区块链打破美元垄断的原因,区块链打破美元垄断了吗

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① How to bring us to the forefront of blockchain theory

——What are the institutional shackles faced by the development of blockchain?

In 2008, the subprime debt crisis broke out in the United States. Wall Street's behavior is too ugly, and it has been exposed by the Internet in front of the eyes of all mankind.

Americans are angry. Some people condemn Wall Street's greed, some people occupy Wall Street, and some people begin to try to find an alternative to Wall Street's accounting system through the practice of distributed accounting technology.

Therefore, first of all, we have to make it clear: first, the purpose of blockchain, a concept that was later summarized, is to replace the traditional accounting path.

Second, blockchain is a means, and the purpose is to break Wall Street’s monopoly on finance, improve financial efficiency, and reduce the costs of physical enterprises through universal accounting rights.

Understanding the above two logics, let’s look for the problem:

Blockchain, as a new technology that has attracted great attention from all mankind, has been around for more than 10 years. Why? Still unable to serve the real industry?

Where are its roots? This is the focus of our research. If we don't understand this problem, we won't be able to reach the forefront of this field.

Finance is a grand proposition, and blockchain, as the underlying technology of new finance, is also a grand proposition.

Grand propositions need to be discovered and thought about from the lowest level. What is the lowest level of the blockchain?

The answer lies in social systems and Western values. The birthplace of blockchain is the United States, a capitalist country. Equity exclusivity is an important part of the values ​​of capitalist society.

Therefore, what is generated on the blockchain is defined by Satoshi Nakamoto as Bitcoin, not the ownership of the blockchain - equity. Please note that this definition is driven by values.

Values ​​may seem fictitious, but they always affect everyone’s thinking and choices. Satoshi Nakamoto’s initial definition directly determines the thinking path of those who come after him.

If Bitcoin is defined as the ownership of this network, this ownership will naturally increase in value as the number of users increases. This is a self-consistent logic.

But if Bitcoin is defined as currency, this currency will lose the support of ownership. Without the support of ownership, participants will only rely on faith to maintain the value of the chips in each other's hands. Beliefs that are not self-consistent are actually very unstable. Value units based on weak beliefs will make believers always anxious about finding faith allies. This is the root cause of why digital currencies have never been able to move towards entities. Because trust among believers is not strong.

Therefore, the shackles that really restrict the development of blockchain are precisely the so-called universal values ​​flaunted by Americans.

——The algorithm should be: people-oriented

People’s accounts should be blocks.

When individuals, merchants, enterprises, and institutions open accounts, blocks will be automatically formed.

There are two value units in each block: first, the ownership of the network, that is, equity; second, the future service of the network, that is, the right to take delivery.

The former is like a well, and the latter is like water from a well. The former is infinite, the latter is finite. The infinite can fully guarantee the limited. The future can fully guarantee the present.

The above are all self-consistent. The meaning of self-consistency is that only by convincing yourself can you build real stability and trust.

On the basis of self-stability and trust, well water can flow to entities instead of hoarding and speculation.

Please note: the underlying logic and principles play a decisive role in group selection.

If Bitcoin holders were not a group of anxious people and did not adhere to the Western value system, they could get rid of anxiety very early. For example, Bitcoin holders jointly invested US$4 billion worth of Bitcoin to lead a public network of shared equity (accounting for 10% of the shares), and let social funds invest US$4 billion (accounting for 10% of the shares), and the remaining equity will be vested in the public network. Users of public networks. This will create a predictable, multi-trillion-dollar, shared pie. Individuals, merchants and enterprises will naturally move in one after another and receive their respective cakes. After receiving the goods, each market will participate in the basic unit to form a basic reputation, and then use the basic reputation to invest in the real industry. The new physical assets will naturally add new credibility. Guarantees, reinvestment in new credibility, will continue to expand the scale of new public assets... and so on, and we will continue to strive for self-improvement. But unfortunately, the Western value system has restricted the courage of blockchain participants to go further. Their choice is to turn around and engage in Ethereum, EOS, and create a large number of so-called digital currencies. Ultimately, digital reputation cannot always be combined with physical entities.

In other words, the core of Western values ​​​​is competitive thinking. Competitive thinking leads to the starting point of everyone's thinking to first put others on the hostile list instead of the cooperative list. The inertia of this thinking leads to the fact that the coins continue to increase, but they cannot enter the entity. Therefore, the so-called acquisition of basic theory and original innovation ability requires us to first find other people's blind spots and forbidden areas of thinking. On this basis, we can occupy no man's land, formulate our own standards in no man's land, and finally take control of the rules. and the right of interpretation.

——Let historical contributions become the basis of trust

Enterprises above designated size all have clear and consistent historical operating income data, and this data represents historical contributions.

The greater the historical contribution, the stronger its influence and appeal, the stronger its real ability, and the greater its actual credibility.high.

The current blockchain does not respect historical contributions and completely ignores the historical contributions of physical enterprises, which will inevitably cause logical conflicts.

To sort out this conflict, it is necessary to regard the company's historical operating income data as the most important source of credibility.

Only by fully respecting physical enterprises, sincerely serving them, and turning them into important shareholders of the new network can they actively embrace new technologies and new finance.

Otherwise, we must tell our own stories, shout about our own technologies and products, go in the opposite direction, and go further and further away.

The so-called building a community with a shared future for mankind requires us to put others first in the list of friends and partners, rather than in the list of competition.

Does the current blockchain algorithm respect physical enterprises?

From Bitcoin to Ethereum, from Ethereum to EOS, from EOS to Libra...

——The future of blockchain

1. People-oriented: Accounts are blocks, blocks have equity, and stock withdrawal rights (a small but continuous amount).

2. Respect history: The revenue data of physical enterprises is the basis of trust (the main origin of the right to take delivery).

3. Reverse circulation: Through prepayment purchases, wages, bonuses, etc., it flows directly to employee accounts. Employees' consumption will directly activate the company's production capacity, achieving a win-win situation between supply and demand.

4. Don’t mythologize a certain technology, and don’t form technological hegemony in your thinking. Technology is a tool to achieve an end, not an end in itself.

5. Change from legal currency acceptance to product, service and labor acceptance.

6. Before starting, protect first. Sign contracts first to open up cross-industry and cross-regional value chains, and then start after people have eliminated their anxiety.

7. Reserve regulatory channels so that the government and society can trace responsibilities based on data. Traceability is proof of self-discipline.

② The development status of the global blockchain industry in 2021 is based on both a global perspective and a domestic perspective

As an emerging information technology, blockchain will continue to develop in-depth in 2021. There have been continuations and breakthroughs in regulatory policies and applications, and related aspects such as NFT, Metaverse and central bank digital currencies are ushering in an explosion.

In the era of digital economy, it is particularly important to grasp the development and development trends of blockchain. This article will start from two perspectives: a global perspective and a domestic perspective

(1) Global perspective: the blockchain industry is growing in leaps and bounds, and the track in emerging fields is hot

1. Blockchain has become a multinational strategy, and cryptocurrency policies are polarized

2. Blockchain spending grows, with banking industry spending leading

Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies have shown great potential in improving the efficiency of business operations and creating new ways of delivering value, across industries and Companies are implementing these technologies and integrating them into existing infrastructure and industry plans. According to Statista, global spending on blockchain solutions is expected to reach $6.6 billion in 2021. Forecasts indicate that spending on blockchain solutions will continue to grow in the coming years, reaching nearly $19 billion by 2024

3. NFT, cryptocurrency, and the metaverse are booming

In 2021, new models and new business formats based on blockchain will continue to emerge. Among the hot words of 2021 announced by Collins Dictionary, NFT ranked first on the hot word list, and the words Metaverse and Crypto were also shortlisted for the list.

Starting in March 2021, NFT has experienced explosive growth. The full name of NFT is Non-Fungible Token, and the Chinese expression is non-fungible token. NFT is a data unit stored on the blockchain. It uses photos, videos, audios and other types of digital files as underlying assets, and supports the verification of the authenticity and uniqueness of the underlying assets.

4. More than 90% of the world’s economies are exploring central bank digital currencies

(2) Domestic perspective: The blockchain industry is making steady progress, and the digital renminbi has achieved gratifying results

1. Promote the development of blockchain technology and rectify virtual currency transactions and "mining" activities

2. The number of registered blockchain companies continues to rise, and the industry is about to enter a "steady recovery period"

3. The digital renminbi is in full bloom, and three major challenges need to be overcome

③ After reading this article, you will have a thorough understanding of the blockchain

In this article, all the things I introduced The contents are all facts that have happened in the field of blockchain in today’s world, not some imagination or opinions about blockchain. I think that as long as you read this article carefully, you will easily have a basic and accurate understanding of blockchain.

The main content of understanding blockchain in just ten minutes is divided into four sections. 21 topics and 4 sections are:

The first national blockchain strategy.

Second, Bitcoin and its literal representation involve four topics.

Third, blockchain and its technical logic involve 13 topics.

Fourth, blockchain empowers the economy and society, involving three topics.

Let’s first look at the first part of the blockchain national strategy, the first part of the blockchain country. Everyone knows that we humans have experienced six information revolutions. Seven or eight years ago, the first information revolution created primitive language, social tacit understanding, and the second information revolution saw the emergence of writing. The third information revolution in feudal society invented papermaking and printing, and the fourth information revolution in the late 19th century invented radio.

In the fifth information revolution of the 20th century, television appeared again, and now in the sixth information revolution, computers and the Internet have appeared. The emergence of computers and the Internet has given rise to the rapid development of various new technologies. Especially in 2020, the digital economy has experienced epoch-making development.

Why do you say that? The characteristics of high bandwidth, low latency and large connections in the 5G era have enabled the implementation of the four major ABCD technologies.

What are the four major ABCD technologies

The a here refers to Artificial Intelligence, which is artificial intelligence technology.

B refers to Blockchain, blockchain technology.

C refers to cloud computing cloud computing technology

D refers to big data technology.

The word blockchain is now completely popular all over the country. On October 25, 2019, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China announced the development of blockchain technology. The current situation has been collectively studied, so the requirement of this meeting is to use blockchain technology as the core technology.

As an important breakthrough for independent innovation, it is necessary to accelerate the innovative development of blockchain technology and industry. On April 20, 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission officially included blockchain into new infrastructure. Blockchain, why do you think it is so awesome? Let us say that blockchain is not an extension of the Internet, it is a subversion of the Internet. In the future, many, many technologies will grow on this blockchain and realize blockchainization.

So, how can we accurately learn and understand the blockchain?

We found that among the four major technologies of ABCD, only the block is naturally built-in It's financial. Therefore, we must learn and understand blockchain from the IT perspective and the financial perspective, and even learn and understand blockchain from the level of national governance. If you only study and understand blockchain from an IT perspective, it is impossible to understand the huge influence and influence of this technology. Then, you will understand thisThen, there will be deviations, and you may even be dissatisfied with blockchain technology. In addition, in the process of learning about blockchain, you should also pay attention to the fact that it has many new terms, so you need to concentrate on understanding it step by step.

Let’s first understand blockchain from a financial perspective.

Bitcoin and its birth performance

To understand the blockchain, it involves Bitcoin, and what about the birth of Bitcoin? , and it is inseparable from the evolution of currency. We know that currency is a special commodity that is separated from commodities and serves as a fixed general equivalent. In fact, we humans have used a lot of currencies, including physical currency, weighing currency, paper money, accounting currency, etc. As for accounting currency, it includes electronic currency and digital currency. Electronic currency itself is not a currency. It is just used to represent the same amount of currency. It is a token.

Then the total amount of his tokens will not increase due to the increase of electronic currency. Alipay, WeChat, payment, and online banking are typical electronic currencies. As for digital currency, it is itself a legal currency. The total amount of this fiat currency will increase with the increase of digital currency. We know that when it comes to physical currency, we humans have actually chosen many things as general equivalents.

Weighing currencies are some heavy metals. Later, people chose gold among the heavy metals. Why choose gold? Because gold has the characteristics of rarity, divisibility, and the most stable chemical properties. What needs to be noted here is gold. It is not issued by any country. It is provided by nature. of. Your country's total amount is as much as nature provides. Therefore, the country does not need to provide credit guarantees for the value of gold.

However, as for gold, it has some flaws in its use, and it is difficult to carry when you go out again, so there are descendants. Paper money appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, paper money was not currency in the current sense. The currency at that time was still gold, but we used paper money to represent gold. We called it the gold standard. The gold standard is the gold standard, which is a monetary system with gold as the standard currency. The core essence of the gold standard is that how much currency a country issues should be decided based on how much gold your country has. It does not mean you can issue as much currency as you want.

At that time, the Great Depression of the United States reached January 10, 1934. On this day, the newly elected President of the United States made a very important decision to abandon the gold standard and issue $3 billion. If you think about it, giving up the gold standard would theoretically mean that he could issue as much currency as he wanted.How much currency can be issued? Even if there is no gold in the treasury, he can issue banknotes as long as he wants to. Then someone will ask, if you issue so many words, can you still exchange them for gold of equal value?

Look at the banknotes at this time, they have been separated from gold, and national credit has emerged. , this, we call it currency guaranteed by national credit. Now, when mainstream countries issue currency, they also issue it with national credit as a guarantee.

What are the benefits? The advantage is that it can regulate the economy. When the economy is not doing well, a little more hair can drive economic development. The increase or decrease in this variable will cause a chain reaction of the entire economic aggregate. This is the multiplier effect in economics. Once a country masters this thing, some countries will be fascinated by it. But if it is not well controlled, it will lead to national credit bankruptcy. As a result, many people began to reflect. This reflection is, when issuing currency, is it better to use national credit as a guarantee, or is it better to stick to the gold standard based on the total amount of gold. This question involves the birth of Bitcoin

④ Bitcoin breaks through the $58,000 mark, can Bitcoin really make money?

Bitcoin breaks through the $58,000 mark, can Bitcoin really make money? It is possible to make money, but it is not easy. I feel that everyone is still too impetuous at the moment. Every time blockchain technology is paid attention to, it is greatly affected by the price fluctuation of Bitcoin.

This year is a relatively special year. The epidemic is raging and the economic environment of various countries has been hit hard. Central banks of various countries have released water on a large scale, causing safe-haven funds in the market to rush to Looking for reliable targets, Bitcoin, as digital gold, stands out and is purchased aggressively by major capital institutions and individual investors, thus pushing up the value of Bitcoin! The consensus of fools is also a consensus. We must admit this. When all participants recognize the safe-haven value of Bitcoin, it can naturally skyrocket as it pleases, ignore various economic rules, and even destroy the financial systems of various countries ( Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that is anonymous and not regulated by national financial systems). When you stare into the abyss, the abyss will also stare into you!

⑤ What are the advantages of blockchain technology

Recently, many friends have come to ask questions related to blockchain, such as the specific advantages of blockchain and why they should invest in blockchain. , what benefits can it bring? Is it not allowed to invest in real estate and wait for appreciation? Is it not allowed to invest in mature markets such as stocks and bonds? Why invest in the newly emerging blockchain? What is the investment value of blockchain? ? Waiting for a series of questions, I have made the following summary, which basically summarizes the answers to most related questions:

Blockchain Advantages

Blockchain is regarded as an important part of the fourth industrial revolution.We all know that every industrial revolution will bring about leaps and bounds in human productivity. The history of human development is actually a history of productivity progress

It can be roughly summarized in the following four aspects:

1 , Blockchain has good market prospects; as an emerging technology, Blockchain is recognized by many professionals, including investors, with an estimated market value of approximately US$60 billion in 2020, and is expected to dominate the global market in 2024. The chain value will reach 20 million US dollars, and the considerable market prospects of blockchain are obvious.

2. The cost of blockchain is low; compared with centralized models such as credit card payment and stock trading that rely on third-party intermediaries, the decentralized distributed structure of blockchain saves investors It eliminates high handling fees and transaction fees, saves investment costs, and improves transaction processing efficiency.

3. Blockchain is more secure and stable; the traditional centralized model often faces serious credit crises, but since every transaction in the blockchain is tracked and permanently recorded by distributed public ledgers, it is greatly reduced. It eliminates counterfeiting, avoids losses caused by third-party credit issues, and provides security for investors' transactions.

4. The programming attributes of the blockchain are more standardized; traditional market investors often affect their returns due to confusion in the market level, while the programmability of the blockchain makes the market level clear and clear, which can Innovative technologies that change people's lives.

I hope it can help you solve related problems. For more details or if you have any questions, please feel free to ask or discuss!

⑥ 2018 is the first year of blockchain, so What is blockchain in 2019?

2019 is the first year for blockchain to break financial monopoly
From cable TV companies to retail companies, all walks of life are trying their best to keep what they consider the most precious. Property: Monopoly. The traditional view is: "If you control the entrance and the channel, then consumers have almost no choice."
However, we have seen companies like Netflix and Amazon break the original pattern and provide us with Life offers more choices. Likewise, in the world of digital currency and finance, some of the largest financial institutions are facing serious challenges.
It is expected that decentralized business and demand will rise in 2019, and I think this will provide more opportunities for already successful blockchain companies. At the same time, this opportunity also implies risks. If, as in 2018, blockchain company founders or entrepreneurs promise too much and the project is suspected of being exaggerated, they may be discredited and lose their first-mover advantage.
Asia was a step ahead
For decades, the world's largest financial institutions have controlled the vast majority of the global economy's financial system.
However, blockchain companies have begun to level the playing field by accessing banking services and real-time payments. In 2019, in addition to financial payments, the blockchain industry will enter securities, loans and other derivatives.The field of integrated products. Companies like Securitize*, Dharma, Dydx, Compound Finance and The Ocean are all companies dedicated to building decentralized finance.
In the past few years, mobile app companies such as RAP, Gojek and Paytm have expanded their business, with products such as payments, investments, remittances, loans and insurance. As many Asian economies shift from cash to a digital economy, they are rapidly attracting users of neobanks.
Asian regulators have provided clearer guidelines for blockchain and digital currency projects because they believe blockchain is a catalyst for economic growth and has the potential to become a sunrise industry in the future.
In addition, more than 80% of digital currency trading volume comes from Asia, so digital currency investors are very eager to build reliable infrastructure. If Grab, Gojek and Paytm can benefit from digital currency investors, then they will start to support blockchain more and provide a better experience for payments, loans and other derivative financial products.
Back to Original Intentions
Over the past few years, the digital currency industry has strayed away from its original financial vision, and this was well illustrated in Satoshi Nakamoto’s Bitcoin white paper. Just like the boom and bust of the Internet, almost every real-life case imaginable, such as tracking the freshness of flowers and other logistics chains, are using the buzzword blockchain to attract attention.
However, just like the early Internet, real implementation cases must match the development stage of the technology.
For example, Netflix would not have been able to successfully stream TV shows in 2000, when less than 1% of the population had access to broadband. Over the past few years, it has become increasingly clear that payments are a real-world example of blockchain now being used at scale.
In 2019, blockchain companies will build on this foundation and use smart contract platforms to rapidly develop in decentralized financial applications (such as loans and insurance products).
I always find that the best applications happen in specific market segments. As long as blockchain companies can focus on products that solve specific problems, then we will see more competitive products. , innovative blockchain companies.
And, this is a good thing for the entire industry.

⑦ How much do you know about "digital currency"

There is a big difference between the RMB digital currency and foreign Bitcoin. The emergence of RMB digital currency will greatly reduce China’s economic fraud crime rate.

There is no distribution center for Bitcoin. The only way to obtain Bitcoin is mining. I don’t know what the meaning of mining is. It consumes electricity and computer resources.

The RMB digital currency has a distribution center, and the issuance volume is controllable. This can effectively deal with violent fluctuations in the value of the digital currency.move. Digital currency is equal in value to the paper currency we issue.

The spread of Bitcoin must go through the Internet and cannot be separated from digital wallets.

The RMB digital currency can be traded offline. You only need to put two mobile devices together to conduct transactions.

The spread of Bitcoin is anonymous and cannot be traced.

The spread of RMB digital currency is anonymous and traceable. Since it is traceable, digital currency crimes can be prevented to the greatest extent. If someone loses their digital currency and it is used by someone else, they can still track who used the money.

The control of Bitcoin is in the hands of private trading platforms at home and abroad. If financial risks occur, the central bank cannot control these trading platforms.

The control of the RMB is in the hands of the central bank. Once any risk situation is discovered, the central bank can take control in a timely manner.

Recently, the Agricultural Bank of China’s internal testing of the central bank’s digital currency DC/EP triggered heated discussions on the Internet. So, what exactly is digital currency? Today, I will give you a brief introduction.

1. Definition of digital currency

Digital currency can be understood as digital RMB, DC, Digital Currency, which is digital currency; EP, Electronic Payment, which is electronic payment. It is to replace cash by encrypted digital form with electronic payment function. In short, the essence of digital currency is electronic payment based on national credit.

The digital currency launched by the central bank does not refer to the digitization of currency under the existing monetary system, but the launch of a new encrypted electronic currency system based on new Internet technologies, especially blockchain technology. This is undoubtedly a Major changes in the market currency system.

2. Advantages of digital currency

Compared with cash, digital currency eliminates the need for physical banknotes, saving the manufacturing and storage costs of banknotes. At the same time, digital currency will also bring more convenience to people’s lives.

According to industry insiders’ predictions, the central bank’s digital currency will be realized based on the DC/EP personal wallet APP. Unlike our existing bank APP, DC/EP is independent of the existing account system and does not need to be bound to any bank account. However, industry insiders predict that the most likely way to achieve this is to set up independent digital currency units and accounts in the bank APP.

3. Differences from Alipay and WeChat Pay

In terms of user experience, although digital currency is similar to Alipay and WeChat Pay, they all use mobile phones for payment. However, using the central bank’s digital currency to pay is actually the same as using cash; Alipay and WeChat Pay still use bank cards bound to individuals. It is understood that when using digital currency, no network orBank account, as long as the mobile phone is equipped with DC/EP digital wallet, the transfer function can be realized by touching the two mobile phones, which is called "dual offline payment" for both parties. From a long-term perspective, issuing digital currency is also a shortcut to the internationalization of the RMB. At the same time, digital currency can also meet people's anonymous payment needs, while Alipay and WeChat payment must be real-name payments. More importantly, the two have different credit bases and different effectiveness. The central bank's digital currency is legal tender and has national credit, while WeChat Pay and Alipay are just payment methods, behind which are bank commercial credit. Digital RMB does not need to be bound to any bank account and gets rid of the control of traditional bank accounts. In other words, if an institution or individual does not accept Alipay or WeChat payment, there is no legal problem; but it is illegal to refuse users to pay with digital currency.

4. Digital Currency Trial

According to the central bank’s disclosure, the promotion of digital currency will be divided into two phases. By the end of 2019 A small-scale scene closure pilot will be implemented on a large scale in Shenzhen in 2020. At present, the digital renminbi has been undergoing internal closed pilot testing in Shenzhen, Suzhou, Xiongan, and Chengdu. Although the central bank’s digital currency has been piloted in many places, the central bank disclosed that this does not mean that the digital currency has officially landed. Industry insiders said that because digital currency is a substitute for cash and involves complex management and operation systems, it currently does not have the conditions to be promoted nationwide.

5. The development prospects of digital currency

Digital currency should start from replacing banknotes and coins in circulation with digital currency, but it does not want to replace all RMB. The balance in a commercial bank account actually already exists in digital form, and there is no need to replace it. In other words, we can replace 100 yuan of cash in circulation with digital currency equivalent to 100 yuan. Even if the central bank's digital currency DC/EP is launched, digital currency will not be able to completely replace cash for a long time, and the two will coexist for a long time. Digital currency can be used as a supplement to the payment method for people's daily consumption. China's move towards a "cashless society" is a long-term process and cannot be achieved overnight.

In layman’s terms, digital currency is a kind of virtual money. If we really want to define it, it is a virtual special product that can measure the price of general commodities.

1. The emergence of digital currency. The production of digital currency uses an information digital technology called blockchain technology. No printing is required, it is generated directly through the information network, no resources such as paper are consumed, and the production cost is low. Since it is produced without paper, it is not easy to be counterfeited.

2. Functional attributes of digital currency. It has three functional attributes of general currency: First,It can measure the price of general goods or services; second, it can be used to purchase goods and services; third, it has credit.

At the same time, there are three unique characteristics of digital currency: First, it is virtual and has no entity. Although the digital format can be seen, it cannot be touched; second, it is decentralized. What's the meaning? It has two meanings: first, in theory, its production and issuance are not controlled by any unique individual or institution, and are self-operated, avoiding the thought of controlling currency or monetary systems; second, all its transaction records are not records. In a central place of management, it is recorded on multiple nodes of the currency system. In this way, it is difficult for any individual or institution to tamper with and destroy transaction records, thereby avoiding the occurrence of financial crimes; The third is high anonymity. This means that both parties to the transaction can conduct transactions without knowing each other's identity, which can effectively protect personal privacy or meet the needs of people who require anonymous payments.

3. Advantages and disadvantages of digital currency. The advantages are that production does not consume resources, the cost is low, it is easy to carry and store, and it is not easy to be damaged; it is relatively safe and difficult to imitate; the payment can be contact-free and uses digital payment to avoid the spread of germs; the disadvantage is that it needs to run in a digital information network and cannot be used alone There is no feeling when using it. It is not suitable for the elderly and children.

4. The unique characteristics of my country’s central bank’s digital currency. The central bank’s digital currency is my country’s upcoming digital currency and is currently undergoing pilot internal testing in Suzhou, Chengdu, Shenzhen and Xiongan. In addition to the characteristics of all digital currencies, it also has its own unique characteristics: First, it will be issued and managed by the People's Bank of China. It is legal currency, has national credit, and is indebted to the state. This is different from ordinary digital currencies. We mentioned earlier that general digital currencies are not issued and managed by a unique center, but for a country's legal currency, if there is no unified issuance and management by the country, it will be chaotic, so it still needs to be issued and managed by the central bank. ; Second, electronic payment can be made directly. The English abbreviation of the central bank's digital currency is DC/EP, where DC refers to digital currency and EP refers to electronic payment. Judging from the internal beta chart, it has functions such as scan code payment, remittance, collection and payment, and touch, which means that you can directly use digital currency to purchase goods or services. In addition, Pengpeng can also make payments without the Internet.

5. In addition, my country’s issuance of central bank digital currency is of great significance to the internationalization of the RMB, because my country is likely to be the first country in the world to launch a digital currency. , will gain the upper hand internationally. At the same time, the central bank's digital currency will be circulated together with banknotes and coins after its launch, so those who like to use cash don't have to worry too much.

First is the timeline

In 2014, the central bank established a special research group on legal digital currency;

2016In 2019, the Digital Currency Research Institute was established on the basis of the original group;

In June 2018, Shenzhen Financial Technology Co., Ltd. was established;

In August 2019, the central government issued a document to launch digital currency in Shenzhen Research and mobile payment pilot;

On October 28, 2019, almost at the same time as Xiao Zha’s third hearing, Mr. Huang Qifan, Vice Chairman of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, clearly pointed out that the People’s Bank of China is very May be the first central bank in the world to launch a digital currency;

On October 29, 2019, at the "2019 Bund Financial Summit", DCEP made its debut;

4, 2020 On April 3, the central bank stated that it would “unswervingly promote the research and development of legal digital currency”;

On April 10, 2020, a relevant person from the central bank pointed out, “As for digital currency, the central bank is following the original plan. , advance in an orderly manner";

On April 14, 2020, the central bank's digital currency DCEP was the first to be tested within the Agricultural Bank of China;

On April 16, 2020, the central bank's digital currency was the first to be tested in Suzhou It was launched in Xiangcheng District to replace paper money in "wage" payment, and at the same time, a digital service export base was announced.

Currently, as the first country in the world to launch digital currency, our country has taken the lead in future competition. The road is long and the journey is far-reaching.

First of all, it is an abstract logical transmission chain: blockchain - digital currency - RMB internationalization

First of all, when it comes to blockchain, everyone knows that blockchain is The underlying technology, the three core advantages of blockchain:

1. Decentralization, reducing links and improving efficiency.

2. Openness and transparency are conducive to mutual supervision and supervision.

3. Non-tamperability, ensuring the authenticity of transactions. On the one hand, digital currency is decentralized. A and B no longer need to go through banks to transfer money. Banks will assume other important functions, improve efficiency and save costs. At the same time, they can strengthen financial supervision and combat financial crimes. Last year the Politburo collectively studied blockchain, you know!

Next is the application scenario of blockchain. With the continuous development of technology, the application will inevitably accelerate in the future. At this stage, everyone is familiar with Bitcoin. Since central banks of various countries do not have the right to issue it, At the same time, Bitcoin is not real-named, so it has not been recognized. The idea can be transformed. If it has the right to issue and can be transparently supervised to regulate the money supply of society, then the digital currency based on the blockchain will have a different impact on traditional currencies. A profound revolution, with the emergence of digital currency, the future is really not far from saying goodbye to paper money.

From a long-term perspective, the most important step is the internationalization of the RMB. At this time, the digital currency launched by a sovereign country can be understood as a way to go away from the US dollar and start a new one, impacting the US dollar global settlement SWIThe FT system breaks the US dollar's monopoly on international trade settlements and reshapes the international currency settlement system. To a large extent, it is a battle for national destiny!

Returning to the capital market, the concept of national will must be a gimmick. It has been speculated once before. Now if we consider it sustainable, there are certain logical flaws at present. Although the central bank strongly promotes digital currency , but at the current level it is a state action. There are too few companies that have really benefited from the A-share market, so the fundamentals lack a support. News stimulation is inevitable, but you have to work hard to choose one.

1. The emergence of digital currency. The production of digital currency uses an information digital technology called blockchain technology. No printing is required, it is generated directly through the information network, no resources such as paper are consumed, and the production cost is low. Since it is produced without paper, it is not easy to be counterfeited.

2. Functional attributes of digital currency. It has three functional attributes of general currency: first, it can measure the price of general goods or services; second, it can be used to purchase goods and services; third, it has credit.

At the same time, there are three unique characteristics of digital currency: first, it is virtual and has no entity. Although the digital format can be seen, it cannot be touched; second, it is decentralized. What's the meaning? It has two meanings: first, in theory, its production and issuance are not controlled by any unique individual or institution, and are self-operated, avoiding the thought of controlling currency or monetary systems; second, all its transaction records are not records. In a central place of management, it is recorded on multiple nodes of the currency system. In this way, it is difficult for any individual or institution to tamper with and destroy transaction records, thereby avoiding the occurrence of financial crimes; third, high anonymity. This means that both parties to the transaction can conduct transactions without knowing each other's identity, which can effectively protect personal privacy or meet the needs of people who require anonymous payments.

3. The advantages and disadvantages of digital currency. The advantages are that production does not consume resources, the cost is low, it is easy to carry and store, and it is not easy to be damaged; it is relatively safe and difficult to imitate; the payment can be contact-free and uses digital payment to avoid the spread of germs; the disadvantage is that it needs to run in a digital information network and cannot be used alone There is no feeling when using it. It is not suitable for the elderly and children.

4. The unique characteristics of my country’s central bank’s digital currency. The central bank’s digital currency is my country’s upcoming digital currency and is currently undergoing pilot internal testing in Suzhou, Chengdu, Shenzhen and Xiongan. In addition to the characteristics of all digital currencies, it also has its own unique characteristics: First, it will be issued and managed by the People's Bank of China. It is legal currency, has national credit, and is indebted to the state. This is different from ordinary digital currencies. We mentioned earlier that general digital currencies are not issued and managed by a unique center, but for a country's legal currency, if there is no unified issuance and management by the country, it will be chaotic, so it still needs to be issued and managed by the central bank. ; Second, electronic payment can be made directly. The English abbreviation of the central bank's digital currency is DC/EP, where DC refers to digital currency and EP refers to electronic payment. From the internal beta chartIt has functions such as scan code payment, remittance, collection and payment, and touch and click, which means that you can directly use digital currency to purchase goods or services. In addition, Pengpeng can also make payments without the Internet.

5. In addition, my country’s issuance of central bank digital currency is of great significance to the internationalization of the RMB, because my country is likely to be the first country in the world to launch a digital currency and will gain an upper hand internationally. At the same time, the central bank's digital currency will be circulated together with banknotes and coins after its launch, so those who like to use cash don't have to worry too much.

To put it simply, the People’s Bank of China’s digital currency is the electronic version of the RMB.

Speaking of digital currency, everyone’s first reaction may be Bitcoin or Facebook’s planned launch of Libra.

However, unlike these so-called digital currencies, the digital currency to be launched by the People's Bank of my country has national credit endorsement and can be said to be the electronic version of the RMB. Therefore, the People’s Bank of China’s digital currency is legally compensable.

More importantly, with state endorsement, the value of the People's Bank of China's digital currency will be more stable. However, the so-called virtual currencies such as Bitcoin cannot guarantee the stability of the currency value, and it is common for them to be "cut off".

From the perspective of usage scenarios, the People's Bank of China's digital currency does not pay interest and can be used in small-amount, retail, and high-frequency business scenarios. It is no different from paper currency. At the same time, all current regulations on cash management, anti-money laundering, and anti-terrorist financing should be followed when using it.

What are the benefits of digital RMB?

Low issuance costs and more convenient transactions...

RMB cash-based payments, transactions, anti-money laundering, etc. are becoming more and more difficult to manage in modern society, and the costs are also increasing. high. The issuance of digital currency can effectively solve the above problems.

At the same time, the Chinese version of digital currency does not need to be bound to any bank account, getting rid of the control of the traditional bank account system.

In addition, when the network signal is poor, the payment functions of online banking and payment platforms are often paralyzed, and DC/EP's dual offline technology can ensure that in extreme cases, like using banknotes, , using the People’s Bank of China’s digital currency. For example, in the absence of a network, as long as two mobile phones equipped with DC/EP digital wallets touch each other, the transfer or payment function can be realized.

Popularize professional knowledge on digital currency

Digital currency is a currency that exists in digital form and records value attribution and realizes value transfer based on the network. The IMF officially defines it as "a digital expression of value."

The digital currency issued by the central bank is referred to as DCEP.

The concept of digital currency is very broad, and blockchain-based (non-legal) encrypted digital currency is only one of them.

⑧ The phenomenon and application of blockchainWhat should it look like

1. The revolution of blockchain

It was not until the seventh year after the emergence of Bitcoin that its underlying core technology blockchain began to become known to people. With the wealth effect caused by Bitcoin’s multi-million-fold increase, blockchain is becoming more and more popular. Its value is widely recognized and it is generally considered to be the core technology leading the fourth industrial revolution.

In 2018, Xu Xiaoping, a well-known angel investor, raised his arms and shouted: "The blockchain revolution has arrived! We must embrace this revolution!" With one stone, it caused thousands of waves, and soon the official blockchain learning book was launched online , official media interpreted that a wave of entrepreneurship and recruitment are coming one after another. In 2019, blockchain was officially designated as “an important breakthrough for independent innovation in core technologies.”

Under this situation, blockchain has become an out-and-out "new trend", and blockchain application has become a keyword. It has significant advantages in optimizing business processes and building trustworthy systems. How can we use these advantages of blockchain technology to empower the real economy?

Not only blockchain project parties are trying, but also Chinese Internet giants represented by BAT, financial systems and mobile operators represented by China Merchants Bank, Bank of China, and Ping An Insurance, etc. They are all actively carrying out "blockchain+", and it is also in full swing overseas. Facebook, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, etc. are all actively promoting it.

2. Blockchain+

On August 10, 2018, Tencent issued the first blockchain electronic invoice. As of July 3, 2020, invoices were issued Volume reaches 25 million. Blockchain electronic invoices have the advantages of simple invoicing, on-demand supply, low cost, high efficiency, and anti-counterfeiting. Tencent Blockchain quickly occupied the market with first-mover advantages in blockchain + government affairs and blockchain + taxation.

Ant Financial, owned by Alibaba, began to deploy blockchain as early as 2015. So far, Ant Blockchain has open alliance chain, BaaS platform and other products covering dozens of application scenarios. It has reached on-chain cooperation with many well-known global companies such as Intel, Jingdezhen Porcelain, and Bayer. The Internet also entered the blockchain very early and launched blockchain games, blockchain certificate storage and other services. Currently, the number of certificates stored on the chain has exceeded 100 million.

In 2019, the scale of China's blockchain industry alone reached 1.2 billion yuan. Data from the research institution Research and Markets shows that the output value of blockchain technology in the telecommunications field will surge from 4.66 million US dollars in 2018 to 2023. 993.8 billion US dollars in the year. Against this background, 2020 will usher in multiple policy benefits.

1. Officials have included blockchain into the scope of new infrastructure and new technology infrastructure;

2. Hunan released the "Three-Year Action Plan for the Development of the Blockchain Industry in Hunan Province" ( 2020-2022)";

3. Guangzhou launched the "Implementation Opinions of Guangzhou on Promoting the Innovation and Development of the Blockchain Industry (2020-2022)";

4. Beijing issued the "Beijing Blockchain Innovation and Development Action Plan (2020-2022)";

5. Jiangxi launched a blockchain service hall online;

6. Wuhan A special event for the transformation of blockchain technology scientific and technological achievements will be held;

7. The Chongqing Smart Expo Blockchain Application Innovation Competition plans to invest a huge amount of 50 million yuan as investment incentives.

However, although blockchain has achieved remarkable results in its implementation and empowerment in financial, government affairs, charity, games, agriculture, manufacturing, medical care, copyright and other physical fields, it has also played an active role in fighting the new coronavirus epidemic. role.

However, due to the influence of the general environment, more funds, resources, and attention have been attracted to the direction of blockchain empowering the real economy, but the core native applications of blockchain have been ignored.

3. Blockchain native applications

The Internet has opened an era of information explosion, and blockchain will bring a future where value flows freely. In today's global economic and financial system, affected by many factors such as ideology, cultural systems, business models, and technological levels, the cost of value transfer is high and the efficiency is low, especially in cross-border payment scenarios.

In the future blockchain era, value transfer will be like information transfer: global, instant, free, and equally enjoyed by everyone. All offline assets such as stocks, securities, identities, and real estate can be freely converted on the chain.

Moreover, the impact of blockchain technology has far exceeded the technical category itself. It is also an idea. The soul of blockchain lies in consensus. In the era of blockchain, truly powerful vitality will be born in community consensus and application implementation, and community and consensus will become the main body and soul of the industry.

In a community with consensus, individual energy and value will be fully stimulated, offsetting the fission effect of traditional centralization, breaking the original solid underlying structure, and reshaping new business and social values.

Therefore, blockchain native applications should be based on community and consensus, give individuals a path to realize their value, and be able to maximize the application ecosystem that stimulates individual energy and creativity, ultimately breaking monopoly and forming Decentralized free value exchange network.

Individual energy and value are multi-dimensional and highly subjective. These blockchain model designs obviously cannot fully stimulate individual energy, and are even far from it.

Native applications that truly conform to the spirit of blockchain should focus on application model design.It should be grand and comprehensive, taking into account all online and offline value-creating behaviors of individuals, and provide them for personalized use. Each individual's areas of expertise are different.

Borrowing from the Pareto optimal solution theory, each individual's energy can be maximized to maximize the energy of the whole, and only then can the original centralized business model be broken and a free flow of global individuals be formed. A peer-to-peer value transmission network builds a new decentralized business infrastructure, changes the value creation and delivery model, and reshapes the values ​​of the entire society.

#BTC[超话]# #digital currency# #欧易OKEx#

⑨ How to understand “Blockchain provides the possibility for overtaking traditional industries in corners”< /p>

Why can’t it be explained from the perspective of traffic distribution? Because you have seen that giants like BAT have mastered the channels and made a lot of money by distributing traffic and providing information. But I didn’t see why these giants could control the channels and get the right to distribute traffic. BAT's layout on the Internet can be found in every aspect of our lives - shopping, payment, dining, entertainment, transportation, communication, social networking, etc... However, most of them can be summarized in one word -

Intermediary.

Intermediaries have long penetrated into every aspect of our lives. As long as there is some kind of demand, as long as there is information asymmetry between supply and demand, or even a little inconvenience, in the era of the Internet, Intermediaries will emerge. In the past, intermediaries were expensive and charged based on services, so there were only some common intermediaries in some industries. However, in the Internet era, especially for Internet giants, the revenue from data and channels can completely make up for the intermediary fees. This is why several Internet giants now talk about ecology and make arrangements at every turn...

The reason why Internet giants are able to distribute traffic and provide information is because they control the channels, which means that traffic, or information, can only be distributed through them. In other words, the distribution of traffic has become a centralized process, not because information or traffic itself is centralized, but because BAT has centralized information distribution through layout and provision of intermediary services. , and then the center was in their hands.

Just take any example, such as takeout. Didn’t we have takeout before Meituan, the Internet, and Ele.me? No, we can also know the takeaway phone numbers of several nearby stores. This is a decentralized system. Ordering food does not require the participation of a third party. But why has the field become completely centralized now? It is because these companies provide intermediaries and provide a centralized platform. At the same time, they provide some things that previous decentralized systems cannot provide, such as information that is easy to query and use, and (relatively) real evaluation and rating systems. , and a convenient payment system (this is another centralized system).

So, after BAT laid out these companies, BAT took this channel into its hands. From then on, food ordering information will almost certainly be distributed through their platform, which seems to give people a sense of "BAT distributes ordering information through Make money" illusion. However, don’t forget that the reason why they were able to control this channel and the right to release this information was because they provided this intermediary system, which destroyed the original decentralized system with poor and opaque information exchange, causing this industry to become All information now needs to be distributed through them.

The reason why you think that "changing the underlying system is just changing the traffic center for distributing information" is because you preconceptionally believe that "this is a centralized system, so there must be a center." But they forget that these fields originally had no center. It was because someone first provided this centralized system and destroyed the original decentralized system, so this field had a center.

This is also the reason why people are optimistic about the blockchain and this article -

Everything that these intermediary systems can do, the blockchain can also do (or have The potential can be achieved), and the functions of these Internet intermediary platforms can be achieved through algorithms without going through BAT or any Internet giant.

Maybe now, technology, capital, and other resistances prevent blockchain from destroying these intermediaries in the same way that centralized platforms destroyed traditional decentralized markets. However, blockchain provides this This is a possibility, which is why many people say that blockchain is revolutionary, or that it can change the Internet.

As for reality, whether BAT can be killed, I can only say that the current blockchain has almost no ability to kill anything. Don’t talk about an already formed centralized system like Meituan. If you leave the blockchain in an area that the uncentralized BAT has not yet touched or disdains to touch, the blockchain must first put the original Let’s get rid of the decentralized system before talking about anything else.

At present, as far as I know, the blockchain has not yet received first blood.