区块链有资金托管吗,区块链有资金托管吗知乎

区块链是一种分布式账本技术，是一种基于特定算法的分布式数据库，它利用密码学、算法和激励机制，允许参与者在网络上安全地进行交易，并记录这些交易。它的应用涵盖了货币、金融、支付、智能合约、物联网、供应链和更多领域。因此，越来越多的人对区块链技术感兴趣，也越来越多的人想知道，区块链有资金托管吗？

答案是肯定的，区块链技术可以用来托管资金。区块链技术可以实现安全可靠的资金托管，具有良好的安全性和可信度。由于区块链技术具有去中心化、不可篡改、安全可靠、透明公正等特性，因此被广泛应用于资金托管领域。

区块链技术可以使资金托管更加安全可靠。首先，区块链技术的去中心化和不可篡改性使得资金托管更加安全。由于区块链技术是分布式账本技术，它的数据存储是分布式的，因此不受任何单一组织的控制，没有中心化的服务器，资金托管的安全性更高。其次，区块链技术的不可篡改性可以有效地防止资金被篡改，从而保证资金托管的安全性。

此外，区块链技术还可以为资金托管提供更多的便利。区块链技术可以使资金托管更加便捷，因为它可以让参与者在网络上安全地进行交易，并记录这些交易。由于区块链技术可以实现自动执行，因此，参与者无需等待各方确认，可以立即完成资金托管，极大地提高了资金托管的效率。

总之，区块链技术可以用来托管资金，具有良好的安全性和可信度。它可以使资金托管更加安全可靠，也可以为资金托管提供更多的便利。因此，越来越多的金融机构和企业开始采用区块链技术进行资金托管，以实现更安全、更可靠的资金托管。

❶ Prospects of Blockchain Fund Management

Prospects of Blockchain Fund Management Blockchain will not make progress in the field of fund management.

The obstacles that blockchain technology needs to overcome are still counterparty risk and scalability issues, and the predictions for blockchain in 2020 remain the same.

Many reports at EuroFinance and AFP conferences mentioned the need to improve the decision-making efficiency of treasury teams by obtaining and analyzing more data, such as detecting payment anomalies, building more effective cash forecasts and reducing cash flow and net currency risk on the balance sheet.

The market will continue to demand greater sophistication in treasury management tools that can capture, validate and discover meaning in financial data, which will drive treasury management teams’ purchasing decisions, including treasury management systems. The product line is dedicated to features and services that help customers make better use of data. We have every reason to believe that the trend of data-driven decision-making will continue for a long time to come.

Relevant information:

Blockchain is a method that connects data blocks in an orderly manner and cryptographically ensures that they cannot be tampered with and cannot be tampered with. Fake distributed ledger (database) technology. In layman's terms, blockchain technology can achieve openness, transparency, non-tampering, non-forgery, and traceability of all data information in the system without the need for third-party endorsement.

As an underlying protocol or technical solution, blockchain can effectively solve the trust problem and realize the free transfer of value, and finance is the most explored area in blockchain application scenarios.

❷ Ask the experts in the currency circle to take a look at this project

THEMIS is a fair exchange system based on the blockchain, providing decentralized digital asset custody business and solving the problem of digital assets. The issue of fair exchange of media can be applied to point-to-point custody payment of digital assets, OTC exchange of digital assets, etc. It is similar to Alipay's role in traditional e-commerce managed payments, but is "decentralized." Transaction parties can select multiple third parties from a set of custodian service providers and mediate disputes by majority vote, thus ensuring a fair exchange mediated by digital assets. THEMIS does not rely on a single third party for guarantees, thus reducing the risk of collusion, denial of service and hacker attacks. The global custody token issued by G on this chain is called GET.
THEMIS introduces a group custody mechanism and reputation mechanism based on economic incentives to motivate blockchain nodes, and provides incentives for nodes that actively participate in fund custody and dispute arbitration by issuing custody fees and arbitration service fees. When users pay with digital assets, they need to pay GET token handling fees and rewards to achieve the closed-loop flow of GET tokens on THEMIS.
The core technical team of THEMIS is composed of senior scholars from many of the world’s top universities and institutions in the fields of blockchain, cryptography, distributed technology, etc., and their academic achievements have been published in many top-level articles.Thesis has sufficient advantages in the fields of technology development, business promotion and industry resources. The project has also received investment from many domestic heavyweight institutions. Genesis Financial managed by Mr. Shen Bo of Fenbushi Capital, Happy East Capital owned by Mr. Yang Linke and Genesis Capital have all participated in the Themis project as early investors.
THEMIS is currently the first infrastructure to provide digital currency custody services, and is a milestone product in the digital asset ecology from digital currency to digital business. Not only can it effectively avoid previous situations such as exchanges running away, exchanges being stolen, agents running away, etc., it is a revolutionary security upgrade for the digital asset investment ecology; at the same time, it also provides a solution for more and more people in the future. E-commerce platforms that accept digital asset payments provide technical feasibility; finally, as the digital asset market matures, it is believed that more and more investment products such as digital asset funds will appear, and THEMIS can undoubtedly help investors reduce capital risks. drop to lowest.

❸ Ask for help from the masters in the blockchain and currency circles

Themis public chain is the first decentralized digital asset custody public chain based on blockchain technology.

Themis provides third-party escrow services (similar to the current role of Alipay and PayPal in online shopping), and issues tokens on the chain Global Escrow Token (GET), Themis introduces a group custody mechanism and reputation mechanism based on economic incentives to motivate blockchain nodes, and uses custody contracts and arbitration contracts to achieve fair exchange between digital currencies and between digital currencies and real assets. By issuing custody fees and arbitration service fees, incentives are provided for nodes that actively participate in fund custody and dispute arbitration. When using digital currency for payment, users need to pay GET tokens to obtain custody and arbitration services. Participating custody and arbitration nodes can obtain GET token handling fees and rewards from the transaction party after the transaction is completed to realize the closed-loop flow of GET tokens on Themis.

❹ Are the funds on the icc custody platform safe?

It is not safe.

Fund custody generally involves cooperation between investment platforms and third-party payment companies. The real "fund custody model" is equivalent to investors opening an account at a fund custody bank and transferring funds through third-party payment. The funds are held in the bank investor's account, and when a transaction occurs, the funds are directly transferred from the investor's account to the foreign exchange market for anonymous transactions without going through the platform provider, so that the investor's account is truly isolated from the platform.

It is also important to choose a strong bank as the custodian. The bigger the bank, the stronger it is and the greater the guarantee of fund security. At the same time, the platform provider’s cooperative bank is also the platform As a reflection of strength, top platform providers will definitely choose top banks to cooperate.

❺ Blockchain IndustryIs there any reliable public chain in China

Is there any reliable public chain in the blockchain industry?

In the blockchain industry, both practitioners and investors must be familiar with public chains. Whenever a new project is born in the industry, it must have something to do with the public chain. But in fact, looking at the entire blockchain industry, there are not many mature and stable public chains. Currently, there are three main system types in the blockchain industry: public blockchain, joint blockchain, and private blockchain.

Public blockchain is often referred to as a public chain in the industry. It means that any individual or group in the world can participate in the accounting and transaction process of the entire system, and at the same time, its transaction records can be effectively obtained by the system. Confirmed blockchain mainnet, in the industry, we usually call this publicly writable nature "open source". The public chain is the earliest and most widely used blockchain system in the industry.

United blockchain, also known as alliance chain, the alliance chain system is not open source, but multiple pre-selected nodes are designated as bookkeepers within a certain group, and each block is generated by all The pre-selected nodes jointly decide that other nodes can participate in transactions but have no right to participate in the accounting process. It is essentially similar to the custody accounting in the financial industry and can be called a "semi-centralized" blockchain system. This system is more stable, but is not suitable for wide-scale popularization and application.

Private blockchain is a private chain. This kind of system is more closed. It simply uses the underlying technology of the blockchain for the accounting process. However, its network system is not open source, but the developers have exclusive writing rights. The developer here can be a company or an individual. Currently, many traditional financial industries want to try private chain development, but their application products are still being explored.

Among the above three system types, the public chain system is undoubtedly the one that attracts the most attention from the industry. Compared with the other two types, the public chain has the advantages of open source, decentralization, and wide ecological scenarios, and is also more conducive to global promotion and layout. However, due to various reasons such as technology, capital, and time, the industry’s public chain research situation is generally not optimistic.

The three most well-known public chains in the industry, the Bitcoin public chain, the Ethereum public chain, and the EOS public chain, all have different problems. The closed system of the Bitcoin public chain forms an island of value, which cannot be solved by a hard fork; the problems of Ethereum transaction congestion and excessive handling fees are always difficult to solve; and within EOS, due to insufficient ecological scale, it is difficult to support excellent ecological applications. At the same time, the CPU Problems such as skyrocketing and insufficient memory gradually emerged.

In short, in order to determine whether a public chain is reliable, you need to understand whether the operating logic of its public chain network itself is stable, whether its ecological structure capacity is sufficient, whether its community consensus is strong, and whether its applications Whether the scene has long-term hematopoietic function, etc. Of course, the blockchain industry is currently in the development and exploratory stage, and it will take time to prove a reliable and stable public chain.

❻ Why do P2Ps frequently run away, but banking financial institutions rarely do so?

Why do P2Ps frequently run away, but bank financial institutions rarely do?

Reporter Hu Qun
"Escape" has become a keyword in the recent P2P online lending industry. When some P2P online lending platforms exploded, the first choice of some platform leaders was not to actively negotiate with investors and borrowers, nor to report the case to the public security organs, but to run away.

As a new channel for financial management, P2P online lending has provided financial management for millions of investors, but hundreds of thousands of investors have also encountered various problems such as running away. In contrast, why do banks, trusts, funds, securities, insurance and other financial institutions rarely "run away"?

This is due to imperfect regulatory measures. After more than ten years of market development, supervision of financial management institutions such as bank financial management, trusts, funds, securities, and insurance has gradually improved. However, as a new financial management method that has grown wildly in recent years, P2P online lending is far from being formulated by regulatory agencies to ensure the healthy development of the industry. regulatory policies.

The most typical supervision methods are: asset custody and fund custody.

Bank financial management, trusts, funds, securities, insurance and other financial institutions have strict asset custody. Commercial banks with certain qualifications serve as custodians and sign entrusted asset custody contracts with the clients in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The business of safely keeping the entrusted investment assets and performing the relevant duties of the custodian.

Regulatory agencies have always required P2P online loans to deposit transaction funds or platform-related reserves, risk funds, etc. in bank accounts. On February 22, 2017, the China Banking Regulatory Commission issued the "Notice of the General Office of the China Banking Regulatory Commission on Issuing the Guidelines for Online Lending Fund Depository Business". According to the online lending fund custody business, a commercial bank accepts the entrustment of the client as a depository. In accordance with the provisions of laws, regulations and contracts, perform the business of opening and closing special accounts for online lending funds, fund custody, fund liquidation, accounting verification, and providing information reports. The custodian conducts online lending fund depository business and does not provide guarantees or guarantees for online lending transactions and does not bear liability for loan defaults.

The reality is that many banks’ fund depositories have no obligation to supervise the flow of funds. The platform can still withdraw these funds from third parties at any time, resulting in the “deposit and neglect” of funds. Therefore, custody cannot Effectively guaranteeing the safety of investors' funds, it is also impossible to avoid the occurrence of platform runaways.

“The rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence will make the core competitiveness of the asset custody business evolve from the initial competition in channel sales capabilities to the current competition in custody system functions and custody professional services. In the future, it will surely Evolving towards custody data mining and custody value-added services. China Merchants Bank took the lead in launching a custody big data platform, which will provide strong technical support for CMB to better adapt to the acceleration of competition in the custody industry and the deepening of service levels." On July 13, China Merchants Bank Assets Jiang Ran, general manager of the custody department, at China Merchants BankIt was said at the ceremony that the bank's first managed big data platform in China was launched.

As the joint-stock bank with the largest custody assets in China, China Merchants Bank has been conducting asset custody business since 2002. The current assets under custody exceed RMB 12 trillion, and it has accumulated and accumulated a huge amount of transaction data and business data. . In order to provide better custody services, fulfill the responsibilities of a custodian, and lead business development with financial technology, China Merchants Bank has begun research on a custody big data platform since the end of 2016. Combining the bank’s custody business experience and big data development technology, the Bank has formulated a CMB custody platform Big data platform development plan. In September 2017, Tian Huiyu, President of China Merchants Bank, launched the construction of China Merchants Bank’s custody big data platform.

In 2017, Tian Huiyu proposed to use the “prehistoric strength” of the whole bank to promote the financial technology strategy with the goal of “networking, dataization, and intelligence” and build a financial technology bank. The custody big data platform is a custody platform independently designed by China Merchants Bank that applies distributed computing methods, real-time processing technology, big data analysis and other latest financial technologies to the custody business field. It is composed of a custody operation analysis and decision-making system, a new risk management system and new It is composed of a first-generation risk performance assessment system and other major application systems.

China Merchants Bank is not the only one that favors asset custody business. Since 2012, the growth rate of China’s banking industry’s asset custody scale has remained above 50%. The "China Asset Custody Industry Development Report (2017)" shows that as of the end of 2016, the asset custody stock of China's banking industry reached 121.92 trillion yuan, and the average annual compound growth rate of the custody scale in the past six years was as high as 53.06%.

With the release of the draft new asset management regulations and the implementation of the new asset management regulations, the banking industry's custody scale and income will likely operate in a medium-to-low growth range.

However, for industry leaders, their advantages are still expected to be maintained. As of May this year, ICBC has carried out business cooperation with more than 5,000 domestic and foreign asset management institutions, with a customer coverage rate of more than 70% in the asset management market and a custody scale of over 16 trillion yuan, ranking first among domestic peers.

China Merchants Bank also hopes to gain industry-leading advantages in system architecture, development model, solution to pain points, customer experience, etc. through hosting big data platform.

According to the Economic Observer Network, blockchain technology is expected to be applied to asset custody.

The "Blockchain Financial Application White Paper" co-authored by JD Financial Research Institute and the Cloud Computing and Big Data Institute of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that a fund custody platform based on blockchain technology can realize asset The real-time sharing of information between the entrusting party, asset managers, asset custodians, investment consultants and auditors not only automates the entire process, but also ensures the security of contract performance and the authenticity of transactions. In actual business, the introduction of blockchain technology is expected to shorten the original business process by 60%-80%, making credit exchange more efficient.

Huang Runzhong, Secretary-General of the China Banking Association, pointed out that asset custody is a technology-intensive industry and investment in science and technology should be increased, especially big data, cloud computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence.The application of high technologies such as intelligence will build an innovative, technological and refined comprehensive hosting platform that integrates information interaction, business processing, inter-sector correlation support, value-added services and many other functions.

However, P2P online loan bank fund custody is currently progressing at a slow pace.

The "2018 Semi-annual Briefing on the P2P Online Lending Industry" released by Lingyi Finance·Lingyi Think Tank shows that as of the end of the first half of 2018, there were at least 909 platforms that had officially connected with bank depository systems.

As of the end of June, there were still more than 1,800 domestic P2P online loans, that is, nearly half of the platforms in the industry were still not included in bank fund custody. But even if bank funds are deposited, are the platform funds safe?

However, among the P2P online lending platforms that have experienced risks recently, there are many platforms that have conducted bank custody. As of June 26, 2018, statistics from Rong360 Big Data Research Institute showed that a total of 65 platforms had problems in June, of which 7 platforms were listed for bank custody.

“If online lending institutions strictly follow regulatory requirements and strictly implement bank custody of funds, risks will be effectively avoided.” Xiao Sa, director of the Bank of China Law Research Association, believes that compared with bank asset custody, P2P networks There is still a certain gap in the custody of bank funds for loans, but regulatory innovation is strengthening, and banks’ custody capabilities are also rapidly upgrading. It is expected that with the strengthening of supervision and the standardization of the industry in the future, more conducive to the steady development of the industry will be explored. mode.

❼ What will happen when ICO will be included in the supervision?

On August 28, a China Securities Regulatory Commission insider confirmed to reporters that the recent hot ICO has attracted the attention of regulators. At present, Preparing various materials. "Currently, ICOs are very risky. In the long run, they will definitely be included in supervision."

4 Questions about ICOs

1. Should ICOs be included? Supervision?

Tang Ling, CEO of Zhigui Technology and general sponsor of Molian, told reporters that ICO should be included in supervision. Under the demonstration of wealth effect, there are currently too many "MLM coins" and "air coins". Many projects can be financed before they are confirmed. Investors are crazy about speculating in coins and the risks are high.

Xiao Sa, director of the China Science and Technology Finance Law Research Association, believes that the National Financial Work Conference emphasized the need to strengthen the "professionalism, unity, and penetration" of financial supervision, and all financial businesses must be included in supervision. ICOs should also be included in regulations. Financial innovation can only be viable if it complies with laws and regulations. Any violation and abuse will be counterproductive.

Li Lin said that since there is currently no supervision on the use of funds after ICO financing, the whereabouts of the funds after financing is a mystery. He suggested that supervision should pay attention to investor suitability.

2. How should ICO be regulated?

Tian Ying, vice president of OKCoin, believes that the supervision of ICO must first clarify the legal basis. Conduct registration management of ICO companies and conduct open and transparent custody of tokens raised by ICOFor management, project sponsors, token circulation platforms, and third-party publicity agencies need to strengthen inspections of project authenticity, increase investor risk education, and effectively control risks. These regulatory measures can be implemented after characterization. Many legal experts also suggest referring to the financial technology sandbox regulatory system implemented in the United Kingdom and Singapore to minimize the contradiction between innovation and risk.

As for how to supervise, Tang Ling suggested setting up project review and due diligence. At present, ICO projects are "self-examination and self-examination". Although the agent investment platform will also review, there is no filing. At the same time, fund custody should be established. In the early days, some media revealed that some platforms used precipitated funds to purchase financial products. This was caused by the lack of fund custody, and it was easy for the platform to run away with the money. In addition, standardize management and do not allocate funds all at once. Many entrepreneurs have never seen so much money and don’t know how to spend it, which can lead to problems.

Xiao Sa believes that the specific regulatory focus is: product registration, information disclosure, asset custody, project authenticity, and qualified investment.

“Product filing and registration is an effective method for regulatory agencies to understand and monitor high-risk financial businesses; information disclosure is a regular solution, which can make projects more transparent; asset custody prevents cases involving stakeholders; the authenticity of the project is Minimum requirements for ICO issuers; qualified investment, matching risks and investors at different levels, and restricting speculative funds." Xiao Sa said.

3. What are the difficulties in ICO supervision?

Tang Ling said that the difficulty in supervision is that many platforms can now conduct ICO through smart contracts, especially through Ethereum projects. They can raise money by themselves without going through the platform. There are many private placements and high risks. .

Tian Ying believes that determining the nature of ICO is a difficulty in promoting supervision. ICO is somewhat similar to crowdfunding, but it is not exactly the same. The U.S. SEC recently announced the results of its investigation into THE DAO token, believing that the token falls into the category of securities and falls under the supervision of securities regulatory laws. This determination is also the result of US regulators spending a lot of time on research and analysis. Some non-security tokens may be expected to obtain the right to use certain products, which do not fall into the category of securities.

She believes that ICO is a product of the Internet, and some ICO projects are operated globally. In the management process, international coordination needs to be strengthened. There is also the question of how strong the supervision should be.

Xiao Sa said that there are differences in the industry regarding the nature of ICO. If the essence of ICO is characterized as "barter for goods", exchanging one special virtual currency for another special virtual currency, it can still be explained.

If an ICO project directly raises "legal currency", including RMB, US dollars, euros, etc., it can be understood as a "deposit" that illegally absorbs public deposits. Once it meets the requirements for the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits under Article 176 of the Criminal Law , it may constitute a crime.

Xiao Sa believes that if an ICO project has a dividend clause, it will have an equity mark. If the project has a buy-back clause, it will be suspected of "guaranteing capital and interest".It is doubtful that, similar to financial products, issuing financial products without a license is actually an illegal business activity. In judicial practice, if illegal operations are difficult to define, then the above-mentioned behaviors are likely to be classified as pyramid schemes. During the promotion process of many ICO projects, there are promotion reward behaviors, such as "getting an investor to return tokens".

4. What is the impact of regulation on ICO?

Weiyou Yuanjie CEO Chu Xia Hu told the Beijing News reporter that regulators should regulate the development of ICOs, especially the establishment of a "qualified investor system" because many ordinary investors do not have the ability to bear high risks. , should not participate in such a high-risk project. If there is no qualified investor system, it will easily cause social problems.

As for the impact of supervision, Tian Ying said that in the short term, it will have an impact on the current market, but in the long term, it will be beneficial to the sustained and healthy development of the entire digital asset industry, truly making the market healthy first and then efficient. On the other hand, supervision will also enable high-quality projects to demonstrate their value.

A research report from Huachuang Securities believes that the innovation trend of ICO deserves attention. In the long run, as its influence grows, only by accepting supervision can the healthy and orderly development of the industry be promoted. ICO platforms or projects with strong capabilities are expected to take the lead in embracing supervision, balancing innovative attributes and potential risks, and becoming beneficiaries of the future development of ICOs.