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『一』What are the practical applications of blockchain in China
1.
WeBank
Application
Blockchain< br />Technology for loan settlement
WeBank jointly
Shanghai Huarui Bank
put into trial operation among banks
based on alliance
blockchain technology
/>Joint loan
Clearing platform is used to optimize the settlement and clearing of joint loans of two banks "
Weilidai
". With the introduction of this blockchain system,
all information
is recorded on the blockchain network and cannot be tampered with. It is liquidated simultaneously during the transaction process, achieving real-time liquidation and saving a lot of manpower and material resources. This is the practical application of "consortium chain".
2.
China UnionPay
Using blockchain technology to realize cross-bank point redemption
China UnionPay and IBM trial the sharing of blockchain technology
Points system
. The use of this blockchain system allows users to redeem reward points across banks and platforms. That is to say, a user's points in one bank can be exchanged for points and rewards from other banks, or even multiple airline miles and supermarket rewards. The efficiency of using bank points has been greatly improved.
3.
Toyota Motors
Use blockchain technology to track
auto parts
Toyota Motors joins the
R3
alliance, through blockchain Chain technology stores the production, processing and usage of each part in the blockchain, so that if there is a problem with a car part, the source of the part can be easily and quickly queried.
4. Central Bank’s Blockchain Digital Bill Trading Platform
The blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the Central Bank was successfully tested. Introducing
digital currency
for settlement can realize the simultaneous transfer of capital flow and information flow in digital bill transactions, thereby realizing DVP pay-versus-payment settlement. At the same time, the blockchain digital identity solution solves the problem of repeated KYC authentication for users between different financial institutions.
5.
Ant Financial
Blockchain Application
Ant Financial’s blockchain technology tests insurance and helps
Xinmei Life Mutual Insurance Company
Launched the first charity rescue account in the domestic insurance industry. Blockchain technology makes every fund flow open and transparent. Every fund flow data cannot be tampered with, and the whereabouts and use of every fund can be traced. Ant blockchain is used in
food safety traceability
and product authenticity traceability.
Author: Blockchain Development Company
Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/5ff8437bd58b
Source:
Jianshu
Copyright belongs to the author . Commercial reprint
Please contact
the author for authorization. Please indicate the source for non-commercial reprinting.
『二』What are the practical application cases of blockchain in China
The most widely used application of blockchain is still in the field of financial technology, such as digital asset trading. As an underlying technology, blockchain is the technical implementation method of Bitcoin. The rapid application of blockchain technology also requires virtual currency. In the past, a large-scale economic scenario that required mutual trust and extensive collaboration among many people could only be solved through a centralized approach, which was very inefficient. The emergence of blockchain technology solved this problem and eliminated this center. An important reason why this center can be removed is that virtual currency provides an endogenous economic incentive mechanism for the blockchain, giving people the motivation to join the economic activities transformed by the blockchain. Of course, blockchain will have more extensive and mature applications in more fields in the future. For example, in November last year, the State Grid submitted a patent application titled "About blockchain power transaction control methods and devices." This year, Xi'an The City Wall International Marathon is also the first in the world to use blockchain technology to register athletes' race data, winning links and other information on the blockchain, using its traceable and non-tamperable technical features to open up information channels between events and effectively Guaranteed the reliability of competition results.
『三』How to define blockchain and what are its application scenarios
Many people now think that blockchain is a universal technology that can do anything. Make blockchain technology a myth!
Regarding the definition of blockchain technology, American scholar Melanie Swann defined blockchain technology as an open, transparent and decentralized technology in her book "Blockchain: A New Economic Blueprint and Introduction" database.
Definition of Blockchain: Narrow VS Broad
As for the application scenarios of blockchain technology, it is natural to combine the differences between blockchain and other technologies. In terms of system characteristics.
Blockchain technology features include:
Blockchain is a global A database storage system that can be operated collaboratively in various places is different from traditional database operations where read and write permissions are in the hands of a company or a centralized authority (a characteristic of centralization). Blockchain believes that anyone with the ability to set up a server can participate. Nuggets from all over the world have deployed their own servers locally and connected to the blockchain network to become a node in this distributed database storage system; once joined, the node enjoys exactly the same rights as all other nodes and obligations (decentralized, distributed characteristics).
At the same time, those who provide services on the blockchain can perform read and write operations on any node in the system. Finally, all nodes around the world will complete the transaction according to a certain mechanism.Synchronize again and again to achieve complete consistency of data in all nodes in the blockchain network.
At the beginning of this year, the term blockchain began to enter everyone’s lives. From national leaders to aunts who dance square dances, everyone knows this term. This term is widely known by Bit Brought by coins.
As we all know, the first few dozen bitcoins could only be exchanged for one pizza. At its peak, it was worth more than 20,000 US dollars, which has skyrocketed by more than a thousand times. This has also benefited a large number of wealthy people. Currently, there are blockchain The virtual currency generated by technology is gradually entering everyone's life, and many people have joined the ranks of currency speculation. I often hear people say that if you buy the right currency a hundred times, a bicycle will become a sports car, and one coin will turn a young model. You can imagine how many of them are involved. Attractive.
Since 2008, various games applying blockchain technology have also become popular, such as development games (Network Letts Dog, 360 Block Cat), mining games (NetEase Planet, Virtual Earth, Gongxinbao), these are attracting everyone to join in the name of blockchain, and of course there are some that are really reliable, which requires everyone to identify them carefully.
Blockchain is a distributed ledger (database) that connects data blocks in an orderly manner and cryptographically ensures that it cannot be tampered with or forged. technology. In layman's terms, blockchain technology can achieve openness, transparency, non-tampering, non-forgery, and traceability of all data information in the system without the need for third-party endorsement. As an underlying protocol or technical solution, blockchain can effectively solve the problem of trust and realize the free transfer of value. It has broad prospects in the fields of digital currency, financial asset transaction settlement, digital government affairs, and certificate deposit and anti-counterfeiting data services.
Digital currency
After experiencing physical objects, precious metals, banknotes and other forms, digital currency has become the development direction of the digital economy era. Compared with physical currency, digital currency has the characteristics of easy portability and storage, low circulation cost, convenient use, easy anti-counterfeiting and management, breaking geographical restrictions, and better integration.
Bitcoin technically implements an electronic cash system in which both parties to the transaction can directly transfer funds to each other without the need for third-party transfer or arbitration. In June 2019, the Internet giant Facebook also released a white paper on its cryptocurrency Libra. Whether it is Bitcoin or Libra, the underlying technology they rely on is blockchain technology.
my country began the development of central bank digital currency as early as 2014. my country's digital currency DC/EP adopts a two-tier operating system: the central bank does not directly issue digital currency to the public. Instead, the central bank redeems the digital currency to various commercial banks or other legal operating institutions, and then these institutions exchange it for public supply. its use. In early August 2019, the central bank held a video conference on work for the second half of the year. The meeting called for accelerating the pace of research and development of the national legal digital currency.
Financial asset transaction settlement
Blockchain technology naturally has financial attributes, and it is causing disruptive changes in the financial industry. In terms of payment and settlement, under the blockchain distributed ledger system, multiple market participants jointly maintain and synchronize a "general ledger" in real time. Payment, clearing, and settlement that currently take two or three days can be completed in just a few minutes. tasks, reducing the complexity and cost of cross-bank and cross-border transactions. At the same time, the underlying encryption technology of the blockchain ensures that participants cannot tamper with the ledger, ensuring that transaction records are transparent and safe. Regulators can easily track on-chain transactions and quickly locate high-risk capital flows. In terms of securities issuance transactions, traditional stock issuance processes are long, costly and complex. Blockchain technology can weaken the role of underwriting institutions and help all parties establish a fast and accurate information exchange and sharing channel. Issuers handle issuance on their own through smart contracts, and regulatory authorities With unified review and verification, investors can also bypass intermediaries and conduct direct operations. In terms of digital bills and supply chain finance, blockchain technology can effectively solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. It is difficult for current supply chain finance to benefit small and medium-sized enterprises in the upper reaches of the industrial chain, because they often do not have direct trade relations with core enterprises, and it is difficult for financial institutions to evaluate their credit qualifications. Based on blockchain technology, we can establish a consortium chain network covering core enterprises, upstream and downstream suppliers, financial institutions, etc. The core enterprises issue accounts receivable vouchers to their suppliers. After the bills are digitized and uploaded to the chain, they can be uploaded to the supplier Transfer between them, each level of supplier can realize the corresponding amount of financing with the digital bill certificate.
Digital Government Affairs
Blockchain can make data run and greatly streamline the service process. The distributed technology of blockchain can allow government departments to concentrate on one chain, and all service processes are delivered to smart contracts. As long as the service personnel pass the identity authentication and electronic signature in one department, the smart contracts can be automatically processed and transferred, and the subsequent steps can be completed in sequence. All approvals and signatures. Blockchain invoice is the earliest application of domestic blockchain technology. The tax department launched the "Tax Chain" platform for blockchain electronic invoices. The tax department, the issuer, and the payee join the "Tax Chain" network through unique digital identities, truly realizing "instant invoicing for transactions" and "instant reimbursement after invoicing" - in seconds Level invoicing and minute-level reimbursement accounting greatly reduce tax collection and management costs, and effectively solve problems such as data tampering, over-reporting of one ticket, and tax evasion. Poverty alleviation is another practical application of blockchain technology. Utilize the characteristics of openness, transparency, traceability, and non-tampering of blockchain technology to achieve transparent use, precise investment, and efficient management of poverty alleviation funds.
Evidence-based anti-counterfeiting
Blockchain can prove the existence of a file or digital content at a specific time through hash timestamps, and it is open, non-tamperable, and traceable. It provides perfect solutions for judicial forensics, identity certification, property rights protection, anti-counterfeiting and traceability, etc. In the field of intellectual property rights, the rights of text, pictures, audio and video, etc. can be confirmed through digital signatures of blockchain technology and on-chain certificates.Smart contracts create and execute transactions, allowing creators to regain pricing power, preserve data in real time to form an evidence chain, and cover the three major scenarios of rights confirmation, transaction and rights protection. In the field of anti-counterfeiting and traceability, blockchain technology can be widely used in various fields such as food and medicine, agricultural products, alcohol, and luxury goods through supply chain tracking.
Data services
Blockchain technology will greatly optimize existing big data applications and play a huge role in data circulation and sharing. In the future, the Internet, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things will generate massive amounts of data. The existing centralized data storage (computing model) will face huge challenges. Edge storage (computing) based on blockchain technology is expected to become a future solution. Furthermore, the non-tampering and traceability mechanism of blockchain ensures the authenticity and high quality of data, which becomes the basis for all data applications such as big data, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. Finally, blockchain can realize multi-party collaborative data calculations while protecting data privacy, and is expected to solve the problems of "data monopoly" and "data islands" and realize the value of data circulation. In response to the current blockchain development stage, in order to meet the blockchain development and application needs of general business users, many traditional cloud service providers have begun to deploy their own BaaS ("Blockchain as a Service") solutions. The combination of blockchain and cloud computing will effectively reduce enterprise blockchain deployment costs and promote the implementation of blockchain application scenarios. In the future, blockchain technology will also play an important role in many fields such as charity, insurance, energy, logistics, and the Internet of Things.
The three words "blockchain" were completely ignited during the Spring Festival that just passed. The limelight overshadowed everything. Some people said that this was the arrival of a new era. The past It has become a classic, and some people say that it is all hype and is ultimately a bubble.
In fact, blockchain technology is not a new concept. It has been applied to many industries, such as electronic signatures, as early as the past two years. Recently, the third-party electronic signature platform eShanbao revealed the latest progress of blockchain applications to NewSeed.
Currently, blockchain technology is mainly used in e-signing products for certificate deposit and certificate issuance. The application scenarios include copyright protection and online signing. , web page forensics, phone recording, email storage of evidence, etc.
Take the rights protection of online works as an example. Since online rights protection generally adopts the method of collecting evidence after the fact, real-time confirmation of rights is not carried out in the process of evidence generation, so the entire confirmation process is difficult. The copyright process is time-consuming, difficult and costly to obtain evidence, and extremely difficult to prove and trace the source. It cannot meet the characteristics of rapid dissemination and large quantity of online works.
eShanbao's new intellectual property protection solution based on timestamp + blockchain starts from the user's real-name authentication and solidifies the information generated in the process in real time. electricitySub-data, and through the time source service synchronized with the National Time Service Center, online works are stamped with legally valid timestamps to prove that electronic files have not been tampered with in a certain period of time. Blockchain technology can establish point-to-point trust in the network, ensuring that all blockchain nodes can record complete copyright confirmation and transaction records, and can trace their origins, truly realizing anti-repudiation and anti-tampering, and realizing a kind of distribution. trust infrastructure.
Founder and CEO Jin Hongzhou believes that the application of decentralized blockchain technology has greatly improved the efficiency of data storage and certification, and The credibility of the identity of the parties reduces the cost of trust, but it cannot replace the original centralized public key encryption technology. The two should complement each other. Through the combination of the two, it can provide users with real-time and reliable Confirmation plan.
Next, e-Shanbao will also focus on building a smart contract platform based on blockchain technology. Jin Hongzhou said that data storage, Issuing certificates is only a relatively superficial application based on blockchain technology. It is the first step to implement blockchain technology, and the realization of real smart contracts is the second step. "Smart contracts cannot simply be understood as electronic contracts. They refer to a process, from the conclusion of the contract to the confirmation to the final execution." Jin Hongzhou explained.
From a technical perspective, blockchain is not a brand-new technology, but a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, encryption algorithms, and smart contracts. Specifically, blockchain technology is a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database in a decentralized, high-trust manner.
Due to its advantages such as "decentralization", "distributed data storage", "traceability", "anti-tampering", and "openness and transparency", blockchain technology can effectively solve data problems. By establishing a trustworthy data management environment, we can prevent and avoid various data management problems such as data fraud, tampering, and loss, and promote the efficient sharing and application of data. In the process of practice and exploration, the application scope of blockchain technology continues to expand, especially in the field of public resource transactions, and continues to empower public resource transaction management services.
Facilitate transaction data sharing and transaction witnessing
Facilitate transaction data Share
Currently, the data of different trading centers are not interoperable, and the subject information of different trading centers needs to be entered repeatedly. It is difficult to verify the off-site performance provided by the bidders during the bid evaluation process. It is difficult to troubleshoot the same person repeatedly serving as project manager. Issues such as low cost of breach of trust. Establishing a cross-regional subject database based on blockchain can well alleviate the above problems.
The characteristics of the distributed ledger based on the blockchain can effectively ensure the real-time or quasi-real-time sharing of data, and can reduce the repeated entry of subject information; the use of blockchain information that cannot be tampered can ensure the authenticity of the data transfer process on the chain, within the regional alliance The bidder's performance is directly taken from the on-chain data, making it impossible to hide fake performance. At the same time, the sharing of bidding behavior data through the blockchain provides a data basis for the development of "joint punishment of dishonest enterprises".
Blockchain-based transaction witness
"Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Integration and Sharing of Public Resource Trading Platforms" ( The State Office Letter [2019] No. 41) pointed out the need to optimize services such as witnessing, venues, information, files, and expert extraction. However, at present, public resource transaction process witnessing is mainly based on manual on-site witnessing, which has limited witnessing intensity, high occupation of human resources, and limited witnessing effect. Due to its centralized characteristics, the traditional digital witness system is prone to data tampering, and the data is easily damaged or lost during the storage and migration process, which has certain flaws in terms of security and usability.
Utilize the distributed, difficult to tamper, and traceable characteristics of the blockchain to solidify and store the data generated in each transaction link, and accurately record the data generated through time stamp technology, summary algorithm, and electronic signature technology. Time, content, data source. According to the technical characteristics of the blockchain, simple structured data can be directly saved on the blockchain. For unstructured layout files, videos, audio and other large files, the summary information and original files can be saved through the blockchain. Save via a distributed file storage service. When there are disputes or problems in a transaction, the blockchain can provide a set of credible transaction process data and clarify the responsibilities of all parties involved in the transaction. Achieve the goals of risk prevention and control in all aspects, traceability of the entire process, and improvement of all-round services.
Promote the rationalization of electronic guarantee rates
Promote financial services and corporate financing for bidding enterprises
Promote the rationalization of electronic guarantee rates
At present, electronic bidding deposit guarantee letters have certain applications in the field of bidding, solving the problem of bidding deposit funds for bidding companies. Occupancy issues. However, because financial institutions currently do not have reliable historical bidding behavior data of bidders, they are unable to judge the default risks of different bidders. As a result, the guarantee services charged to bidders adopt fixed rates, which makes a small number of bids with high default risks The cost of personal guarantee is allocated to most bidders with low default risk, which increases the guarantee rates for most bidders to a certain extent.
At present, it is up to the bidder to choose whether to use an electronic letter of guarantee, and the rate is the main choice basis for the bidder. If the bidder performance records are aggregated and shared through the blockchain, the performance of different bidders can be analyzed.It provides different guarantee rates for different bidders, which not only reduces the risks of financial institutions, but also reduces the use costs of most bidders and promotes the use of bid guarantees. To a certain extent, it can also encourage bidders to abide by contracts and keep promises, and maintain Bidding market order.
Promote financial services for bidding companies
The bidding behavior of bidders is scattered in various trading centers, and the data is simply aggregated In a centralized information system, there is a risk of data tampering (untrustworthy), and valuable bidder transaction behavior data cannot be gathered and shared safely and reliably. Through blockchain technology, bidders from multiple trading centers are gathered, and historical bidding, winning bids, defaults, violations and other behavioral records provide data support for financial institutions to evaluate the bidders' credit in the bidding sub-sector.
Solving the financing problems of successful bidders
Traditional corporate loans mainly evaluate the company's solvency: collateral, audit There are requirements for accurate financial statements and sustained profitability, but most small and medium-sized enterprises cannot provide these "proofs" at all. Difficulty and expensive financing have become problems faced by many small and medium-sized enterprises in bidding activities. Using the methods of the past will no longer work. To solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, we can only rely on new technologies and new tools. With the help of the non-tamperable characteristics of blockchain, primary business data from multiple trading centers are gathered, and big data analysis technology is combined to build a portrait of a credible bidder. On the one hand, it improves the risk control level of financial institutions and taps high-quality bidding companies. On the other hand, it lowers the loan threshold for bidding companies and optimizes the service experience.
Drawing on the supply chain finance model, the bidder is a core enterprise with good credit in government departments, national enterprises and institutions, and the winning contract obtained by the winning bidder as a supplier is considered by financial institutions to be a high-quality asset. Apply for a loan from a financial institution. Under the traditional paper-based model, there is a risk of order and contract fraud and the process is cumbersome. Centralized information systems require operators to have strong authority. The distributed ledger and difficult-to-tamper characteristics of the blockchain will help solve the above problems. The contract signing between the tenderer and the bidder and the subsequent financial service links will be realized on the blockchain, which not only solves the problem of data trustworthiness but also reduces the risk of corruption. The entire system relies on a centralized authority.
Through further analysis, we found that credit sales are currently prevalent among domestic enterprises, and the upstream suppliers of the winning bidder have a large funding gap. The credit of the bidder can only be passed to the winning bidder (the winning contract cannot be split or transferred), and the upstream suppliers Business owners are unable to obtain high-quality loans from financial institutions. If the winning contract is converted into a "pass" on the chain, the "pass" can be split, and the winning bidder holding the "pass" can pay part or all of the voucher to the upstream supplier, making it discountable and financing. The "tokens" on the chain can be split and transferred from first-level suppliers to second-level (and multi-level) suppliers, thereby allowing core enterprise credit to be transferred to multi-level suppliers. due to credit salesThe supplier's capital shortage problem has been solved, improving the business environment; value transfer through the blockchain has greatly shortened the financing cycle; reducing supplier loan costs will help reduce the production cost of raw materials or intermediate products, and ultimately increase the number of bidders profit margins and indirectly reduce the cost of the tenderer.
Regarding blockchain, we can imagine a decentralized management model and technical processing method.
Let me give you an example. There are five people in your family, and they have never been able to figure out how to arrange work and handle family relationships.
So, you and your family discuss it together and simply use voting to solve the problem.
Then this way of voting to solve problems can be called the most elementary blockchain.
Decentralization solves problems.
What application scenarios can blockchain have?
In fact, many of our families and many organizations use blockchain management forms every day
However, this kind of blockchain application for organizational relationships cannot produce Economic Value.
What are the economic applications of blockchain?
The first type is used for tax deposit certificates, bank transfers, etc.
Make full use of the traceability function of the blockchain so that all records can be retrieved and queried at any time
The second type is applied to enterprise operation and management
Enterprises using blockchain management can better solve the problems of enterprise development and allow enterprises to Able to develop faster and make more money.
Summary: The application scenarios of blockchain include taxation, bank transfers, etc., and can also be applied to business operations.
The characteristics of blockchain are distributed accounting and decentralization, but the ultimate goal is to make people get along more equally. Technology is meaningful only when it serves human values, and technology that meets human value needs will develop. Therefore, blockchain is in line with human pursuit of freedom and equality, so its trend to become mainstream is unstoppable.
Currently, there are many blockchain gimmicks, which are basically used to issue coins. The newly launched ono is a decentralized, free and global social platform. Due to decentralization, your chat communication information is peer-to-peer and cannot be viewed by others. In other words, your every word and deed will no longer be recorded and reviewed at any time like it is now on WeChat, QQ, and Facebook, freeing you from the trouble of surveillance.
In fact, blockchain technology can be used in any field. Information that previously required third-party confirmation can be completed online and confirmed at multiple nodes, making it difficult (almost impossible) to delete.
At present, blockchain is still in its infancyAt this stage, the technology is not mature enough, but it is also the best time to enter.
Blockchain is a decentralized technology. Blockchain can be applied to all products currently covered by the Internet.
The most popular application industry at present is the financial industry.
An application that has been implemented is product traceability. Alibaba and JD.com are already using blockchain technology to fully trace the origin of some of the products they sell. Consumers can trace the origin of the purchased products. There are also many blockchain applications in the digital advertising industry. Since digital advertising traffic fraud causes losses of tens of billions of dollars every year, there are already blockchain application projects based on digital advertising, such as DCAD, which is based on blockchain. The digital advertising application of blockchain technology mainly solves the problem of traffic fraud
In the future, as the application of blockchain technology becomes more mature, it will be applied in many industries, creating a new ecosystem based on technological trust. Mode
What is blockchain If you explain blockchain in non-technical terms, blockchain is a place where data is stored. However, the data stored in the blockchain is safe and reliable and does not need to be managed by anyone. Therefore, in the Internet, a place where data and information explode, having such a place will be like a magical treasure land.
If you ask what the blockchain can do, it is better to say what applications require the use of the blockchain. As mentioned earlier, blockchain is a safe place, so wherever data needs to be protected securely on the Internet, blockchain technology needs to be used. For example:
Because the use of blockchain technology can better protect the data of policyholders, in today’s Internet, data is value and wealth, so value protection and value transmission are the future development directions of the Internet. And blockchain technology can really do just that.
If there are any deficiencies, you are welcome to comment and correct me.
In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and non-tamperable. Fake distributed ledger.
The two parties involved in the transaction do not need to know who the other party is, nor do they need a third party for trust endorsement. They only need to trust a common algorithm to establish mutual trust and conduct direct transactions.
Its characteristics are trustlessness and decentralization. The destruction of each node's ledger has no impact on the entire blockchain. The blockchain runs point-to-point payments without a center that may cheat, and the security is greatly improved. Improved, the entire transaction network has changed from a star structure to a point-to-point P2P structure.
In the future, blockchain will be used in many fields and will have a great impact on human life. . From digital currency to securities and financial contracts, medical care, games, and artificial intelligence, smart contracts, Internet of Things, e-commerce, file storage and other fields can be widely used.
1. Cloud storage
This is the statistics of current cloud storage on the Internet. In terms of volume, Google has the largest volume, which is 8,000PB. So what if we share the idle data on the Internet?
Starlight Cloud builds a blockchain data computing and storage lake through Starlight Chain, with a total storage capacity of 15,000P (approximately 15.72864 billion G) in the future. This will be more than 10 times that of Alibaba Cloud's 1500PB! It is also more than four times the size of the Taizhou Storage Center, the largest storage lake in the world after expansion.
2. Medical aspects
Using blockchain technology to save personal medical records also retains personal medical historical data, which can be used when seeing a doctor or planning for your own health in the future. Historical data can be called directly. These data are highly private, and the use of blockchain technology also helps protect patient privacy.
『四』What are the applications of blockchain technology?
Blockchain has become popular, so what are the application fields of blockchain? ?
At present, the most extensive and successful application of blockchain technology is the digital currency represented by Bitcoin. Digital currency has developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the characteristics of decentralized credit and frequent transactions, it has a high transaction value and can maintain a relatively stable price through the development of hedging financial derivatives as a quasi-super-sovereign currency.
Financial institutions are the most willing to explore blockchain applications and need new technologies to improve operational efficiency and reduce costs to cope with the current status of the entire global economy. Objectively speaking, the market space in the financial industry is huge, and a little progress can bring huge benefits. The financial industry is an industry with extremely high requirements for security and stability. If the application of blockchain in the financial field is verified, it will have a huge demonstration effect and be quickly promoted in other industries. In the financial field, in addition to digital currency applications, blockchain has gradually begun to be applied in cross-border payments, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bills, asset securitization, bank credit reporting and other fields.
As the application of blockchain technology in the financial field continues to be verified, its technical advantages are gradually showing value in other industries. At present, blockchain application projects are gradually being implemented in fields such as medical and health, IP copyright, education, culture and entertainment, communications, charity, social management, sharing economy, and the Internet of Things, and "blockchain" is becoming a reality.
(1) Blockchain medical care: In the medical field, blockchain can use its anonymity, decentralization and other characteristics to protect patient privacy. Electronic health (EHR), DNA wallet, drug anti-counterfeiting, etc. are all possible application areas of blockchain technology. IBM predicted in last year's report that 56% of medical institutions worldwideWill invest in blockchain technology by 2020.
(2) Blockchain Internet of Things: The Internet of Things is a very broad concept. If communications, energy management, supply chain management, sharing economy, etc. are included, the Internet of Things with blockchain technology Application will become a very important application field.
(3) Blockchain IP copyright & cultural entertainment: Since the Internet became popular, digital music, digital books, digital videos, digital games, etc. have gradually become mainstream. The rise of the knowledge economy has made intellectual property rights a core element of market competition. However, intellectual property infringement is serious in the current Internet ecosystem, and the copyright protection of digital assets has become a pain point in the industry. Blockchain features disintermediation, consensus mechanism, and non-tampering. Blockchain technology can effectively integrate all aspects of the cultural and entertainment value chain, accelerate circulation, and shorten the value creation cycle; at the same time, it can realize the value of digital content Transfer, and ensure that the transfer process is credible, auditable and transparent, effectively preventing piracy and other behaviors. Blockchain Public Services & Education: In the fields of public services, education, charity and public welfare, issues such as file management, identity (qualification) certification, and public trust all exist objectively. The traditional method is to rely on third parties with credibility. The company makes credit endorsements, but problems such as fraud and deficiencies still exist.
『五』What are the practical applications of the blockchain 1.0 era?
The development of blockchain 1.0 is closely related to digital currency, and its applications are generally concentrated in currency transfer, exchange and payment. . In a sense, blockchain technology during this period found a solution to the decentralization of currency and payments.
Currency and payment constitute the most significant applications in the blockchain 1.0 era. A series of virtual currencies represented by Bitcoin have emerged, such as Litecoin, Dogecoin, Ripple, Futurecoin, and Peercoin. Etc., thousands of digital currencies have been produced around the world, and there are about 700 types still in operation. These "alternative currencies" act as "cash" on the Internet, opening up another world in the financial field. In the application scenario of virtual currency, individuals can use a decentralized, distributed and global way to allocate and trade various resources.
The blockchain during this period has set off a huge wave in the financial field. In areas related to transfers, remittances and digital payments, blockchain technology has attracted much attention. In these fields, the traditional method requires tedious processing processes such as the account opening bank, counterparty bank, clearing organization, overseas bank (agent bank or overseas branch) through central institutions such as banks, which takes a long time and is costly. After applying blockchain technology, payment can realize end-to-end transactions, eliminating the cumbersome intermediary processing links. It is not only fast, but also has very low transaction costs. Especially in terms of cross-border payments, the blockchain-based payment system can provide users with global cross-border, real-time payment and clearing services in any currency. Cross-border payments will be completed instantly at a low cost.
Master’s degree under Lianqiao Education OnlineThe innovative blockchain technology workstation is the only approved "blockchain technology professional" pilot workstation for the "Smart Learning Workshop 2020-Master's Degree Innovation Workstation" launched by the School Planning, Construction and Development Center of the Ministry of Education of China. The professional base is based on providing students with diversified growth paths, promoting the reform of the training model integrating professional degree research, production, and research, and building an applied and compound talent training system.
『Lu』 What are the application examples of blockchain technology
The express logistics industry is an industry that is very suitable for the application of blockchain technology.
In fact, the logistics ecosystem is relatively complex and there are many groups involved in the process.
The industry itself is a complex of segments with the concept of "flow". Starting from the initial "business flow", it gradually gave birth to "logistics", as well as the corresponding support of "capital flow" and "information flow" , complete the service chain.
There is a key issue behind the emergence of various "flows", which is the transfer of commodity ownership.
Coincidentally, many of the types of problems solved by blockchain technology are related to the trust friction generated during the transfer of asset ownership.
The application of blockchain technology can significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of settlement business in the express logistics industry, effectively solve the problem of traceability and anti-counterfeiting of items, and fully ensure information security and the privacy of senders and recipients.
In the field of promoting application in the express logistics industry, there are domestic blockchain companies doing applications in this area, such as Walton Chain.
Last year, Waltonchain reached a strategic cooperation with Huodou (Xiamen) Technology Co., Ltd., using Waltonchain’s “RFID blockchain” technology solution to help it improve its logistics solutions and move goods to Dou puts data on the chain in all aspects of its logistics turnover, such as entering and exiting the warehouse, receiving goods and other key nodes. After deploying the reading and writing system, when the object passes through any link, the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader and writer, and the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader. Corresponding behaviors are converted into data and uploaded to the blockchain. Users can trace the entire logistics process with one click.
Four business scenarios that can be implemented in the real environment are suitable for the application of blockchain technology.
Scenario 1: Insured express delivery
Revolving around the insured scenario, express companies transport goods, insurance companies provide guaranteed goods, merchants provide goods sales, sellers purchase insured services, and the government regulates the industry.
So, what should be recorded on the blockchain? There are several key points. The logistics details of the goods, accounts, identities, claims, other reference data and other information are recorded on the blockchain.
Insured price is the concept of a contract. When the customer signs for the package normally, the account claim is automatically triggered, the contract ends normally, and the premium is automatically cleared. If there is a problem or missing piece, the insurance company's claim process will be triggered.
Scenario 2: Charity express delivery
For charity activities, such as the "One Cent" campaign, one cent from the cost of each charity package is donated to the account of the charity organization . this sceneAmong them, express delivery companies are still responsible for the transportation of goods, public welfare organizations provide public welfare activities, and poverty alleviation merchants provide public welfare and poverty alleviation commodity sales.
Then what is recorded in the blockchain is the logistics details of the goods. After the package is signed for, it will be recorded on the blockchain, automatically triggering the transfer from the logistics company's public welfare account to the public welfare organization's account. When the public welfare activities are completed, the entire process is open and transparent, which avoids the public's distrust of social welfare activities.
Scenario 3: Industry blacklist sharing
At present, the blacklist of express delivery employees is still mainly offline. We hope that through blockchain technology, each company can record the blacklist of employees on the blockchain, and other companies can also query it, and the data cannot be modified, and can be traced back to which company this person worked in What kind of inappropriate behavior and other information.
Scenario 4: Supervision of safety incidents in postal delivery channels
Many express companies will install security inspection machines, and the government also wants to know whether each logistics company has any transportation safety hazards. Through the distributed accounting model, each express delivery company can record the effective information of the security incident on the blockchain when a security incident occurs, so that regulatory agencies can monitor it in real time and cannot be tampered with.
『撒』 What are the practical applications of blockchain technology
Answer: The practical applications of blockchain technology
1. Financial field
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Blockchain has potentially huge application value in financial fields such as international exchange, letters of credit, equity registration and stock exchanges.
The application of blockchain technology in the financial industry can eliminate the need for third-party intermediaries and achieve direct point-to-point connection, thereby greatly reducing costs and quickly completing transaction payments.
2. Internet of Things and Logistics Fields
Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the Internet of Things and logistics fields. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved. This field is considered to be a promising application direction of blockchain.
3. Public service fields
Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but the centralized nature of these fields also brings Some problems can be solved using blockchain.
4. Digital copyright field
Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. sex.
5. Insurance field
In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs.
6. Public welfare fields
The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for use in social welfare scenarios.
『8』 Application cases of blockchain + Internet of Things integration technology in the shipping field
Application cases of blockchain + Internet of Things integration technology in the shipping field
Introduction to Haifu Shipping Chain
1. Background
As a traditional and irreplaceable important industry, the shipping industry plays an important role in the international trade industry chain and has always been an important force supporting the development of globalization. The international shipping market is a fully competitive and open market. There are certain risks, but there are also huge business opportunities.
In the traditional investment field of the shipping industry, there are untimely information disclosures and opaque operating data of ship management companies, which has brought a lot of scrutiny to investors and financial institutions. It also brings a lot of inconvenience to the financing of small and medium-sized shipping companies. How to establish a reliable trust system between investors and financiers, establish an effective communication bridge, and effectively serve the capital in the shipping market, has always been This is a problem that the Haifu Fund team is working hard to break through. Now, the Haifu team has created the first digital asset shipping platform, and through the integration of blockchain + Internet of Things technology, it has completely solved the problem of unreal information disclosure and operating data, and also discovered potential opportunities in the shipping market, unleashing the potential of the shipping market, and leading more people to share the dividends of the shipping industry.
The Haifu team is a shipping investment team with more than 20 years of rich experience in international shipping. Its core team Members have served as senior managers in large shipping companies such as China Ocean Shipping Group (COSCO), Hong Kong Kaitong, Hong Kong Weili Lines, and Singapore IMC Shipping. The team members are very familiar with the shipping market and financial market. They are not only good at ship management, but also He specializes in ship buying and selling and ship investment management. During his many years of shipping career, the founder has owned nearly 20 large dry bulk ships, with a total deadweight of more than 1 million tons, annual turnover of more than 100 million US dollars, and average annual investment. The income reaches 30%.
Haifu Fund and Xinyang Shipping Ship Management Co., Ltd. have established a long-term partnership. Xinyang Shipping Co., Ltd. has an excellent ship management team. The company's team has overcome many technical problems of bulk cargo ships: In terms of navigation technology, we have dealt with many ship maneuvering issues under severe weather conditions; in terms of business, we have also dealt with dozens of charter transport contract disputes, as well as ocean bill of lading issues, ship insurance and other complex issues. .
In order to truly present the operating data, the Haifu team uploaded the core operating data of the partners to the public chain On the market, through the combination of software, hardware and blockchain data, operational indicators are publicized, allowing investors to understand the true situation of ship operations in real time.
Main on-chain data:
1. Through AIS data on-chain, master the real-time position information and navigation trajectory of each ship;
2. Through chartering The shipping contract is uploaded to the blockchain to allow investors to understand the operating income;
3. The voyage benefit calculation data is uploaded to the blockchain to allow investors to understand the operating profit.
In addition, shipping data sensors are installed on the bridge and engine room control room of the ship. The sensor integrates multiple technologies of blockchain + Internet of Things technology. The sensor has both The functions of data collection and real-time data uploading embed blockchain technology into the hardware level, allowing the objective operating data collected by the hardware to be uploaded to the chain in real time, thus avoiding the possible moral hazard of human tampering with data.
1. Compare the ship’s fuel consumption data collected through sensors with the theoretically calculated data;
2. Compare the ship’s mileage data collected through sensors with the actual data at the loading and unloading port;
3. Compare the cargo capacity calculated by collecting ship draft data through sensors with the quantity agreed in the transportation contract.
Through multiple cross-references, real-time operating conditions are reflected to investors and financial institutions. In addition, Haifu Company also timely updates and discloses the latest project progress and investment income on the homepage of the website. After expiration, smart contracts are used to automatically execute the deduction of dividends and interest, ensuring that the investment returns of investors and financial institutions are received in a timely manner.
In addition to information disclosure and the authenticity of management data, if the ultimate risk occurs, the Haifu team also has countermeasures: ship asset disposal. The risk of disposal of ship assets is relatively controllable. The international price of scrap steel is basically based on the international price of scrap steel. The international price of scrap steel is relatively stable. It has basically remained at around US$400 per ton for many years. With a load capacity of about 50,000 tons of Panamax ships, the weight of scrap steel is 1 For example, about 10,000 tons, which means that the price of ship scrapping is about 4 million US dollars. Generally speaking, for ships that are about 20 years old, regardless of the rise or fall of scrap steel, scrap steel can basically cover 80% of the ship price. Of course, it is not ruled out that due to the sharp rise or fall of scrap steelpremiums and losses caused.
In addition, the operating income of shipping is also relatively considerable: according to the current market level, the market rental level of a bulk carrier of about 50,000 deadweight tons is about 10,000 US dollars a day, deducting the fixed cost, it is about 4,000 US dollars a day, and The gross profit per day is about US$6,000, and the annual income is about US$2-2.5 million, which also means that an investment of US$5 million, after deducting depreciation, can still recover the investment in three years.
By integrating blockchain technology and Internet of Things technology, the Haifu team will apply it to the shipping industry to bring powerful Promote the rapid and standardized development of the industry, eliminate the complicated due diligence procedures of financial institutions, greatly reduce the investigation threshold for investors or financial institutions, establish technical barriers to credit, and bring stable and reliable investment returns to investors.
