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① The relevant central meeting proposed that blockchain should be used as an important breakthrough for independent innovation of core technologies. The following applications related to blockchain technology are:

[Answer ]: C
In the first step, this question tests cutting-edge scientific and technological knowledge.
The second step is that digital currency is also called "virtual currency" and "cryptocurrency". Digital currency is actually a relatively broad concept. The digital currency we often talk about generally refers to virtual currencies such as clear coins that are based on blockchain technology, adopt a decentralized consensus mechanism, and use cryptography principles to ensure transaction security. The digital currency we are most familiar with is Bitcoin.
Therefore, choose option C.

② How to apply blockchain technology to actual scenarios

Recently, 18 departments and units including the Cyberspace Administration of China, the Central Propaganda Department, and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the "About Organization "Notice on Applying for Blockchain Innovation Application Pilot" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), announced that it will organize and carry out national blockchain innovation application pilot actions in 16 fields in four categories: the real economy, social governance, people's livelihood services, and financial technology.
The "Notice" clarifies that by the end of 2023, a number of replicable and generalizable typical cases and practice experiences of blockchain innovative applications will be formed to further leverage the role of blockchain in promoting data sharing, optimizing business processes, and reducing operating costs. , improve collaborative efficiency, build a trustworthy system, etc., and help build a network power and digital China.
Blockchain is a product of the digital economy era. Since the 18th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on October 24, 2019, it was emphasized that “blockchain should be used as a core technology and an important breakthrough for independent innovation to accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation.” In the past two years, my country's blockchain industry has ushered in rapid development.
Ebaoquan is one of the first domestic companies to maturely apply blockchain technology to various industrial fields. It is also one of the 2018 Industrial Internet (the only blockchain) demonstration project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the 2019 National Cyberspace Administration of China (first batch). A blockchain registered enterprise, it was selected as a typical enterprise for China’s blockchain technology innovation in 2019 and 2020 and won the second prize for innovative application in the 2020 Global Blockchain Competition. Its blockchain qualifications and strength are highly recognized.
Since 2014, Yibaoquan has been deeply involved in the research and development and application innovation of the underlying technology of blockchain, pioneering the "blockchain + judicial + application" model and launching the "preservation chain" in the field of electronic data storage. , "Junzizi" in the field of electronic signing, "Zhongzhengbao" in the field of Internet justice, "Micro Copyright" in the field of intellectual property protection and many other well-known brands.
Based on the underlying technology of blockchain and combined with independent invention patents, Yibaoquan has established an alliance blockchain "Preservation Chain Open Platform" in conjunction with notary offices, judicial appraisal institutes, arbitration committees, courts, copyright protection centers, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other authoritative institutions. , ensuring that electronic data will be synchronously stored on the blockchain through the blockchain to 20+ authoritative organization nodes as soon as it is generated, and the content will be solidified instantly to ensure that the data on the chainEach node can realize real-time exchange of data information, and the stored data cannot be tampered with.

③ Everyone knows that technological innovation is crucial to blockchain companies, so which companies have made major technological breakthroughs this year

Blockchain unicorn Qulian Technology persists With technological innovation as the core, we have achieved three new major breakthroughs in technology this year:
1. On-chain accounts exceed 1 billion+: Support Mowangyu when the on-chain account level exceeds 1 billion+ , the system can maintain good stability and throughput through transaction linkage between any accounts.
2. Single-chain performance breaks through 100,000+ TPS: The single-chain performance of the underlying infrastructure breaks through 10,000+ TPS, which can meet the high concurrency performance requirements of various daily business fields, such as smart cities, digital finance and other fields.
3. Node scale exceeds 1000+: supports 1000+ consensus node networking, and can expand hundreds of thousands of multi-type blind segment network node hierarchical architecture networking to achieve large-scale city-level alliance chain infrastructure And the large-scale IoT consensus network provides more possibilities.

④ It’s 2021. What will be the development trend of my country’s blockchain technology in the future?

Domestic blockchain technology has been conceptualized a few years ago and is now widely used. It has been applied to actual business scenarios, such as the rice we eat, and the QR code on the packaging
Traceability is the application of blockchain technology. Companies like Shanghai Wanglian Technology entered the market earlier and are currently developing very well.

⑤ What are the policies to promote the development of blockchain?

Legal analysis: On October 25, national leaders presided over a collective study meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and listed blockchain as an independent An important breakthrough in innovative technology.

In the 19 days since then, local governments have issued a total of 44 related policies to encourage the development of blockchain, involving 20 provinces.

Government affairs, medical care, finance and smart cities have become the areas where local governments value blockchain implementation most.

In the process of actively promoting the implementation of blockchain, local governments are also trying to combine their own advantages and local characteristics. For example, in Shanxi, energy has become a key area for blockchain implementation.

Legal basis: "The Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035" Article 3 Strategic Orientation: Promote high-quality development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period , we must base ourselves on the new development stage, implement new development concepts, and build a new development pattern. Grasping the new development stage is the realistic basis for implementing the new development concept and building a new development pattern. Implementing the new development concept provides an action guide for grasping the new development stage and building a new development pattern. Building a new development pattern is to respond to the opportunities and challenges of the new development stage. , strategic choices to implement new development concepts. We must persist in deepening supply-side structural reforms, lead and create new demands with innovation-driven, high-quality supply, and improve the resilience of the supply system and its adaptability to domestic demand. We must establish an effective system to expand domestic demand and accelerate the cultivation of a complete domesticdemand system, strengthen demand-side management, and build a strong domestic market. We must unswervingly advance reform, break down institutional obstacles that restrict economic circulation, and promote the circulation of production factors and the organic connection between production, distribution, circulation, and consumption. We must unswervingly expand opening up, continue to deepen openness based on the flow of factors, steadily expand openness based on institutions, and rely on the domestic economic cycle system to form a strong gravitational field for global factor resources. It is necessary to strengthen the leading role of the domestic general cycle, improve the efficiency and level of the domestic general cycle with the international cycle, and realize the mutual promotion and advancement of the domestic and international dual cycles.

⑥ Blockchain has been elevated to a strategic level, and cloud computing + 5G will benefit in the long term (shareholding)

Blockchain has been elevated to a national level, and “blockchain should be regarded as an important step in independent innovation of core technologies.” Breakthrough to accelerate the innovation and development of blockchain technology and industry." This is undoubtedly a big news for the blockchain concept sector. Blockchain, digital currency and other concept stocks are in the spotlight.

Blockchain is an organic combination of existing mature technologies. Its core technologies mainly include distributed ledgers, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts and cryptography, thereby achieving a chained data structure that is difficult to tamper with.

The physical basis for building a blockchain is a distributed ledger, which is an independent and complete data storage in multiple network nodes. In order to solve the problem of consistency certification of distributed systems, consensus algorithms are introduced at the system level. The most widely used ones include PoW and PoS (mainly used in public chain systems such as Bitcoin, supporting the issuance of tokens, which consumes a lot of computing power), and PBFT ( Mainly used for alliance chains or private chains, no tokens required).

A Tianfeng Securities research report points out that the characteristics of blockchain technology will directly drive the communication industry chain in three aspects:

1) Computing power carries servers and data Central demand;

2) Distributed storage drives the demand for public cloud/private cloud, and blockchain applications will also accelerate the progress of enterprises on the cloud, creating long-term demand for cloud computing, IDC, switches/servers;

3) The 5G network with low latency and high speed is an important way to solve the low transaction speed of blockchain.

Tianfeng Securities pointed out that the application and deployment of blockchain will drive demand in many aspects of the communications industry. Specifically:

1) Under the public chain model , the consensus algorithm requires a large amount of computing power support. Currently, the equipment used in consensus calculation is mainly servers (mining machines), which will generate a large number of server demands and drive the growth of IDC demand.

2) In both public chain and alliance chain modes, blockchain requires a large number of distributed nodes to store ledger information, which will bring about public cloud/private cloud storage requirements. Further boost long-term demand for cloud computing, IDC, and switches/servers.

3)Due to the characteristics of the distributed architecture of the blockchain, different node computing capabilities, network conditions and other factors lead to lower blockchain transaction speeds (Bitcoin network 7 transactions/second, Ethereum 15 transactions/second, compared to the VISA peak of 56,000 transactions/second) Seconds, Alipay’s 256,000 transactions/second are significantly lower). In order to solve transaction congestion and rising costs in blockchain-scale applications, high-performance networks have become an important link. The high speed, low latency characteristics and natural large-scale edge node resources of the 5G network perfectly meet the needs of blockchain technology.

Blockchain technology has been elevated to the level of an important breakthrough for independent innovation, and industrial investment, research and development, and implementation progress are expected to continue to accelerate. Tianfeng Securities believes that as the core carrier of blockchain deployment and operation, the communications industry chain is expected to benefit in the long term. Specifically:

⑦ How blockchain technology can play a greater role in economic and social development

The construction of a transportation power is in progress

In September 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Outline for Building a Transportation Power", which plans to basically build a transportation power by 2035. In the "Outline for Building a Powerful Transportation Nation", in addition to "reducing costs and increasing efficiency" in my country's transportation based on existing infrastructure, advanced transportation equipment plays an "innovative" role, mainly transforming the incremental growth of my country's transportation. In the "Outline for Building a Powerful Transportation Nation", advanced equipment mainly includes large-scale carriers and special equipment to promote the upgrading of equipment technology; research and development of autonomous driving, vehicle-road collaboration, underwater robots, large-scale deep-sea multi-functional rescue ships, etc.; and the widespread use of smart high-speed rail , smart roads, smart shipping, etc.

⑧ What disruptions does blockchain bring and why can it become a national strategy?

The disruptive characteristics of blockchain lie in the following four aspects: 1. , transparency. The data records of the blockchain system are transparent to the entire network nodes, and the update operations of the data records are also transparent to the entire network nodes. This is the basis for the trust of the blockchain system. Since the blockchain system uses open source programs, open rules and high participation, blockchain data records and operating rules can be reviewed and traced by nodes throughout the network, with high transparency.
2. Openness. The blockchain system is open. Except for the private information of the parties directly related to the data, which is always encrypted, the blockchain data is open to everyone (except for blockchain systems with special permission requirements). Anyone or participating nodes can query blockchain data records or develop related applications through public interfaces, so the entire system information is highly transparent.
3. Information cannot be tampered with. Once the information of the blockchain system is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be permanently stored and cannot be changed (except for systems such as private blockchains with special change requirements). Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, modifications to the database on a single node are invalid, so the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high
4. Decentralization. Go to the centerInternetization is the most basic feature of blockchain, which means that blockchain no longer relies on central processing nodes and realizes distributed recording, storage and updating of data. In a traditional centralized network, attacking a central node can destroy the entire system. However, in a decentralized blockchain network, attacking a single node cannot control or destroy the entire network or more than 5% of the nodes in the network. It's just the beginning of gaining control. 2019 is the first year of commercial application of blockchain technology, and favorable policy incentives will make the development of blockchain technology more stable.
As the application of blockchain technology gradually penetrates into many fields such as digital finance and the Internet, everyone has a clearer understanding of the value of blockchain.
Blockchain has formed a global competition situation. All countries are seizing development opportunities, and China cannot lag behind; therefore, it is understandable that blockchain has become a national strategy.