人民在线怎么运用区块链技术,人民在线怎么运用区块链的

近年来，随着区块链技术的不断发展，人民在线已经开始运用区块链技术来改善其服务和产品。本文将介绍区块链技术在人民在线中的三个重要的应用，即数据安全、智能合约和去中心化应用。

数据安全：区块链技术可以提供可靠的数据安全保护，使用户的数据不会被篡改。人民在线可以使用区块链技术来保护用户的个人信息，以及其他重要的数据，从而保护用户的隐私，确保数据安全。此外，区块链技术还可以帮助人民在线构建一个安全的数据库，以便更好地管理用户的信息。

智能合约：智能合约是一种基于区块链技术的自动执行的合同，它可以帮助人民在线自动执行一些业务流程，从而提高业务效率，减少人工干预，并确保执行结果的准确性。通过智能合约，人民在线可以更好地实现网上交易，实现自动化结算，并确保交易的安全性。

去中心化应用：去中心化应用是基于区块链技术的应用，它可以帮助人民在线实现去中心化的数据存储和数据传输，从而使网络更加安全和可靠。去中心化应用还可以帮助人民在线更好地实现网络支付，并确保交易的安全性。此外，去中心化应用还可以帮助人民在线更好地实现网络审计，从而更好地保护用户的数据安全。

总之，随着区块链技术的发展，人民在线可以利用区块链技术的数据安全、智能合约和去中心化应用等功能，以改善其服务和产品，更好地保护用户的数据安全，提高业务效率，并确保交易的安全性。

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① What are the practical applications of blockchain in China

1. WeBank uses blockchain technology for loan settlement
WeBank joins hands with Shanghai Huarui The bank has put into trial operation an inter-bank joint loan clearing platform based on alliance blockchain technology to optimize the settlement and clearing of the "Weilidai" joint loans of the two banks. With the introduction of this blockchain system, all information is recorded on the blockchain network and cannot be tampered with. It is cleared simultaneously during the transaction process, achieving real-time clearing and saving a lot of manpower and material resources. This is the practical application of "consortium chain".

2. China UnionPay uses blockchain technology to realize inter-bank point redemption
China UnionPay and IBM are trialling a shared points system using blockchain technology. The use of this blockchain system allows users to redeem reward points across banks and platforms. That is to say, the user's points in one bank can be exchanged for points and rewards from other banks, or even multiple airline miles and supermarket rewards. The efficiency of using bank points has been greatly improved.
3. Toyota Motor uses blockchain technology to track auto parts
Toyota Motor joins the R3 Alliance and uses blockchain technology to store the production, processing and usage of each part in the blockchain. In this way, when there is a problem with a car part, the source of the part can be easily and quickly found.
4. Central Bank’s Blockchain Digital Bill Trading Platform
The blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the Central Bank was successfully tested. The introduction of digital currency for settlement can realize the simultaneous transfer of capital flow and information flow in digital bill transactions, thereby realizing DVP pay-versus-payment settlement. At the same time, the blockchain digital identity solution solves the problem of repeated KYC authentication for users between different financial institutions.
5. Ant Financial Blockchain Application
Ant Financial’s blockchain technology tested the waters of insurance and helped Xinmei Life Insurance Co., Ltd. launch the first charity rescue account in the domestic insurance industry. Blockchain technology allows Every fund flow is open and transparent, every fund flow data cannot be tampered with, and the whereabouts and use of every fund can be traced. Ant blockchain is used in food safety traceability and product authenticity traceability.

Author: Blockchain Development Company
Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/5ff8437bd58b
Source: Jianshu
Copyright belongs to the author . For commercial reprinting, please contact the author for authorization. For non-commercial reprinting, please indicate the source.

② Why are some of the reference numbers aligned and some not?

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Abstract: The accommodation industry is subject to sharing One of the industries with relatively early and deep economic impact. In recent years, the non-standardized accommodation industry represented by shared accommodation has been booming, and the competitive landscape of my country's shared accommodation industry has taken shape.

At the same time, there are still fake housing listings and inadequate credit review in my country’s shared accommodation.Due to problems such as strictness, fraud and bad reviews, and insufficient sharing of market credit information, it is urgent to establish a credit system for shared accommodation to promote the standardized, sustainable and healthy development of shared accommodation in our country.

Blockchain combines a new way of data sharing with the help of cryptography, consensus algorithm and distributed storage technology. Through measures such as openness, transparency, decentralization, non-tamperability and collective maintenance of data, Reduce the information asymmetry of the entire system, thereby promoting a new trust mechanism. The development of blockchain technology provides a new idea for the construction of a shared accommodation credit system.

In view of the credit problems existing in shared accommodation, combined with the characteristics and development status of blockchain technology, we reconstruct the trust mechanism of both parties in shared accommodation transactions, solve the pain points of credit deficiency in shared accommodation, and establish a shared accommodation credit system. Framework and implementation path.

Keywords: shared accommodation; credit system; blockchain; smart contract

Introduction

Shared accommodation is a form of the sharing economy, which refers to housing Source owners or operators publish information related to housing through the shared accommodation platform to temporarily transfer the right to use the housing. Tenants can search through the shared accommodation platform, communicate with the landlord or platform and implement rental transactions. Shared accommodation platform Then get intermediary fees or commissions from it.

In the era of mobile Internet, shared accommodation has profoundly changed people’s lives. Shared accommodation platforms represented by Xiaozhu Short-term Rental and Tujia have developed rapidly, providing many conveniences and profound experiences to people's lives.

The "China Shared Accommodation Development Report 2020" released by the National Information Center shows that the size of my country's shared accommodation market in 2019 was approximately 22.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 36.4%, and shared accommodation revenue accounted for the proportion of room revenue in the national accommodation industry. Reaching 7.3%; the number of shared accommodation participants is approximately 200 million, a year-on-year increase of 53.8%, including approximately 6.18 million service providers. The penetration rate of shared accommodation users increased from 5% to 9.7% from 2016 to 2019 [1].

At present, my country's shared accommodation market continues to grow rapidly. The number of shared accommodation and the number of tenants have increased significantly. The shared accommodation industry has begun to take shape, business innovations continue to emerge, safety and security measures are increasingly improved, and the pace of internationalization is accelerating. , the market as a whole is in a rapid rising stage. It is expected that my country's shared accommodation market will continue to maintain a relatively high growth rate in the next three years.

However, the shared accommodation market is still in the early stages of development, and many aspects are not mature enough. At the same time, my country’s social credit system and credit mechanism are not yet complete, and various short-term rental risks have also arisen. The credit system Imperfection has become a constraint to the development of shared accommodation [2].

Although non-standardized services are consistent with the personalized experience of shared B&Bs, they have also sounded the alarm in the field of safety supervision [3]. In developed countries, not only are there complete credit reporting systems to provide support for innovative business models, but also people have a strong sense of credit. However, in China, the lack of real-name social networks makes it difficult to establish a credit system based on social networks..

At the same time, the current situation that credit data is separated from each other on various platforms has also weakened its binding force. However, there are also some short-term rental platforms that are exploring the establishment of credit systems and credit mechanisms. For example, Xiaozhu Fliggy cooperates with Alipay’s Zhima Credit Score to provide tenants with different conveniences based on the Zhima Credit Score [4].

In addition to the platform’s self-built database credit system, Tujia also introduces third-party data such as Ctrip and Sesame Credit. In recent years, blockchain technology has received widespread attention. On October 24, 2019, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee conducted a collective study on the current status and trends of blockchain technology development and determined that blockchain will be an important breakthrough for independent innovation of core technologies.

Blockchain technology has begun to be applied in all walks of life, and the integration of blockchain and industry has begun to accelerate, empowering the real economy. Blockchain technology has core technologies such as point-to-point transmission, distributed accounting, smart contracts, and traceability. It has the characteristics that information cannot be tampered with and naturally increases credit [5]. It has a natural integration point with the credit issues faced by shared accommodation. On a decentralized blockchain network, linking idle properties and tenants through information sharing can increase the utilization of idle properties.

This article aims to study the establishment of a credit system for shared accommodation in my country based on blockchain technology, with a view to establishing shared accommodation credit from a technical perspective and providing reference for the standardized, sustainable and healthy development of shared accommodation in my country.

1. Problems in the shared accommodation credit system

Shared accommodation has the advantages of low price, complete facilities, and obvious features, attracting many tenants to choose this way of accommodation. The concept of shared accommodation has gradually become popular in China, but the operation model and management system are not perfect. As a new model, the main difference between shared accommodation and the traditional economic model is online transactions based on the Internet platform [6].

Trading individuals transact without knowing each other, which requires a strong credit intermediary as a middleman. However, in reality, such credit intermediaries do not exist or are unreliable, and the imperfect credit system has become an obstacle restricting the development of shared accommodation.

In the absence of credit supervision or weak credit supervision, according to the transaction cost theory, landlords and tenants will increase their trust costs due to information asymmetry, and the cost of breach of trust on both supply and demand sides is low, and both parties will be Maximizing interests leads to opportunistic behavior, and people choose decisions that they believe can maximize their own interests in the game. The problems existing in the shared accommodation credit system are specifically reflected in the following four aspects.

(1) False housing listings

From the perspective of the housing rental market, market participants are mixed, and false publicity, excessive publicity, and shoddy goods are common.

Firstly, the pictures of the properties on some rental platforms are seriously inconsistent with the actual situation. The photos uploaded by the platforms are seriously distorted after beautification. However, most tenants check the property information through the platform when they check in for the first time. , which leads to information asymmetry.

Second, shared accommodation featuresIn particular, some B&Bs have serious hygiene problems. The bedding has not been strictly disinfected or replaced, and the rooms are not clean. In addition, some shared accommodation rooms have been exposed in the past few years to have excessive formaldehyde. After someone checked in, they discovered that they were newly renovated. room, endangering the health of tenants, etc.

Thirdly, there are hidden dangers in the safety of living in shared B&Bs. Some ordinary private houses have incomplete fire protection facilities and door locks are not safe enough. Some rooms are partitioned rooms, with multiple renters per room, and the quality is worrying. Not conducive to protecting tenant privacy. These phenomena include both platform breach of trust and landlord breach of trust.

(2) The credit review is not strict

First, the platform does not strictly review the housing and landlord qualifications.

Most platforms have low entry barriers, and most of the houses they provide are residential properties. It is very simple to apply to become a "B&B". You only need to provide the landlord's ID card, real estate certificate or lease contract to ensure that the tenant can move in. No special industry license or market business license is required. When the property is listed on the platform, Inauthentic viewing. If an accident or dispute occurs in such a "B&B" operating without a license, the rights and interests of consumers will not be protected, and the rights protection process will become very complicated.

The second is the lax credit review of guests staying at the hotel.

When tenants check in at a hotel, they usually undergo identity recognition and facial recognition. The tenant’s basic information is connected to the public security network. If the tenant is suspected, the public security agency will quickly identify him. The tenant was listed on the list of dishonest persons subject to execution. When checking into a star-rated hotel, the hotel system was connected to the "National Courts Information Release and Inquiry List of Untrustworthy Persons Subject to Execution" platform, so the tenant could not check in.

Through this pre-move-in credit review, previously untrustworthy tenants will be eliminated. Many rooms in shared accommodation are converted from B&Bs, especially long-term rental apartments. There is one bedroom for each person in the apartment, and the kitchen and bathroom are mostly shared. When the tenant checks in, the platform does not strictly review the credit record of the tenant, or there is no condition. Review, lack of credit information; some cooperate with Alipay to judge the credit status of tenants based on Zhima Credit scores, but the credit records reflected by Zhima Credit are different from rental credit and other credit records in life. Many credit records are not recorded in Zhima Credit Credit scores will create credit risks and even legal risks.

(3) False orders and negative reviews

Since the advent of online shopping, there have been accompanying false orders and negative reviews. The main purpose of order fraud is for merchants to improve search rankings, sales and praise to attract customers. The phenomenon of order fraud is common on e-commerce platforms. When renters search for housing on the shared accommodation platform, they will be sorted by positive reviews. They will pay attention to this important indicator when the prices are similar.

Whether it is a B2C model or a C2C model, there will be fraud. If some merchants in the market swipe orders, it will trigger everyone to swipe orders, because if they don't swipe orders, their rankings and sales will be left at the bottom, making it difficult to search and pay attention to them. When a tenant places an order online based on the positive rating, check-inAfter I moved in, I felt that it was seriously inconsistent with the real situation and I felt like I had been deceived. Negative ratings include negative ratings from tenants and negative ratings from competitors.

Tenants who feel that the experience is poor after checking in may give bad reviews; tenants may also deliberately give bad reviews in order to ask for some compensation from the landlord or the platform. Most of the negative reviews given by competitors are to discredit their peers and use unfair means to compete. It is also difficult to obtain evidence for such negative reviews. When landlords or platforms encounter bad reviews, they usually choose to "spend money to ward off the disaster" to delete the reviews.

(4) Insufficient sharing of market credit information

At present, the role of integrity and self-discipline in my country’s shared accommodation industry needs to be strengthened, an industry credit information sharing mechanism has not yet been established, and market credit information sharing is seriously insufficient, especially The problems of information islands and information abuse are prominent, online and offline development is unbalanced, market entities have insufficient exchange and sharing of credit information, and good credit risk control has not yet been played for participants in shared accommodation.

Third-party credit service agencies have insufficient data accumulation in the shared accommodation industry, and have not yet formed a complete industrial chain and ecosystem with the shared accommodation industry. Although some platform companies are endorsed by Zhima Credit, their coverage is still relatively small, and a credit information sharing system based on personal interaction and character interaction has not yet been formed. The construction of the internal credit mechanism of shared accommodation platform companies, how to use and flow credit information, and how to communicate with third-party credit service agencies are basically still in the natural development stage.

my country’s accommodation data sharing mechanism is imperfect. Tenants and landlords can only rely on the credit evaluation data accumulated by the platform or a simple certification system to screen landlords, listings or tenants. Some platform companies do not strictly control the credit due diligence work such as real-name authentication, background verification, and qualification review of tenants and landlords, resulting in risks and loopholes in the protection of the rights and interests of tenants and landlords.

2. Basic framework of shared accommodation credit system based on blockchain technology

The sharing economy is an economic form with a high degree of contractual spirit [7]. The development of shared accommodation is based on a high degree of trust between landlords and tenants and sufficient guarantees. The shared accommodation credit system provides institutional arrangements for credit behavior and credit relationships in shared accommodation economic activities, which is both a shared accommodation credit behavior and The regulation and guarantee of credit relationships are also the operating rules that restrict the credit behavior and credit relationships of shared accommodation [8].

With the increasing popularity of new shared accommodation formats, its two-way information communication, flexible transaction methods and high degree of onlineization have brought huge economic benefits to society, breaking geographical restrictions and transforming market transactions. The scope has expanded to an unprecedented breadth, not only far beyond the scope of acquaintance society, but also further expanding the market scope of the traditional economic form; at the same time, the intelligent and virtual development trend of the new economy has increased the liquidity of both parties to the transaction, and in buying and selling Transactions can occur even if the two parties have never met, and the delivery of products or services does not require the buyer and seller to meet again to confirm.

These factorsIt deepens the information asymmetry of shared accommodation and puts forward higher requirements for the corresponding market credit system, that is, it needs to provide consumers with real-time, publicly verifiable, weakly centralized, complete and objective credit information and electronic , programmable credit rules to help consumers make wise consumption decisions.

In view of the credit problems existing in shared accommodation and some of the issues that tenants are most concerned about, blockchain technology can be used to solve the problems such as data traceability, non-tampering, automatic execution of smart contracts, and currency day destruction. We divide the basic architecture of the shared accommodation credit system into five layers, from bottom to top: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, and smart contract layer (as shown in Figure 1).

The data layer mainly solves the problems of what data information (basic data information and transaction data information) and data information encryption algorithm are included in the shared accommodation credit system; the network layer uses the P2P network, and each node uses a blockchain All transaction records are stored in full in the form; the consensus layer mainly solves the "Byzantine Generals Problem" and workload proof mechanism, "double spend problem", 51% attack, etc.; the incentive layer includes the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism, and the source of incentives is transaction fees ;The smart contract layer realizes the automatic execution of the contract through the code deployment and rule setting of the contract.

The technical architecture of the shared accommodation credit system established in this article is a consortium chain. A platform based on the consortium chain does not require each department to disclose all its data, but is more like an alliance. Each node has According to their own responsibilities and authorities, when a department proposes to review a certain person or thing, other departments only need to reflect the data results of this person or thing.

The shared accommodation platform uploads information such as property listings, tenant and landlord information, and housing operation data to the chain through a consortium chain, ensuring to the greatest extent that relevant information such as property listings and participants are authentic and valid, and that the information can be verify.

At the same time, smart contracts are introduced to automatically execute the terms of the rental contract, making transactions automated and intelligent, simplifying the rental process and improving user experience on the basis of completing trusted transactions.

3. Shared accommodation credit system establishment process

The shared accommodation credit system includes four aspects: data collection, ledger design, smart contract embedding, and credit evaluation. The design of the ledger solves the problem of non-tampering and traceability of information, and the embedding of smart contracts reflects the efficiency of the blockchain.

(1) Shared accommodation data collection

Shared accommodation enterprises (platforms) will provide information that is helpful to the shared accommodation credit system to the competent authorities for sharing in accordance with the law. Shared accommodation companies should focus on the accumulation, management and application of their own data, submit work data in accordance with the requirements of the competent authorities, and provide credit information to the competent authorities in accordance with the law.

At the same time, the privacy and business secrets of all participants and related parties in shared accommodation should be protected during the reporting and management of relevant information. Shared accommodation companies can also voluntarily share some or all of the risk warnings and red and black lists formed within the company.

The competent authorities shall, according to relevantTo meet the needs of departments in building a public credit system, organize the sharing of relevant information within the scope of responsibilities of each department. Competent departments can also take the lead in collecting and exchanging basic information and credit information on sharing economic entities held by various departments. The data that the shared accommodation platform needs to collect includes basic information and transaction information. The basic information includes landlords, tenants, and housing information. The transaction information includes rental records, housing operations, credit evaluation records, complaint records, and other information.

There are two main sources of data:

One part is data from relevant institutions, involving public security, courts, Credit China and other government departments;

The other part is The platform itself collects and trades the accumulated data.

(2) Distributed ledger design for shared accommodation credit records

A distributed ledger is a database that is shared, replicated and synchronized among network members. Network participants use consensus principles to restrict and negotiate record updates in the ledger, eliminating the need for third-party institutions to participate.

The distributed ledger records data through timestamps and cryptographic signatures. Each record in the ledger has a timestamp and a unique cryptographic signature, which makes the ledger an auditable historical record of all transactions in the network. . Currently, the data obtained by the sharing economy is only for internal use, the phenomenon of data islands is serious, the credit system is imperfect, and the centralized database makes credit information easily tampered with.

Based on the characteristics of blockchain technology, this article establishes a distributed ledger jointly maintained by the platform, landlords, tenants, relevant government departments, industry associations, etc., to achieve one point of chaining and multiple points of sharing. Putting real estate certificates, decoration contracts, etc. on the chain can not only verify the security of the information, but also protect the privacy of the lessor's personal information while sharing information on the platform through blockchain technology (as shown in Figure 2)

Shared accommodation credit records are jointly maintained by the platform, tenants, landlords, and government agencies. These participants are "linked" together through the alliance chain to achieve information sharing. The ledger consists of a block header and a block body. Each block header is associated with numerous transactions in the blockchain through merkle roots, and each block is connected in chronological order through the block header hash value. In view of the characteristics of "fake housing listings", multiple information such as Credit China Network, Public Security Network, and personal consumption data are verified to rebuild the trust relationship between landlords and tenants and eliminate all fraud.

Incentivize third parties (volunteers, photographers, etc.) to upload housing information in the form of tokens or cash, and encourage tenants to share their rental experience. In addition, landlords take the initiative to disclose housing operation data and put it on the chain, such as electricity consumption data. Since it is real information, it can be used as a voucher for supply chain and financing.

(3) Design of smart contracts for shared accommodation transactions

The concept of smart contracts can be traced back to 1995, proposed by cryptologist Nick Szabo. He defined smart contracts as "a A set of commitments defined in digital form, including protocols on which contract participants can execute these commitments” [9].

IntelligenceEnergy contracts are deployed in distributed ledgers and are completely defined and executed by code. All contract contents are digitized, minimizing human intervention. The use of smart contracts includes six steps: compiling the contract, creating the contract, deploying the contract, calling the contract, listening to the contract (sometimes sometimes), and canceling the contract. Sharing accommodation compilation contracts and creation contracts are generally standardized.

The smart contract for shared accommodation (including rental contract, loan contract, etc.) is negotiated by the landlord, platform, and tenant. The contract stipulates the rights and obligations of each party. The contract content includes fee terms, transaction rules, and Additional clauses [10].

The fee terms include price, deposit, preferential conditions, payment method, etc.; the transaction rules stipulate the payment time, how to compensate for damaged items, how to compensate for the damage to consumer rights, etc.; the subsidiary terms are in addition to the fee terms and transaction Anything else that needs to be added beyond the rules.

The signed smart contract is spread to each node through the P2P network, and is stored in the blockchain after being confirmed by each node. When the stay is completed, the system will automatically execute the contract according to the contract content.

Suppose the tenant rents an apartment for a month through a shared accommodation platform and agrees to pay once a week (can be paid with cryptocurrency). After payment, the tenant will receive a code based on a smart contract With the prescribed digital receipt, the tenant and the owner respectively use the electronic keys representing their identities to sign the house rental contract. The contract takes effect immediately and can be circulated on the blockchain.

The smart contract will track whether the tenant has received the "digital key". If the tenant does not obtain the key before the specified date, the smart contract will automatically refund the money. After the tenant has moved in for one week, The smart contract will automatically deduct one week’s rent. Smart contracts are triggered based on pre-set conditions in the contract and are automatically executed when the conditions are met.

The smart contract will regularly check the status of the automaton, traverse the state machine, transactions and trigger conditions contained in each contract one by one, and push the transactions that meet the conditions to the queue to be verified, waiting for consensus; not satisfied Transactions that trigger conditions will continue to be stored on the blockchain. For example, after moving in, a tenant accidentally breaks a tea cup. The tenant can upload this event to the chain, and the smart contract will automatically deduct the money from the deposit. There are sensors, so there is no need for tenants to upload them, and compensation will be automatically deducted.

After the transaction is successfully executed, the state machine that comes with the smart contract determines the status of the contract. When all transactions included in the contract are executed in order, the state machine marks the status of the contract as completed and starts from The contract is removed from the latest block.

For example, when the tenant completes check-out, the status of the door lock password is automatically marked as completed, the password automatically expires, and the rental contract automatically expires. During the entire contract execution process, all participants and third-party institutions can view the contract execution status through the blockchain. Smart contracts are used in conjunction with the new generation of information technology to achieve the best operating results. For example, combining cutting-edge technologies such as VR and AR can present the actual situation of the house to the greatest extent.

GPS positioning technology can be used to monitor the location and status of items in the room in real time. Through face recognition technology, the tenant's identity will be automatically identified and the information verified. If identity fraud is found, the information will be simultaneously transmitted to the entire network. Blockchain technology records information that cannot be tampered with, making it impossible for counterfeiters to hide.

If a shared accommodation house is equipped with supporting IoT door locks, smart access control, smart electricity meters, smart water meters, smart air conditioners and other smart hardware, when the contract comes into effect, the tenant will automatically receive the door lock password and open the door. After check-out, the water meter and electricity meter will automatically work. After check-out, these devices will automatically stop working. The combination of IoT and blockchain will generate huge energy in the future and achieve huge changes across industries.

(4) Shared accommodation credit evaluation system design

Some existing shared accommodation platforms have established unified evaluation index systems and evaluation standards. Use a scientific and reasonable evaluation system to comprehensively evaluate the credit rating of shared accommodation participants; use clear evaluation indicators to classify them according to "A, B, C, D" or "trustworthy, warning, dishonest, serious breach of trust", etc. And use the credit evaluation results for platform operation and management. The interconnection of credit evaluation results between shared accommodation platforms should be encouraged to jointly supervise and maintain the credit of shared accommodation.

However, the disadvantage of this kind of evaluation is that it is easy to fake, easy to cheat, and it is also easy to be criticized by competitors. In e-commerce platform transactions, this phenomenon is difficult to eliminate.

The credit evaluation based on the blockchain can make fraud meaningless. By introducing the destruction of Bitian into the credit evaluation of transactions, a more fair evaluation result will be obtained, and the evaluation data will be uploaded to the chain, and any institution and No individual can modify the data on the chain. At the same time, the verification mechanism of the blockchain rewards those who provide correct information, encourages participants to continue to provide correct information, punishes those who provide false data, and can even lower the credit level of false data providers. There will be rewards for fair evaluations, so everyone is likely to make fair evaluations.

Principle of credit evaluation of coin days destruction In the blockchain, coin days destruction is equal to the amount of each transaction multiplied by the time (number of days) that the coins of this transaction have not been used on the account [11]. In a credit evaluation, the more coins days are destroyed, the greater the weight of the credit evaluation.

1. Introduce the length of time into credit evaluation, so that high-frequency operations in a short period of time will be technically restricted, and this method is more effective than institutional restrictions. For example, in order to improve the search ranking and praise rate of the room, the landlord will invite relatives and friends or hire a large number of bill brushers to brush the bill, first let the bill brusher pay, and then return it to the bill brusher from another account, which is a lot of fictitious. Giving "good reviews" for each transaction will naturally improve your credit and mislead consumers.

Now if all evaluation records are put on the chain, when the order brusher makes the first evaluation, because the funds have been in the account for a long time, the weight of the credit evaluation (coin day destruction) is relatively high, and in Second evaluationAt that time, because the interval from the first time is relatively short, the credit score is relatively low. Because time is calculated in "days", only the first credit evaluation of multiple transactions within the same account within a day is valid, and the subsequent ones are all 0.

The same goes for negative reviews. Except for the first time, which may be valid, subsequent reviews will also be 0; if the first negative review is wrong after multiple verifications, it will eventually be deemed invalid. This technically solves the problem of fraudulent orders and bad reviews. And once this behavior is verified, it will be recorded in the blockchain, and the credit of the participants will be affected.

2. The application of credit evaluation results introduces the destruction of currency days into credit evaluation, and assigns costs to transactions through mathematical means, so that the credit evaluation results truly reflect the true credit of the participants. The competent authorities and shared accommodation platforms can take the lead in formulating a red and black list of shared accommodation based on the evaluation results, and carry out joint incentives and punishments accordingly.

First of all, establish and standardize the "red list" system of trustworthy entities in the shared accommodation field, increase the promotion of "red list" entities, and provide certain conveniences in public services, market transactions, social management, etc.; encourage The shared accommodation platform will give preferential treatment to "red list" shared accommodation participants in terms of search ranking and credit points, strengthen positive incentives and guidance, and encourage financial institutions to increase support for "red list" shared accommodation companies.

Secondly, establish a "blacklist" system for untrustworthy entities in the shared accommodation field, increase supervision of "blacklisted" companies, increase the frequency of inspections of "blacklisted" companies, and punish "blacklisted" companies in accordance with the law. Relevant dishonest personnel of the enterprise shall not be allowed to hold positions such as legal representatives, persons in charge, directors, supervisors, senior managers, etc., and joint disciplinary measures such as restrictions on business or financing credit, cancellation of financial subsidies or policy support shall be implemented; shared accommodation platforms shall be supported to comply with relevant management regulations , implementing disciplinary measures such as restricting access, lowering credit ratings, sealing electronic accounts, and public exposure of "blacklisted" shared accommodation participants.

IV. Conclusion

Based on the credit issues existing in shared accommodation, this article introduces blockchain technology to "connect" landlords, platforms, tenants, regulatory agencies, etc., to achieve Information sharing, joint accounting, and reconstruction of social trust are expected to solve the problem of "real people, real houses, and real homes". House information, rental contracts and other information are uploaded to the chain to ensure that the information on the chain is not tampered with and can be traced; the promotion of smart contracts can greatly improve the efficiency of renting a house, and can also avoid malicious behavior from interfering with the normal execution of the contract; CoinTian destruction introduces credit During the evaluation, we will technically put an end to fraud and bad reviews, making the evaluation results authentic and effective.

It should be pointed out that as an emerging technology, blockchain has obvious advantages and huge potential, and it has already begun to be deployed and applied in various industries or industries, but this does not mean that blockchain is perfect. . As with all new technologies, blockchain inevitably has vulnerabilities and legal and institutional challenges.

The most obvious question is whether a smart contract is a contract in the legal sense? yesNot legal? There is also blockchain technology that ensures the authenticity and transparent operation of information on the chain, but how to ensure the authenticity of the information before it is put on the chain? This series of problems cannot be solved by relying solely on blockchain technology. It also requires technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, as well as the constraints of social systems.

In addition, for now, there are not many people in all walks of life who really understand blockchain technology. In the field of shared accommodation, the knowledge level of relevant personnel is limited, and their understanding and mastery of blockchain are limited. Directly affects the establishment of the shared accommodation credit system.

How to effectively use blockchain technology, use technology to enhance trust, and integrate development with the real economy is the direction of healthier and more sustainable development of blockchain applications.

References:

[1] National Information Center Network. China Shared Accommodation Development Report 2020 [DB/OL]. (2020-07-23) [2020-11-01 ].http://www.sic.gov.cn/News/557/10549.htm.

[2] Zhao Ping. What regulatory difficulties hinder the development of the sharing economy［J］. People’s Forum, 2019 (7): 76-77.

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Source Note: This article comes from In "Credit Report", author: Dai Mingfeng, Ministry of Commerce, HanJiaping Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.

Authors丨Dai Mingfeng, Han Jiaping

Typesetting丨Xu Miao

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③ People The website invited the general manager of Beijing Yumede to be a guest to discuss blockchain applications and cooperation

On July 15, 2022, the general manager of Beijing Yumede Intellectual Property Services Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing Yumede") Manager Xu Tingxu and his party were invited by People's Daily to visit the New Media Building of People's Daily. Yang Cheng, CEO of People's Kaihui Fiber Network Lingjing·People's Art Museum, also attended the exchange event and had in-depth discussions with Xu Tingxu on related cooperation. Xu Tingxu also introduced the development plan of Yumeide and the development status of the "Legend" game.
(Xu Tingxu, general manager of Beijing Yumede, was invited to be a guest at People's Daily Online)
Xu Tingxu introduced the development history of Yumede. Yumede was established in 2000 and completed the development of the famous online game "Legend" in the same year. Since the introduction of Chinese Shiqiang in 2001, its popularity has not diminished. It has developed from a game to an IP, and Yumede has also developed into a multinational company, with its business covering game development, distribution, investment, blockchain, etc. .
Yumeide has also continued to develop some follow-up products of Legend. In 2020, "Legend 4" was launched in South Korea, triggering a craze; after the international version of "Legend 4" was launched last year, the highest number of people online at the same time worldwide exceeded 1.5 million, which is When "Legend of Blood" was at its peak in China, there were almost three times the number of people online at the same time. Xu Tingxu said that the main reason why the international version of "Legend 4" is so successful is that it is combined with blockchain technology. The international version of "Legend 4" has launched character NFTs and has also turned some major in-game assets into NFTs. Yumeide provides a special platform where NFT digital cards can be uploaded for the convenience of players.
The success of the international version of "Legend 4" has also allowed Yumede to accelerate the pace of improving its metaverse plan. Yumede has launched a new blockchain game platform Wemixplay, and hopes that it can become a global game company. The backbone of the service-based ecosystem for blockchain games. Yumeide recently added 9 games to the Wemixplay blockchain game platform, which allows developers to launch blockchain games without knowing much about Web3 and brings game developers and players closer through decentralization connected together. Yumeide hopes to have 100 games launched on Wemixplay by the end of 2022. In addition to focusing on the development and application of blockchain technology, Yumeide has also made 22 investments in blockchain projects around the world this year.
When talking about the field of blockchain, Yang Cheng not only introduced Lingjing·People's Art Museum, but also put forward suggestions for cooperation with Yumeide. fairy land·The People's Art Museum was officially launched by People's Daily Online in January this year, aiming to provide a digital platform for artists and outstanding works of art, and provide services for digital copyright protection of artworks, digital publishing, digital transformation, digital certification (blockchain), etc. Use digital technology to serve popular art. The digital collection issuance of Lingjing·People's Art Museum will focus on the fields of art, performance, film and television, and public welfare. It will also try to distribute digital collections related to Chinese culture overseas to open up a new path for Chinese culture to go global and explore Chinese culture. New forms of overseas communication have allowed China’s excellent traditional culture to become an important source of literary and artistic innovation with the help of new technological means.
(Lingjing·People's Art Museum is online)
"Legendary" is a familiar IP, whether it is story or character art, etc., there are many areas worthy of development, and "Legendary" IP is also closely related to Lingjing·People's Art The theme of the museum is highly consistent. In the future, Yumeide can authorize Lingjing·People's Art Museum, and then Lingjing·People's Art Museum will digitize the relevant results of the "Legendary" IP, and then develop related derivatives to enrich the platform's work library, and the development of such products At the same time, it can attract more people to pay attention to the story and scenes of the game, and even become new game players, forming a complete chain of mutual promotion. The two parties have also developed more ideas about possible in-depth cooperation, which is also worth looking forward to.
After years of development, China’s domestic game market has risen rapidly, and competition has become increasingly fierce. For Chinese game companies, it is urgent to go global. Over the years, Yumede has also been hoping to use its rich publishing experience to help China's small and medium-sized game companies go global and support more game works to go global. As the company with the most successful blockchain games currently, more than 30 games have been launched on Wemixplay, the Yumeide blockchain game platform. Xu Tingxu hopes that in the future, games developed by Chinese companies will be launched through the Wemixplay platform, making it easier to Enter the global market and embark on a new development path.
Xu Tingxu said that for Yumede, the Chinese game market is the most important market. Yumede has also planned a number of measures to support Chinese game manufacturers, hoping to bring vitality to the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises and maximize the IP value of the game industry. , game operations and other aspects to create new ideas. In addition, Yumede also actively participates in projects that are beneficial to China's social and cultural development and grows together with Chinese companies. Yumede's goal is to become a cooperative body that can coexist and prosper with most Chinese game companies.
(Xu Tingxu, general manager of Beijing Yumeide, visited the development history of People’s Daily)
The "Legend" game has achieved great success in China, with many users and a huge volume. The huge profits brought by the Legend game market have also led to piracy There are endless infringement phenomena. As a game development company, Yumede has always attached great importance to the protection of intellectual property rights. Yumeide has achieved good rights protection results through a multi-pronged approach including prosecution, complaints and reports, and cooperating with local governments. So far, Yumeide has won the case.In more than 20 cases, more than 3,000 legendary infringing games were removed from the shelves.
Xu Tingxu introduced that after obtaining the authorization to maintain the intellectual property rights of the "Legend of Legend" work within mainland China, Beijing Yumeide actively carried out rights protection activities and cooperated with the public security organs and relevant departments to fight against infringements involving the "Legend" game. The behavior was severely punished. From now on, all business related to the "Legend" IP, including rights confirmation and authorization, will be completed by Beijing Yumeide.
The success and value of "Legendary" IP are a reflection of Yumede's R&D strength. Yumede's exploration and practice in the field of blockchain also present more possibilities for the development of games and other industries. I believe People.com We can establish in-depth cooperation with Yumede based on the "Legendary" IP, develop more forms of excellent works, and explore and create new development directions in the cultural field.

④ Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and blockchain government affairs make things easier

"Blockchain + government affairs" will collide What kind of sparks are there? Mawei Xingang Community in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province uses blockchain technology to solve the pain points of government informatization and launches a "blockchain + community certification" application. "This application can easily realize the electronic issuance of certificates required by enterprises and the masses, promote the transformation from 'reduced certificates' to 'no certificates', let data run instead of people running errands, improve service efficiency, and better serve the people. "Ms. Zhu, a citizen of Fuzhou, said.

Provident funds can be transferred and continued in other places

"Post-90s" Chen Jing joined a new company at the end of last year, and her work location changed from Hangzhou, Zhejiang to Chengdu, Sichuan. If you change your workplace, how can you transfer the previously accumulated housing provident fund to a new account? After consultation, Chen Jing learned that by searching for the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet on her mobile phone, she could realize the transfer to other places. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet will be launched online in October 2021. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has built a credible data environment for the operation of the applet by deepening the application of new technologies such as blockchain to ensure that depositors information and financial security. Thanks to blockchain technology, depositors can transfer housing provident fund accounts and funds across cities through mini programs. They no longer need to go to the counter to handle off-site transfers and continuations, greatly shortening the processing time and further facilitating the cross-regional flow of human resources. .

Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and the use of blockchain technology improves the efficiency of government departments and public satisfaction. For example, Beijing’s Haidian District has opened a “Blockchain Zone” on the Haidiantong APP, which can directly apply for public rental housing subsidies and Haidian District’s high-tech talent training subsidy reviewApproval and other matters...With the application of new technologies such as blockchain, many government services have been implemented "online and all-process online".

In addition, Zhuzhou City in Hunan Province has also innovated administrative approval service methods and launched blockchain application scenarios for electronic certificates, effectively improving the level of government data sharing and business collaboration efficiency; Fuzhou City has launched the "Rongcheng on the Chain" plan , exploring the use of blockchain technology in four fields including e-government, financial technology, social governance, and people's livelihood security.

Why does the government field favor blockchain technology? Industry insiders believe that blockchain technology has the characteristics of non-tampering, security, confidentiality and traceability, and is highly suitable for government service needs such as cross-domain data sharing and business collaborative management. Active use of blockchain technology can solve the problem of data sharing in the government service process. to solve problems such as difficulties in business coordination and improve government management services, overall planning and coordination capabilities.

Effectively supporting people’s livelihood services

Related management service platforms based on blockchain in many places in China have been launched frequently: in Jiangsu, the country’s first transfer of idle residential use rights based on blockchain technology The transaction was successfully completed. Relying on the provincial information service platform, the transaction information can be directly uploaded to the "chain" for certificate storage, ensuring that the housing source is credible and the results are traceable; in Zhejiang, the first intellectual property blockchain public certificate storage platform was officially launched, providing data Assets, original designs and other intellectual property rights provide efficient and fast certificate storage services; in Yunnan, the Provincial Market Supervision Administration and the Provincial Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology jointly carry out Yunnan Province’s blockchain underlying chain food traceability work based on domestically produced independent , through blockchain technology, we can promote product source traceability, one-stop code, logistics tracking, responsibility identification and credit evaluation, so that blockchain technology can truly contribute to people's livelihood services.

Hu Kai, a professor at the School of Computer Science at Beihang University, told this reporter that the current blockchain industry applications are mainly divided into four categories: real economy, financial services, social governance and people's livelihood services. The government attaches great importance to guiding blockchain The application of chain in manufacturing, energy, government affairs, education and other fields has been implemented.

Active drive at the policy level has allowed blockchain to continue to advance in industries such as judicial evidence storage and transportation and shipping data sharing. In May, the Supreme People's Court issued the "Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Strengthening the Judicial Application of Blockchain", proposing that by 2025, a blockchain alliance for interoperability and sharing between people's courts and all walks of life should be established to form a relatively complete blockchain judicial system. Field application standard system. In June, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Guidelines for the Construction of an Electronic Platform for Imported Dry Bulk Cargo Entry and Port Business Based on Blockchain" in June, proposing to promote the in-depth integration and development of blockchain technology and the transportation industry.

Let data flow safely and orderly

Hu Kai believes that today, with the rapid development of the digital economy, numbers and data are key elements for future social development, but there are still legal issues behind the data. , interoperability, privacy, security, traceability, storage, transactions and many other complex issues. How to make data flow more securely and orderly? Blockchain technology has broad room for development.

Blockchain technology is accelerating breakthrough applications and playing a role in establishing a trustworthy and secure digital economic order and promoting high-quality economic and social development. The China Academy of Information and Communications Technology released the "Blockchain Infrastructure Research Report (2022)" in July this year, proposing that as the scale of blockchain infrastructure construction continues to expand and operating capabilities continue to increase, blockchain can not only be used in encrypted digital Currency and other scenarios can also be applied in manufacturing, service industries and other fields. Typical application scenarios such as digital collections, data circulation, supply chain finance, and product traceability have emerged.

⑤ How blockchain technology can transform electronic data into legal and effective electronic evidence

With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, a large amount of evidence in litigation is gradually stored in electronic data Presented in the form of evidence, with the help of blockchain technology, in judicial practice, how to overcome the natural defects of electronic data that are "difficult to obtain evidence, easy to lose, and easy to forge" and ensure that it can be used as evidence in court?
Blockchain is based on technical features such as multi-party consensus, non-tampering, transparency and traceability, which can effectively solve the problems of electronic evidence such as "large quantity, scattered evidence, difficulty in obtaining evidence, easy to be tampered, and difficult to identify", and realize "electronic data "Transforming to "legal and effective electronic evidence" will facilitate the identification of electronic data evidence and improve litigation efficiency in the field of judicial evidence storage.
On September 3, 2018, the Supreme People's Court issued the "Regulations on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Cases by Internet Courts", which for the first time determined that on-chain data can be used as a basis for judicial admission.
On May 18, 2021, the Supreme People's Court issued the "People's Court Online Litigation Rules" and came into effect on August 1. For the first time, it stipulated the scope of effectiveness of blockchain storage and clarified the scope of blockchain storage. After the data is uploaded to the chain, it is presumed to be valid without tampering. At the same time, the authenticity review rules for blockchain storage data after and before they are uploaded to the chain have been established.
This not only promotes the integration of blockchain technology and litigation rules, but also opens up the development path of the blockchain judicial model.
Yibaoquan is one of the first companies to register for blockchain information services through the Cyberspace Administration of China. It uses self-developed security chain technology to build a consortium chain, and combines blockchain with justice to build a data storage system. The notarization system can well solve the credibility problem of the entire chain of electronic data from generation and storage to notarization and proof:
When uploading to the chain, blockchain technology is used to store the data in advance with multiple parties. , to ensure the originality and integrity of the evidence-stored data; after being uploaded to the chain, the data is synchronized with each node on the alliance chain for backup and retention, ensuring the credibility and security of the data; during litigation, the evidence can be verified at multiple judicial nodes , extraction, and relevant judicial documents can also be issued online, effectively improving the efficiency of rights protection.

⑥ What is the use of blockchain and what can it do?

Let me tell you briefly and crudely what blockchain is and what it can do?

What is blockchain? How does it work?

Bitcoin has become the trend of the modern Internet - and with it, blockchain. People say blockchain technology will lead to fundamental changes in how the internet works, how businesses work, and everything else.

But what is blockchain? Most of us don’t know much about blockchain. If you want to understand blockchain, you can read this article carefully.

What is blockchain? The editor will give a simple answer explanation

In the simplest terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger.

To understand what this means, we first have to look at its opposite: a centralized ledger. Because blockchain technology started with finance, we will also introduce it below using banks as an example.

The following is our process for using bank debit card transactions:

You can swipe your card to purchase goods in stores.

The merchant sends a statement to your bank for the agreed upon amount.

Your bank will verify that you may have authorized the purchase.

The bank sends the money to the merchant.

Finally, the bank records this information in its ledger.

There’s a lot of technology involved here, but that’s basically it. The last step is important - the bank records all transactions made by the customer. This ledger goes all the way back to the first transaction the bank made.

This ledger is kept, maintained and regulated by the bank. You can read it in your online bank account, but you can't change it. The bank has complete control. If it decides to make a change, there's nothing you can do about it.

Crucially, if hackers were able to access a bank’s ledger, that could cause a lot of problems. They can change the account balance to make it look like certain transactions never occurred, etc.

This is why distributed ledgers are so cool.

Blockchain Network Visualization

If a bank operates on a distributed ledger, each member of the bank will have a copy of the ledger, and whenever any member of the bank When they make a purchase, they tell every other member of the bank.

Each member will validate the transaction and add it to the ledger (the added records are called "blocks"). This has some important benefits, as there is no centralized authority that can manipulate records. Hackers accessing one ledger won't be a big problem because other ledgers can easily verify it.

On the other hand, it requires a lot of work. In short, the second system is blockchain (at least in financial scenarios).

As mentioned above, blockchain is a decentralized transaction clearingone. If I send Xiao Ming 2 Bitcoins, I send a message to everyone in the network saying "I am sending Xiao Ming 2 Bitcoins" and they all record the transaction.

Bitcoin and Blockchain

Let’s take Bitcoin as an example

Bitcoin transactions

But the transaction must be verified. This is where blockchain technology gets a little complicated. Every Bitcoin wallet (we'll do that in a second) has a public key and a private key.

You use your private key to send transaction requests to other members of the network and confirm that you have cryptocurrency in your account. If they do so, they allow transactions to be registered on the ledger.

The mechanics of a public/private key system are complex, but what it boils down to is that every transaction is verifiable and secure.

However, the entire system is computationally expensive. Everyone who updates the ledger needs to have a lot of authority to verify transactions and modify the ledger. This is where mining comes in. Those who verify and modify use their own computing resources, and they receive a small transaction fee each time.

And they are using a lot of electricity to do it.

This way, every transaction is verified and added to the ledger, and the person who verified and modified it gets paid. This is a reasonable system.

At the same time, it is also very safe. To change a single block, you must change every block after it. After all this work is done, verification will fail because other copies of the chain will show that someone tampered with one.

How to define blockchain is a difficult question

While the mechanisms behind blockchain technology are not always intuitive, it seems that explaining what blockchain is Not too difficult. But what we describe here is just the traditional definition.

We can use this special type of blockchain for a wide range of applications; such as cryptocurrency, sharing medical information, sending secure messages, etc. But more blockchain-like technologies are being developed for other uses.

For example, a company might use an internal blockchain to manage issue tracking in software. Each block on the chain may represent an issue, and users can publish updates to the network. But is this blockchain? In this case, the ledger is not public, it is only visible within the company.

Some people would say this is not blockchain.

Other technologies like blockchain are not encrypted. Are they still blockchain? What if it was centrally managed but used other blockchain features? What defines the lowest level of blockchain technology? There is currently no consensus on these issues.

What is a blockchain wallet?

We usually hear peopleTalking about Bitcoin wallets, Ethereum wallets, and other cryptocurrency-specific wallets. But wallet technology can be used in any system that uses blockchain.

A wallet is a piece of software or hardware that “holds” your cryptocurrency. But it doesn't actually hold anything, it's just a place to store the public and private keys. This information allows you to access the currency as shown on the public ledger.

The wallet is the only record of your keys. Therefore, if you lose it, you will no longer have access to your cryptocurrency.

The future of blockchain, how will it change our lives?

One thing that is important about blockchain is that it is a public resource and no one really owns it because everyone owns it.

Blockchain is not just science fiction. We don’t need to understand the mechanism behind this technology, but you do need to understand that it may completely change our lives in the next 20 years.

This may sound bold, but remember, 20 years ago we were browsing the Internet on Netscape, using state-of-the-art Motorola flip phones, and buying our first DVD players. At that time, if we imagined that a computer could be held in our hands and that we could buy cars, make payments, and watch movies, it would have been considered a fantasy.

Although the impact of blockchain may not be as obvious as the Internet, nor as tangible as mobile phones, blockchain will effectively solve many worries in daily life. Such as intermediaries cheating people, transaction delays, etc. In our current lives, middlemen are everywhere and we take them for granted as a part of life. If one day these intermediaries cease to exist, you will find that the world will become a different place.

Imagine that by 2040, blockchain may become a mature and widely used technology. When one day you are inseparable from the blockchain just like you are inseparable from the Internet now, you will be surprised to find that this decentralized accounting technology has simplified the complexity and become part of your lifestyle.

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⑦ How to apply blockchain technology to actual scenarios

Recently, the Central Cyberspace Administration and the Central Publicity 18 departments and units including the Ministry of Finance and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the "Notice on Organizing the Application for Blockchain Innovation Application Pilot" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), announcing that it will be implemented in the four major areas of real economy, social governance, people's livelihood services, and financial technology. Organize and carry out national blockchain innovative application pilot actions in 16 categories.
The "Notice" clarifies that by the end of 2023, a number of replicable and generalizable typical cases and practice experiences of blockchain innovative applications will be formed to further leverage the role of blockchain in promoting data sharing, optimizing business processes, and reducing operating costs. , improve collaborative efficiency, build a trustworthy system, etc., and help build a network power and digital China.
Blockchain as a digital economyproduct of the past. Since the 18th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on October 24, 2019, it was emphasized that “blockchain should be used as a core technology and an important breakthrough for independent innovation to accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation.” In the past two years, my country's blockchain industry has ushered in rapid development.
Ebaoquan is one of the first domestic companies to maturely apply blockchain technology to various industrial fields. It is also one of the 2018 Industrial Internet (the only blockchain) demonstration project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the 2019 National Cyberspace Administration of China (first batch). A blockchain registered enterprise, it was selected as a typical enterprise for China’s blockchain technology innovation in 2019 and 2020 and won the second prize for innovative application in the 2020 Global Blockchain Competition. Its blockchain qualifications and strength are highly recognized.
Since 2014, Yibaoquan has been deeply involved in the research and development and application innovation of the underlying technology of blockchain, pioneering the "blockchain + judicial + application" model and launching the "preservation chain" in the field of electronic data storage. , "Junzizi" in the field of electronic signing, "Zhongzhengbao" in the field of Internet justice, "Micro Copyright" in the field of intellectual property protection and many other well-known brands.
Based on the underlying technology of blockchain and combined with independent invention patents, Yibaoquan has established an alliance blockchain "Preservation Chain Open Platform" in conjunction with notary offices, judicial appraisal institutes, arbitration committees, courts, copyright protection centers, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other authoritative institutions. , to ensure that electronic data will be synchronously stored on the blockchain to 20+ authoritative organization nodes as soon as it is generated, and the content will be solidified instantly. This ensures that every node on the chain can realize real-time interoperability of data information, and the stored data cannot be tampered with.

⑧ How to apply blockchain technology in the e-commerce field

There is already such an application in the world, called g‏ojo‏y. The prospect is very optimistic, and consumption is the mining mode. Stimulate consumers to go shopping in this mall. Consumption is investment. Anyway, you will buy wherever you buy. There are also digital assets that can be mined here. The digital assets mined have room for appreciation and can be held or exchanged for money. I only learned about this after listening to the Blockchain Business Revolution on Qianchao. There is a lot of related content in it!