云计算和区块链的概念区别是什么,云计算和区块链的概念区别和联系

最近，云计算和区块链的概念受到了越来越多的关注。这两个概念有很多相似之处，但也有很多不同之处。今天，我们就来聊聊云计算和区块链的概念区别和联系。

首先，让我们来看看云计算和区块链的定义。云计算是一种利用互联网技术，将计算服务从本地移动到远程服务器上的技术，是一种网络技术。而区块链是一种分布式数据库，采用密码学技术和共识机制，将数据存储在多个节点中，使数据不可篡改，实现数据的安全存储和共享。

其次，让我们来看看云计算和区块链的不同之处。云计算基于客户端/服务器架构，它的核心是服务器，而区块链是一种分布式系统，每个节点都是一个等价的服务器，它们之间通过P2P网络进行通信，没有中心化的控制。此外，云计算是一种基于共享计算资源的技术，而区块链是一种基于共享数据的技术。

最后，让我们来看看云计算和区块链的联系。云计算和区块链都是分布式系统，它们都可以解决数据安全和隐私保护的问题。此外，它们都可以提高系统的可用性，提高系统的安全性，减少系统的运行成本，提高系统的可靠性和可扩展性。

总之，云计算和区块链都是分布式系统，它们有很多相似之处，但也有很多不同之处。它们都可以解决数据安全和隐私保护的问题，提高系统的可用性，提高系统的安全性，减少系统的运行成本，提高系统的可靠性和可扩展性。

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⑴ What is the concept of blockchain

Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology.

Essentially, it is a shared database. The data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "full traces left", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained". . Based on these characteristics, blockchain technology has laid a solid foundation of "trust" and created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism, which has broad application prospects.

On December 2, 2019, the word was selected into the top ten buzzwords of 2019 by "Biwenqiezi".

Related to blockchain financial applications:

Since 2016, major financial giants have also taken notice and launched blockchain innovation projects to explore the application of blockchain in various financial scenarios. Possibility of applying blockchain technology. In particular, Puyin Group took the lead in pioneering the “blockchain”-based digital currency.

The standard digital currency is an asset that has been identified, evaluated, confirmed, insured, etc. by a third-party organization and written into the blockchain through a rigorous digital algorithm to form a link between the asset and the digital currency. The standard correspondence relationship is called a standard digital currency.

In order to realize the great leap forward development of blockchain finance, in order to promote the new development of China's economy, accelerate the circulation of global assets, and realize the dream of rejuvenation that generations have been striving for, Puyin Group will On December 9, the Puyin Blockchain Finance Guiyang Strategy Release Ceremony was held in Guizhou.

The meeting will discuss the digital circulation of assets through blockchain, the blockchain financial transaction model, and the application of blockchain services and social public industries. This conference will mark the beginning of the application of blockchain finance and the transformation and development of a new financial ecosystem.

⑵ Understand the relationship between blockchain and big data, cloud computing, and Bitcoin

Blockchain is an tamper-proof, full-history database storage technology, a huge The block data collection contains the entire history of each transaction. With the rapid development of blockchain applications, the data scale will become larger and larger. Different business scenarios make the data integration of blockchain further expand the scale and enrichment of data. sex. However, what the blockchain provides is the integrity of the ledger, and the ability of data statistical analysis is relatively weak. Big data has massive data storage technology and flexible and efficient analysis technology, which will greatly enhance the value and use space of blockchain data.
Digital currency is a form of expression represented by blockchain 1.0, mainly Bitcoin; as a virtual currency system, the total amount of Bitcoin is limited by the network consensus agreement, and no individual or institution can Changes and modifications to the supply and transaction records, so after the Bitcoin network has been successfully running for many years, the blockchain, as the underlying technology that supports the operation of Bitcoin, is essentially an extremely clever distributed shared ledger and peer-to-peer value transmission technology. It will have a very large potential impact on finance and even all walks of life.
Blockchain and cloud computing, research on blockchain technologyIn terms of development and testing, multiple systems are involved. Time and capital costs will hinder the breakthrough of blockchain technology. Software development based on blockchain technology is still a high-threshold job. Cloud computing services have resource elasticity and rapid adjustment. The characteristics of low cost and high reliability can help small and medium-sized enterprises develop and deploy blockchain quickly and at low cost. The integration of the two technologies will accelerate the maturity of blockchain technology and promote the rapid expansion of blockchain into the financial industry.

⑶ What is the concept of blockchain

Concept: Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.

The essence of the blockchain is a distributed public ledger. Anyone can verify this ledger, but no single user can control it. Participants in a blockchain system jointly maintain a ledger: it can only be modified according to strict rules and consensus.

The development of blockchain has gone through three stages:

1. Incubation period: 2009-2012, the economic form was dominated by Bitcoin and its industrial ecology.

2. Embryonic period: The period is from 2012 to 2015. Blockchain entered the public eye with Bitcoin, new wallet payment and remittance companies appeared, and the blockchain economy spread to the financial field. The underlying technology of blockchain continues to innovate. Blockchain technology is divorced from the Bitcoin system.

3. Development period: In 2016, industry applications began to be explored, and a large number of blockchain startups emerged. The popularity of ICO in 2017 brought unprecedented attention to blockchain.

(3) Extended reading on the conceptual differences between cloud computing and blockchain:

Three characteristics of three blockchains:

< p>1. The core idea of ​​blockchain is decentralization: in the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any nodes are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote with computing power, thus ensuring The recognized result is the result recognized by more than half of the nodes. Even if it suffers a severe hacker attack, as long as the number of nodes controlled by the hacker does not exceed half of the total number of global nodes, the system will still be able to operate normally and the data will not be tampered with.

2. The biggest disruption of blockchain lies in the establishment of credit: in theory, blockchain technology can make WeChat Pay and Alipay no longer valuable. The Economist made a vivid metaphor for blockchain: simply put, it is “a machine that creates trust.” Blockchain allows people to collaborate without trusting each other and without a neutral central authority. Combating counterfeit currency and financial fraud will no longer be needed in the future.

3. The collective maintenance of blockchain can reduce costs: In a centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system rely on the operation, maintenance and operation of platforms such as data centers, and costs cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. While participating in the recording, each node also verifies the correctness of the recording results of other nodes, which improves maintenance efficiency and reduces costs..

In one sentence, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental foundations on which human beings rely for survival.

⑷ What is the relationship between blockchain and cloud computing and cloud storage? Is blockchain cloud computing or cloud storage?

Cloud computing storage can be used as the lower layer of blockchain. Cloud computing or cloud storage is infrastructure, which can be understood as a new generation of computers (or hard drives), while blockchain can be seen as a business-oriented accounting system (or a trusted database).

⑸ What is cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain, 5G, lPV9

The emergence of cloud computing

Since cloud computing is such a A hot concept, so what exactly is cloud computing? Throughout the history of the development of computers and the Internet, any new technology that can develop rapidly will definitely change people's lifestyles or have a great impact on people's lives. Such as the emergence of smartphones and tablet computers, etc.?

The development of cloud computing

In recent years, cloud computing has gradually subverted the deployment model of the traditional IT industry with its advantages of flexible configuration, high resource utilization and cost saving. 2018 is a turning point for China's cloud computing industry. Policy + industry + capital resonate in all directions. The demand for the cloud computing industry has entered a period of accelerated growth. The performance growth of listed companies related to the cloud computing industry has further increased. Major institutions have also expressed optimism about the market outlook. . So is cloud computing safe?

Cloud computing service model

It is widely believed that because the cloud is maintained by service providers who help others manage data storage, it is more vulnerable to threats . In fact, the main advantages of cloud computing services are remediation and security monitoring, which have been proven to be a good deterrent against data leaks and information theft. In addition, cloud security firewalls can protect both internal and external network security. By creating an extra layer of security, external networks are protected from malware that users may inadvertently download. Likewise, firewalls also prevent internal networks from being compromised in the event of external threats.

Also understand the service model of cloud computing. SPI service model of cloud computing, public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud.

According to the different scope of user objects of cloud computing services, cloud computing deployment models are divided into: public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.

Public cloud is available to anyone on the Internet. Any user can sign up to use public clouds (such as Microsoft Windows Azure) without requiring heavy investment and a lengthy construction process. Since applications and data are not stored in users’ own data centers, users have certain concerns about security, privacy and other issues.concerns, especially for large enterprises and government departments. The availability of public cloud is not controlled by users and there is a certain degree of uncertainty.

A private cloud is a proprietary cloud environment that only provides cloud services to a limited number of users. A private cloud is usually located in your own data center behind a firewall and provides services to the enterprise's internal network. The advantage is that data security, system availability, etc. can be controlled by yourself. A large amount of upfront investment (data center), small scale, a way for organizations to apply cloud computing related technologies to improve the efficiency of their own information services.

Hybrid cloud uses both public and private cloud services.

The main characteristics of cloud computing include dynamic resource allocation, automated demand, network-centeredness, and quantifiable services. Resource allocation automation is to dynamically divide or release different physical and virtual resources according to consumer needs. When a demand is added, available resources can be added to match it to achieve rapid and elastic provision of resources; if the user no longer uses these resources , these resources can be released. The capabilities provided by cloud computing to customers are unlimited and enable scalability of IT resource utilization.

⑹ Cloud computing and blockchain

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Before understanding the specific relationship between cloud computing and blockchain, we need to Do you know what blockchain is?

We might as well first use an example to gradually understand the blockchain. It is said that in a village lacking trust, the old village chief invented a new accounting method in order to prevent villagers from denying each other when borrowing money from each other: if Zhang San borrowed 100 yuan from Li Si, the village loudspeaker would Announce the news to the whole village. The villagers each have an account book in their hands. At this time, they will separately write down "Zhang San borrowed 100 yuan from Li Si at such and such a time." It would be useless if Zhang San wanted to deny it when the time came to repay the loan, because this record was written in the account books of other people in the village. This is the prototype of blockchain.

With the above cases, it is not difficult to understand the meaning of blockchain when we describe it. Blockchain refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. Take accounting as an example. There is no central ledger in the blockchain. Everyone has the opportunity to participate in accounting. Everyone is the center, and everyone in the system has a ledger. With the above foreshadowing, let’s get down to business.

With the widespread application of cloud services, the impact of cloud service provider equipment failures is increasing. Almost all centralized cloud service providers have experienced failures or even data loss. So, is it possible to cure this problem? A simple idea is "don't put all your eggs in one basket". A more professional one is "distributed cloud computing + blockchain".

Before the birth of blockchain technology, many cloud computing manufacturers used distributed cloud computing to solve the problems of centralized cloud computing.Disadvantages. Distributed cloud computing studies how to divide a problem that requires very large computing power into many small parts, and then allocate these small parts to many computers for processing, and finally combine these computer results to obtain the final result.

"Cloud computing + blockchain" is called BaaS, which means Blockchain Technology as a service, which translates to Blockchain as a Service. At present, many Internet giants have announced the launch of BaaS business. IBM announced the launch of a blockchain service platform in February 2016, where developers can access fully integrated development and operation tools for creating, deploying, running and monitoring blockchain applications on the IBM cloud. As a pioneer in the successful implementation of "distributed cloud computing and blockchain" in China, Xunlei has now achieved the combination of distributed cloud computing and blockchain technology.

⑺ How are blockchain and cloud computing related?

Blockchain is an intelligent peer-to-peer network that identifies, disseminates and records information in distributed databases, also known as value internet.

Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing method in which shared software and hardware resources and information can be provided to various computer terminals and other devices on demand.
It can be seen that blockchain is more inclined to the identification, dissemination and recording of information, while the latter is only a calculation method based on shared hardware or information.
In the future, blockchain and cloud computing can be combined.

⑻ What is blockchain

What is blockchain

What is blockchain? Many people have no idea what blockchain is. It is not very clear, and some people have even never heard of it. In fact, blockchain is a common one. I have compiled relevant information about what blockchain is for everyone.

What is blockchain 1

Speaking of blockchain, we have to mention its twin brother-Bitcoin.

Time goes back to 11 years ago. On November 1, 2008, the world was shrouded in the huge shadow of the financial crisis. That day, a mysterious geek who called himself "Satoshi Nakamoto" sent a group email.

Attached to the email is a paper titled: "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System."

Satoshi Nakamoto said in the email that he is working on a new electronic cash system that is completely peer-to-peer and does not require any trusted third party. About half a month later, Satoshi Nakamoto released the source code of the Bitcoin system non-stop.

On January 3, 2009, an interesting invention turned out. Satoshi Nakamoto generated the first Bitcoin block on the server, which is the so-called "Bitcoin genesis block". Since then, the Bitcoin system has officially opened.

Having said that, you might as well stop and think about it.How to conduct cash transactions in real life.

Suppose you borrow 10,000 yuan from a friend and promise to pay it back in one month. You may choose to repay the loan by bank card transfer. The bank is responsible for deducting 10,000 yuan from your deposit account and adding 10,000 yuan to your friend's deposit account.

Here, the bank is the institution responsible for keeping accounts. The underlying reason why you choose bank transfer is that you believe it is more reliable and will help you transfer 10,000 yuan to a friend.

However, in the digital world, inventing a currency is another matter.

The hero behind the Bitcoin game

First of all, Satoshi Nakamoto hopes to conduct peer-to-peer direct transactions, bypassing the third party of the bank. This problem is easy to solve. Then there will be no banks. Users will issue their own currencies through a unique mechanism and trade directly with each other.

But this brings another problem. There is no bank as a reliable intermediary responsible for accounting, and users do not know each other. How to ensure that no one cheats during transactions?

For example, in the digital world, electronic files can be easily copied. 10 yuan of digital currency turns into 100 yuan by copying and pasting it with the mouse 10 times. Isn’t it a mess?

To solve this problem, we need to provide a mechanism for everyone to trust each other.

The method adopted by the Bitcoin system is to record all transaction processes openly and transparently in chronological order. These records are permanent and cannot be tampered with. This way you won't be able to do anything sneaky.

With these mechanisms, the Bitcoin system operates successfully.

This system stores data in units of data blocks, which are blocks. Approximately every 10 minutes, new blocks will be added. Each block records the detailed transaction process of Bitcoin and is timestamped. Different blocks are connected in chronological order through a certain algorithm, which is a chain.

Together, they are called "Blockchain".

In this way, the blockchain took root with the birth of Bitcoin. If Bitcoin is the star in front of the spotlight, blockchain is the hero behind the scenes responsible for providing a trust mechanism in the underlying technology.

Brand new changes in accounting methods

Although behind the scenes, the talent of blockchain was quickly discovered.

In technical terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger technology. To understand it, let’s take the simplest example.

Suppose your family keeps accounts like this: you, your father, and your mother each have an account book. You each record your own expenses, and at the end of each month, you tally the total household expenses together.

But dad likes to buy cigarettes, mom likes to stock up on cosmetics, and you like to buy snacks. You may both forget a few items intentionally or unintentionally, and sometimes you will miss it.Alterations in the ledger. Therefore, when checking the accounts at the end of the month, there is always a discrepancy with the actual expenditure of the family.

In order to change this situation, you bought a new account book. You, your father, and your mother jointly use a new account book to keep accounts, remind and supervise each other, and check every expense together.

At the same time, you also agreed that once the expenses are clearly recorded, no alteration or deletion is allowed. After trying it for a few months, you found that this joint ledger matched the actual expenses of the family much more closely.

Blockchain is the second accounting method. The little story above tells us that it has at least these major features or benefits.

First of all, it is decentralized. The database that was previously maintained by one party has become jointly maintained by multiple parties. Everyone writes data together based on consensus, and no one can control the data alone.

Secondly, it allows everyone to change from keeping separate accounts to joint accounting, which brings consistency and openness and transparency to the data.

In addition, the blockchain only allows data to be written, not deletion or modification, which prevents data from being secretly tampered with.

Mutual trust between strangers

In reality, many scenarios are much more complicated than how to keep accounts at home. Moreover, many aspects of financial transactions and business processing are mostly operated by strangers. How can we make everyone trust each other?

It’s blockchain’s turn to show its talents. Don’t forget, it can provide a mechanism for everyone to trust each other from the underlying technology.

For example, when you usually go to the wet market to buy things, you may worry about whether fish, shrimp, and vegetables are safe. Some companies see business opportunities and move the data of farmers and fish ponds to the blockchain. In this way, you will know which fish pond the fish you buy comes from, and you will feel more confident when eating.

For another example, links to fundraising for seriously ill patients often appear in Moments. When making a donation, you may have some concerns: Is the patient's condition real? Can donations really be delivered to patients?

In order to eliminate these concerns, some Internet charity organizations use blockchain to allow you to clearly view the steps for using your donation. If the review finds that the patient's condition is not true, the blockchain system will automatically return the donation to your account.

In the future, what changes can blockchain bring to our lives?

It is conceivable that when blockchain is widely used in various fields of society, it will become an important infrastructure in the information age and can solve many of the headaches that currently cause us.

For example, blockchain will allow countless islands of information to be "chained" together. When seeing a doctor, there is no need to repeat the examination just because you change hospitals. Entrepreneurs do not have to go to multiple departments to go through a procedure; many transactions no longer need to be done. Third-party guarantees are required, consumers no longer have to worry about non-refundable deposits, and creators don’t have to worry about their works being stolen but getting nothing...

What is blockchain 2

Explained from an academic perspective, Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. Blockchain is essentially a decentralized database.

Many people still don’t understand this explanation, so let me make a simple metaphor.

Hypothetical situation: Suppose you have a ledger at home and you are asked to keep accounts. In the past, your parents gave you your salary and asked you to record it in your account book. If you are greedy and want to buy something delicious in the meantime, the record in the ledger may be less than ten yuan.

This is just an example. I believe that when we were children, everyone probably wanted to take some money from their parents’ pockets to spend.

Ways to use blockchain to solve problems:

If you use the whole family mobilization method to keep accounts, the above-mentioned problems will not exist, because you are keeping accounts, and your father They are also keeping accounts, and your mother is also keeping accounts. They can all see the general ledger. You can't change it, and neither can your parents. So your father who wants to buy cigarettes and you who want to eat have nothing to do.

Functional "blockchain"

It can not only record every transaction, but also can be programmed to record almost everything of value to mankind. Things: birth and death certificates, marriage licenses, title deeds, degrees, financial accounts, medical history, insurance claims, ballots, food sources, and anything else that can be represented by a code.

Each block is like a hard disk, which saves all the above information and then encrypts it through cryptography technology. The saved information cannot be tampered with.

Every 10 minutes, the blockchain system will check all data generated during the period (such as transaction records and records of when the block was edited or created, etc.) and store these data in a new area. On the block, this block will be connected with the previous block to form a chain. Each block must contain relevant information from the previous block to be effective.

Characteristics of blockchain

1. Exceptionally safe:

Unlike centralized databases owned by companies or government agencies, blockchain is not controlled by anyone. or entity's control, data is replicated (distributed) in its entirety across multiple computers.

Unlike centralized databases, there is no single entry point for attackers, and data security is more guaranteed.

2. Non-tamperability:

Once entered into the blockchain, no information can be changed, and even the administrator cannot modify this information.

Once something appears, it cannot be changed. This attribute is of great significance to the changeable and ever-changing online world that humans currently live in.

3. Accessible:

All nodes in the network can easily access information.

4. No third party:

BecauseDue to the decentralization of blockchain, it facilitates peer-to-peer transactions, so whether you are trading or exchanging funds, there is no need for approval from a third party.

Blockchain itself is a platform.

Blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Currently, each is keeping its own account.

Since there is no centralized intermediary agency, letting everything run automatically through preset programs can not only greatly reduce costs, but also improve efficiency. And since everyone has the same ledger, it can ensure that the ledger recording process is open and transparent.

Blockchain technology is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Without the operation and management of any centralized organization, Bitcoin has been running very stably for many years without any problems, so some people have noticed its The underlying technology abstracts the Bitcoin technology and calls it blockchain technology, or distributed ledger technology.

According to a report released by Santander, Spain's largest bank, if all banks around the world use blockchain technology internally around 2020, they will save approximately US$20 billion in costs per year. Such data is enough to illustrate the tremendous changes and breakthroughs that "blockchain" has brought to the traditional financial field.

Cloud computing is usually defined as providing dynamic, easily scalable and often virtualized resources through the Internet, but it is often a centralized organization that provides a cloud computing platform. The network composed of blockchain generally does not have a specific organization, so blockchain is closer to the definition of a distributed computing system and is a type of distributed computing.

The future development and application scenarios of blockchain

1. Digital identity

Many people will encounter "prove that my mother is me" when applying for various certificates. "Mom" dilemma, with blockchain, you no longer have to worry about it.

It turns out that our birth certificates, real estate certificates, marriage certificates, etc. need a central node for everyone to recognize them. Once cross-border, contracts and certificates may become invalid because of the lack of a global central node.

The non-tamperable nature of blockchain technology has fundamentally changed this situation. Our birth certificates, real estate certificates, and marriage certificates can all be notarized on the blockchain and become things trusted by the world. , of course, it can also easily prove "my mother is my mother".

2. Health care

Simply put, it is to use the blockchain to establish a universal record repository with timestamps, so that different databases can extract data information.

For example, when you go to see a doctor, you don’t have to change hospitals for repeated examinations, and you don’t have to worry about reimbursement for medical insurance, which can save time and expenses.

3. Travel consumption

For example, we often use apps such as Ctrip and Meituan to find and place orders for hotels and other services., each platform gets commission from it.

The application of blockchain is to remove middlemen and create a secure, decentralized way for service providers and customers to connect and trade directly.

4. More convenient transactions

Blockchain can make payments and transactions more efficient and convenient. The blockchain platform allows users to create smart contracts that become active when certain conditions are met, meaning that automatic payments can be released when both parties to a transaction agree that their conditions are met.

5. Strictly control product quality

If you buy an apple, with blockchain technology, you can know the entire process from the production of the fruit farmer to the circulation link. Among them are government regulatory information, professional testing data, enterprise quality inspection data, etc. A smart supply chain will make the food we eat and the products we use every day safer and give us more peace of mind.

6. Property rights protection art

The creator puts his work on the blockchain, and if someone uses his work, he can immediately Know. Corresponding royalties are also automatically paid to the creator.

Blockchain technology not only protects copyright, but also helps creators sell their works to consumers better and more directly, without the need for the assistance of distribution companies.

What is blockchain 3

Advantages of blockchain

Decentralized, it does not require the intervention of a third party and enables point-to-point transactions, coordination and collaboration. Because the data is distributed in various nodes through algorithms and has a unique verification mechanism, no one organization or individual can control the global data. Since it is distributed in various nodes, any node stopping work will not affect the entire system. Operation, this decentralized network will greatly improve data security. The data in the system is jointly maintained by various nodes with maintenance functions.

Openness. In addition to the private information of all parties being encrypted, the blockchain data is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain through the public interface. Data and development related applications, so the entire system information is highly transparent.

Where does blockchain come in?

Blockchain is an open, transparent, decentralized and secure technology. This technological revolution is applied to the Internet. For data-sensitive fields such as medical care, public opinion supervision, and ecological testing, it can prevent data from being tampered with and ensure the authenticity of the data.

In short, blockchain is not just a method of virtual currency, its advantages will play an important role in many industry fields

⑼ Linux learning materials: Blockchain What is the relationship with cloud computing?

After years of development, cloud computing has become a very mature technology. This is how experts define cloud computing: Cloud computing isA pay-per-use model that provides available, convenient, on-demand network access into a configurable shared pool of computing resources (resources include networks, servers, storage, application software, and services). These resources Can be provisioned quickly with minimal administrative effort or interaction with the service provider.
The concept of blockchain is relatively simple. It is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Its essence can be understood as distributed ledgers and smart contracts. If it is simpler, the blockchain is equivalent to a protocol like HTTP, which is used for value exchange and value transfer.
After understanding the definitions of the two, you will find that from a definition point of view, there is no connection between the two. But in fact, blockchain, as a resource with on-demand attack requirements, can be understood as part of cloud computing. So in general, although the two are very different, they can be integrated with each other. I believe that better technologies will be born.