挖矿都是用区块链吗为什么,挖矿都是用区块链吗知乎

挖矿是指利用计算机资源来进行算力挖掘，以获得加密货币的过程。挖矿是区块链的基础，它是整个区块链的支撑。下面就来介绍下挖矿、区块链和加密货币三者之间的关系：

挖矿：挖矿是指利用计算机资源来进行算力挖掘，以获得加密货币的过程。挖矿的过程需要消耗大量的计算能力，通过计算机算法来解决数学难题，最终实现挖矿的目的。挖矿是区块链的基础，它是整个区块链的支撑，也是加密货币的发行渠道。

区块链：区块链是一种分布式的数据库，它是一种不可篡改的数据存储技术，可以用来记录一系列的交易信息。它是一种去中心化的、安全可靠的数据存储技术，可以将交易信息存储在所有参与者的计算机系统中，从而形成一个可信的、安全的、可追溯的数据库。区块链技术可以用来记录交易信息，也可以用来记录挖矿过程中的信息，从而支撑整个挖矿过程。

加密货币：加密货币是一种虚拟货币，它是使用加密技术来实现数字货币交易的货币。加密货币的交易是通过区块链技术实现的，它是一种去中心化的数字货币，可以实现跨境交易、去中心化交易和去中心化存储等功能。加密货币是挖矿过程中的最终产物，挖矿过程中的算力挖掘，最终会产生加密货币，从而实现挖矿的目的。

总结：挖矿是指利用计算机资源来进行算力挖掘，以获得加密货币的过程，是区块链的基础。区块链是一种分布式的数据库，可以用来记录一系列的交易信息，也可以用来记录挖矿过程中的信息。加密货币是一种虚拟货币，它是使用加密技术来实现数字货币交易的货币，挖矿过程中的算力挖掘，最终会产生加密货币，从而实现挖矿的目的。

㈠ What is blockchain mining and how is blockchain mining

What is blockchain mining? How is blockchain mining
In the area Before the rise of the blockchain, miners specifically referred to workers digging coal mines. The collective impression was that they were covered in coal dust and were men with dark skin except for their clothes. After the birth of the blockchain, miner is no longer just the abbreviation of coal miner, but has a new meaning: a person engaged in virtual currency mining.
For those who have not participated in mining, it may be difficult to understand blockchain mining, so today we will start with the most basic question: What is blockchain mining? How to mine blockchain?
What is blockchain mining?
There are two types of mining in the new era, the first is to mine Bitcoin. After each transaction occurs, it is not completed. The transaction data must be written into the database before it is established and the other party can actually receive the money. First, all transaction data will be sent to the miners, who are responsible for writing these transactions into the blockchain and completing mining to obtain profits.
The second type is to dig out copycats. Various "altcoins" such as Zcoin, Monero, Ethereum, Litecoin, and BitShares. After assembling a mining machine, connect to the designated mining pool and start computing at full load according to a specific algorithm. After completing one calculation cycle, you can obtain "one" virtual currency. Then put "this" currency on the online trading platform and cash out.

How to mine blockchain?
In the beginning, Bitcoin could be mined using a computer CPU. The founder of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto, used his computer CPU to mine it. The world’s first genesis block. However, the era of CPU mining has long passed, and now Bitcoin mining is the era of ASIC mining and large-scale cluster mining.
If you want to become a miner, it is actually relatively simple. You can just buy a special mining equipment and start mining. Mining does not require you to do it yourself. The computer actually performs specific calculations. For miners, it is enough to ensure the power supply and network connection of the mining machine.
Can blockchain mining still make money?
In the beginning, some people did get rich through blockchain mining, but as the number of miners increased, there was also great competition among miners. , profit margins are being compressed smaller and smaller. In addition, a machine that mines Bitcoin costs tens of thousands of dollars, and cannot dig out a single coin in a year. The input cost is high and the output is low. If the market conditions are unfavorable again, miners will Basically losing money.

Therefore, in addition to mining, more and more investors choose to invest in foreign exchange to make money. Unlike mining, the investment cost of foreign exchange is extremely low. For example, Juhui ggfx can be traded with a minimum of 8 US dollars. With long and short two-way operations, investors can make profits regardless of whether it is an uptrend or a downtrend. It is also very convenient for people who are busy and want to invest and make money. If you download Juhui ggfx’s MT4 trading software to your mobile phone, you can learn about the latest market conditions and participate in transactions through your mobile phone at any time, and complete orders as quickly as seconds. It is simple and fast. ,earnMoney is extremely efficient, so in addition to mining, this is also a good way to get rich.
Mining is not an easy task. Mining consumes a lot of resources because the calculation difficulty of generating virtual currency is very high and it is constantly changing. After every 2016 data blocks are generated globally, mining virtual currency The difficulty of the currency will increase once, so ordinary people must consider all aspects before joining the ranks of miners.

㈡ What is blockchain mining and what does it do? Detailed introduction to blockchain and virtual currency

When Bitcoin was first issued, people discovered that it was decentralized and not It is controlled by any center; it is completely open, except for the encryption of transaction information, the entire system information is highly transparent, and the technology is open source; security, as long as you cannot control %51 of all nodes, you cannot modify the data arbitrarily, which makes it relatively safe ; Independence, the entire model and Bitcoin do not rely on any third party, all nodes verify and exchange data within the system without any intervention

Here we explain in detail what blockchain technology is, to put it bluntly It’s block + chain, so what is “block”? What is a "chain" again?

A block is a ledger. Transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervising the legality of the transaction, and at the same time Can jointly testify for it

Each block contains the cryptographic hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually a hash value calculated using the Merkle tree algorithm) represents), this design makes the block content difficult to tamper with. Distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties and permanently verify the transaction.

The function of the hash function h(): convert a string of any length into a fixed-length (for example, 256 bits) output. The output is also called a hash value. This output is irreversible

It is difficult to find two different x and y such that h(x) = h(y), that is, two different inputs, There will be different output. Theoretically, two different inputs may have different outputs, but this is almost impossible. For example, if an infinite space is mapped to a finite space, there must be a many-to-one situation. The theory exists, but there are no rules. It is guaranteed that you cannot find this result through any mathematical inference. Why is it 256 bits here? Isn't it longer? Because 256 bits are secure enough.

Split the ledger into blocks. For example, a piece of paper in a book is a block. Each block records transactions within a period of time, such as 10 minutes.

We divide Each piece of paper is compared to a block, and a part of content is added to each block. We call it the block header, which records the hash value of the parent block.Store the hash value of the parent block through each block, and connect all blocks smoothly to form a blockchain

Record the hash value of block 1 to the block header of block 2 In this way, the block header of each block records the hash value of the parent block, and each block is linked in order. This is called a blockchain. The first block has no block header and is also called the genesis block

The blockchain is a ledger. Only when transactions occur in the ledger will the money in your account increase. If you need to make a transaction, you first need an account number and password. Just like your bank card has an account number and password, others can make a transfer to you. The account password on the block ledger is the public key and private key

Lao Wang (who already has a private key and a public key) wants to transfer 10 BTC to Zhang, which requires some operations

It is proved that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer signature function Sign (Lao Wang’s private key + Transfer information: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) = signature of this special account
The verification is that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer verification function Verify (Lao Wang’s address + Transfer details: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) + Signature of this transfer) = true
Once the transfer is recorded in the block, no one can change it. Zhang San will increase it by 10 BTC, and Lao Wang will decrease it by 10 BTC accordingly. The entire operation is automatic, such as your wallet The app will help you do this. The app knows your private key, you tell the wallet the transaction content, the wallet signature is announced to the entire network, and it waits for others to verify the transaction

Centralized accounting The efficiency will be higher. Banks, governments or Alipay will keep accounts for you, which is very reliable, because they can't touch your money unless they have your private key

There are some disadvantages in centralized accounting< /p>

In decentralization, everyone can keep accounts, and everyone can keep a complete ledger. Anyone can download open source programs, participate in Bitcoin's p2p network, monitor transactions sent from all over the world, become an accounting node, and participate in accounting. Suppose Xiaoyi releases a transaction and broadcasts it to the entire network, and accounting node A listens. When this transaction arrives, A verifies that the transaction bit is true and puts it into the transaction pool to continue to spread to other nodes. Because it is spread through the network, the transaction pools of different accounting nodes are not necessarily the same at the same time. Every 10 minutes, from all accounting nodes Among the nodes, select one according to a certain method. After verifying that the transaction of this node is true, then compare the transaction records in the transaction pool of this selected node with the transaction records in the transaction pool of your own (A) node. The comparison is completed. After that, the transactions recorded by the selected accounting nodes will be deleted from the transaction pool, and the other accounting nodes will continue to record and wait for the next selection. There is a cycle every 10 minutes. During this 10 minutes, all accounting nodes will record accounts normally. , choose again after 10 minutesA node takes the transactions in its transaction pool as a new block. This block comes from the transaction pool of an accounting node I randomly selected among all the accounting nodes, and the cycle continues

Transactions It is not completed when it is recorded. Only when the transaction becomes a certain block, the transaction is truly completed. This is a complete accounting process of decentralization. Your transaction will not be recorded immediately because the p2p network propagation takes time. If the node of the selected block has not received your transaction, the transaction will be not done. A block is generated every 10 minutes, but not all transactions within 10 minutes can be recorded. 10 minutes is just an average value

Due to the characteristics of decentralized accounting, accounting nodes with accounting rights will receive a 50BTC reward every ten minutes, which is about the same for every 210,000 blocks. In 4 years, the reward is halved. Bitcoin has been halved twice since its issuance. Then a new block is generated every ten minutes. The reward for this accounting node is 10.5 BTC. If it is halved every 4 years, the total number of BTC can be calculated. The amount is approximately 21 million, and it is expected to be mined in 2040. Recording the reward of a block is also the only way to issue Bitcoin. When BTC is mined, the only income that the accounting node can obtain is the transaction fee.

Accounting nodes compete for accounting rights through questions,

Find a certain random number that makes the equation invalid
SHA256 hash function (random number + parent block hash value + Transactions in the transaction pool) A certain specified value)
There is no other solution except traversing the random numbers starting from 0 and trying luck. The process of solving the problem is also called mining, so the accounting node that solves this problem is also called mining. It’s called a miner. The faster you traverse random numbers, the greater the possibility of getting the accounting rights. This traversal speed is called computing power by mine bosses. In order to obtain this computing power, mine bosses will Purchase more mining machines with higher computing power

Whoever solves the problem correctly first will get the accounting rights. Accounting node A is the first to find the solution, which is announced to the entire network. After other nodes verify that it is correct, node A obtains the block, gains 12.5 BTC, and restarts a new round of calculation after the new block. This method is called (POW) allocating accounting rights

It usually takes about 10 minutes to solve this random number. 10 is not absolute, because the process of solving this problem is a process of luck. In response to changes in computing power in the future, Bitcoin will increase or decrease the difficulty every 2016 blocks, about two weeks, so that the average block generation time is ten minutes

Each block contains The encrypted hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually represented by a hash value calculated by the Merkle tree algorithm) are included. This design makes the block content haveDifficult to tamper with. Distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties and permanently verify the transaction.

Different from traditional stored data, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Each node of the blockchain is independent and has equal status, relying on The consensus mechanism ensures storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through a central node.

Mahjong is a traditional Chinese blockchain project. A group of four miners work together. The miner who first collides with the correct hash value of 13 numbers can obtain the accounting rights and be rewarded.

Many people say that blockchain is a scam and Bitcoin is a scam. This may be a scam, but this technology has been widely recognized and applied. The cryptography knowledge involved in blockchain can only be used by ordinary people. Even if you don’t understand it, the most important thing is to look at the problem from a relatively rational perspective. Don’t let the wind be the rain.

There is something incredible about this technology. It maintains absolute order without a center or supervision. This is the trust that only needs to be established by everyone’s consensus. Bitcoin created this consensus, and in the blockchain In the world everyone is fair and equal.

㈢ Are the recent mining systems useful in the development of blockchain technology?

I don’t know what the recent mining systems the poster is referring to? But I can teach you here how to identify the application of blockchain technology

Blockchain technology has several characteristics, including decentralization, distributed storage, traceability, and non-tamperability.

The poster can judge from the above characteristics. Decentralization means that everyone can view the data of applications using blockchain technology, but it cannot be tampered with, and data will not be lost due to a single node. , you can see the source of each application. Some enthusiasts of Nanning blockchain development also have some understanding of these applications.

㈣ The similarities and differences between mining and blockchain, what are the differences? Does anyone understand?

Blockchain is a technology, blockchain Technology is a decentralized distributed ledger database that can have many applications based on blockchain technology
Mining is a product based on blockchain technology. Mine refers to the virtual currency launched by various companies, also called Tokens have different names, and people who mine are called miners

㈤ Things you must know when entering the currency circle: What is mining?

The theme of this article is What is mining in the currency circle? In this article, we will look at this issue through three different levels: appearance, algorithm, and essence. I hope everyone can stick to the three-level view. If you are familiar with the currency circle, you can also Look directly at the third floor.

First level: on the surface

Some people say that Bitcoin is expected to be mined out in 2140, with a total of 21 million coins. In fact, anyone who understands the Bitcoin algorithm knows very well that Bitcoin will never be mined out1, but it may take several years or even It takes decades or hundreds of years to dig out one, so naturally no one digs it out, which is equivalent to digging it out. By the same token, the total number of Bitcoins, 21 million, is ultimately just an approximate number.

What do you see in mining? Take Bitcoin, the founder of the currency circle, as an example. Mining digs digital blocks one by one, and this block is called "electronic currency". This is of course not the essence of this article.

The reason why it can be called currency is that it can be used for physical or legal currency transactions among its believers. Therefore, there is no doubt that everyone agrees that what mining in the currency circle mines is "electronic currency". currency".

The second layer: from an algorithmic point of view

At this level, we still use Bitcoin, the pioneer currency in the currency circle, to explain.

As mentioned before, Bitcoin mining will become more and more difficult to mine as time goes by. Why is this? Because in the Bitcoin algorithm, there is a dynamically adjusted difficulty value. This difficulty value will continue to increase as time goes by to ensure that Bitcoin becomes increasingly difficult to mine. I won’t go into details here about how to adjust the difficulty value. Readers should first know that there is such a thing as a difficulty value.

Bitcoin mining is calculated using the hash value of the previous block (a string of data similar to this), random numbers, and some other data to obtain another hash value. If If the hash value obtained is smaller than a hash value determined by the difficulty value, it is considered a mine.

To put it more simply (commonly speaking is inaccurate

), for example, based on the current difficulty value, we determine that all hash values ​​calculated by mining are It needs to be less than the hash value corresponding to the difficulty. Then if there are more 0s in front of the hash value dug, it means you have dug the mine.

You have now seen that what Bitcoin mining mines is the hash value calculated from a piece of data. You can discuss the value of this string of numbers.

Some people say that mining Bitcoin is solving mathematics.Problem, I think if mining Bitcoin can solve mathematical problems, it will indeed be a contribution to the mathematics community. But in fact, everyone should understand that there is no mathematical problem at all, just some random things to try to see if the hash value obtained through certain calculations is small enough.

By this point everyone should understand that from the algorithm point of view, what the currency circle mines is a calculated string of numbers. Here we only use Bitcoin as an explanation. Other coins may have different algorithms. , but the essence is the same.

The third layer: the essence of mining

The currency circle is really booming in 2017, and the value of various coins is dozens or even hundreds of times. Growth, even air coins can attract many investors to follow up.

The hot currency market has caused many people who don’t even know what blockchain is and what Bitcoin is to rush in, because everyone has seen the crazy appreciation of various currencies, but The good times did not last long. After Bitcoin reached a peak of US$20,000 in December 2017, it began to decline. As a result, some people may not even have a good Spring Festival in 2018.

Since I want to enter the currency circle, I think it is best to first understand the nature of mining in the currency circle, otherwise it will not be unfair to become a leek.

In my opinion, the essence of currency mining is believers. No matter what currency it is, if there are many believers, the value will be high, if there are few believers, the value will be low, and if there are not enough believers, it will be broken directly.

The popularity of the currency market last year has caused many people who had not paid much attention to virtual currencies before, and even people who had never heard of Bitcoin before, to see others making a fortune in the currency world. They blindly become believers and become a mine for first entrants. By December 2017, after experiencing the madness, how many people still dared to believe that it could continue to rise. Without the entry of new believers, various currencies would have lost their "mineral sources" and thus lost their growth momentum.

Now that we understand that mining in the currency circle is driven by believers, how long a currency can persist depends on how long the believers can persist. A virtual currency that cannot bring real value. If there are no new believers, the original believers will slowly lose confidence and patience. When the original believers also begin toIf you give up, this currency will be destroyed soon.

The above is my personal opinion. If you agree with me, please like and forward it. If you have different opinions, please leave a civilized message. Discussion is welcome.

Summary

The last sentence summarizes that blockchain technology has a broad application space, but virtual currency is water without a source after all, and the "mine" will one day be mined. Finished, you can look forward to my next article for the specific reasons: "Where are the application scenarios of blockchain?" Teach you two steps to find the application scenarios of blockchain".

1. It is relative that Bitcoin will never be mined completely. If we can ensure that the computing power of mining Bitcoin will not decrease and never give up, we will mine it to the end one day. One piece, but the reality is that when the difficulty increases to a certain value, some computing power will give up. Although it is guaranteed that the number that can be mined remains unchanged within a period of time, the mining difficulty in the algorithm may decrease as the computing power decreases. Decrease, which will lead to an increase in the total amount that can be mined.

About the author:

Li Jingchen, the founder of Ziwuyou, a former online coder, an independent game producer, and a classic Internet person who self-researches and uses blockchain technology.

㈥ How does blockchain mining make money

The principle of making money from mining: PoW and mining.

In the beginning, Bitcoin could be mined using graphics cards, but in 2013, it was no longer possible to mine Bitcoin BTC using general-purpose computing programs for graphics cards. Bitcoins are now all mined using ASIC mining machines. ".

Similarly, the launch of Litecoin ASIC mining machines in 2014 also ended the history of Litecoin mining using graphics cards. The current digital currencies that graphics cards can "mine" are Ethereum ETH, Ethereum Classic ETC, and Zcash Zerocoin ZEC.

Graphics card "mining" is not a profitable business. In fact, the earlier you start, the higher the income will be, and the income will decrease as more miners and graphics cards are added.

To put it bluntly, buying a high-priced graphics card to enter "mining" will definitely kill you. Purchasing a professional mining machine is a more cost-effective choice. Nowadays, the essential tool for personal mining is a mining pool. The function of a mining pool is to gather a large number of mining machine computing power to increase your chances of mining coins. At the same time, the coins you can mine in the future are evenly distributed to your account in advance.inside.

Take Bitcoin as an example. If the entire Bitcoin network now generates a block every 10 minutes, this block contains 25 Bitcoins. Assuming that there are 10,000 people in the world participating in mining, then within these 10 minutes, only one lucky person will take away the 25 Bitcoins.

Others have nothing to gain. The principle of the mining pool is that everyone forms a team to mine and allocate according to the agreed distribution method, so that the miners' mining returns tend to be stable and the miners' risks are reduced.

In order to enhance the cost performance, you can also purchase some practical mining machines like Wanke Cloud, which can be used as ordinary hardware products and can also be used for mining, killing two birds with one stone.

(6) Does mining all use blockchain? Extended reading

There are several core operations of blockchain transactions and digital currencies:

The transaction network connected by decentralized databases is called the blockchain. All our clients (including mining machines) keep accounts together, confirm transfer transactions, and issue a certain amount of digital currency according to time.

Because the winner takes all, small and medium-sized retail miners have to unite to form a "mining pool" and record the cumulative workload in Shares. The higher the joint computing power, the greater the probability that the mining pool consortium will find the digital currency first. Large, increase the probability of finding newly issued digital currencies, and divide the mined digital currencies. This is called the PoW workload proof mechanism.

㈦ What is mining and how to mine

To put it simply, mining is to use a chip to perform a calculation related to random numbers, and then obtain the answer in exchange for a virtual currency. Virtual currencies can be exchanged for currencies of various countries through certain channels. The chip with stronger computing power can find this random answer faster, and theoretically can produce more virtual coins per unit of time. Since it involves random numbers, you can only get rewards if you happen to find the answer. It is possible that one chip will find the answer in the next second, or it is possible that ten chips will not find the answer for a week. The more chips can be calculated simultaneously, the easier it is to find the answer, and mining machines with built-in multi-chips have appeared. And multiple mining machines forming a "mine" to mine at the same time can improve efficiency. Mining pools are composed of multiple "self-employed individuals" joining an organization to mine together. No matter who finds the answer and mines the virtual currency, everyone will simultaneously receive corresponding rewards based on the computing power they contributed. This method can make the "self-employed" income more Stablize.

Give a popular example:

I randomly write a string of numbers on a piece of paper and give some hints. Whoever guesses correctly will give him a bonus (mining)

Smart people can make more guesses based on prompts (computing power)

Someone pays many people to come back and guess together (mine)

Someone calls everyone together Guess, no matter who guesses, the bonus will be distributed in proportion to the number of guesses made by each person (mining pool)

As you can see from the above example, the smarter the person, the more guesses he or she can make, and the greater the chance of guessing. The bigger it is, the more you can get accordinglyincome.

We often watch There are miners who constantly upgrade their computer configurations or buy multiple computers in order to mine. The actual purpose is to increase their computing power. The process of mining is that each miner competes with all miners to calculate that share of Bitcoin within a period of time. In essence, one person's computing power VS the global computing power. It can be seen that mining is not that easy.

What is computing power?

In the process of "mining", we need to find the corresponding solution. To find the solution, there is no fixed algorithm and we can only rely on computers. Random hash collisions. The number of hash collisions a mining machine can do per second is the representative of its "computing power", and the unit is written as hash/s.

Is mining necessary for blockchain?

Mining is not necessary for blockchain. There are many kinds of proof mechanisms, which are not necessarily necessary. To mine.
Blockchain is a
new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system.
European Crowdfunding is also a blockchain crowdfunding platform developed based on blockchain. Each crowdfunding project will issue a digital currency as an asset certificate, but this digital currency does not necessarily need to be mined. mine.