区块链债券融资流程图,区块链债券融资流程是什么

区块链债券融资流程是一种可以帮助企业融资的新型技术，本文将介绍它的三个关键词：区块链、融资、债券。

区块链：区块链技术是一种分布式数据存储技术，它将数据存储在一系列的区块中，每个区块都有一个唯一的数字签名，用以确认其有效性。区块链技术的优势在于，它能够极大地提高数据存储的安全性和可靠性，这对于企业融资来说是至关重要的。

融资：融资是指企业通过借入资金，以获得资本来源的过程。融资可以帮助企业实现经济增长，改善经营状况，提高经营效率，满足企业的资金需求。使用区块链技术进行融资，可以极大地降低企业融资的成本，提高融资效率，提升企业的经营状况。

债券：债券是指企业向投资者发行的一种债务工具，投资者可以通过购买债券来获得企业支付的利息，而企业则可以通过发行债券来获得资金。使用区块链技术发行债券，可以极大地提高债券发行的安全性和可靠性，降低发行的成本，提升融资效率。

从上面可以看出，区块链债券融资流程是一种融资新技术，它可以帮助企业更安全、更可靠地融资，并降低融资成本，提高融资效率。未来，区块链债券融资流程将会成为企业融资的一种重要方式，为企业提供更多的融资机会。

Ⅰ How does Huaneng Lancangjiang District use blockchain to solve the problem of difficult financing?

If Huaneng Lancangjiang District wants to use blockchain to solve the problem of difficult financing, it can consider the following points :

1. Issuance of digital currencies based on blockchain technology

Huaneng Lancangjiang District can issue digital currencies based on blockchain technology to replace traditional currencies for investment and financing means. Through blockchain technology, digital currency transactions can achieve decentralization and real-time settlement. It also has features such as anti-counterfeiting and traceability, which increases the trust of investors.

2. Use blockchain for asset securitization

Huaneng Lancangjiang District can securitize some of its own projects or assets, convert them into digital assets and pass them through the district Blockchain technology is used for management and transactions. This can improve the liquidity generated by financing and attract more investors to participate in financing.

3. Build a decentralized financing platform

Huaneng Lancangjiang District can use blockchain technology to build a decentralized financing platform to streamline the financing process. Be more open and transparent and reduce the cost of trust among participants. At the same time, because of the decentralized nature of the platform, participants can freely choose the projects and investment directions to participate in, which improves the flexibility and diversity of financing.

In short, blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, and high security, which provides a good means and direction for Huaneng Lancangjiang District to solve the problem of financing difficulties.

Ⅱ Blockchain + Supply Chain Finance

Supply chain finance is a kind of financing that banks connect core enterprises with upstream and downstream enterprises to provide flexible financial products and services. model. Financing services for upstream and downstream supply chain finance usually focus on core enterprises.

Since core enterprises usually have strict requirements on upstream and downstream suppliers and dealers in terms of pricing and account terms, small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain often experience financial constraints and liquidity difficulties. To solve the problem of capital circulation difficulties for small, medium and micro enterprises, risk control is the biggest problem for Internet supply chain financial platforms. This also leads to the fact that among the four financing types: accounts receivable, prepayment, inventory financing and credit loans, accounts receivable has the largest scale.

The core pain points of traditional supply chain finance:

The accounts payable assets of core enterprises cannot be transferred step by step, and the factoring business cannot run through the entire supply chain. The financial needs of second- and third-tier suppliers cannot be met, leading to product quality problems.

The use of commercial bills is subject to the credibility of the company, and it is difficult to control the arrival time of discounts; the settlement agreement between suppliers lacks a systematic automatic triggering mechanism; supply chain finance involves multiple links In business, there is a lack of credible technical means to guarantee payment.

Financial institutions are very important in trade background verification, reliable pledge, and returnThe operational and risk costs in terms of payment control and other aspects are high, and it is difficult for enterprises or platforms in the trade chain to self-certify. It is difficult for financial institutions to balance the costs, risks and benefits of supply chain finance business.

According to iResearch's latest "2018 China Supply Chain Finance Industry Research Report": In my country, the accounts receivable of industrial enterprises have reached a certain size, laying the foundation for carrying out corresponding supply chain financing. foundation. However, the scale of supply chain financing is far smaller than that of basic accounts receivable financing.

According to surveys, the loan demand index of small and medium-sized enterprises continues to be greater than 50%, indicating that corporate financing needs continue to exist.

Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger technology with technical characteristics such as decentralization, non-tampering, high security and smart contracts. It ensures the integrity and reliability of information and can effectively solve the transaction process. issues of trust and security.

1) Core enterprises confirm the rights to assets on the blockchain, including verification and confirmation of the authenticity and validity of debt certificates. The non-tamperable nature of the blockchain ensures that the creditor's rights certificate itself cannot be forged, proving the true validity of the circulation of the creditor's rights certificate. It can be split and transferred step by step to achieve credit penetration of core enterprises, thus solving the problem of financing difficulties for supplier companies on the chain. .

2) All data on the chain can be traced back to the source, saving financial institutions a lot of offline due diligence and manpower and material costs to verify the authenticity of transaction information, and supplementing the risk control systems of banks or Internet financial institutions. Relying on the credit transfer of core enterprises, suppliers can enjoy faster and more efficient financing services, effectively solving the problem of difficult and expensive financing.

3) In this trustful ecosystem, the credit of core enterprises can be converted into online digital warrants, preventing performance risks through smart contracts, allowing credit to be effectively transmitted along the supply chain, reducing cooperation costs, and improving Performance efficiency. More importantly, when digital warrants can be anchored on the chain, smart contracts can also be used to split and transfer funds from upstream and downstream enterprises, greatly increasing the speed of funds and realizing automatic liquidation.

At present, many domestic companies have started using blockchain technology to lay out the supply chain financial market. We selected the following four competing products for analysis and research, and analyzed the solutions of blockchain + supply chain finance.

Product introduction:

Micro Enterprise Chain uses accounts receivable from core enterprises as the underlying assets, and uses Tencent blockchain technology to realize the transfer and split of debt certificates.

Among them, when the original assets are registered on the chain, the supplier's accounts receivable are reviewed and verified to confirm the authenticity and validity of the trade relationship to ensure the authenticity and credibility of the assets on the chain. Debt certificates can beBased on the layer-by-layer splitting and circulation of the supply chain, each layer of circulation can completely trace the original assets registered on the chain to achieve credit penetration of core enterprises to multi-level suppliers.

Business process:

Risk control:

Product experience:

There is no specific operation interface to experience the Micro Enterprise Chain. The supplier registration portal is a mini program. The official website of Micro Enterprise Chain/Lianyirong only has a "Contact Us" entrance. It is speculated that the platform is not open to the outside world, and you need to be a target cooperation customer before you can cooperate.

The current operating model of Micro Enterprise Chain is mainly to cooperate with Lianyi Fusion to issue ABS/ABN, and suppliers issue assets and apply for financing on the platform. This model greatly reduces the financing costs of the entire industry chain.

Product introduction:

Yunxin is the corporate credit circulated on the China Enterprise Cloud Chain platform. It is an innovative financial information service that is transformed by large enterprise groups through the China Enterprise Cloud Chain platform into high-quality corporate credit that can be transferred, financed, and flexibly configured.

Business process:

Risk control:

Product experience:

Please refer to the public account tweet "Cloud Chain Finance-User Operations" Manual》

The promotion of China Enterprise Cloud Chain mainly focuses on the carrier of Yunxin. Yunxin = cash (split at will) + commercial tickets (absolutely free) + banknotes (high reliability) + easy traceability The advantages of "Yunxin" as a new type of electronic settlement tool are well extracted. At the same time, the concept of blockchain is borrowed to prove the non-tamperability and traceability of data.

Judging from the dynamics of China Enterprise Cloud Chain’s WeChat public account, Yunxin is currently being promoted on a large scale across the country. According to Liu Jiang, chairman of China Enterprise Cloud Chain, there is currently a local promotion team of 200 people, and it will be deployed to 500 people next year. It is estimated that there are approximately 5,000 core enterprises in the country that are worthy of supply chain finance. If one person contacts ten enterprises and 500 people seize these 5,000 core enterprises, the entire supply chain finance in China can basically be covered. Details Click to view.

Product introduction:

After China Construction Group suppliers complete the bidding, signing, order and other procurement processes on the China Construction E-commerce "Yunzhu.com" platform, they can synchronize their supply and sales data Save the certificate to the collaboration platform.

When a supplier needs to finance accounts receivable, it submits a financing application to the bank on the collaboration platform, and the smart contract automatically links the certificate information to provide financing banks with complete and reliable loan review information. After the financing review is passed, the bank will reply to the supplier on the loan information chain. After the financing expires, the supplier passesThe collaborative platform completes the financing repayment process.

Business process:

Risk control:

Product experience:

Please refer to the article "Working together to "build" the blockchain architecture Industry New Model"

This product is different from the above-mentioned products. The core enterprises it cooperates with currently only target bureau companies and subsidiaries directly under China Construction Group, and its financing services only serve direct trade transactions with core enterprises. As a first-tier supplier, the business model uses on-chain data as evidence for financing materials. At the same time, the blockchain ensures that data is non-repudiable and difficult to tamper with, reducing financing risks.

Product introduction:

Apply blockchain technology to innovatively develop an accounts receivable chain platform to transform corporate accounts receivable into electronic payment settlement and financing tools.

Business process:

Risk control:

Product experience:

Zheshang Bank is based on Hyperchain, the underlying blockchain platform of Qulian Technology The developed “receivables chain platform” was launched. The platform is an innovative financial technology product that uses blockchain technology to convert corporate accounts receivable into online payment and financing tools to help companies deleverage and reduce costs. It is specially used to handle the issuance, acceptance, confirmation, payment, transfer, pledge and redemption of corporate accounts receivable.

Here, we use the business canvas to comprehensively analyze the commercialization model of competing products.

The business models and business processes of blockchain + supply chain finance products are actually very similar and easy to imitate.

In addition to the ones mentioned in this article, there are also Bubi Blockchain, Qulian Businessman/Ximei Chain, etc., but to become bigger and stronger, you need to fight for resources. This business model is destined to be led by the core enterprise with the highest bargaining power. So how many core enterprise resources you can introduce and whether the core enterprise is large enough depends on the business capabilities of your platform.

The main purpose of doing this competitive product analysis is to study the business model and commercial operations. In fact, the water is still very deep. It is not just a flow chart + capital flow or something to copy others. business model.

Ⅲ Let’s see how the world’s top ten stock exchanges play with blockchain

Institutions have begun to experiment with this new technology.
DTCC is a U.S. clearinghouse that processes quadrillions of dollars in transactions each year, and Visa, the global credit card processing network, is just some of the best-known non-bank pilot projects. That said, some financial sectors are certainly more active than others.
Major stock and commodity exchanges are arguably the most active institutions involved in blockchain experiments. For example, Nasdaq, a major U.S. stock exchange provider, even released its own blockchain trading model last fall. The program, called Linq, can trade and track private company stocks. Nasdaq is positioning it as an early experiment in blockchain technology to expand the scope of major stock trading and even new asset classes.
Blockchain_stock exchanges
Although there are more differences in subtle areas, the world's 10 major stock and commodity exchanges have currently expressed interest in blockchain technology. In this article, we will give you a detailed introduction:
1. Australian Securities Exchange (ASX)
When it comes to the application of blockchain technology, the ASX is definitely one of them One of the most ambitious companies, it invested more than $10 million in startup Digital Asset Holdings in the industry in January as part of its research and development drive.
At the same time as the investment, the ASX also revealed that it will not only conduct technology trials, but also establish a new post-trade settlement system, which will be developed by Digital Asset through the use of a distributed ledger structure.
However, since January this year, updates on the project’s progress on the ASX may have been overshadowed by controversy. In March, Australian news media began speculating that, although the ASX had reaffirmed its support for the trial, the blockchain project might also be thrown into doubt following the premature resignation of the agency’s chief executive, Elmer Funke Kupper. Voice,.
2. Chicago Mercantile Exchange Group
CME Group is one of the founders of the "Post-Trade Distributed Ledger Working Group" and has currently carried out very active actions in the industry through its investment arm CME Ventures .
CME Group is unique among its peers. It has always pursued a diversified investment strategy across industries and has successively invested in distributed accounting startup Ripple, blockchain investment group Digital Currency Group and Digital Asset Holdings. Beyond that, however, CME Group has yet to speak publicly about its conduct in technology and the larger industry.
3.Deutsche B�0�2rse
Deutsche B�0�2rse, the operator of Germany's Frankfurt stock exchange, is another player on this list, and it also participated in Digit in January this year.al Asset Holdings’ $60 million financing.
However, unlike its co-investor ASX, Deutsche Börse has been less vocal about its support for the technology.
In an interview in February, Deutsche Börse said it was working on a proof-of-concept for the technology, although it has yet to release any findings or test results.
4. Dubai Multi Commodity Trading Center
In the Middle East, blockchain-related activities are relatively scarce, and this situation continued until the recent opening of the Global Blockchain Council. The 32-member Global Blockchain Council is a group of startups, financial firms and tech giants that oversees technology applications and their impact.
Built on the basis of these members, Du Multi Commodities Center is a special economic zone and commodity circulation center responsible for overseeing the trading of precious metals and other tangible commodities.
DMCC announced in February that it was engaging in a technology trial with Bitcoin startup BitOasis to explore how blockchain technology could improve its personnel onboarding process.
5. Japan Exchange Group (JPX)
Japan Exchange Group is a relatively active stock market operator in Asia. It announced its interest in the industry in February and has officially formed an alliance with IBM. Become a user of Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS).
At the time, reports stated that Japan Exchange Group was embarking on a proof of concept to study the role of blockchain technology in creating a new trading system for low-liquid assets, with the final results to be released through a report later this year announced.
Earlier this month, Japan Exchange Group also announced that it is working with the Nomura Research Institute (NRI) to conduct trials to study how the technology can be applied to the securities market.
6. Korea Exchange
Korea Exchange, South Korea’s only stock exchange and one of the new entrants to this list, announced in February that it would seek to launch a counter via blockchain technology trading platform.
In statements to local news outlets, Korea Exchange said it hopes the technology will help reduce costs. Details about the trial and the company's involvement in the group were not released.
7. London Stock Exchange (LSE)
The London Stock Exchange is the “Post-Trade Distributed Ledger Working GrOne of the founding institutions of the London Stock Exchange, the LSE is one of the most dynamic yet low-key institutions when it comes to experimenting with blockchain technology.
The London Stock Exchange is following in the footsteps of startup R3 was one of the first groups, and it was the first to say that large financial companies would seek to leverage collaborative models for blockchain testing beyond R3’s framework.
It was also since then that some Large financial companies are beginning to participate in private proof-of-concepts and operations in certain areas of the capital markets involving various parties.
In addition, like Kouvola Innovation and Japan Exchange Group, the London Stock Exchange is IBM’s Blockchain-as-a- One of the original customers of Service (BaaS).
8. Nasdaq
When it comes to testing blockchain technology, Nasdaq is probably the most active institution. U.S. stock market Operator Nasdaq first launched Linq, a private equity trading platform, in 2015, thus becoming the first financial institution to conduct a blockchain proof-of-concept. The platform is currently still in the testing phase.
In addition, Nasdaq Gram has also reached a cooperation with blockchain solution provider Chain and allows its internal experts to speak openly about blockchain technology.
In 2016, Nasdaq continued this momentum. For example, it previously Revealed that it is working with Estonia’s Nasdaq OMX Tallinn Stock Exchange on a trial to use blockchain technology to reduce various obstacles to shareholder voting.
9. New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
New York Securities The exchange was one of the first companies to take an interest in the industry, with the NYSE making two important announcements in 2015, both related to Bitcoin.
In January 2015, NYSE Investment Coinbase, a Bitcoin service company, became part of its Series C financing. At the time, NYSE Chairman Jeffrey Sprecher said that the investment showed confidence in the current situation that digital currencies will be widely used by Millennials, whom he described as Has a more progressive view of value exchange.
The NYSE will continue to launch a Bitcoin price index in May, which will also become a competitor to CoinDesk’s Bitcoin Price Index (BPI), which trades as Coinbase trading platform The data is plotted.
10. TMX Group
TMX Group, the operator of the Toronto Stock Exchange, has not expressed a clear opinion on blockchain technology.
However, with the emergence of Anthony Di Iorio (Ethereum) (one of the co-founders of TMX) was hired as the agency’s first chief digital technology officer. TMX also publicly expressed its interest in the district for the first time in March this year.Interest in blockchain technology. The next-generation network has become one of the most important blockchain applications in the public eye following its product launch in March.
Nevertheless, TMX Group has stated that it is in the early stages of developing a blockchain strategy and that it may soon conduct technical tests

IV Common underwriting methods for blockchain bonds are

The common underwriting methods of blockchain bonds are as follows:
1. Nuomengqiao securities agency sales: The so-called securities agency sales means that the underwriter sells securities on behalf of the underwriter, and after the sale period ends, any unsold securities will be sold on a securities agency basis. An underwriting method in which all securities are returned to the issuer.
2. Securities sales assistance: The so-called securities sales assistance means that the underwriter, in accordance with the provisions of the underwriting contract, invests in the purchase of the remaining securities after the expiration of the agreed underwriting period (balance underwriting), or contributes to the issuance of funds based on the remaining amount. personal loans to ensure the smooth realization of the issuer’s financing and capital use plans. my country's securities law classifies balance underwriting as an underwriting method. Slow key
3. Securities underwriting: The so-called securities underwriting means that when securities are issued, the underwriter uses its own funds to purchase all or part of the securities planned to be issued, and then sells them to the public. When the underwriting period expires, the unsold portion remains. An underwriting method held by the underwriter himself.
4. Underwriting syndicate: also known as "joint underwriting", refers to the underwriting method in which two or more securities underwriters jointly accept the entrustment of the issuer to sell a certain security to the public. An underwriting organization temporarily formed by more than two underwriters is called an underwriting syndicate.

IV How to use blockchain in supply chain finance

In traditional supply chain finance, difficult financing, high financing costs, and cumbersome financing processes have always restricted small, medium and micro enterprises from growing bigger. One of the bottlenecks to becoming stronger. The bank relies on the core enterprise's ability to control goods and regulate sales. For risk control reasons, the bank is only willing to provide factoring business to upstream suppliers (limited to first-tier suppliers) that have direct accounts payable obligations of the core enterprise, or Provide advance payment or inventory financing to its downstream dealers (first-tier suppliers). This has resulted in the needs of second- and third-tier suppliers/dealers with huge financing needs not being met, and the business volume of supply chain finance being restricted. The lack of timely financing for small and medium-sized enterprises can easily lead to product quality problems. , will harm the entire supply chain system.

To solve these problems, the decentralized, non-tamperable, and distributed ledger characteristics of blockchain technology can be used to create a blockchain supply chain financial platform.

1. The core enterprise issues a receivable voucher to the distributor. After the distributor signs the receipt, it indicates that a purchase and sales contract has been signed, and the core enterprise delivers the goods.

2. Distributors need financial loans due to financial constraints.

3. The financial institution will transfer the loan amount to the core enterprise after review and approval.

4. The distributor returns the loan and interest after selling the goods

VI How can blockchain be used in the investment and financing industry

Data on the blockchain They are all open and transparent, and investors can clearly see where their funds are going.And operations such as placing orders and canceling orders are avoided, thereby improving transaction efficiency and user experience. Hunan Souyun Technology has joined forces with Hengdian, Jiangsu and other major cultural exchanges to launch a public service platform for film and television blockchains. Blockchain has brought new solutions to film and television crowdfunding, using film and television industry blockchain technology for decentralized release. The information and reservation process opens up investment for participants while ensuring IP data flow, forming a healthy cycle of systems that protect creation, copyright and investment ecology.

Ⅶ What information and processes are required for exchanges on the ICO blockchain

ICO transactions are roughly divided into two parts, one is over-the-counter transactions and the other is exchange transactions

There are three ways to list on the exchange. The first is to vote for listing, the second is to invest in listing, and the third is to cooperate with project parties.

For exchanges, the more platform coins consumed by voting, the better; for project parties, it must be lower costs and greater user influence, the better; but for ordinary communities For users, the easier it is, the better.

What do project parties need?

The cost of project docking exchange:

The current popular Matcha exchange is generally 12-15 BTC,

Biki It is about 10 BTC with Gate exchange,

ZG exchange is 6-8 BTC,

2-5 BTC, there are many options to choose from, Leidun, ZBG , Fcoin, WBF and some other exchanges.

Fcoin, which is relatively cost-effective, is also a good choice. In the later stage, project parties can join forces with the platform to do activities, whether it is airdrops, IEO or anything else, they can be discussed.

ⅧHow to implement the blockchain Sto token issuance

Those who are paying attention to the blockchain recently should know that there is news about sto everywhere. What is sto?
Sto is a security token. How did it appear out of thin air? Looking at the ICO situation this year, the emergence of STO is no accident. Compared with ICO, which is decentralized and only requires virtual currency financing, the threshold is low and the risk is high. STO is under legal and compliance supervision and is mortgaged with offline tangible assets. The issuance of Token securities has increased the investment threshold and greatly reduced risks, so the issuance of STO securities tokens has become a popular target. How to expand the sto project?
1. First, prepare a complete set of project issuance plans, including white paper modification, project sorting, and plan design. These are equivalent to the early preparations for the project.
2. The second step is to build the structure. What does this mean? Like the previous ICO, sto currency issuance also requires the registration of overseas main companies. Currently, we know that sto is mainly distributed in the United States, Singapore and European countries.
3. After the main company is registered, legal compliance needs to be done. For example, if you register the main company in the United States or Singapore, you must find the corresponding law firm.Relevant legal compliance issued.
4. After everything is ready, the Token can be issued.

Ⅸ How to use blockchain to register overseas companies to invest in securities certificates and discover sto

The use of blockchain is an important step in realizing the digitization of trade. The overall efficiencies it brings to trade finance ensure cost-effectiveness, faster turnaround times and the potential for liquidity for businesses.

As early as August this year, there were a lot of discussions about the STO model at home and abroad. On September 11 this year, developer Stephane Gosselin submitted a new Ethereum proposal on GitHub - suitable for STO "ERC1400" standard, in October this year, it was revealed that Nasdaq intends to launch an STO exchange. Therefore, some people believe that STO is likely to be the next big thing and a turning point for the bear market to turn against the wind.

Usually, STOs issued overseas are exempt from the SEC. There are four criteria for identifying tokens as securities: 1. Whether there is capital investment; 2. Whether it is invested in a common enterprise; 3. Whether you expect to make profits; 4. Whether the profit depends on the efforts of others.

In fact, both the previous ICO and the current STO need to register a main company overseas, and the issuance of STO is also subject to the securities law, and the process only needs to follow the process of securities issuance.

X Blockchain, how to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises

In recent years, companies’ wage arrears and bosses running away have become everyone’s news It is commonplace on the Internet, and jokes about "Jiangnan Leather Factory" appear on social media from time to time. These "news" that are no longer new remind everyone repeatedly that the old problems of corporate financing for many years have become "new" dilemmas that have been unresolved for a long time. , everyone is wondering if there is any way to solve the problem. With the development of financial technology, maybe blockchain is bringing new ideas to this old problem?

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