国内的区块链应用案例,区块链 应用 案例
近年来，区块链技术的发展迅速，在国内也有越来越多的应用案例。今天，我们就来聊聊国内区块链应用案例，以及它们的拓展，包括：政府应用、跨境支付和数字资产交易。
1. 政府应用：政府应用是区块链技术最常见的应用场景之一。区块链可以帮助政府实现数据共享、智能合约和智能合同，从而实现更高效、更安全的政务管理。在国内，由中国科学院软件研究所研发的“国家资产云”，就是一个典型的政府应用案例，它利用区块链技术，为政府部门提供了一个安全、高效的数据共享平台，助力政府改革和发展。
2. 跨境支付：跨境支付是区块链技术另一个重要的应用场景。相比传统的跨境支付方式，区块链技术可以实现跨境支付的安全性、便捷性和效率性。在国内，科大讯飞推出的“讯飞支付”，就是一个典型的跨境支付应用案例。它利用区块链技术，解决了跨境支付的安全性、便捷性和效率性等问题，使跨境支付更加安全、便捷、高效。
3. 数字资产交易：数字资产交易是区块链技术最为广泛的应用场景之一。区块链可以帮助数字资产交易实现去中心化、安全性和透明性。在国内，由中国科学院软件研究所研发的“中国交易所”，就是一个典型的数字资产交易应用案例。它利用区块链技术，实现了数字资产交易的去中心化、安全性和透明性，为数字资产交易提供了一个安全、高效的交易平台。
国内的区块链应用案例不断拓展，政府应用、跨境支付和数字资产交易等都是其中的典型案例。以上就是小编今天为大家分享的国内区块链应用案例及其拓展，希望能够给大家带来一些启发。
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① Everyone is talking about blockchain 3.0. What are the classifications and applications of blockchain projects?
Newton blockchain and Newton-based e-commerce< br />Newton is a community economic infrastructure that provides governance, collaboration, and incentives. Newton uses basic technology, protocol layer and application layer blockchain technology architecture to create a community economy managed by non-profit foundations, replacing the traditional economy managed by closed for-profit companies, and practicing "Everyone should start from economy" vision. Compared with traditional commerce, the community economy has greatly reduced transaction costs because there are no commercial intermediaries.
Newton’s first human-machine community composed of human and machine nodes can be calculated as NewForce according to the degree of contribution to the ecology, thereby obtaining corresponding NEW incentives based on the NewForce value, ensuring that economic beneficiaries cover service providers, consumers and other ecological participants. Newton has planned application scenarios such as chain merchant retail, supply chain, agriculture, public welfare, games, and self-financing to serve the real economy.
NewMall, the chain merchant retail platform that will be launched in 2019, is Newton’s first commercial application scenario. Compared with traditional e-commerce, on the chain merchant retail platform, participants including but not limited to shopping, browsing ads, promotions and other behaviors can receive NEW incentives. Participants own their own data to prevent the leakage of consumer information. For merchants, platform fees will be greatly reduced. Moreover, Newton is initiated by a non-profit organization. NewMall will not retain any platform fees as profits, and will incentivize participants in the form of NEW through various methods.
② What are the cases where blockchain has been applied to the industry
1. WeBank uses blockchain technology for loan settlement
In September 2016, WeBank In conjunction with Shanghai Huarui Bank, the inter-bank joint loan clearing platform based on alliance blockchain technology was put into trial operation to optimize the settlement and clearing of the "Weilidai" joint loans of the two banks. With the introduction of this blockchain system, all information is recorded on the blockchain network and cannot be tampered with. It is cleared simultaneously during the transaction process, achieving real-time clearing and saving a lot of manpower and material resources.
2. China UnionPay uses blockchain technology to realize cross-bank point redemption
In September 2016, China UnionPay and IBM piloted a shared points system using blockchain technology. The use of this blockchain system allows users to redeem reward points across banks and platforms. That is to say, the user's points in one bank can be exchanged for points and rewards from other banks, or even multiple airline miles and supermarket rewards. The efficiency of using bank points has been greatly improved.
3. Toyota Motor uses blockchain technology to track auto parts
In October 2016, Toyota Motor joined the R3 Alliance and uses blockchain technology to store the production, processing and usage of each part in In the blockchain, in this way, if there is a problem with a car part, the source of the part can be easily and quickly queried.
4. CentralBlockchain digital bill trading platform
In January 2017, the blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the central bank was successfully tested. The introduction of digital currency for settlement can realize the simultaneous transfer of capital flow and information flow in digital bill transactions, thereby realizing DVP pay-versus-payment settlement. At the same time, the blockchain digital identity solution solves the problem of repeated KYC authentication for users between different financial institutions. It not only solves the problem of keeping the information of parties unrelated to the transaction confidential in the amount of digital bill transactions, but also ensures that regulatory parties such as the securities exchange have a see-through mechanism when necessary.
5. Ant Financial Blockchain Application
In August 2017, Ant Financial’s blockchain technology tested the waters of insurance and helped Xinmei Life Insurance Co., Ltd. launch the first charity rescue account in the domestic insurance industry. Blockchain technology makes every fund flow open and transparent, every fund flow data cannot be tampered with, and the whereabouts and use of every fund can be traced. In November of the same year, Ant Blockchain was used for food safety traceability and product authenticity traceability. Currently, users only need to scan the milk powder produced in Australia and New Zealand and China's Moutai to know whether it is genuine.
There are many other domestic and foreign cases. These successful cases all indicate that the application of blockchain technology is gradually being implemented and promoted, and is favored by various industries. Along with this, many blockchain technology companies have sprung up, all wanting to get a share of this field. However, after the People's Bank of China and other seven ministries and commissions issued the "Announcement on Preventing Financing Risks of Token Issuance"), as the difficulty of registration increased, more and more intermediary industry chain-type shell companies have practical applications. Companies are few and far between.
In addition, the security technical issues of blockchain have always attracted much attention and controversy. Blockchain currently faces five major security issues: the security of the underlying code, the security of the cryptographic algorithm, the security of the consensus mechanism, the security of smart contracts and the security of digital wallets.
③ Zhongdu Logistics: Allianceization is the best way to promote the release of value in the blockchain industry
On August 28, the 3rd China Industrial Blockchain Summit was successfully concluded in Changsha Come to an end, this event was hosted by the Blockchain Application Branch of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing. Zhongdu Logistics Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Zhongdu Logistics), as the vice-president unit of the Blockchain Application Branch of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, hosted the summit. It consists of the "2020 National Logistics and Supply Chain Blockchain Summit Forum" and the "Automotive Industry Blockchain Application Seminar". Zhou Zishan, deputy general manager of Zhongdu Logistics, was invited to attend this event. Wang Xingmin, director of Zhongdu Logistics Information Management Center, delivered a keynote speech titled "Logistics Alliance Practice Based on Blockchain Technology", based on the automotive supply chain, and from the blockchain Experts from the chain, logistics, supply chain, manufacturing, finance and other industries jointly discussed effective paths for the integrated development of blockchain technology and the automotive industry and the release of value.
Zhongdu Logistics has inherent advantages in exploring the combination of blockchain and automotive industry chain. The company was establishedIn 2012, relying on the industrial resources of BAIC Group, the service customer base covers the upstream and downstream of the automobile industry. Through the business network of Zhongdu Logistics, blockchain technology can penetrate into all aspects of the industrial chain and make corresponding improvements.
As a logistics company that runs through the automotive industry supply chain, Zhongdu Logistics has a deep understanding of the problems existing in the automotive industry supply chain. Wang Xingmin, director of Zhongdu Logistics Information Management Center, proposed in his speech that with the help of blockchain Chain technology and the establishment of a supply chain shared service platform that is compatible with the development of the automobile industry will help to open up procurement, production, logistics, sales, and supervision links and achieve efficient collaboration throughout the supply chain. However, from the perspective of promoting the development of the entire automobile industry Starting from the beginning, to build an industrial chain relationship based on blockchain, it requires the participation and collaborative construction of multiple parties in the industrial chain, and develops in the direction of alliance. With the gradual rise of the industrial Internet and the expansion of digital transformation into the industrial economy, alliances will maximize the collaboration and integration of industrial resources and the integration of the value chain.
Wang Xingmin mentioned in his speech that building alliances based on blockchain is to build a distributed digital ecosystem and achieve win-win results for all participants. Blockchain technology builds decentralized and trustworthy The alliance model has outstanding advantages: in terms of data governance and sharing, it can not only achieve data privacy protection, but also ensure that data is not monopolized; in terms of alliance ecological governance and incentives, alliance is an open trust, based on contribution Obtain a new model of joint construction and win-win results; in terms of promoting the efficient transfer of value, alliances can effectively address the characteristics of the automobile industry chain, long cycle, and numerous participants, and solve the bottlenecks of information flow, capital flow, and logistics. Achieve efficient transfer of value in the industrial chain and marginal benefits of the overall industrial chain; in terms of building diversified business applications, it can bring new opportunities for business innovation, model innovation and value creation.
At the end of 2018, Zhongdu Logistics joined forces with Shanghai Wanxiang Blockchain Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Wanxiang Blockchain") and DBS Bank (China) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "DBS Bank" ") released the "Yunlianmeng-Automotive Supply Chain Logistics Service Platform" based on blockchain technology. This platform is the first case in China where blockchain technology has been implemented in the automobile logistics industry. Application of blockchain technology in the logistics field The scenarios are mainly in four aspects: process optimization, logistics finance, logistics credit investigation, and logistics tracking. The Yulianmeng platform conducts scenario mining from the entire automotive supply chain process and has formed services including electronic waybills, electronic cargo label tracking, supply chain financing services, Scenario applications such as quality loss certificates link industry resources by solving industry pain points, and optimize supply chain costs and efficiency through resource integration. Under the guidance of alliance ideas, Zhongdu Logistics currently cooperates with Wanxiang Blockchain, Changan Minsheng Logistics, and Great Wall Ant Logistics and other leading companies in the automotive logistics industry have joined hands to promote the "Yun Chain Alliance" industry cooperation. This is also the first attempt at the development of blockchain alliances in the automotive industry.
BlockChain technology has moved from a hot word in the industry to practical applications. Zhou Zishan, deputy general manager of Zhongdu Logistics, pointed out that in the process of exploring the value empowerment of blockchain by blockchain, it is necessary to closely integrate blockchain technology with industrial development and various nodes of the industry. combine. The automobile industry has the characteristics of being multifaceted, with long chains and many entities. To promote the application of blockchain in the automobile industry chain, two problems need to be solved: first, to open up the information barriers between the various entities in the chain. In the long run, to open up the Barriers between entities in the chain have a positive role in promoting the upgrading of collaboration efficiency within the automotive industry chain and the introduction of external financial and technical resources. Therefore, it is also necessary for the main enterprises in the automotive supply chain to actively participate and jointly promote ; Secondly, there is a lack of a unified industry standard in promoting the implementation of blockchain in the automotive industry. Without standard guidance, it is difficult to reach a consensus within the industry chain, which is detrimental to promoting the practical application of blockchain technology, so it requires the participation of multiple parties. Based on the characteristics of the automotive industry chain, a blockchain application standard that is unanimously recognized within the automotive industry has been developed.
Zhou Zishan said in his speech that reducing costs and increasing efficiency is an eternal issue in automobile supply chain optimization, and alliance development is a trend. The growth of the "Transportation Chain Alliance" led by Zhongdu Logistics cannot be achieved overnight. , it also requires the support and collaboration of multiple parties from academia and industry to make it more in line with the development needs of the automotive industry through continuous iterations, and to release greater value in the development process of the automotive industry.
④ What are the practical application cases of blockchain in China
The most widely used application of blockchain is still in the field of financial technology, such as digital asset transactions. As an underlying technology, blockchain is the technical implementation method of Bitcoin. The rapid application of blockchain technology also requires virtual currency. In the past, a large-scale economic scenario that required mutual trust and extensive collaboration among many people could only be solved through a centralized approach, which was very inefficient. The emergence of blockchain technology solved this problem and eliminated this center. An important reason why this center can be removed is that virtual currency provides an endogenous economic incentive mechanism for the blockchain, giving people the motivation to join the economic activities transformed by the blockchain. Of course, blockchain will have more extensive and mature applications in more fields in the future. For example, in November last year, the State Grid submitted a patent application titled "About blockchain power transaction control methods and devices." This year, Xi'an The City Wall International Marathon is also the first in the world to use blockchain technology to register athletes’ race data, winning links and other information on the blockchain, using its traceable and non-tamperable technical features to open up information channels between events and effectively Guaranteed the reliability of competition results.
⑤ What are the applications and successful examples of blockchain?
Blockchain can be applied to all walks of life. Taking e-commerce as an example, in order to solve the problem of counterfeit goods, Regarding pain points in logistics, integrity, supervision, etc., major companies and platforms are also showing off their skills and tricks. Blockchain does itAs one of the more feasible methods is used, how does it solve these problems?
First, supervise the production process of goods. When visiting online stores, the biggest worry is buying fake products, especially overseas products. In addition, there is also the price problem caused by fake products. How to buy products at reasonable prices while ensuring the authenticity is really a headache. The transparency and irreversibility of blockchain technology allow consumers to check the production place, manufacturer, raw materials, etc. of goods at any time.
Second, trace and track the transportation of goods. A series of operational activities such as supply chain, inventory, and logistics involved in e-commerce will involve multiple intermediaries. The decentralized, non-tamperable, and traceable characteristics of blockchain make the entire process transparent, and any partner can You can check the inventory and payment status, which can effectively solve the "bullwhip effect" problem in the supply chain. (Bullwhip effect: refers to a phenomenon of demand variation amplification in the supply chain. The fundamental reason for its occurrence is the lack of communication and trust mechanisms between upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain. Demand information is transmitted upwards along the supply chain. Keep misinterpreting.) At the same time, blockchain’s smart contracts can be used to regulate intermediaries, such as logistics and payment management partners. Simplify the huge management system to improve efficiency.
Third, guarantee product sales and after-sales service. At present, three-quarters of the transactions in China's e-commerce market are completed on the mobile terminal. Payment trust is a major problem that the platform needs to solve, and blockchain is known as a "trust machine." To give you an example, many websites Stores will fake orders or falsify data in order to get good reviews. Once the purchase information is uploaded to the chain, it cannot be tampered with to ensure authenticity. You can check the merchant's real transaction records to ensure whether the merchant is trustworthy.
Fourth, protect user privacy. The private key, public key, and encryption algorithm of the blockchain can solve this problem. Each user has his own independent address, and due to the anonymity of the blockchain, companies cannot publish or store user information and are protected from hackers. s attack.
For specific implementation, we take the two domestic e-commerce giants as examples. Alibaba has begun to introduce blockchain since 2016. First, Ant Financial launched blockchain technology to pay for charity donations, which was the first test of blockchain technology; in 2017, Ant Financial’s technology experiment The Office announced the opening of blockchain technology to support imported food safety and product authenticity traceability; in 2018, Cainiao and Tmall International announced the use of blockchain technology to track and verify the full logistics information of cross-border imported goods. These data include goods The country of origin, country of shipment, loading port, mode of transportation, import port, bonded warehouse inspection and quarantine order number, customs declaration number, etc.
Logistics and product traceability are indeed a good way for blockchain to enter the e-commerce field.As an entry point, JD.com, one of the domestic e-commerce giants, is certainly not to be outdone. In 2017, JD.com announced the establishment of the "JD.com Quality Traceability Anti-Counterfeiting Alliance", uniting government departments at all levels to build JD.com blockchain anti-counterfeiting through the alliance chain. Traceability platform; in December of the same year, together with Walmart, IBM, and the National Engineering Laboratory of E-commerce Transaction Technology of Tsinghua University, we announced the establishment of China’s first safe food blockchain traceability alliance.
⑥ [One of the top ten blockchain government cases] Ant Blockchain-Hangzhou Internet Court Judicial Chain Case
According to Hangzhou Daily, September 18, 2018, Hangzhou The Internet Court announced that the judicial blockchain was officially launched online, becoming the first court in the country to apply blockchain technology to resolve disputes. The judicial blockchain makes the entire process of electronic data generation, storage, dissemination, and use trustworthy.
Plaintiffs can submit electronic evidence such as contracts, rights protection processes, and service process details online through the online complaint portal, which will be submitted by notary offices, judicial appraisal centers, CA/RA institutions, courts, Ant Financial and other on-chain nodes. Joint witness and joint endorsement provide one-stop service for the prosecutor. The judicial chain has greatly reduced the cost of offline evidence storage and collection, and improved the efficiency of the judgment process, thus enabling many cases that were previously unworthy of prosecution due to the high cost of rights protection to be able to achieve better rights protection through the blockchain; Judicial The chain solves the problem of low judicial service efficiency, realizes the integration and sharing of judicial data, and breaks down data silos; the judicial chain promotes the construction of a social credit system, reduces judicial costs, uses technology as an engine, promotes innovative development, and leads the transformation, upgrading and reduction of judicial services.
Citing the analysis of the "Blockchain Judicial Evidence Application White Paper" from the Trusted Blockchain Promotion Plan, with the rapid advancement of informatization, a large amount of evidence in litigation is presented in the form of electronic data. The specific manifestations of electronic evidence in judicial practice are becoming increasingly diverse, and the frequency of use and data volume of electronic data storage have increased significantly. Different types of electronic evidence are formed in different ways, but they generally have the characteristics of being easy to perish, easily tampered with, and highly dependent on technology. Compared with traditional physical evidence, it is more difficult to determine the authenticity, legality, and relevance of electronic evidence in judicial review. .
In judicial practice, parties generally lack the ability to produce evidence, and the electronic evidence provided to the court is of poor quality. There are a large number of problems such as improper evidence collection procedures, incomplete evidence, and poor pointing to the facts of the case, which directly affects the electronic evidence. The proportion of evidence admitted in litigation.
The traditional storage method of electronic evidence is essentially a centralized storage method, which may easily cause the storage data to be lost or be compromised. .
At the same time, electronic data relies on electronic media for storage. For storage security, multiple backups and other methods are often needed. In addition, electronic media have a service life, which makes storagehigher cost.
(2) Problems in evidence collection
Currently, when some locally generated electronic data is collected for evidence, the originals are intelligently retained in the device that generated the electronic data, and the original evidence and Devices are indivisible. Once the original evidence leaves the device, it becomes a copy and cannot become the basis for a final verdict. This results in many limitations in litigation cases.
In addition, the Internet software service provider cannot give a definite answer as to whether the so-called original is the true, original and complete data at the time when the time occurred. It is also doubtful whether the evidence obtained is the original.
(3) Problems in demonstration
Electronic data display and fixation are important aspects of data use. Since electronic data exists in the form of electronic information stored in electronic hardware, To obtain its content, you need to use responsive software to read and display it, which makes it difficult to demonstrate. It may also increase the burden of proof on the parties due to the need for notarization, and waste social judicial resources.
(4) Issues in Evidence
In litigation, both parties will submit their own electronic data as evidence. When the parties individually control their own data, it is easy for the evidence submitted by both parties to be inconsistent or even contradictory. In the absence of other supporting evidence, it is very difficult to determine the authenticity of the evidence, and the electronic data submitted by both parties cannot be used as the basis for deciding the case. In this situation where the facts of the case cannot be determined, the judge is likely to have to rely on assigning the burden of proof to decide the case. The general principle of allocating the burden of proof is that whoever makes the claim must provide evidence. If he cannot provide evidence, he will bear the consequences of losing the case. In this case, a party that actively tamperes with its own data can benefit from this burden of proof arrangement.
(5) Problems in evidence identification
All evidence "must be verified to be true before it can be used as the basis for finalizing a case", which is the most important and universal evidence in the world. One of the principles of justice. The identification of evidence is usually a process of identifying the "three properties" of evidence, namely the authenticity, legality and relevance of the evidence. Electronic data used as evidence also needs to pass the "three characteristics" judgment. Due to the large amount of data, strong real-time nature of electronic data, high storage costs, and difficulty in identifying the originals, it is still difficult to identify the "three properties" of evidence. Electronic data often cannot support the case because it is difficult to identify, which is detrimental to the case. Both the judge and the parties caused greater pressure.
Quoting from the sharing by Li Zhiguo, head of Ant Financial’s judicial evidence deposit products, titled “Ant Blockchain’s Exploration in the Field of Judicial Evidence”, he believes that in the past 20 years, the Internet industry has The key word is connection. In the PC Internet era, terminals were connected through PC interconnection. At that time, companies that discovered this trend seized huge business opportunities such as portals and search engines. In 2013, we entered the era of mobile Internet. In this era, through mobile InternetThe Internet connects many smart terminals and personal devices together, and the number of terminal devices and online time have been greatly improved. Those who seized the opportunity at this stage created super applications such as Weibo, WeChat, and Alipay. A very important change that we are currently paying attention to is that as the changes in connections continue to expand, the quality of connections has also changed greatly. This is called the second curve. The original object of connection was information, but now it is likely to become assets.
So what is the difference between assets and information? There are three main differences.
First, assets are unique, while information can be copied infinitely. In the Internet era, the cost of information transmission can be minimized through copying. However, when the connected object is an asset, a fatal flaw arises, that is, it cannot be transmitted through copying. After the asset is given to a person, It cannot be given to anyone else.
The second point is that assets are more fragile and precious than information. Assets are money. In the process of information digitization, it is easy to put information on the Internet, but for assets, this does not work, because behind the assets are real interests.
The third point: Compared with assets and information, assets have very high security requirements, and many problems must be faced, including attacks by hackers, competitors, fraud, etc. These are all linked assets. issues that need resolving. This is the third difference between assets and information. If there is a dispute over assets, they need to be resolved. In reality, it can be resolved by the court, but if it is on the Internet, it is difficult to deal with it.
The three characteristics of assets mentioned above are difficult to solve through traditional Internet methods. At the same time, the development of the Internet has made people lazier and lazier. If 10 years ago, many people could accept that asset connection would take a long time, but now it is difficult for people to accept it. For example, in order to sign a contract, it takes two to three days. It takes weeks to mail, and it costs a lot to go in and out of many traditional institutions frequently in order to make a cross-border payment. And compared with the connection method 20 years ago, the current Internet connection has become much more difficult, because many people find that after information is connected, the data becomes very valuable. What to do if it is valuable? The only way is to sink the value. When it sinks, it becomes a deep well of value. The larger the scale, the deeper the value. At the same time, another problem will be formed called data island. These issues need to be considered and resolved by the judicial chain.
Now, the court is standing at a historical opportunity node and has the opportunity to become a basic component of data generation and completion of connections. Disputes will inevitably occur over assets, and after a dispute occurs, the court will conduct a full-link review. This is a unique value. It is the value of the last mile of the Internet. Through connection, assets are connected and data silos are broken.Island, deep well of value, this is the real realization of value. This model actually belongs to small and medium-sized enterprises, including individual users. The above is the value basis of the judicial chain.
If there is an island of value and it needs to be connected, there must be various connection methods. There are four main ways to connect.
The first is not to connect. , put it in a bank safe;
The second way is a bad connection, that is, through technological leadership and inequality, depriving the ownership of data assets through hacking technology, when there is no legal When connecting, bad connections must exist;
The third type is a connection that seems to be a good connection, but is actually a fragile connection. Nowadays, there are many ways to connect. When the market situation is relatively good, it is a bubble. It has a certain market when it is relatively large, but once it encounters real value, it breaks down;
The fourth type is the judicial chain, which can be summarized in 15 words, that is, the whole process record, the whole chain The road is trustworthy and witnessed by all nodes.
How can the judicial chain be technically credible and institutionally credible at a low cost?
First of all, the first problem is that assets are fragile, so when connecting assets, they must have the basic characteristics of real security. Security includes privacy protection, which is not a simple matter. The first day Alipay was born started with secured transactions, solving the problem of the authenticity of previous transactions between buyers and sellers. Later, based on Alipay, Sesame Credit was proposed, and many Everyone has Zhima Credit points, and through past credit records, big data and artificial intelligence are provided as a reference for whether the user can fulfill the contract, making real security a step further. Next comes the blockchain. The blockchain provides a very important capability, that is, the truth cannot be tampered with, which makes trust a big step forward in the level of real security. Therefore, the first problem solved by the judicial chain is to ensure that the bottom connector is real and safe when connecting assets. This real safety is not something you talk about in words, nor is it a technology in a laboratory, but a technology in a laboratory. It has been recognized by users, tested by the market and tested by large-scale business volume.
The second question is very critical. When everyone is connected through a real and secure connector, once the data assets are compromised, how to deal with disputes? The judicial blockchain has been moving in this direction in the past two years. By bringing notary offices, judicial appraisal centers, and courts to the bottom of the judicial chain, the data is authenticated accordingly, ensuring that once a dispute arises about data assets, it can be dealt with fairly and effectively. This is a very powerful system, which is the fundamental reason why the judicial chain is the real solution to the problem of the last mile of the Internet. So far, the judicial chain has ensured technical credibility and institutional credibility.
The third issue is the capitalIn the modern Internet, the cost of connection cannot be too high. Users have developed the habit of obtaining countless information with just a click of the mouse and a search button. Blockchain has been popular for many years, but so far there are less than 20 million real users, and the daily activity is very low. The first reason is that it is too difficult to use, and the second reason is that the cost of use is too high. Therefore, when connecting assets, it must be very simple, very easy to use, and low cost. Just like when Alipay first implemented real-name authentication, it could quickly complete user payments through face scanning, and at the same time, the security level was very high. Therefore, real connectors must have the characteristics of low cost and high applicability.
The judicial chain has achieved technical credibility and institutional credibility, and the cost of connection is not high, opening a new era of blockchain for asset connection.
The Hangzhou Internet Court’s judicial blockchain makes the entire process of electronic data generation, storage, dissemination, and use trustworthy. Through the overall complete structure, it can solve the entire life cycle of electronic data generation, storage, dissemination, and use on the Internet, especially the whole-process trust issue at the generation end.
The blockchain consists of a three-layer structure:
1). The first is the blockchain program. Users can directly record the entire process of operation behavior in the blockchain through the program. , such as online submission of electronic evidence such as electronic contracts, rights protection processes, service process details;
2), The second is the full-link capability layer of the blockchain, which mainly provides real-name authentication, electronic signature, time Stamping, data storage and trusted services throughout the blockchain process;
3), the third is the judicial alliance layer, which uses blockchain technology to integrate notary offices, CA/RA institutions, forensic identification centers and The courts are connected together in the alliance chain, and each unit becomes a node on the chain.
The electronic evidence platform launched on the judicial chain of Hangzhou Internet Court directly establishes a special data channel between evidence and trial, making the collection, fixation, transmission and use of evidence more convenient and efficient.
In the past, when going to the Internet Court for litigation, evidence was submitted electronically and then uploaded to the "Hangzhou Internet Court Litigation Platform" (www.netcourt.gov.cn). For example, notarized documents are usually uploaded by scanning. The electronic evidence platform launched today first has a long "tentacle", and it can achieve seamless connection with other electronic data, such as notary offices. Then the notarized documents can be uploaded to the electronic evidence platform with one click and used directly as litigation evidence. For example, in transaction disputes involving e-commerce platforms such as Taobao and JD.com, mutual financial platforms, and wealth management platforms, third-party data service providers (such as operator platforms, electronic contracting platforms, and certificate depository institution platforms) can also directly transmit electronic data. To the electronic evidence platform, it effectively solves the difficulties faced by parties in collecting electronic data evidence on their own, and greatly saves the economy and energy of producing and cross-examining evidence in court trials.cost.
The "electronic" evidence that was originally just scanned or typed has truly transformed into "electronic evidence". Through the third-party storage platform, "electronic data" is easily lost and tampered with. The magic spell forms a unique “data ID card” that cannot be tampered with, and is synchronized and backed up to the electronic evidence platform in real time. After entering the litigation process, the "data ID card" that has been saved on the electronic evidence platform will be automatically compared with the original electronic data to determine whether the electronic evidence has been tampered with later, thus ensuring the authenticity of the electronic evidence.
These electronic data have coded ID cards, which become the "elements" of each case. The platform classifies these elements and then matches them to each case. In this way, the system automatically matches The key element is to import electronic evidence into each case to form a system that automatically files cases without a judge. We can imagine that we will soon be able to achieve a case filing speed of tens or hundreds per minute.
Finally, when these evidences become electronic data and are stored on the platform, in addition to the Hangzhou Internet Court, which can carry out judicial use on the platform during the trial of the case, other relevant institutions (such as other people with permission) Courts, judicial appraisal agencies, notary agencies, filing agencies) can all retrieve relevant evidence from the platform in accordance with procedures, and the co-construction and sharing of resource data will also be achieved.
Taking the Shanghai Pudong Notary Office’s data storage platform that has opened up the Hangzhou Mutual Judicial Chain as an example, we will introduce the complete closed-loop process from the data protection platform to judicial litigation.
1. Register the business platform and perform real-name authentication
Enterprise A, a design company, opens the Shanghai Pudong Notary Office data storage platform page and completes real-name identity authentication after registration.
2. Original data storage
When design company A completes the design of a work and archives the original work data, it initiates a remote storage call through its own business system Interface, call the RESTful API of the notary office's data storage platform to complete the storage of the design work file HASH and related elements. The deposit certificate will also be sent to the Judicial Blockchain, Pudong Notary Chain and China Time Service Center simultaneously. After all are successful, a certificate of deposit with the corresponding LOGO will be obtained. The HASH fingerprint data of the work files that are completely consistent on each chain and platform shows the validity and non-tamperability of this certificate.
5. Log in to Hanghu Court to submit a complaint and verify the legality of the evidence
The judicial chain is a specific application case of Ant Blockchain BaaS. Ant Blockchain BaaS (Blockchain as a Service) is based on the Ant Financial Alliance blockchain technology andAlibaba Cloud's open "Blockchain as a Service" platform. It outputs blockchain as a cloud service, supports numerous business scenarios and on-chain data traffic, and is the foundation of industry blockchain solutions. Ant Blockchain BaaS is committed to building an open and collaborative platform to provide convenient services to enterprises and individuals around the world.
The above picture is the product map of Ant Blockchain, in which the technical architecture of BaaS is mainly divided into three layers:
1. The bottom layer is BaaS Core
The BaaS Core layer is based on a cloud resource management platform that provides flexible support for hosts and containers, enabling convenient cross-platform operation and deployment. For trusted hardware, Alibaba Cloud's Shenlong server provides corresponding hardware services and can provide a trusted execution environment with high reliability and high privacy protection. In addition to the certificate deposit platform and smart contract platform, heterogeneous chain cross-chain services will be launched soon on the basis of homogeneous chain cross-chain services. In the current market, a single chain or a single chain has its own limitations. In the future, cross-chain technology will become a very important part of establishing trust infrastructure and a mutual trust ecosystem. At present, the BaaS platform has achieved internal interconnection through cross-chain services. It can also access trusted data sources on the external Internet through smart contracts and cross-chain services. In addition, BaaS Core has corresponding functions and support for other basic capabilities, such as alliance management, security and privacy, certificate key management, etc. While providing the self-developed Ant blockchain system, the BaaS platform also supports open source systems to better meet the diverse needs of customers, including enterprise Ethereum Quorum and Hyperledger Fabric.
2. The upper layer is BaaS Plus
The BaaS Plus layer encapsulates and services the underlying services and capabilities, and opens them into standardized interfaces to provide partners with access and use. This can greatly reduce customers' investment in basic resources and significantly shorten the time it takes to access services. So far, the platform has launched services such as trusted certificates, universal traceability, real person certification, and enterprise certification, and will gradually launch more services in the future.
3. The top layer is the BaaS Marketplace and solutions
Ant’s many partners can provide their capabilities in the marketplace. At the same time, practical applications implemented in different scenarios will precipitate a set of standard application solution templates, making it easier for customers to learn from the platform capabilities of other similar scenarios in their own applications. The Pudong Notary Office data storage platform can become a member of the BaaS Marketplace.
1. Account system
All transaction operations on Ant Blockchain are carried out around the account system, so before sending and executing transactions, you need to ensure that you have created a corresponding account on Ant Blockchain, and then you can use the created account to submit the transaction, or you can Complete the modification of relevant account configuration based on the account structure.
The specific account data structure model fields and descriptions are as follows:
Among them, accounts contain three types of keys:
Ant Blockchain adopts the account It is implemented in a decoupled manner from the key, which to a certain extent prevents security risks such as data loss on the chain caused by key loss. The main account operations supported by Ant Blockchain include:
2. Privacy protection
Ant Blockchain supports the privacy protection capabilities of sensitive account information data by introducing some features of cryptography. , by extending the relevant command functions at the smart contract level to realize the encrypted storage and addition and subtraction operations of the amount in the smart contract. Only individuals who obtain a valid key can decrypt the sensitive data in the smart contract and view the original amount information.
At present, the cryptographic features introduced by Ant Blockchain include zero-knowledge proof, that is, by introducing zero-knowledge proof, the legality of the transfer amount can be proved under the condition of encrypted ciphertext.
3. Cross-chain services
Ant Blockchain cross-chain service is an on-chain data service provided for smart contracts. This service deploys cross-chain services in the customer's blockchain environment. Contract/chain code, and provides an API interface for user contracts/chain codes to call and use. The cross-link service currently provides two types of services: ledger data access and contract message push, and their corresponding API interfaces. The ledger data access service can help user smart contracts obtain data on other blockchain ledgers, including but not limited to block headers, complete blocks, transactions, etc. The contract message push service can help communicate messages between smart contracts on different blockchains that have deployed cross-chain data services, satisfying scenarios such as cross-chain business association processing.
On May 22, 2019, Shanghai No. 1 Intermediate People's Court, Hangzhou Internet Court, Hefei Intermediate People's Court, Suzhou Intermediate People's Court, and Wuhu, Anhui Province jointly signed a letter of intent for cooperation, and will use the Hangzhou Internet Relying on the court's judicial blockchain platform, the four places are interconnected and jointly build the Yangtze River Delta judicial chain, creating a judicial-level trust mechanism with "full process records, full link credibility, and full node witness" to jointly promote judicial integration in the Yangtze River Delta region. develop. It was introduced at the meeting that the judicial blockchain operating mechanism of the Hangzhou Internet Court has become increasingly mature, and has collected 390 million pieces of electronic data. The dismissal rate of relevant cases has reached more than 96%. In intellectual property protection, financial risk prevention, agricultural product traceability, credit system construction, etc. played an important role.
The technology provider of the Hangzhou Internet Court’s judicial chain is Ant Financial Blockchain, which has the world’s leading core patented technology and 20,000 TPS high-performance certificate storage capabilities.Extremely high privacy security protection capabilities and top-level security prevention and control capabilities protect the judicial chain. Its Ant Blockchain trusted certificate storage platform supports third parties to access the judicial chain.
For example, in terms of specific aspects, the judicial chain has greatly improved the effect of users' rights protection. For example, in China, copyright protection is very backward. For example, only 5% of the pictures are genuine, and the rest are pirated. However, from the filing of the case to the trial, the first instance takes 8 months, and the compensation obtained is only 500. -600 yuan, but the time cost and economic cost far exceed the compensation amount. However, the emergence of the judicial chain can reduce the cost of rights protection by one to two orders of magnitude. Secondly, the judicial chain can enhance the trust of the brand. On the one hand, it enables enterprises to stand together with the judicial chain and the brands and platforms recognized by the government. On the other hand, it allows enterprises to clearly and transparently tell their business models through trust connection. users, giving users a very strong sense of trust. Entrepreneurs, in particular, can have huge traffic in the early stages. Finally, the judicial chain solves the problem of the last mile of the Internet, which greatly reduces the user's cost of use. Therefore, using the judicial chain model really upgrades the traditional business model into a trust business model.
Contributor Wang Denghui introduced:
Copyright chain/notarization chain project CTO of Hangzhou Xiabi Youshen Technology Company,
Shanghai partner of HiBlock technology community,
Focusing on "blockchain +" industrial implementation and implementation plan, hoping to preach blockchain together with industry practitioners.
⑦ What are the application examples of blockchain technology
Application of blockchain technology in voting
Kuaishang is the first country to apply blockchain technology to In the field of voting, it effectively solves the problem of trust in voting data, provides the most authentic and effective data to activists, and protects the rights and interests of real voting users. At the same time, it makes blockchain technology "people-friendly" and allows the general public to quickly perceive and enjoy the area in the field of life services. The convenience brought by blockchain technology.
The application of blockchain technology in digital asset registration
The Golden Master Digital Asset Service Platform is the first to use blockchain technology. This technology is a global distributed ledger technology that is traceable and non-transitory. Tamper-proof and unforgeable properties. The digital assets of the platform come from regulated digital asset issuers, and the value of the assets is determined through the open market to avoid overestimation or underestimation of value.
The application of blockchain technology in the financial industry
Ant Financial’s independently controllable financial-grade commercial blockchain platform has been deployed globally in multiple institutions and countries in multiple social and commercial application scenarios. Ant Blockchain Chain platform transactions support second-level confirmation, and the consensus mechanism uses an efficient parallel consensus algorithm to ensure the high performance of the blockchain platform. Ant Blockchain has already had multiple production-level applications, applying leading technology to people's livelihood and business. , finance and other fields.
⑧ Application of blockchain
1, Blockchain + Medical: In the medical field, blockchain can use its anonymity, decentralization and other characteristics to protect patient privacy. Electronic health records (EHR), DNA wallets, drug anti-counterfeiting, etc. are all possible application areas of blockchain technology. IBM predicted in last year's report that 56% of the world's medical institutions will...
2. Blockchain + Internet of Things: The Internet of Things is a very broad concept. If communications, energy management, Covering supply chain management, sharing economy, etc., the IoT application of blockchain technology will become a very important application field.
3. Blockchain + IP copyright & cultural entertainment: The Internet is developing better and better, and digital music, digital books, digital videos, digital games, etc. have gradually become mainstream. The rise of the knowledge economy has made intellectual property rights a core element of market competition.
Extended information:
1. Current application cases of blockchain
1. Application case 1: Tami Chain is a consortium chain platform based on Super Ledger, which realizes the non-linear transformation of Chinese state-owned enterprises. On-chain services for investment, financing and M&A transactions of target asset projects. The universal points management system (TamiDou) forms an internal reward mechanism, mobilizes production enthusiasm, and promotes the conversion of rights and data interoperability between various objects in the Tamichain ecosystem. The objects of shared points can be members of the corporate ecosystem such as trading institutions, investors, intermediary service partners, etc. Different issuance mechanisms and circulation mechanisms can also be formulated for different members to achieve positive interactions among blockchain digital points, business goals, and participants. The construction content includes: 1. Blockchain basic platform; 2. Points system; 3. Data circulation platform; 4. Certificate storage system; 5. Other subsystems on the chain. Project address: Enterprise M&A and Financing Information Service Platform_Tamigo
2. Application Case 2: Xuyuan Art Digital Asset Trading Service Platform is a trading platform for art copyrights and a discovery platform for global art values. A truly decentralized high-end service platform for the international art market. Based on the blockchain token, the platform implements an encrypted digital currency based on the world's outstanding artworks to exchange the value of artworks. Functions include copyright certification: artists and creators can perform copyright certification on the platform. Asset tokenization: Art creators divide the artistic copyright into tokens, and investors invest according to their subscription shares and receive income. Usage rights trading: Artists and creators place the rights to use artworks on the chain for transactions, and trigger smart contracts, allowing buyers to obtain the rights to use artworks (including various transactions such as leasing, exhibitions, etc.).
⑨ What are the application examples of blockchain technology
The express logistics industry is an industry that is very suitable for the application of blockchain technology.
In fact, the logistics ecosystem is relatively complex and there are many groups involved in the process.
The industry itself is a complex of segments with the concept of "flow". Starting from the initial "business flow", it gradually gave birth to "logistics", as well as the corresponding support of "capital flow" and "information flow" , complete the service chain.
There is a key issue behind the emergence of various "flows", which is the transfer of commodity ownership.
Coincidentally, many of the types of problems that blockchain technology solves are related to the trust friction generated during the transfer of asset ownership.
The application of blockchain technology can significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of settlement business in the express logistics industry, effectively solve the problem of traceability and anti-counterfeiting of items, and fully ensure information security and the privacy of senders and recipients.
In the field of promoting application in the express logistics industry, there are domestic blockchain companies doing applications in this area, such as Walton Chain.
Last year, Waltonchain reached a strategic cooperation with Huodou (Xiamen) Technology Co., Ltd., using Waltonchain’s “RFID blockchain” technology solution to help it improve its logistics solutions and move goods to Dou puts data on the chain in all aspects of its logistics turnover, such as entering and exiting the warehouse, receiving goods and other key nodes. After deploying the reading and writing system, when the object passes through any link, the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader and writer, and the relevant data can be read by the RFID reader. The corresponding behavior is converted into data and uploaded to the blockchain. Users can trace the entire logistics process with one click.
Four business scenarios that can be implemented in the real environment are suitable for the application of blockchain technology.
Scenario 1: Insured express delivery
Revolving around the insured scenario, express companies transport goods, insurance companies provide guaranteed goods, merchants provide goods sales, sellers purchase insured services, and the government regulates the industry.
So, what should be recorded on the blockchain? There are several key points. The logistics details of the goods, accounts, identities, claims, other reference data and other information are recorded on the blockchain.
Insured price is the concept of a contract. When the customer signs for the package normally, the account claim is automatically triggered, the contract ends normally, and the premium is automatically cleared. If there is a problem or missing piece, the insurance company's claim process will be triggered.
Scenario 2: Charity express delivery
For charity activities, such as the "One Cent" campaign, one cent from the cost of each charity package is donated to the account of the charity organization . In this scenario, the express delivery company is still responsible for the transportation of goods, the public welfare organization provides the execution of public welfare activities, and the poverty alleviation merchants provide the sales of public welfare and poverty alleviation products.
Then what is recorded in the blockchain is the logistics details of the goods. After the package is signed for, it will be recorded on the blockchain, automatically triggering a transfer from the logistics company's public welfare account to the public welfare organization's account. When the public welfare activities are completed, the entire process is open and transparent, which avoids the public's distrust of social welfare activities.
Scenario 3: Industry blacklist sharing
At present, the blacklist of express delivery employees is still mainly offline. We hope that through blockchain technology, each company can record the blacklist of employees on the blockchain, and other companies can also query it, and the data cannot be modified, and can be traced back to which company this person worked in What kind of inappropriate behavior and other information.
Scenario 4: Supervision of safety incidents in postal delivery channels
Many express delivery companies will install security inspection machines, and the government also wants to know whether each logistics company has any transportation safety hazards. Through the distributed accounting model, each express delivery company can record the effective information of the security incident on the blockchain when a security incident occurs, so that regulatory agencies can monitor it in real time and cannot be tampered with.
⑩ How to apply blockchain technology to actual scenarios
Recently, 18 departments and units including the Central Network Information Office, the Central Propaganda Department, and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the "About Organization "Notice on Applying for Blockchain Innovation Application Pilot" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), announced that it will organize and carry out national blockchain innovation application pilot actions in 16 fields in four categories: the real economy, social governance, people's livelihood services, and financial technology.
The "Notice" clarifies that by the end of 2023, a number of replicable and generalizable typical cases and practice experiences of blockchain innovative applications will be formed to further leverage the role of blockchain in promoting data sharing, optimizing business processes, and reducing operating costs. , improve collaborative efficiency, build a trustworthy system, etc., and help build a network power and digital China.
Blockchain is a product of the digital economy era. Since the 18th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on October 24, 2019, it was emphasized that “blockchain should be used as a core technology and an important breakthrough for independent innovation to accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation.” In the past two years, my country's blockchain industry has ushered in rapid development.
Ebaoquan is one of the first domestic companies to maturely apply blockchain technology to various industrial fields. It is also one of the 2018 Industrial Internet (the only blockchain) demonstration project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the 2019 National Cyberspace Administration of China (first batch). A blockchain registered enterprise, it was selected as a typical enterprise for China’s blockchain technology innovation in 2019 and 2020 and won the second prize for innovative application in the 2020 Global Blockchain Competition. Its blockchain qualifications and strength are highly recognized.
Since 2014, Yibaoquan has been deeply involved in the research and development and application innovation of the underlying technology of blockchain, pioneering the "blockchain + judicial + application" model and launching the "preservation chain" in the field of electronic data storage. , "Junzizi" in the field of electronic signing, "Zhongzhengbao" in the field of Internet justice, "Micro Copyright" in the field of intellectual property protection and many other well-known brands.
Based on the underlying technology of blockchain and combined with independent invention patents, Yibaoquan has established an alliance blockchain "Preservation Chain Open Platform" in conjunction with notary offices, judicial appraisal institutes, arbitration committees, courts, copyright protection centers, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other authoritative institutions. , to ensure that electronic data will be synchronously stored on the blockchain to 20+ authoritative organization nodes as soon as it is generated, and the content will be solidified instantly. This ensures that every node on the chain can realize real-time interoperability of data information, and the stored data cannot be tampered with.
