区块链中心建设,区块链装修公司

随着区块链技术的不断发展，区块链中心的建设也变得越来越重要。区块链中心的建设不仅可以提供技术支持，还可以提供安全可靠的环境，为企业的区块链技术应用提供支持。

首先，区块链中心的建设需要考虑到技术支持的问题。企业在建设区块链中心时，需要考虑技术支持的问题，需要选择合适的技术解决方案，以满足企业在区块链技术方面的需求。同时，企业还需要考虑到安全性的问题，确保区块链中心的安全可靠。

其次，企业在建设区块链中心时，需要考虑装修的问题。企业可以选择专业的区块链装修公司，以满足企业的装修需求。这些公司可以为企业提供专业的装修服务，以确保区块链中心的装修质量。

最后，企业在建设区块链中心时，还需要考虑管理的问题。企业可以选择专业的区块链管理公司，以满足企业的管理需求。这些公司可以为企业提供专业的管理服务，以确保区块链中心的管理质量。

总之，区块链中心的建设需要考虑到技术支持、安全性、装修和管理等问题，以确保企业在区块链技术应用方面的需求得到满足。企业可以选择专业的区块链装修公司和管理公司，以确保区块链中心的建设质量。

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㈠ Which countries have already invested blockchain technology in urban construction

Brazil, the United Kingdom, the United States, China, etc., Xiongan, a smart city, has many applications of blockchain technology Chain technology, Babbitt Golden Finance Zhiqu Chain and other platforms have many cases of blockchain information application. Zhiqu Chain starts from the heart

㈡ How blockchain empowers new infrastructure

Blockchain technology has been officially incorporated into the new infrastructure-information infrastructure sector. It should be said that there is still a long way to go some way to go. The new infrastructure is based on the development of new elements and will bring about great connectivity and integration. As an important national development and construction action, the current "new infrastructure" will not be shaken in its public, open and shared attributes. Our blockchain entrepreneurial application actions, on the premise of adhering to the technical spirit of "decentralization, detrust...", are pursuing scenario applications and scenario implementation as much as possible. Through the successful application of more precise "small scenarios", the promotion of blockchain technology can play a temporary positive role in promoting it. But half a year or a year later, or a little longer, everyone will have a blockchain. Unfortunately, the chains are not connected, and the values ​​cannot be trusted, integrated and guided... and new rules and mechanisms need to be designed to achieve mutual trust and integration. This situation Once it occurs, we are very likely to face a crisis that will collapse our faith in blockchain technology. Blockchain also needs its own new infrastructure. It may be one or several public chains that are supervised by core departments and designed based on industry value certification and value circulation procedure rules promulgated by industry associations. They are mainly used to solve Later, the issues of blockchain value mutual trust and value integration. The current very bad situation is that the infrastructure has been made open, public, and shared by the public, but it has been separated from what I think is the most core part - inclusiveness. The existing “new infrastructure” is still far from inclusive. At present, many places in China, including some small and medium-sized cities and rural areas, not only have high costs for using "new infrastructure", but also have poor service effects of "new infrastructure" facilities.

But as time goes by and the country continues to invest, the future development potential is still very large!

㈢ What are the leading digital currency stocks?

As of August 26, 2020, the leading digital currency stocks include: China National Engineering Construction, Netac Technology, Zhongke Technology Ying Internet, Golden Crown Shares, Julong Shares, Zhidu Shares, Keda Shares, Hanwei Technology, Omar Electric, Mosaic Culture, Feitian Integrity, Hailian Jinhui, Hengbao Shares, Yuyin Shares, Huali Chuangtong, Yinjiang Co., Ltd., Information Development, Kunlun Wanwei, Liao Interactive, Jingu Co., Ltd., National Technology, Guangdong Junya, Yuanguang Software, Zhejiang Digital Culture, Sifang Jingchuang, Digital Certification, Handing Yuyou, Radio and Television Express, Huijin Co., Ltd. , Hanye Co., Ltd., Covid, and Felix.
Description of some leading stocks:
1. Julong Co., Ltd. (300202) hopes to use its brand advantages, channel advantages, and service advantages in the field of financial institutions to provide good services for the issuance and promotion of my country’s digital currency.
2. Radio and Television Express (002152) in ATThe module on M supports currency swaps between digital currency and bank accounts. China Radio and Television Express has upgraded modules for 300,000 bank smart devices and 1 million existing terminals. Digital currency hardware wallets are also under development.
3. Hailian Jinhui (002537) has participated in and completed relevant topics of the Digital Currency Research Group of the China Payment and Clearing Association.
4. Huijin Co., Ltd. (300368) The company’s R&D investment includes the research and development of a blockchain-based currency transfer system, and its impact on the company’s future: The development of this project will not only greatly increase the market adaptability of Huijin’s products and competitiveness, and also provide technical reserves for the issuance and trading of digital currencies in the future.
5. Netac Technology (300042) currently has two digital currency-related patents. One is the design patent "Flash Drive (Cold Wallet)", which has been authorized; the other is the invention patent "Digital Currency" Wallet, transaction method, transaction system and computer storage medium”, the patent is currently in the substantive examination stage.
6. Huali Chuangtong (300045) At present, the East Lake Technology and Finance Research Institute has just been established. The East Lake Technology and Finance Research Institute will prepare to carry out research in digital currency related fields.
7. Digital Authentication (300579) The company conducts research on some cryptographic technologies related to digital currency.
8. National Technology (300077) RCC technology can support the application of digital currency in a specific environment.
9. Sifang Jingchuang (300468) The company already has all-round R&D and delivery capabilities from the underlying platform of the blockchain to application solutions. It has the ability to integrate innovative applications of blockchain + token economy, and has made great achievements in digital currency. It has accumulated rich R&D and operation experience in the field of encrypted digital assets such as , application tokens and so on.
10. Gao Weida (300465) stated that the company has digital currency technology reserves.
11. Feitian Chengxin (300386) has currently launched a digital currency hardware wallet. This product is only a secure storage device for digital currencies, but its sales revenue is very small.
12. Jiangsu Hengbao Intelligent System Technology Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hengbao Co., Ltd. (002104), has an invention patent: a password reset method and system for digital currency wallets

㈣ What is Blockchain main chain construction

Many virtual currencies, once withdrawn from the exchange, must be stored in third-party wallets such as imtoken. This is also a helpless situation. Because I don’t have a wallet of my own, I can only rely on others.
Then how can we live an independent life without having to look at others? This will lead to a word: main chain.
The term "main chain" comes from "main network" (relative to test network), which is an officially launched, independent blockchain network.
Currently, 12 of the top 50 blockchain projects by market value are "main chains" (the current data is subject to change), and the most successful main chain is none other than Ethereum.
Ethereum has its own independent wallet, andA main chain that can also "provide housing" for other currencies.
Next, we will take you through an analysis of Ethereum to give you an in-depth understanding of what the main chain is.
Most of the crowdfunding projects on the market are developed based on Ethereum. You can understand it as: Ethereum is a computer operating system, similar to the Windows system, and the various tokens on Ethereum are quite So for various software on our computers, developers can pay Ethereum to run projects on Ethereum. But Ethereum is not perfect. The more projects based on Ethereum, the greater the demand for Ethereum's network, which can lead to congestion in severe cases.
In fact, most main chain projects are still in the stage of technology research and development and improvement, and there is still a long way to go before the actual technology is implemented.
The most intense competition in the blockchain field is actually the battle of the “main chain”. Whoever can become the main chain of the basic layer of the blockchain may become giants such as Apple and Microsoft in the future.
In addition, according to popular science, among domestic public chains, Waltonchain is the underlying commercial application public chain. It combines the software-level characteristics of the blockchain such as decentralization and non-editability with independently developed RFID chip hardware. Provide traceability, certification solutions, and design industry data encryption and distributed storage database construction services for all walks of life.
Of course, this does not mean that projects with a main chain are necessarily better than projects without a main chain. There are some projects that do not require a main chain due to their nature, such as BNB. Its main purpose is to offset the currency. There are no exchange fees, so it doesn’t matter whether there is a main chain or not.
From Bitcoin to Ethereum to EOS, which is now on the altar, many great gods are building main chains and trying to climb the tide of the times. Who will be the future king of the blockchain? Let time Give us the answer.

㈤ How to build digital platforms such as blockchain to accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure

Blockchain has significant advantages such as decentralization, distributed accounting, and encrypted traceability. It can The integrity and authenticity of the on-chain data are well guaranteed. Once it has been tampered with or forged, it can be discovered. At the same time, because the blockchain has the characteristics of distributed accounting, even if the data on individual nodes is deleted, other nodes can still completely save the data, ensuring the integrity of the entire blockchain certification system. normal operation.

Shanghai announced the "Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Digital Transformation of Shanghai City". Focus on the widespread application of new technologies and vigorously enhance urban innovation levels. Accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure, promote high-speed network coverage such as gigabit broadband, 5G, and satellite Internet, build high-performance public computing centers, and create digital platforms such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and industrial Internet to solidly support economic development, citizens' lives, and Digital applications in various fields such as urban governance. Support new technologies such as next-generation information communications, high-end chips, core software, and V2X vehicle-to-road collaboration to be tried and used first in urban digital transformation, taking the lead in large-scale implementation, and further consolidating the advantages of digital technology. Focus on key areas of cutting-edge technologies such as brain-inspired intelligence and quantum communications, and the depth of urban digital transformationIntegration, strengthening the research on key core technologies and the construction of functional platforms, and vigorously improving the city's digital innovation capability.

After the Reform Commission incorporated blockchain into new infrastructure, the country ushered in a blockchain policy boom. The central and local governments have promulgated blockchain-related policies and regarded blockchain as a new economic and technological field. The main breakthrough is to build future strategic competitive advantages, and the related application scenarios of blockchain are hot. The deep integration of blockchain and industry is the embodiment of maximizing the use of blockchain. Based on "blockchain + judicial + application", the Yibaoquan platform has successfully created a paperless one-stop service platform for business cooperation, providing enterprises and agencies with electronic contracts, copyright protection, and Internet notarization services to help them solve the problem of high operating costs and contract issues. And problems such as chaotic seal management, unsafe data storage, and difficulty in pursuing accountability for online infringements. Completely transform the traditional business model and create a comprehensive upgrade of digital office.

㈥ How China promotes blockchain construction and its current results

There are already implemented blockchain projects, such as UtiSpace. Blockchain is a trendy project, but when choosing a blockchain project, you must keep your eyes peeled and look for a team that has technology, application implementation, and is truly down-to-earth. Otherwise, it may be all in vain, because since it is a trend, there are naturally many projects that take the opportunity to speculate and defraud.

Here, this hero mainly introduces the world's first blockchain distributed storage project with perfect technology and truly implemented applications - UtiSpace Space Man (WeChat public account UtiSpace Space Man Community).

A brief introduction to UtiSpace:

Is 5G coming? Have big data, artificial intelligence, wearable devices, the Internet of Things, and AI entered our lives? Is the phone running out of memory?

Stuck?

High-speed information flow inevitably requires infinite storage space, and the current storage space is never enough.

For example: the storage space of 4G mobile phones determines the price of mobile phones, but what about 5G mobile phones? If the space storage requirement is 10 times that of 4G, the price will be expensive.

Where there is demand, there is a market. In the past, when we did big data storage, we needed to build large data storage base stations. The cost is very high, easily reaching tens of billions of dollars, and the security is very low (the base station will become hot and prone to fire, what will happen if there is an earthquake? All data will be paralyzed if hackers attack it). In addition, no matter how large the base station is, the storage capacity is limited, and it will never be able to satisfy the market. The amount of data is doubled, leaving a large amount of useful data homeless. Currently 67% of the data has been deleted, which is a huge loss!

So who can solve the problem of data storage with large storage capacity, high security, low cost and low energy consumption?

Today, China's independent brand UtiSpace decentralized distributed storage space hero teamed up with Zhejiang University's Shumai Chain Laboratory to solve this global problem. Thus taking the lead in occupying the big cake of distributed data storage.

㈦ Saidi’s point of view: What are the key points and trends in the development of China’s blockchain during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period?

Recently, Saidi issued an article pointing out that China’s blockchain will be developed during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period. Development priorities and trends. Development focus: accelerating the innovation of key core technologies; accelerating platform innovation in countries to promote blockchain application innovation and innovative supervision systems and mechanisms in countries where scenarios are implemented. Development trend: The construction of blockchain infrastructure is accelerating under the "new infrastructure"; blockchain is expected to promote the circulation of data elements and empower the digital economy; blockchain applications will become more mature and deeply integrated with the real economy; the blockchain supervision system will Continue to improve and further standardize the construction of the blockchain ecosystem.
Blockchain has significant advantages such as decentralization, distributed accounting, and encrypted traceability, which can well ensure the integrity and authenticity of on-chain data. Once it has been tampered with or forged, it can be discovered. At the same time, because the blockchain has the characteristics of distributed accounting, even if the data on individual nodes is deleted, other nodes can still completely save the data, ensuring the integrity of the entire blockchain certification system. normal operation. Based on the above advantages, blockchain is naturally suitable for electronic data storage. The introduction of blockchain certificate storage can effectively solve the authenticity and legality issues of electronic evidence, making the electronic data certificate storage process more trustworthy. Future industry trends will develop based on the "blockchain+" model. Yibaoquan uses blockchain technology to effectively solve the whole-link trust issue of electronic data from generation, storage, notarization, and proof: when uploading to the chain, the blockchain is used to ensure the originality and integrity of the storage data. After being put on the chain, each judicial node on the preservation chain is used to ensure the credibility and security of the data; during litigation, the evidence is directly passed to the Internet court to improve the efficiency of rights protection.

㈧ Who are the leading blockchain listed companies?

As of August 11, 2021, there are a total of 251 blockchain concept stocks listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.

The above are my statistics of leading listed companies in the blockchain industry. I apologize for the inaccurate statistics and hope to communicate with you more. , thank you all for your attention!

㈨ BIM+blockchain makes urban construction smarter

In this article, we talk about the combination and application of blockchain and the construction industry.

Before starting the text, let me first explain the concept of BIM.

BIM (Building Information Modeling) Building information modeling. The U.S. National BIM Standard explains BIM as follows:

(1) Use digital methods to express the physical and functional characteristics of a facility.

(2) A shared knowledge resource.

(3) The process of sharing information related to this facility and providing reliable basis for all countermeasures throughout the life cycle of the facility.

(4) In different stages of the construction project, each participant embeds, extracts, updates and modifies information in the information model to support and reflect the collaborative work of their respective responsibilities.

The construction industry is one of the largest industries in the world today and will remain a key driver of world economic growth in the future.

The construction industry plays an important role in my country's national economy. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, my country's GDP in 2020 was 101 trillion yuan, of which the total output value of the construction industry was 26 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 25%.

The construction industry is an ancient industry. As early as 2,000 years ago, the ancients built magnificent projects such as the Great Wall and the pyramids of ancient Egypt. However, since its development, the overall management level and efficiency of the construction industry are still very low. The main reasons can probably be attributed to the following five points:

1) The one-time nature of the project;

2) The looseness and temporary nature of the organization;

3) The fragmentation of management;

4) The multi-party nature and inefficiency of cooperation;

5) Production Destandardization and deindustrialization of processes.

The problems caused by the above reasons are also obvious:

1) Lack of trust. Due to the one-time nature of the project, the temporary nature of the organization, and the multi-party nature of cooperation, trust is inevitable Missing.

2) Low efficiency. Due to the loose and temporary nature of the organization, the non-standardization and non-industrialization of the production process, high consumption and low efficiency, the average profit level of construction companies in the entire construction industry is only about 3%

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3) Risk controllability is weak. Due to the lack of a systematic standardized management system and fragmented management, project delays, design changes, and cost claims are inevitable for almost every project.

Domestic building informatization has gone through three stages and is currently in the third stage:

The first stage: design informatization, The "off the drawing board" project in the 1990s promoted the popularization of domestic CAD technology applications;

The second stage: enterprise information management, in 2005 computer-aided management problem solving realized the informatization of project and enterprise management;

The third stage: full life cycle informatization. In 2015, the application of BIM technology assisted the integration of full life cycle information in the construction industry.

1. Why should BIM be implemented in the construction field?

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural DevelopmentIn the "Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Issuing Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Application of Building Information Models", the significance of BIM application is explained in detail. The guiding opinions point out that: BIM should provide technical support for the connection of the industrial chain, industrialized construction and prosperous architectural creation. In other words, BIM is the technical foundation for the industrial transformation of the construction industry.

2. What can BIM do specifically?

1) Realize data sharing among all participants in the whole life cycle of the building based on the same multi-dimensional building information model;

2) Support the engineering environment, energy consumption, economy, quality, Analysis, inspection and simulation of safety and other aspects;

3) Provide a basis for program optimization and scientific decision-making in the entire project process;

4) Support the collaborative work of various disciplines and the virtualization of the project Construction and refined management.

3. The significance of industrialization of construction

1) Industrially produced materials and prefabricated construction methods make it easier to form a standardized system to ensure product quality;

2) Most components of prefabricated buildings are completed in the factory, and the overall delivery is 30% to 50% faster than traditional buildings;

3) Prefabricated building sites are mainly dry operations, which can effectively reduce Energy consumption and environmental pollution, low carbon and environmental protection;

4) Prefabricated buildings can also be reused due to their dismantling characteristics;

5) There is room for reduction in prefabricated construction costs For now, it is much higher than traditional buildings, with lower post-operation and maintenance costs and greater cost advantages throughout the life cycle.

The transformation of construction industrialization has become a national strategy

In recent years, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other departments have successively introduced a number of important policies to promote the industrialization, digitalization, green construction, and intelligent construction of the construction industry.

In March 2021, the State Council issued the "Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan and Long-term Goals for 2035". The outline clearly proposes to develop intelligent construction, promote green building materials, prefabricated buildings and steel structure residences, and build low-cost Development goals of carbon cities.

4. The importance of BIM digitalization in the construction industry

Vigorously develop the industrialization, digitalization, and intelligent upgrading of construction, increase the application of intelligent construction in all aspects of engineering construction, and realize the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry It is the strategic goal of the construction industry and even the country in the past 10 to 20 years. Therefore, BIM digital technology will play a fundamental and important role in the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.

The direction of construction industrialization transformation is standardization + factoryization + assembly, which is solved by BIMIt is the issue of digital integration and visualization in this process.

Although BIM is an indispensable technology in the industrial transformation process of the construction industry, it cannot effectively solve the problems of production relations, such as trust and efficiency between collaborative parties, and fragmented management under complex systems. And other issues.

Solving trust, collaboration, efficiency, and fragmented management under complex systems are precisely the natural advantages of blockchain technology, and can well complement BIM technology.

Therefore we say: Industrialized production (BIM support) + digital collaboration (blockchain support) + big data decision-making (AI technology) = smart construction

We consider the entire life cycle of the building It is divided into three stages: planning and design, construction, and operation and maintenance to illustrate.

1. Planning and design stage

Cross-department collaborative approval will be the main scenario for the application of blockchain technology.

The planning and design stage is characterized by many administrative supervision roles and collaborative approval procedures. The decentralized features of blockchain technology are exactly suitable for such scenarios and can greatly improve the efficiency of collaborative approval (multiple places The government has started a pilot project for a blockchain government approval system).

We assume that the regulatory units in the planning and design stage include the National Development and Reform Commission, Land and Resources, Transportation, Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Water Conservancy, etc. In addition, relevant units include construction units, planning and design and other consulting units, and they all have their names on the blockchain. Each node has its own information management system.

When the consulting unit creates the first-stage BIM conceptual model (for example, suitable for project proposals), and loads various economic indicators such as GIS information, scale, land occupation, cost, etc., the model data is uploaded to the area. Blockchain.

After the BIM conceptual model and project proposal are confirmed by the construction unit, the construction unit will initiate the approval procedures with the National Development and Reform Commission, and the blockchain smart contract will automatically initiate all review processes.

The National Development and Reform Commission accesses the BIM conceptual model on the blockchain through the key, loads the BIM model and GIS information of the surrounding infrastructure when necessary, analyzes whether the project complies with the urban development master plan and the feasibility of the project, and will review and approve it The results are uploaded to the blockchain, and the smart contract automatically sends the data file of the approval results back to the construction unit.

Similarly, the construction unit starts the land pre-examination related procedures, the smart contract is activated, and the land department accesses the BIM land occupation model on the blockchain through the key, conducts the review, and uploads the approval results to the blockchain. The smart contract sends the data file of the approval result back to the construction unit.

At the same time, any regulatory department can use the key to verify the authenticity of the approval results of the National Development and Reform Commission, Land and Resources and other departments.

With the subsequent feasibilityResearch, preliminary design, and construction drawing design continuously improve the model. The National Development and Reform Commission, land, transportation, housing and other industry regulatory authorities can access the BIM model data of the project on the blockchain at any time through the key, and monitor the project in real time for any illegal designs. ,put up.

All approval processes run automatically online, but they are no longer based on a centralized platform, but on decentralized blockchain technology, which can effectively reduce collaboration costs and improve collaboration efficiency. and ensure data privacy and security.

2. Construction stage

Similarly, we assume that construction units, supervision units and other third-party consulting agencies also have their own nodes on the blockchain and their own information systems. , then they can all access the BIM model data of the project on the blockchain through the key.

We simply divide the construction process into planning, procurement, production, acceptance, and payment. And it is assumed that the model and the WBS decomposition structure of the construction stage are in one-to-one correspondence.

· Planning link:

The contractor can prepare the plan through the Office series of Projec software or the domestic Glodon Zebra, and import the plan data file into the BIM on the blockchain Model, BIM model has 4D progress visualization attributes (such as can be displayed by InfraWorks of Autodesk series), and the data can also include resources, funds and other plans. All participating parties can simultaneously carry out project management based on the BIM model.

· Procurement link:

The construction industry has a highly decentralized and complex supply chain system. The cooperation between suppliers and contractors may be temporary or one-time, so trust is relatively low. Difficult to establish, low collaboration efficiency.

Let’s first talk about how blockchain solves the trust problem in transactions.

Blockchain uses smart contracts to complete transactions. For example, for the buyer, before the transaction, the smart contract first detects whether the balance of the buyer's digital wallet (central bank digital renminbi) (or bank credit or guarantee limit) is satisfied. If the transaction object is satisfied, it will be locked. When the buyer accepts and signs for the seller's goods, the smart contract will automatically transfer the locked digital renminbi point-to-point to the seller's digital wallet.

Therefore, what the blockchain solves is not the problem of mutual trust between buyers and sellers, but trust is no longer a problem.

Sand and gravel materials are used in large quantities in construction projects, and are purchased frequently and from scattered sources. They are one of the most difficult materials to control in the building materials supply chain.

We assume that the contractor has installed a camera in the silo, and the contractor's procurement system detects through the camera that the remaining material in the silo is lower than a predetermined threshold (calculationMachine vision recognition technology), the system calls the planning data (the data imported by the Project into the BIM model) and finds that the future usage demand is greater than the total capacity of the silo, then starts the smart contract to automatically complete the sand and gravel order, and even select prices from multiple suppliers. lowest.

Sand and gravel suppliers do not need to join any system. They only need to create their own accounts on the blockchain node to complete automated transaction collaboration with contractors.

During the transportation process, the supplier uploads the GPS location of the transportation vehicle or ship to the blockchain in real time through IOT hardware. The contractor's procurement system can track the location of the goods in real time through the key. The system can Analyze (search algorithm) whether the material delivery time has an impact on the production plan, so that the smart contract can be restarted for remediation.

The purchase batch and arrival time of each batch of materials can be written into the corresponding location of the BIM model and written into the blockchain ledger. The smart contract will remind the supervision unit to organize acceptance or acceptance according to the batch of materials arriving. Test and inspection work.

The system can free project managers from complicated orders, inquiries, and accounting processing, so they can better devote themselves to more important matters.

· Production link:

The production process is inevitably inseparable from people and equipment.

An inevitable result of industrialization is the improvement of efficiency and quality, and the process behavior quality of people and equipment will determine the formation process of product quality.

Therefore, the result-oriented construction process management in the past must turn to the industrial process-oriented construction management. So which teams will produce each sub-project, and the construction cooperation for each group of concrete The parameters are monitored in real time (IOT hardware) and written to the corresponding location of the BIM model. At the same time, these data are written into the blockchain ledger, which is permanently saved and cannot be tampered with. All data in the production process should be authentic and credible.

We assume that large structures are installed by hoisting equipment. We also assume that if it is not suitable for hoisting operations in heavy rain or wind exceeding level 6, then the hoisting equipment will sense the situation through IOT hardware (or network communication). After this extreme state, the blockchain smart contract will remind on-site managers to restore the equipment to a safe state until the dangerous state is relieved.

The fuel consumption and electricity consumption of each equipment during the production process will be monitored through IOT hardware, and these data will be written into the blockchain ledger.

The blockchain smart contract automatically calculates carbon emission indicators for energy consumption (GBT 51366-2019). Once it is found that carbon emissions exceed the approved indicators, new indicators are automatically purchased in the carbon trading market.

All the IoT hardware mentioned earlier on the production equipment is not requiredAccess to the systems of all parties involved in the construction, all parties only need to access the data through the key of the device. Perhaps this key is designed by the device developer into a client (such as an APP), then all parties involved only need to install a client to access all data generated by the device.

· Acceptance link

We assume that the strength of the concrete construction is determined by the test equipment (IOT hardware) writing the data directly to the location corresponding to the BIM model and writing it to the blockchain ledger.

The appearance dimensions and number of steel bars of the construction may be generated by using 3D laser scanning equipment to generate point clouds and compared with the BIM design model. The percentage of honeycomb pitted surface and the acceptance accuracy can be accurately calculated according to the quality inspection and assessment standards. The accuracy, which is much higher than manual calculation, is written into the corresponding location of the BIM model and the blockchain ledger.

All personnel and data participating in the acceptance are written into the blockchain ledger and stored permanently and cannot be tampered with.

If a quality problem occurs, the ledger records on the blockchain are like a running account arranged in chronological order, starting from the current record and tracing forward. Who has accepted it? Who made it? Who transported it? Who purchased it? It’s clear who supplied it.

· Payment stage:

With the official issuance of digital renminbi and support for programmability, when digital renminbi enters the field of project payment, it can be said that every project payment The destination has been basically fixed and can be tracked on the blockchain, making it impossible for project funds to be misappropriated. Then when the quality of the project passes the acceptance inspection and meets the conditions set by the smart contract, the point-to-point payment operation of the smart contract will be automatically triggered. No longer going through banks, it can also reduce the company's financial costs.

Therefore, according to the provisions of the capital construction procedures, projects that have not yet been funded in the future will inevitably not receive approval to start construction. For projects that have obtained approval to start construction, contractors, professional subcontractors, material suppliers and even labor personnel will no longer be able to No need to worry about defaulting on project payment.

When the BIM model is anchored to the physical building and turned into a digital asset, the ownership of the digital asset can flow on the blockchain.

Let’s assume that the ownership of a physical engineering component is temporarily retained in the hands of the contractor before the owner has paid the project fee. When a contractor encounters financial difficulties, it happens that the BIM digital assets on the blockchain (anchored (physical engineering components) to prove a certain future income (a project payment paid by the owner in the future), then the contractor can completely mortgage the ownership of this part of the digital asset, and the smart contract can lock the project payment paid by the future owner. The amount is used by the contractor to redeem the ownership of the digital asset.

3. Operation and maintenance phase

A very good scenario in the operation and maintenance phase is the intelligent interaction between devices.

We assume that an unmanned patrol car discovers a defect in the asphalt pavement on the highway through the computer vision recognition system, triggers a smart contract to start another asphalt pavement maintenance vehicle, and this maintenance vehicle also uses smart The contract automatically places an order to purchase the required asphalt mixture repair materials, and automatically drives to the defective location to complete the repair, with little or no human intervention in the process.

In summary, blockchain technology + BIM can better realize smart construction. In turn, the BIM model can be used as a data dashboard for blockchain technology. With the continuous emergence of IOT hardware ( Especially in the operation and maintenance stage), with the continuous filling of data, the continuous refreshing of models, the dimensions becoming more and more full, what you see is what you get, blockchain + BIM will become a smarter smart construction decision-making system.

In the article, we listed some applications in the three stages of planning, design, construction, and operation and maintenance. However, the actual application scenarios are far more than these examples. These examples only serve as a point-to-point discussion.

All the technologies mentioned in the article are existing or already implemented functions (such as blockchain government systems, supply chain tracking, quality traceability, etc.). What is lacking is just the integration of these technologies. It seems that blockchain technology is not originally a new technology, but the integration of existing computer technologies such as distributed storage, asymmetric encryption, and consensus algorithms to achieve this great invention.

Some people may say that BIM forward design has not yet become popular in my country’s construction industry, and 4D and 5D digital construction management based on BIM have only begun to become popular. At this time, we should explore the smart construction of blockchain technology + BIM Is it too early?

What I want to say is,

The concept of BIM was proposed as early as 1975 by Dr. Chuck Eastman of Georgia Institute of Technology in the United States. In 2002, Autodesk officially proposed the BIM concept and technology. 3D visualization has developed to today's 8D concept.

Blockchain technology was also proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto as early as 2008. In addition to digital currency, it has also been widely used in other non-digital currency fields.

Just like artificial intelligence technology,

It was first proposed by computer expert John McCarthy in 1956, but it has been limited by computer technology and hardware and has stagnated until the ImageNET challenge in 2012. The accuracy of visual recognition in the game has reached more than 95%, surpassing the limits of the human eye. After breaking through the limitations of computer hardware and technology, the application of artificial intelligence technology has ushered in a big explosion. Only in recent years have weLifestyle applications such as beauty cameras, voice recognition, and smart push notifications are exploding in mobile phones.

Therefore, before any technology breaks out in large-scale applications, energy has been accumulating. This is a necessary process. On the one hand, it may be due to technology and hardware limitations. Another very important reason is that there are too few people who understand and participate. Once everyone understands and knows how to do it, this explosive power will naturally flourish.

Just like we keep blowing up a balloon, one day it will explode.

If you are also interested in blockchain applications, search the WeChat public account "Candy Chain Notes" and let's move forward together.