Python实现区块链技术

第一个关键词：Python

Python是一种高级编程语言，它是一种解释型、面向对象的动态类型语言，有着丰富的内置库和第三方库，支持多种编程范式，可以用来开发各种应用程序。Python语言具有良好的可读性、可扩展性和可维护性，以及丰富的库，使其成为当今最受欢迎的编程语言之一。

第二个关键词：区块链

区块链是一种分布式账本技术，它可以创建一个安全、可信赖的网络，可以记录和存储交易信息。它的最大优势在于，它可以在网络中记录每一笔交易，而且这些交易是不可篡改的。这种技术可以用来保护金融交易的安全，也可以用来改善政府机构的效率。

第三个关键词：Python实现区块链技术

Python实现区块链技术是一种使用Python编程语言来构建区块链应用程序的技术。Python提供了一种简便的方式来构建区块链应用程序，可以更快、更容易地开发出可靠的、安全的应用程序。此外，Python还提供了一系列的API，可以让开发者更方便地使用区块链技术，比如构建智能合约、构建去中心化应用等等。

总之，Python实现区块链技术是一种可以帮助开发者更快、更容易地构建区块链应用程序的技术，它不仅可以提高开发效率，而且还可以让开发者更好地利用区块链技术，构建出更安全、更可靠的应用程序。

Ⅰ Can Python do blockchain?

Of course it can
1 import hashlib as hasher
2 import datetime as date
3 < br /> 4 # Define what a Snakecoin block is
5 class Block:
6 def __init__(self, index, timestamp, data, previous_hash):
7 self.index = index
/> 8 self.timestamp = timestamp
9 self.data = data
10 self.previous_hash = previous_hash
11 self.hash = self.hash_block()
12
13 def hash_block(self):
14 sha = hasher.sha256()
15 sha.update(str(self.index) + str(self.timestamp) + str(self.data) + str(self.previous_hash))
16 return sha.hexdigest()
17
18 # Generate genesis block
19 def create_genesis_block():
20 # Manually construct a block with
21 # index zero and arbitrary previous hash
22 return Block(0, date.datetime.now(), "Genesis Block", "0")
23
24 # Generate all later blocks in the blockchain
25 def next_block(last_block):
26 this_index = last_block.index + 1
27 this_timestamp = date.datetime.now()
28 this_data = "Hey! I'm block " + str(this_index)< br />29 this_hash = last_block.hash
30 return Block(this_index, this_timestamp, this_data, this_hash)
31
32 # Create the blockchain and add the genesis block
33 blockchain = [create_genesis_block()]
34 previous_block = blockchain[0]
35
36 # How many blocks should we add to the chain
37 # after the genesis block
38 num_of_blocks_to_add = 20
39
40 # Add blocks to the chain
41 for i in range(0, num_of_blocks_to_add):
42 block_to_add = next_block(previous_block)
43 blockchain.append(block_to_add)
44 previous_block = block_to_add
45 # Tell about it!
46 print "Block #{} has been added to the blockchain!".format(block_to_add everyone .index)
47 print "Hash: {}\n".format(block_to_add.hash)

Ⅱ pWhat is Python blockchain?

Python is a computer language. Blockchain is a centerless decentralized database protocol. Most blockchains are developed in C++ (for performance reasons ). There is no direct relationship between python and blockchain, and few people use python to develop blockchain.

Ⅲ If you want to get started quickly with blockchain technology, what programming languages ​​are generally involved

Any computer language can implement blockchain in applications in a specific field. Technology;

Which language to use depends entirely on the technical requirements of our enterprise projects in the corresponding fields, and more importantly: effective connection with existing information systems.

The "Fada" that we are familiar with (although the name is not very nice, and even sounds a bit confusing at first), it is actually preparing to adopt the latest The blockchain technology is restructured; the contract platform using blockchain technology becomes more trustworthy and makes it easier for people to sign various business contracts in the Internet era.

There are also "credit reporting systems" like ours, which are also very suitable for transformation with blockchain technology. This can make it more convincing and avoid the situation where a unit or even any key technical personnel can add "credit tainted data" to it at will.

There are also P2P loans like ours, if they can be restructured with blockchain technology, they can also become more trustworthy and avoid such breaches of trust as defaults and running away with money.

IV How to learn blockchain technology

1. Technical language

Python and Go It is a technical language mentioned by many companies in recruitment. Need to prioritize learning. Moreover, these two languages ​​​​also have great applications in technical directions other than blockchain. For example, Go is used in the background construction of large-scale concurrent systems, and Python is used in the construction of artificial intelligence systems. So learning these two languages ​​is a priority.

2. Technical framework

Master one or more of Bitcoin, ETH and Hyperledger. Needless to say about BTC, the bottom layer is written in C++. A large number of currency projects, such as Litecoin, Dash, Monero, zcash, etc., all use Bitcoin technology for secondary development.

ETH is the representative of blockchain 2.0, and various application Dapps can be built on the ETH network. Nowadays, a large number of application blockchain projects are developed using the ETH platform.

Hyperledger fabric is a blockchain development platform promoted by IBM. It is mainly used for the development of alliance chains. It is currently the most popular alliance chain development platform.

3, Algorithm

POW (Proof of Work Algorithm), POS (Proof of Stake Algorithm), PBFT (Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm), etc. are all important components of the cryptography part of the blockchain, and there is sufficient understanding of these algorithms. Understanding it will help you have a better understanding of the cryptography part when participating in the underlying development of blockchain projects.

(4) Python implements blockchain technology Extended reading:

Blockchain technology is a distributed accounting technology. Its characteristics are decentralization, openness and transparency, allowing everyone to participate in the establishment of the database, and each established data cannot be tampered with. With everyone participating, the problem of trust between strangers is resolved.

Blockchain technology has emerged. It is an accounting technology that allows all people to participate. The transaction information and data between AB are published to the public and cannot be tampered with. Everyone knows that this has happened. Then there is no need for an authoritative third-party C, or everyone in the system plays the role of C. This is also called decentralization.

IV What technologies are needed for Python?

Share the Python learning route.
The first stage is Python basics and Linux database. This is the introductory stage of Python, and it is also an important stage to help zero-based students lay a solid foundation. You need to master Python's basic syntax rules and variables, logic control, built-in data structures, file operations, advanced functions, modules, commonly used standard library modules, functions, exception handling, MySQL usage, coroutines and other knowledge points.
Learning goals: Master the basic syntax of Python, have basic programming skills; master the basic operating commands of Linux, master the advanced content of MySQL, and complete projects such as bank ATM system practice, English-Chinese dictionary, lyrics parser, etc.
The second stage of WEB full stack. This part mainly studies Web front-end related technologies. You need to master HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery, BootStrap, Web development basics, VUE, Flask Views, Flask templates, database operations, Flask configuration and other knowledge.
Learning objectives: Master the technical content of WEB front-end, master the WEB back-end framework, be proficient in using Flask, Tornado, and Django, and be able to complete data monitoring back-end projects.
The third stage is data analysis + artificial intelligence. This part is mainly about learning crawler-related knowledge points. You need to master data crawling, data extraction, data storage, crawler concurrency, dynamic web crawling, scrapy framework, distributed crawler, crawler attack and defense, data structure, algorithm and other knowledge.
Learning objectives: Be able to master crawlers, data collection, data organization and algorithm advancement, and artificial intelligence technology. Can complete crawler attack and defense, graphMovie mosaic, movie recommendation system, earthquake prediction, artificial intelligence project and other stage projects.
The fourth stage of advanced advancement. This is an advanced knowledge point of Python. You need to learn the project development process, deployment, high concurrency, performance tuning, Go language basics, introduction to blockchain, etc.
Learning objectives: Can master automated operation and maintenance and blockchain development technology, and can complete automated operation and maintenance projects, blockchain and other projects.
After learning according to the above Python learning roadmap, you can basically become a qualified Python development engineer. Of course, if you want to quickly become an elite talent recruited by companies, you need to have good teachers to guide you, and you also need to accumulate practical experience in more projects.
Self-study itself is difficult, and learning it step by step will definitely be comprehensive and solid. If you want to learn a specific part, you can directly skip the modules that are not needed for the time being and learn the specific modules you need. You can read more Some different video learning.

VI Introduction to blockchain technology, which programming languages ​​are involved

Go is an open source programming language that makes it easy to construct simple, reliable and efficient software. If you want to learn this programming language, you must first find a good tutorial. Brothers in Arms Go Language + Blockchain Training has recently released a new set of Go language tutorials, and the teacher’s lectures are very good!

As the concept of "blockchain" is being discussed globally, related blockchain technology applications have quietly been added to daily life scenarios such as finance, logistics, credit reporting, manufacturing, and retail. Some experts said that in the future, blockchain will be closely related to people's lives, and the integration of blockchain technology into people's daily lives is the general trend.

The popularity of the blockchain market has triggered a large demand for talents based on blockchain technical personnel, and the popularity of blockchain talents is rising at light speed. According to the "2018 Blockchain High Salary List" released by Lagou.com, domestic corporate giants such as Tencent, Xiaomi, Suning, and JD.com have released numerous high-paying blockchain job requirements in an effort to explore blockchain-related technologies and applications. The list also points out that high-paying positions are mainly in demand for blockchain-related technical positions, among which Suning and Keda have given the highest monthly salary of 100k.

The huge market demand for technical talents will inevitably drive the explosive emergence and growth of the entire blockchain training market. Most training models can be divided into online training, traditional IT institution training and high-end offline short-term training camps. However, the market is also full of various blockchain training chaos during the hot evolution: the instructor qualifications are watered down. , Even the most basic names are not disclosed, the course syllabus is opaque, the teaching quality has shrunk, the class schedule is unreasonable, and the training fee standards are uneven, etc.

With the large-scale development of the entire blockchain training market, Brothers in Arms Education has joined hands with senior blockchain expert Yin Cheng and his Tsinghua Shuimu Weiming team to establish the blockchainChain Academy, using its professional and powerful team of technical lecturers, detailed and comprehensive curriculum system and massive actual enterprise blockchain projects, aims to deepen the field of blockchain education and training and cultivate more professional technical talents for enterprises and society. .

Yin Cheng, a senior blockchain technology expert and the dean of Brotherhood Blockchain Academy, graduated from Tsinghua University. He has served as a Google algorithm engineer, the world's most valuable expert in the Microsoft blockchain field, and a Microsoft Tech.Ed conference Gold medal lecturer. Proficient in C/C++, Python, Go language, Sicikit-Learn and TensorFlow. With 15 years of programming experience and 5 years of teaching experience, he is a senior software architect, Intel software technology expert, a famous technical expert, and has many years of working experience in the world's top IT companies, Microsoft and Google. He has many years of experience in software programming and teaching as a lecturer, and has developed many products in human-computer interaction, education, information security, advertising, and blockchain systems. He has profound project management experience and R&D experience, holds two artificial intelligence invention patents, and has practical experience in developing electronic currency and deploying it to Microsoft Windows Azure. The teaching explanations are simple and profound, so that students can apply what they have learned.

Ⅶ Introduction to blockchain technology, which programming languages ​​are involved

Go language

Go language (Golang) is a brand-new programming language launched by Google in 2009 Language that can reduce the complexity of code without sacrificing application performance. Rob Pike, chief software engineer at Google, said: "We developed Go because the difficulty of software development over the past 10 years or so has been frustrating."

In addition to Bitcoin being developed in C, At present, the clients of most mainstream workshops are developed with Go language, which is enough to show the status of Go language in the entire blockchain industry.

C

C further expands and improves the C language and is an object-oriented programming language. C runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, MAC operating systems, and various versions of UNIX. C is a very widely used computer programming language. It is a general programming language that supports multiple programming patterns, such as procedural programming, data abstraction, object-oriented programming, generic programming, and design patterns.

Most blockchain companies choose to use C to write the bottom layer of the blockchain. The most famous ones are Bitcoin, Ripple, etc., which mainly reflect strong computation.

Java

Java is different from general compiled languages ​​or interpreted languages. It first compiles the source code into bytecode, and then relies on virtual machines on various platforms to interpret and execute the bytecode, thereby achieving the cross-platform feature of "write once, run anywhere". The development of blockchain projects has obvious dependence on Java.

Others include Python, system architecture, Ethereum, Linux, hyperledger, JavaScript, etc. will all be involved.

ⅧHow to learn Python

For many friends who want to learn Python, they don’t know where to start. Xiaowo has compiled a learning route for Python full-stack development. You can study according to the following outline:

The first stage: professional core foundation

Phase goals:
1. Be proficient in the Python development environment and Core programming knowledge
2. Proficient in using Python object-oriented knowledge for program development
3. Have in-depth understanding of Python’s core libraries and components
4. Proficient in using SQL statements for common database operations
/>5. Proficient in using Linux operating system commands and environment configuration
6. Proficient in using MySQL and mastering advanced database operations
7. Ability to comprehensively apply learned knowledge to complete projects

Knowledge Points:
Python programming basics, Python object-oriented, Python advanced advancement, MySQL database, Linux operating system.
1. Python programming basics, syntax rules, functions and parameters, data types, modules and packages, file IO, cultivate solid basic Python programming skills, and be proficient in the programming of Python core objects and libraries.
2. Python object-oriented, core objects, exception handling, multi-threading, network programming, have a deep understanding of object-oriented programming, exception handling mechanism, multi-threading principles, network protocol knowledge, and skillfully apply it in projects.
3. Principles of classes, MetaClass, underlined special methods, recursion, magic methods, reflection, iterators, decorators, UnitTest, Mock. Deeply understand the underlying principles of object-oriented, master advanced Python development techniques, and understand unit testing technology.
4. Database knowledge, paradigm, MySQL configuration, commands, database and table creation, data addition, deletion, modification and query, constraints, views, stored procedures, functions, triggers, transactions, cursors, PDBC, in-depth understanding of the database management system General knowledge and use and management of MySQL database. Lay a solid foundation for Python backend development.
5. Linux installation and configuration, file directory operations, VI commands, management, users and permissions, environment configuration, Docker, Shell programming. As a mainstream server operating system, Linux is a key technology that every development engineer must master. And be able to use it skillfully.

The second phase: PythonWEB development

/>Phase goals:
1. Proficient in Web front-end development technology, HTML, CSS, JavaScript and front-end frameworks
2. In-depth understanding of the front-end and back-end interaction processes and communication protocols in the Web system
3 . Proficient in using Web front-end and mainstream frameworks such as Django and Flask to complete Web system development
4. In-depth understanding of network protocols, distribution, PDBC, AJAX, JSON and other knowledge
5. Able to use the knowledge learned to develop a MiniWeb framework, master the principles of framework implementation
6. Use the Web development framework to implement the project

Knowledge points:
Web front-end programming, Web front-end advanced, Django development framework, Flask development framework , Web development project practice.
1. Master the front-end development technology of Web page elements, layout, CSS styles, box models, JavaScript, JQuery and Bootstrap, master the JQuery and BootStrap front-end development frameworks, and complete page layout and beautification.
2. Front-end development framework Vue, JSON data, network communication protocol, Web server and front-end interaction. Proficient in using Vue framework, in-depth understanding of HTTP network protocol, proficient in using Swagger, AJAX technology to achieve front-end and back-end interaction.
3. Customize web development framework, basic use of Django framework, Model attributes and backend configuration, Cookie and Session, Templates, ORM data model, Redis second-level cache, RESTful, MVC model. Master the common APIs of Django framework , integrate front-end technology and develop complete WEB systems and frameworks.
4. Flask installation and configuration, initialization and configuration of App objects, routing of view functions, Request objects, Abort functions, custom errors, return values ​​of view functions, Flask context and request hooks, templates, database extension package Flask -Sqlalchemy, database migration extension package Flask-Migrate, email extension package Flask-Mail. Master the common APIs of the Flask framework, the similarities and differences with the Django framework, and be able to independently develop a complete WEB system development.

The third stage: crawler and data analysis

Phase goals:
1. Be proficient in crawler operating principles and the use of common network packet capture tools, and be able to analyze HTTP and HTTPS protocol for packet capture analysis
2. Proficient in various common web page structure parsing libraries to parse and extract crawling results
3. Proficient in various common anti-crawling mechanisms and response strategies, and able to target Common reactionsCrawling measures are used for processing
4. Proficient in using the commercial crawler framework Scrapy to write large-scale web crawlers for distributed content crawling
5. Proficient in concepts and workflows related to data analysis
6. Proficient in the mainstream Use of data analysis tools Numpy, Pandas and Matplotlib
7. Proficient in data cleaning, organization, format conversion, and data analysis report writing
8. Able to comprehensively use crawlers to crawl Douban movie review data and complete the data Analyze the actual practice of the whole process project

Knowledge points:
Web crawler development, Numpy for data analysis, and Pandas for data analysis.
1. Crawler page crawling principles, crawling process, page parsing tools LXML, Beautifulfoup, regular expressions, proxy pool writing and architecture, common anti-crawling measures and solutions, crawler framework structure, commercial crawler framework Scrapy, Based on the analysis and understanding of crawler crawling principles, website data crawling processes and network protocols, master the use of web page parsing tools, be able to flexibly respond to the anti-crawling strategies of most websites, have the ability to independently complete the writing of crawler frameworks and proficiently apply large-scale The ability of commercial crawler frameworks to write distributed crawlers.
2. Characteristics of ndarray data structure in Numpy, data types supported by numpy, built-in array creation methods, arithmetic operators, matrix products, auto-increment and auto-decrement, general functions and aggregate functions, slice index, The vectorization and broadcast mechanism of ndarray, familiar with the common use of Numpy, one of the three most powerful tools for data analysis, familiar with the characteristics and common operations of ndarray data structure, and mastering operations such as slicing, indexing, and matrix operations for ndarray arrays of different dimensions.
3. The three major data structures in Pandas include the basic concepts and uses of Dataframe, Series and Index objects, replacement of index objects and deletion of indexes, arithmetic and data alignment methods, data cleaning and data regularization, and structural conversion. Be familiar with the common uses of Pandas, one of the three major tools for data analysis, and be familiar with the use of the three major data objects in Pandas. Be able to use Pandas to complete the most important data cleaning, format conversion and data regularization work in data analysis, and read files with Pandas. and operating methods.
4. Matplotlib three-layer structure system, drawing of various common chart types such as line charts, bar charts, stacked bar charts, and pie charts, adding legends, text, and markings, and saving visual files. Familiar with data analysis three Common uses of Matplotlib, one of the most powerful tools. Familiar with the three-layer structure of Matplotlib, and can skillfully use Matplotlib to draw various common data analysis charts. Be able to comprehensively utilize various data analysis and visualization tools taught in the course to complete the stock marketFull practical implementation of projects such as data analysis and prediction, data analysis of shared bicycle user groups, and global happiness index data analysis.

The fourth stage: machine learning and artificial intelligence

Phase goals:
1. Understand the basic concepts and system processing procedures related to machine learning
2 . Be able to skillfully apply various common machine learning models to solve supervised learning and unsupervised learning training and testing problems, and solve regression and classification problems
3. Be proficient in common classification algorithms and regression algorithm models, such as KNN and decision trees , Random Forest, K-Means, etc.
4. Master the way convolutional neural networks handle image recognition and natural language recognition problems, and be familiar with tensors, sessions, gradient optimization models, etc. in the deep learning framework TF
>5. Master the operating mechanism of deep learning convolutional neural networks, and be able to customize the convolution layer, pooling layer, and FC layer to complete conventional deep learning practical projects such as image recognition, handwritten font recognition, and verification code recognition

Knowledge points:
1. Common machine learning algorithms, use of sklearn data sets, dictionary feature extraction, text feature extraction, normalization, standardization, data principal component analysis PCA, KNN algorithm, decision tree model, random forest , linear regression and logistic regression models and algorithms. Be familiar with basic concepts related to machine learning, master the basic workflow of machine learning, be familiar with feature engineering, and be able to use various common machine learning algorithm models to solve problems such as classification, regression, and clustering.
2. Basic concepts related to Tensorflow, TF data flow diagram, session, tensor, tensorboard visualization, tensor modification, TF file reading, use of tensorflow playround, neural network structure, convolution calculation, activation function calculation, Pooling layer design, master the differences and exercises before machine learning and deep learning, master the basic workflow of deep learning, master the structural levels and characteristics of neural networks, master the use of tensors, graph structures, OP objects, etc., and be familiar with input Layers, convolutional layers, pooling layers and fully connected layers are designed to complete the whole process of common deep learning projects such as verification code recognition, image recognition, and handwriting input recognition.

Can Ⅸ Python do blockchain?

Yes

A brief description of the blockchain implementation principle

As a digital accounting technology, the core of blockchain technology is to record the blocks that store transaction data in an encrypted manner in chronological order. The blockchain itself is a public database. The system stores newly born business data in containers called blocks, and adds the block to the chain composed of existing blocks. It's a bit like a greedy snake. The more blocks it eats, the longer the snake's body is. In the Bitcoin application scenario, these data are a set of transfer transaction records. The application of shared bicyclesIn usage scenarios, these data can be transaction records of car rental and return.

Simple implementation code of blockchain

In the above code, the data structure stored in the core of the blockchain is a list, through
The new blocks generated by new_block() are continuously added to the end of the blockchain. The Hash value of each block contains all the data information of the block, which needs to be referenced in the process of calculating the Hash value. Hash
value of the previous block, thus achieving tamper resistance. The greatest value of the blockchain database is this highly tamper-proof trusted calculation. This is successfully demonstrated in our simple blockchain implementation. In commercial-grade blockchain applications, the process of creating new blocks is called smart contracts, and the blockchain continues to grow through smart contracts.

The following is the running result of the code. The running results are different at different times.

Running results

X Python Development Blockchain 03 How to generate bitcoin address

Welcome to pay attention to the column "Blockchain Blockchain" 》

In the demos of the first two sections, we generated private key and public key, and then we can generate a bitcoin address.

Next we use the pubtoaddr function to generate a bitcoin address

A bitcoin address is a single user token. Just like we send and receive emails through email addresses, you can use bitcoin addresses to send and receive bitcoins. However, unlike email, each person can only use a unique address in each transaction