可谓区块链发展的里程碑式,什么可谓区块链发展的里程碑

区块链发展的里程碑式，是指区块链技术在发展过程中出现的重要技术成果和重要事件。其中，最具代表性的三个关键词分别是比特币、智能合约和分布式账本技术。

比特币

比特币是一种去中心化的数字货币，它是区块链技术的先驱，也是区块链技术发展的里程碑式。2008年，中本聪（Satoshi Nakamoto）发布了比特币的白皮书，提出了一种基于区块链技术的去中心化货币系统，并于2009年1月3日发布了比特币的第一个版本，从此比特币开始流行起来。

比特币的出现，让区块链技术走出了实验室，从理论上实现了去中心化的货币系统，也为后续的区块链技术发展提供了可行性。它的出现，也改变了人们对货币的理解，让货币不再受到中央银行的控制，而是受到全网用户的控制。

智能合约

智能合约是区块链技术的里程碑式，它是一种可以自动执行的合约，可以替代传统的合同，实现去中心化的合同管理。智能合约是由比尔·马斯克（Bill Massek）在1994年首次提出的，并在2015年由以太坊（Ethereum）项目正式实现，从此智能合约技术开始流行起来。

智能合约的出现，让合同变得更加可靠，更加可信，不受人为干预，可以自动执行，大大提高了合同的安全性和可靠性，也为后续的区块链技术发展提供了可行性。它的出现，也改变了人们对合同的理解，让合同不再受到人为干预，而是受到区块链技术的控制。

分布式账本技术

分布式账本技术是区块链技术的里程碑式，它是一种分布式的账本系统，可以实现去中心化的数据存储和管理。分布式账本技术是由埃隆·马斯克（Earl Massek）在1991年首次提出的，并在2009年由比特币（Bitcoin）项目正式实现，从此分布式账本技术开始流行起来。

分布式账本技术的出现，让数据变得更加安全，更加可靠，不受人为干预，可以实现去中心化的数据存储和管理，大大提高了数据的安全性和可靠性，也为后续的区块链技术发展提供了可行性。它的出现，也改变了人们对数据的理解，让数据不再受到人为干预，而是受到区块链技术的控制。

以上三个关键词，都是区块链技术发展的里程碑式，它们的出现，改变了人们对货币、合同和数据的理解，也为后续的区块链技术发展提供了可行性，对区块链技术的发展起到了重要的作用。

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㈠ Without issuing coins or engaging in ICO, how does Ant Chain trigger the largest industrial on-chain trend?

This article is reprinted with permission from Zipinwan

No Since then, the blockchain has become a collection of huge numbers. With trillions of dollars in assets, billions of nodes and hundreds of millions of users, this new technology, which was born more than ten years ago, has become a behemoth in the eyes of the global IT industry and media.

It seems that a person who has not participated in DeFi, has not studied DAO, and has not chatted about web3 in a cafe has become a sin in the career of an Internet person. Just like a British soldier in the 20th century who has never set foot on the mainland; or a Spanish sailor in the 19th century who has never set foot on the Americas, he has not received the generosity God has given to this profession.

In the past June, three interesting things happened in the blockchain world. Perhaps looking back many years later, the milestones in the history of the development of blockchain technology are implicit in it:

The Federal Reserve’s interest rate hike has led to the collapse of many cryptocurrencies, especially those that were regarded as stable coins in mid-May. After Luna was almost wiped out in value, the price of Bitcoin accelerated its decline in June, with the overall price falling by more than 75%;

On June 23, Solana, the world’s most powerful blockchain, posted on social media Shangguan announced that it will launch the web3 smartphone "Saga" and a customized web3 mobile operating system and Dapp application store;

These two major events in the web3 world are considered to be the coming of the "bear market" , a power switch between software and hardware, application bubble and underlying design. Web3 companies that have suffered heavy losses must "change their minds" and start with more pragmatic consumer applications to gain more real and valuable customers. And this behavior of moving from fiction to reality and continuing to seek value from entities may become one of the ways for blockchain to survive the potential "bear market".

In the context of the above-mentioned blockchain world, the third event seems quite meaningful:

On June 24, China’s largest blockchain technology platform, owned by Ant Group The Ant Chain announced that the scale of its "physical devices" on the chain has exceeded 5 million units.

This is the "first time" that "physical assets" in industrial blockchains have been uploaded on such a large scale globally, and it is also an unprecedented breakthrough in the scale of "physical assets". Before this, no one has ever been able to operate physical equipment on the chain on such a large scale.

That’s right, 5 million.

How long has it been since you heard numbers like 5 million in technology news in the web3 world? Looking back at the development history of web3, the last time Bitcoin users exceeded 5 million was in 2017; today, this number has exceeded 200 million. Countries like South Korea where cryptocurrencies have a huge share of the youth populationThe proportion of users in also exceeds 20%. Even some large DAO organizations and Dapp applications are close to or even exceed this number.

However, the development of blockchain technology on the industrial side is different from that on the consumer side. The latter is "booming" due to the blessing of cryptocurrency, while the former needs to understand the pain points of the industry and advance scenario by scenario. It requires hard work and is more difficult to enter large-scale commercial use.

This time, the first 5 million in this industrial blockchain can be said to be a milestone number. This means that the physical assets on the chain have passed large-scale verification - a new door to the blockchain has opened.

Lonely Industrial Blockchain

First of all, the industry has very high requirements for segmented scenarios, which means that it is difficult for service providers to meet them with the same set of standardized technical means. All needs from all walks of life. Whether it is DeFI or DAO (Note: Decentralized Autonomous Organization), a general technical model can be used to cope with large enough demand scenarios.

But for industrial blockchains, sometimes customizing a specialized industry scenario requires a lot of time and energy. Take the cooperation between Ant Chain and Chery as an example. Due to the demand for device memory and bandwidth, Ant Chain needs to compress the memory resources of the code from 300KB to 1.5KB in order to meet the requirements of the "car chain".

This kind of "perverted" code optimization demand at the level of "stuffing an elephant into the refrigerator" is unimaginable for developers such as blockchain currencies. This can also illustrate from the side how difficult it will be to achieve universal cross-chain and cross-device interaction in industrial blockchains.

Secondly, the industry has extremely high requirements for the safety, stability, and economy of the chain. This was almost an "impossible triangle" in the past.

Taking Bitcoin as an example, in order to maintain the continuous stability and reliability of the Bitcoin world, major mining farms around the world consume more than 149 terawatt-hours of electricity every year for this encryption system of 21 million currencies. If Bitcoin were a country, its electricity consumption would be comparable to Vietnam, which would rank roughly 25th in the world, equivalent to the power generation of 1.5 Three Gorges Dams. If the social electricity price of 8 cents per kilowatt hour is shared equally in my country, the cost would be 120 billion yuan a year.

For Bitcoin, as long as someone pays the bill, the game can continue. But for industrial blockchain, it is impossible to find any market entity to pay for such crazy operation and maintenance costs. Even if there is, it is not in line with the social responsibility of industrial carbon reduction. Rigid cost-benefit is a red line across the industrial blockchain.

In addition, the industry is also very cautious about encryption requirements. This is a very heavy trust, because the blockchain means a decentralized counting method. Once the system is breached by malicious hackers, it will cause complex losses. The economic model the company builds on this may lead toVulnerabilities found.

This means that unlike wallets where blockchain currencies are dispersed on different terminal devices, the platform focuses more on algorithms. In addition to strengthening encryption capabilities in terms of algorithms, industrial blockchain companies also need to provide encryption services for a full set of equipment such as information collection & modeling, terminal computing equipment, and information transmission. And every aspect of this is a large, customized project.

Involving complex hardware scenarios is a troublesome matter in itself. Let's take a car as an example. There are interferences caused by complex electronic components inside the car. At the same time, the temperature control conditions of the vehicle components during driving must also be taken into consideration.

In short, the blockchain industry is not on the same level as blockchain currency in terms of actual implementation difficulty or early technology investment costs; but for the platform’s income, there is only one after-sales service. A fraction of that. Everyone knows that using blockchain technology in the digital upgrading of the industry is "technologically practical" and is the right thing to do, but everyone knows better that this is also a difficult thing.

The "lone brave man" in the blockchain

A direct consequence of the difficulty of "industrial blockchain" is that many top talents have flowed to web3. According to statistics, approximately 34,000 developers will join DeFi in 2021, including many employees from leading Internet companies such as Google, Apple, and Facebook who will join full-time.

Compared with the flourishing of web3, the dynamics of industrial blockchain are obviously a bit deserted. On the one hand, many large technology companies look down on these unprofitable "dirty jobs"; on the other hand, start-up teams find it difficult to support the huge sunk costs and expensive market education expenses. In the global industrial blockchain field, there are still no decent unicorns.

However, although the industrial blockchain is full of difficulties, the problems on the industrial side will not disappear just because developers flee.

In many industrial scenarios, blockchain is still regarded as the best solution to break through data barriers in the industry.

Taking the logistics system of commodities as an example, my country has almost both the world’s most segmented manufacturing base and the world’s most complex commodity circulation market. This "complexity" is of course the result of the diversity of retail formats on the one hand, and on the other hand it is also due to the opacity of circulation information. A product's entire link of data from raw materials, manufacturers, distributors, logistics providers, and sales terminals is disconnected, forming fragmented information islands at each node. Every year, major consumer brands spend tens of millions of dollars in consulting fees to obtain very coarse-grained Chinese retail data that comes with heavy labor costs.

After all, no centralized data center can solve such complex data circulation problems, but industrial blockchain can do it.

Or take my country’s large energy industry network as an example. The power grid itself is a super huge network.Distributed computing systems, especially since my country has focused on the development of distributed photovoltaic power generation industry in recent years, this distributed trend will be even more enhanced; on the other hand, on the user end, new energy vehicles, battery swap stations, super charging piles, battery stations The emerging consumer network formed is naturally a distributed form.

The participating entities and data types are complex. The best way is to use a distributed computing network to cope with the distributed computing power needs.

From the perspective of business common sense, big problems and big opportunities are often equated. Or maybe it comes from the simple philosophy of a Chinese IT person. After all, wherever the problem is, someone has to do it. Although this kind of persistence seems a bit lonely compared to the surging tide of web3, this may be an inevitable necessity. It's probably like a widely circulated famous saying by a certain business tycoon:

"Loneliness is sometimes priceless."

Therefore, there are still many Chinese industrial blockchain companies that are holding on, washing away the halo of valuation myths, and they are waiting for a tomorrow together.

The "Ant Chain" disclosed this time has surpassed the milestone of 5 million physical devices being uploaded to the chain. In fact, it is focusing on the "uplinking" in the new energy industry, covering new energy vehicles, solar photovoltaics, and new energy. Batteries and many other industries. Establishing a top-level industrial blockchain on the top-level industrial chain may be an important trend in China's blockchain industry in the future.

Obviously, the "Ant Chains" are trying to take over the baton handed to them by the times. When Columbus discovered the American continent, the most people who went to the Americas were trying to colonize and pan for gold; but Columbus himself persisted in exploring Central America and discovered South America on his third voyage.

Columbus may not have been the richest man of his time, but he is a name the world will remember.

Why "Ant Chain"

What many people don't know is that Ant Group has been the largest exporter of patents in the global blockchain industry for many years. On the one hand, Ant Chain does have a strong investment in the blockchain; on the other hand, this is also related to the fact that Ant Chain does have a lot to do.

If you take a closer look at “Ant Chain”, you may be amazed at the company’s all-round and no-dead investment. It almost single-handedly managed to survive the trough of the “industrial blockchain” in The industry alone has planted a big forest. This is probably like what Liu Yu said, "Turning one person into a team."

The reason why Ant Chain was able to be the first to complete the launch of 5 million physical devices is inseparable from this all-round technical layout capability.

For example, when physical devices are put on the chain, a lot of communication collaboration with IOT technologies will be involved.

As early as June 2021, Ant Chain launched the first batch of wireless communication modules AntChain MaaS, which allows terminal devices to automatically communicate through a root of trust based on the unique characteristics of the device.Automatically connect to the blockchain and perform full-process encryption. In July, Ant Chain then released the high-speed communication network BTN (Blockchain Transmission Network), which has become a high-throughput, low-bandwidth cost blockchain “highway”.

This technology of trustworthy data on-chain and throughput capability under large broadband conditions have basically made early communication preparations for the subsequent launch of large-scale physical equipment.

However, this is just a small test of Ant Chain’s many technical reserves.

These achievements and innovative technologies were all achieved in 2021 when "industrial blockchain" was ignored by the public. These investments in underlying technology have, on the one hand, helped Ant Chain achieve the first 5 million “physical devices” on the chain globally; on the other hand, it also indicates that 5 million is just the beginning, just like in 2017 Same as Bitcoin.

Therefore, while people are still discussing the bandwidth and scalability advantages of new public chains such as Solana compared to Bitcoin and Ethereum, Ant Chain has already achieved a double billion-level on-chain Capabilities - support 1 billion account sizes, support 1 billion daily transactions, and achieve 100,000 cross-chain information processing capabilities per second (PPS)

When hackers attack ordinary users' Bitcoin wallets, However, web3 still has no hardware solution, and there is nothing that can be done about it. Ant Chain has redesigned a complete set of industrial Internet encryption systems from system architecture, terminals, and chips.

During this process, the world’s largest blockchain patent exporter has not supported an ICO or issued a single coin. They built the industrial blockchain while standing up.

In fact, the blockchain itself is a thing that produces efficiency based on trust. As Jiang Guofei, the head of Ant Chain, repeatedly told the media, "Blockchain is a deep-seated trust connection technology, (it "'s mission) is to create better links and new value transfers in all walks of life."

This is the first 5 million of the blockchain, but it is a completely different 5 million from the past understanding. It is a door for a group of lonely Chinese IT people to open the future industry.

㈡ Super Zcoin UBS mining, is the triple income true?

It’s all a scam. I'm trying to trick you into paying IQ tax. With such a high profit, the scammer has long since made his own fortune. How can he still give you the good thing of making money? Why? Everything falling from the sky is a trap!

㈢What is the development history of blockchain applications?

The development history of blockchain can be divided into three stages. Melanie Swann, founder of the Blockchain Science Institute, in her book "Blockchain: A New Economic Blueprint and Introduction", divides the application development of blockchain into three stages: Blockchain Chains 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0.

1. DistrictBlockchain 1.0 Cryptocurrency Era (2008-2013)

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concepts of Bitcoin and blockchain, and then in January 2009, the first blockchain come out. At this stage, people are paying more attention to cryptocurrency transactions, and blockchain is only the underlying technology, acting as a "public ledger".

2. Blockchain 2.0 Smart Contract Era (2014-2017)

In 2014, "Blockchain 2.0" became synonymous with decentralized blockchain databases. At this stage, people mainly focus on the application of the platform. Anyone can upload and execute smart contracts on the blockchain, and will automatically receive rewards after execution. Since this transaction process does not require any intermediary, people's privacy is greatly protected.

3. Blockchain 3.0 Large-Scale Application Era (2018-)

At this stage, people began to build a completely decentralized data network. Blockchain technology Applications are no longer limited to the economic field, but have expanded to art, law, real estate, hospitals, human resources and other fields.

㈣ What is the significance of blockchain technology services

There are three meanings:
1. Help enterprises solve business pain points more efficiently and deal with complex businesses more calmly and Track market changes faster.
2. The two iconic milestones in the development of blockchain technology, the release of Bitcoin and Ethereum/Fabric projects, have brought its decentralized, secure and tamper-proof attributes into the public eye, enabling the solution of many business problems. From impossible to possible. So why is it an enterprise-level blockchain?
3. In recent years, we have made a detailed technical comparison of the mainstream blockchain technology platforms on the market and found that there are still many problems in the application of these platforms in enterprises. Only enterprise-level blockchain can cope with such massive amounts of data. data, carrying complex business systems. The enterprise-level blockchain cloud service platform Renren is building is precisely to solve these problems and help enterprises achieve out-of-the-box use through one-stop integration, continuous delivery, data visualization and support for multiple bottom layers.

㈤ How does Super Zerocoin make money? How does SuperZerocoin make money?

This involves the knowledge of blockchain, which is like virtual currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. Coin is a principle, they have their underlying structure, and then develop link extension products related to them on the underlying structure, so that they can earn a certain service fee, and their own super-zero coins will become more and more valuable.

㈥ What is a milestone in the development of blockchain

1. Satoshi Nakamoto’s paper-Bitcoin White Paper

In 2008, credit was too loose in the United States under standard, the huge bubble created by housing lending triggered a series of financial crises that started in September 2008.

On Sunday, September 14, Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy after the U.S. Federal Reserve refused to provide A-funded support assistance, and on the same day Merrill Lynch announced that it was acquired by Bank of America. These two events marked the starting point of the financial crisis, which in turn triggered the global stock market crash and the Great Financial Recession. Many investors suffered heavy losses and made people begin to distrust the totalitarian financial system.

2. Genesis Block

2009 On January 3, 2018, the first Bitcoin block was born after the first batch of miners obtained 50 Bitcoins through mining. This also marked the official birth of the Bitcoin financial system. But interestingly, in Bitcoin Several years after the advent of blockchain, people discovered a hexadecimal string in line #1616 of Coinbase’s genesis block transaction code.

After converting this string into alphanumeric characters, you will get "sknab rof tuoliab dnoces fo knirb no rollecnahC 9002/naJ/30 semiT ehT". The reverse reading is "The Times 03/Jan/2009" Chancellor on brink of second lout for banks” is the founding date of Bitcoin and the message left by Satoshi Nakamoto in the original transaction.

3. The first Bitcoin payment – ​​PizzaDay

Laszlo Hanyecz is a Floridian and engineer working at the online retail company GoRuck, but if you are in the currency circle, you You must have heard some of his amazing deeds: Hanyecz used 10,000 Bitcoins (BTC) to buy two slices of pizza from Papa John's from netizens on May 22, 2010, which is a $25 pizza. Today, 10,000 Bitcoins are worth approximately for US$40 million.

The man named Jeremy Sturdivant (online name "Jercos") was the person who originally received 10,000 Bitcoins in exchange for two slices of pizza to Hanyecz. The importance of this transaction is that this is the first time in the history of Bitcoin that physical transactions have been carried out, proving that Bitcoin does have the function of price transfer in the real world.

4. Mt. Gox, the largest exchange hacking incident in history

On February 24, 2014, Mt. Gox was the largest Bitcoin exchange at the time. Mark Karpeles, CEO of the exchange, announced his withdrawal from the Bitcoin Foundation in his blog. Subsequent visits to Mt. Gox will only return a blank page.

On February 28, 2014, Mt. Gox filed for bankruptcy protection with the Tokyo District Court.According to data from the bankruptcy research institution "Teikoku Databank, Ltd.", Mt. Gox's liabilities reached 6.5 billion yen and its revenue in 2013 was 135 million yen. Teikoku Databank, Ltd. stated in a press release that Mt. .Gox later discovered that 100,000 of its own Bitcoins and 750,000 of its users’ Bitcoins had been stolen.

5. The advent of Ethereum

On July 30, 2015, the first Ethereum was officially launched, named Frontier. All the Ethereum promised to early investors was successfully delivered, and developers began to weave their dreams on Ethereum.

Part II—Constantinople of the third version of Ethereum Metropolis will be launched soon (currently postponed to the middle of next year). Although the current price of Ethereum is less than 10% of this year’s high, In the past three years, we have witnessed the innovations that Ethereum has brought to the world: including the Ethereum Virtual Machine, smart contracts, Dapps, permissioned shared ledgers (Permissioned Ledger), etc.

Although Ethereum is facing expansion difficulties and is still waiting for technological updates, in 17 and 18 years, many underlying public chains emerged as application platforms, that is, many competitors of Ethereum, opening up the "multiple "Chain Era". At present, there are many dApp developers who are turning to other public chains due to the limitations of Ethereum's current TPS. Some people believe that the future will be a scenario of "multiple chains in parallel, one for each chain."

㈦ Why 2017 is the most critical year for blockchain

The following are the reasons why 2017 will be the most critical year for blockchain:

Bitcoin’s Enduring Value

Bitcoin, the original tool for blockchain, ended 2016 on a high note, which is a good sign.

Shortly after the new year, "Fortune" reported,

"After experiencing a boom in 2016, the price of Bitcoin has reached $1,000, rising since the beginning of this year. up 120% until recently reaching a three-year high. Reasons including the depreciation of the yuan, the risk of China’s currency controls, and geopolitical instability have all been cited as key factors in the cryptocurrency’s success. Bitcoin’s iconic one Another reason for the year is its retention power - the longer it is, the more familiar it will be, and it will become more like a true store of value."

Whether it's fair or not, blockchain technology The feasibility of Bitcoin is always inseparable from the performance of Bitcoin. If decentralized databases can be successful in finance, they could be used more widely elsewhere. As is customary, the healthy growth of digital currencies has sparked discussions about how to integrate blockchain into new areas. With a healthy Bitcoin, blockchain can expand rapidly in other areas.

Existing Participants

Of course, this has been around for a while, as the blockchain has been firmly tied to Bitcoin. Over the years, many groups have invested heavily in making the technology more widely available, adding new features and creating new applications. If 2017 is to be a great year for blockchain, these existing players must be ready to grow with it.

A sign of this trend is that before the end of 2016, the Hyperledger project added 8 new members. Software company CA technologies, blockchain project Factcom Foundation, healthcare alliance Hashed Health, South Korea's Koscom, accounting firm LedgerDomain, trading ecosystem developer Lykee, Sovrin Foundation and telecommunications company Swisscom have all joined the project's top 100 list.

The Hyperledger project enters 2017 with an impressive roster of members and plans to introduce blockchain feasibility case studies in real use cases.

New Investments

In a sign of the progress the technology will make this year, companies around the world are laying the groundwork to take advantage of blockchain's status. According to Bloomberg Technology, global companies applied for or accepted 356 blockchain or digital currency-related patent applications in November last year, almost double the number in the first month of 2016.

Marc Kaufman, fintech intellectual property expert at Reed Smith, told Bloomberg:

“We are witnessing an exponential increase in the number of patent applications and we expect that in the next five years we will Seeing thousands of blockchain patents.”

Companies are filing patents at such a rapid pace because blockchain is finally moving from utopia to digital ledger tool, and the number of patents is increasing exponentially With the new discoveries of blockchain, blockchain will enjoy wider legitimacy in 2017.

Only time will tell what the development trend of blockchain will be in 2017, and vice versa, but it is obvious that the status of blockchain technology is visible to everyone, and it also proves that early investors have expectations of its potential, and that new potential may be developed in the future.

Blockchain has also become the darling of the financial community in China and has become a hot topic. All major domestic financial institutions have tested blockchain projects. China Post and IBM collaborated to develop a blockchain asset custody system; Puyin Group launched the tea-based digital currency Puyin.

What can be called a milestone in the development of blockchain

Smart contracts.

Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms, allowing trusted transactions without a third party.Transactions, which are traceable and irreversible. The concept of smart contracts was first proposed by Nick Szabo in 1995. The purpose of smart contracts is to provide a method of security that is superior to traditional contracts and to reduce other transaction costs associated with contracts.

(8) It can be said to be a milestone in the development of blockchain. Extended reading

The digital form means that the contract must be written in computer-readable code. This is necessary because as long as the parties reach an agreement, the rights and obligations established by the smart contract are executed by a computer or computer network.

Further explanation:

(1) Reaching an agreement

When the participants of a smart contract reach an agreement, the answer depends on the specific smart contract implementation. Generally speaking, a contract is discovered when a party commits to its execution by installing the contract on the contract hosting platform.

(2) Contract execution

The true meaning of "execution" also depends on implementation. Generally speaking, implementation means active implementation through technical means.

(3) Computer-readable code

In addition, the specific "digital form" required for the contract depends very much on the protocol the parties agree to use.