tamper-proof, and high scalability. It is becoming an emerging technology after big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, After virtual reality and other technologies, it is another emerging technology that will have a major impact on the future and is expected to promote mankind from the information Internet era to the value Internet era.

The United States, Japan and some countries and regions in the European Union have elevated the development of blockchain to an important national development strategy and vigorously promoted the research and development, application and promotion of blockchain technology. Our country also attaches great importance to blockchain technology innovation and industrial development. With the joint participation of IT and other companies, a large number of new companies, new products, new models, and new applications have emerged. Blockchain has been widely used in finance, government affairs, energy, and medical care. Applications in other industries are gradually unfolding, and it is becoming an important force driving technological product innovation and industrial transformation in various industries.

The development of blockchain is divided into three stages, namely the encrypted digital currency represented by Bitcoin and the blockchain applied in related financial infrastructure.1.0, Blockchain 2.0 represented by smart contracts, is currently gradually moving towards the Blockchain 3.0 stage, which is based on blockchain technology and has in-depth application of more complex smart contracts.

Statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year

Since 2016, the frequency and amount of investment and financing in my country’s blockchain field have increased dramatically. According to statistics from the "In-depth Analysis Report on Business Model Innovation and Investment Opportunities in the Blockchain Industry" released by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the financing amount in the blockchain field was approximately 10.7 billion, a year-on-year growth rate of 1,426 billion compared with the same period in 2017. %; The number of investment and financing events in the blockchain field reached 205. It is expected that investment in the blockchain field will usher in another peak this year.

From the perspective of the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China’s blockchain field, early-stage investment rounds (before Series B) account for more than 95%. Many industry pioneers participate in the investment, and most companies are still in the process of investing. Horse racing and enclosure.

Blockchain investment and financing statistics and growth from 2014 to the first half of 2018

Data source: Compiled by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

my country attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology, and market, the pace of blockchain innovation continues to accelerate, and it is deeply integrated with technologies such as cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things. The scope of explored applications has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, Expand and expand in more fields such as industrial Internet, social welfare, copyright protection, etc.

Five major aspects strive to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology and promote the high-quality development of the digital economy

1. In-depth research and grasp of blockchain technology and industry development trends. Pay close attention to the latest trends in international development, jointly promote blockchain-related technology and industry research, promote the standardization of blockchain development industry behavior, and create a good development environment.

2. Strengthen the construction of core technical capabilities of blockchain.

Establish and improve a collaborative promotion mechanism among key enterprises, universities, and research institutions, guide IT enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies, and improve blockchain performance, efficiency, and security.

3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain

Encourage blockchain enterprises and user units to carry out cross-border integration, guide industry organizations to establish public service platforms, and support third-party institutions Carry out blockchain service evaluation and testing, promote rich industry applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy.

4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system

Accelerate the development and application promotion of key standards, and gradually build a complete standard system. Actively connect with international standards organizations such as ITU and ISO, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power."

5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development

Support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and model innovation, guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate blockchain Expertise required for chain developmentindustry talents. Support qualified blockchain companies to enjoy the country’s preferential tax policies that support the development of the software industry and small and medium-sized enterprises.

The industry is small but has huge growth potential

The blockchain economy is currently on the eve of an explosion. It is widely used in the financial industry, and applications in other industries have also entered the exploration and research and development stage. It is expected that the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US$410 million to US$7.68 billion between 2017 and 2022, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is expected that various blockchain-based extended businesses will reach US$100 billion in 2020.

Industrial application fields continue to expand

The financial industry is the first to apply blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; the medical industry is an important area of ​​blockchain application and can be more It is good to protect privacy and improve service quality and management efficiency; the demand for blockchain in social forensics is rising rapidly to solve certification problems caused by information asymmetry; the application of blockchain technology in other fields such as communications and supply chain is rapidly expanding .

4. Blockchain can be defined

On March 12, 2018, the Hangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Hangzhou Financial Affairs Office, Xiaoshan District People’s Government, The 2nd All Things Growth Conference, co-sponsored by the Hangzhou Daily Newspaper Group and organized by the Hangzhou Venture Capital Association and Hangzhou Bank, was held in the press conference hall of the Hangzhou International Expo Center. Babbitt and Bytom founder Chang Chai made the " The future can be predicted and blockchain can be defined" keynote speech.
The following is the content of the speech:
Good morning everyone, I am very happy to be invited to do such a sharing. The theme I shared is "The future can be predicted and blockchain can be defined."
I used to be a science fiction writer and wrote some science fiction novels in college. At that time, science fiction was still a very niche group and very few people read science fiction novels. Later, I had a post that is now very popular. In 2011, a college student asked on Zhihu: If you have 6,000 yuan for investment and financial management, what advice do you have? The advice I gave him at that time was to buy Bitcoin. . Now it seems that this is a piece of advice worth 20 million. Of course, it is a sad story because the subject did not buy Bitcoin in the end. It is also a sad story for me, because many people in the novel I wrote I haven’t read it, but this advice is often mentioned. In recent years, people have been sending me private messages asking me which coins to buy. However, I am not an expert in investment and financial management. Our company is engaged in blockchain.
Babit established the website in 2011 and established the company in 2014, so we may be the first batch of blockchain companies in China. On what basis do we judge that blockchain technology may be popularized or survive in the future?
This would like to mention a science fiction novel I once wrote in college called "The Art of Slaying Dragons". The computer-themed novel was written in 2007. It tells the story of hackers who can use huge amounts of computing resources on the Internet in the cloud era.After completing some very ambitious scientific computing projects, this novel was criticized by many readers after it was published. They thought that the novel seemed unreal and questioned that the abilities of hackers were beyond ordinary people's imagination.
But now it seems that this novel is not an exaggeration at all. Why? Because in the cloud era, the abilities between people will be disproportionately amplified. In reality, the abilities between people may be a kind of The normal distribution is just like a person's height and weight, but on the Internet, people's ability and influence will be disproportionately amplified. It is a combination of the Matthew effect + the long tail effect.
The core ideas of this novel are two points. The first point is that cloud computing will amplify people's abilities, and the improvement of computing power will amplify people's abilities. The second point is that computing is power. So when a new thing like Bitcoin comes out, it seems that the world written in my novel is becoming a reality. When Bitcoin was introduced to China from 2008 to 2010, many people had already heard of Bitcoin, but did not pay attention to it. In fact, to understand a thing like blockchain, some knowledge background is needed.
In addition, I would like to introduce a book, which is "Out of Control" written by Kevin Kelly. This book was written in the 1990s, but this book is very forward-looking and has a chapter that introduces the development of cryptocurrency. Pioneers, but these pioneers later became martyrs, what was the reason for their failure? In fact, blockchain needs to be based on three core technologies, and these three technologies are gradually maturing. The first technology is asymmetric encryption. In 1985, elliptic curve function encryption was already very mature, but unfortunately it was implemented in a centralized way. What are the risks of centralization? That is, when issuance If the currency company collapses or the founder is arrested, or the central server is attacked, it will cause the system to collapse, so it failed later. In 2000, someone began to introduce peer-to-peer technology into cryptocurrency for the first time, taking the lead in realizing distributed cryptocurrency. However, it also failed later. The reason is very simple, that is, there is no way to find a way to solve double payment (the same money is used). twice). It was not until 1997 that Adam Baker proposed proof of work. In 2004, Halfini expanded this technology into a reusable proof of work, so the 2008 Bitcoin white paper was successfully published.
And the carefully designed technical solutions in Bitcoin later seemed to be very advanced. For example, in 2014, Snowden revealed that elliptic curve function encryption is unsafe because the US National Security Agency has set up a backdoor in this encryption standard, giving the NSA an unknown method to weaken this curve. , at that time many people exclaimed that Bitcoin was dead and that the system might collapse, but later Satoshi Nakamoto did not use the encryption standard promulgated by the National Security Agency, but used a very rare curve.
To give another example, after hashing twice, a quantum computer cannot threaten the Bitcoin address and cannot decipher the Bitcoin private key from the address. What’s even more interesting is that Satoshi Nakamoto also usedA strange transaction method like a change mechanism is created. The change mechanism is that the remaining balance of each transaction is transferred to a new address. Now it seems that this is actually done to prevent quantum computers, because Bitcoin transactions Only during transactions will its public key be exposed on the blockchain. You only need to transfer the remaining money to a new address during each transaction. In fact, your public key will not be exposed on the blockchain. on the blockchain.
So judging from so many details, it can be said that Satoshi Nakamoto is a bit like a person who is extremely careful, so many people think that he is not a person, but an organization.
I just mentioned why the proof-of-work mechanism was introduced to the blockchain and Bitcoin, and this cryptocurrency was successful? Because the proof-of-work mechanism is actually hash calculation. Why is calculation so important to the blockchain? ?I can give a very easy-to-understand proof through such a table.
This table shows that the real world and the digital world are actually in a mirror relationship. The real world can also be called the atomic world. In the real world, things are randomly distributed and random. In the digital world, everything is generally Pseudo-random. In the real world, there are no two identical leaves. Everything on the Internet can be copied. In the real world, it is a normal distribution. In the digital world, it is a power law distribution. It is the Matthew effect + long tail effect. . In the real world, things are competitive resources, which are exclusive resources. For example, if I own a microphone or a glass of water, others cannot own it. All resources in the digital world are non-competitive resources. For example, I transfer a document to another person, but in fact, this document cannot be transferred like a book in reality, because this document may be saved infinitely in my computer or other storage media. A copy, so based on such a mirror relationship, we can ask the question, why is it so difficult to copy exactly the same thing in the real world? This question can be turned into whether you can create a perfect crystal in reality, you can create A perfect crystal can actually copy exactly the same thing, but the third law of thermodynamics tells us that if you want to create a perfect crystal, you need absolute zero, and you have to invest a huge amount of energy. In turn, through this symmetrical thinking, we can This raises the question that in the digital world, that is, on the Internet, it is very difficult to prevent something from being copied and to achieve such competitive resources. To achieve such a competitive resource, a huge amount of personnel consumption is required, which is computing. The more computing power invested, the higher the barrier against double spending, which is why computing matters.
So since the real world and the digital world have such a mirroring relationship, the blockchain can actually be understood as the reverse machine of the printing press. I like to use such a very vivid metaphor to define the blockchain as the printing press. Reverse process.
Why is the printing press so great? In fact, before the birth of the printing press, human knowledge and information were competitive resources.Whether it is the Bible or martial arts secrets, they are all competitive resources. However, after the birth of the printing press, this knowledge and information became a non-competitive resource that can be copied on a large scale, or the marginal cost of copying is almost equal to 0, so there is a future. In the information revolution, with the Internet, the Internet is actually an enhanced version of the printing press. But the problem with the Internet is that it is difficult to transfer competitive resources in the digital world. This is also the reason why some cryptocurrency pioneers failed in the 1990s. Blockchain solves this problem. It is the first to realize competitive resources on the Internet. The first competitive resource is of course Bitcoin, which is the first domino to be erected. After the first card falls, we can imagine that the second and third cards will fall as long as they have value attributes. They are all very suitable for using blockchain for registration and circulation, because the Internet is suitable for things with information attributes, so we say that the Internet is an information transmission protocol, and blockchain is a value transmission protocol. In fact, all resources with value attributes are It is very suitable to be combined with the blockchain.
So I don’t think the blockchain will replace the Internet. The blockchain itself is a parallel world of the Internet. It is to do some things that the Internet cannot do, so it may propose many business models. In my opinion, it is not It is unrealistic. For example, it combines things with information attributes and business scenarios with blockchain. In fact, I think it is not that appropriate, because scenarios with information attributes are suitable for the Internet, and only scenarios with value attributes are suitable for "blockchain." +".
Let’s further deepen the mirroring relationship between the Internet and blockchain. The carrier of the Internet is often software, and the carrier of blockchain is generally protocols. Software needs to apply for patents to establish its own patent barriers. On the contrary, with blockchain, most blockchain projects are open source, and you are very welcome to copy it. The code does not need to establish such patent barriers or moats. The main body of software development is usually a company, and the main body of blockchain development is often a community or foundation, which is a very loose organizational form. Software requires constant iterative upgrades, but iterative upgrades of protocols are very difficult, so they are generally very stable, because protocol upgrades require the approval of the entire network consensus, which is of course very, very difficult. That’s why there are so many Bitcoins. The software can be maintained and updated, and the protocol is that it cannot be shut down after it is started, and it runs 24 hours a day. Based on this kind of thinking, we can solve many doubts in our hearts. For example, in 10 years ago, many experts or big names in the investment community believed that although Bitcoin was a pioneer, it did not necessarily have the last laugh. How to prevent being defeated by latecomers? This is a typical Internet thinking. Internet thinking regards Bitcoin as a software. Through technological upgrades, latecomers may catch up, just like the browsers in the 1990s. Later, the early browsers were defeated by the newcomers. But in fact, Bitcoin cannot be regarded as a kind of software, but a protocol. The method of implementing this kind of blockchain is already a minimum feasible solution, and there is not much room for optimization.
Many people understand blockchainIt is the fifth paradigm revolution, because it is based on the summary of technological updates in the past few decades. This kind of paradigm revolution, a leap-forward revolution, will be completed approximately every two years. The 1970s were mainframes, the 1980s were PCs, the 1990s were the Internet, the 2000s were the mobile Internet, and the blockchain was born in the 10s. The trend behind this is actually a trend of decentralization. Mainframes are in scientific research institutes or military institutions. PCs have entered families. The Internet has entered tens of millions of people. Mobile Internet has pervaded the world. In all aspects of life, blockchain has become more decentralized, and there is no longer even a central server. There is another detail here, that is, the time of the blockchain was calculated from January 1, 1970. Why does it have such a feature? In fact, it is because many programming languages ​​are derived from Linux systems, and Linux is derived from mainframes. , so it has the imprint of such an era invisibly.
In fact, there is a deeper evolutionary law behind it, such as the three stages of asset evolution. The evolution of assets can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the confirmation of asset rights, which is the equityization of assets and the confirmation of asset rights. It can then be transferred as a whole, so it's kind of like the solid stage of the asset. The second stage is asset securitization. After securitization, the assets can be divided and transferred, and their liquidity is obviously stronger. It is a bit like the liquid stage of assets. The liquid stage also has its limitations. For example, the business requires a container. , this container is the platform for assets, and assets still cannot flow across platforms. Only after the assets are blockchainized, that is, after the assets are put on the chain, will they truly enter a gas phase, because everyone can manage assets through their own private keys, whether it is Equity, income rights, debts, intellectual property rights, etc., as long as they are assets with this value attribute, they are suitable for registration and circulation using the blockchain, so they are no longer limited by the platform, because everyone can complete it through their own wallet. The process of asset transfer does not require a centralized authority or a centralized trading place. More broadly, many people have summarized the stages of blockchain evolution. The first stage was in 2009 with Bitcoin as the Representing the stage of cryptocurrency to solve value transfer matters, it can be understood as the 1.0 of blockchain. In 2017, the era of issuing virtual assets through smart contracts emerged, represented by Ethereum, which can be understood as the 2.0 of blockchain. We believe that we will enter the third stage in 2020, using smart contracts to issue physical assets or help real assets to be put on the chain. The blockchain will eventually move away from the virtual to the real and serve the real economy. So Babbitt is doing the third stage, which is our prediction of the future development trend of the blockchain.

5. What are the representatives of the current blockchain alliance?

In the past two years, blockchain alliances have emerged. Who are the representatives? In the early stages of the development of the blockchain industry, many companies and institutions formed blockchain alliances to share blockchain technology research results.Seeking wider applications of blockchain technology. In the past two years, blockchain alliances have emerged. As of July 2017, there are currently R3 composed of more than 40 international banks, Hyperledger initiated by the Linux Foundation, and Zhongguancun District, located in the core hinterland of China’s Internet. The Blockchain Industry Alliance, the China Ledger Alliance co-sponsored by 11 institutions, the Golden Chain Alliance jointly established by 25 financial institutions, the Russian Blockchain Alliance known as the "Russian version of R3", and those seeking to integrate with micro-finance Blockchain Microfinance Industry Alliance, Qianhai International Blockchain Ecosystem Alliance led by Shenzhen Qianhai Administration Bureau, and Lujiazui Blockchain Financial Development Alliance located in Lujiazui. When everyone adds fuel to the fire, many institutions and talents join in to promote the vigorous development of blockchain.

6. [Cool Job][Hangzhou] Are domestic blockchain companies reliable?

Reliable. Hangzhou is one of the important centers of China's blockchain industry. It has many excellent blockchain companies and entrepreneurial teams and has achieved important results and breakthroughs in the blockchain field, so it is reliable. Blockchain technology is a distributed accounting and consensus mechanism technology with a wide range of applications. It can be used not only in the field of digital currency, but also in many fields such as government affairs, finance, e-commerce, and the Internet of Things.