王团长区块链日记 币乎,王团长区块链日记

近日，区块链技术受到越来越多的关注，它不仅是一种新的技术，更是一种新的理念，它能够改变我们的生活和商业模式。作为一名区块链技术的热衷者，我一直在关注区块链技术的发展，并将其应用到日常生活中。

今天，我要分享的是王团长的区块链日记。王团长是一位技术大牛，他曾经在知名的区块链公司任职，他对区块链技术有着深入的了解，他把他的经验和知识记录在了他的区块链日记中。

王团长的区块链日记主要分为三个部分：区块链技术，区块链应用和区块链投资。在区块链技术方面，他深入浅出地讲解了区块链技术的原理，以及它的应用场景，让读者能够更好地理解区块链技术。在区块链应用方面，他提出了许多有价值的建议，以及如何将区块链技术应用到实际生活中。在区块链投资方面，他分析了当前区块链投资的现状，并提出了如何进行有效投资的建议，以获得最佳投资回报。

通过王团长的区块链日记，我们可以更好地了解区块链技术，以及如何将其应用到实际生活中，从而获得最佳投资回报。王团长的区块链日记是一个很好的学习资源，不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解区块链技术，还可以帮助我们更好地投资。因此，我强烈推荐大家阅读王团长的区块链日记，以便更好地了解区块链技术，并可以更好地进行投资。

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㈠ The first blockchain scoring trophy appears in this European Cup. Who has the best chance to win it?

France, the favorite of this European Cup so far, has been eliminated. , the defending champion Portugal was also eliminated, and the German team also lost to England. At present, Italy and England are expected to win, but there may be a dark horse team. After all, in the history of the European Cup, this situation has never happened. They rarely appear, but after France is eliminated, Italy and England are the most popular teams. These two teams have the hope of reaching the top of Europe.

The final should be England versus Italy. England is more optimistic about winning the championship.

㈡ In the blockchain trend, even pigs can fly into the sky, why are you worse than pigs

I would like to dedicate this document to my friends who have disappeared:

< p> I think you who are not doing well in the currency circle must have thought hard about this issue.

Friends who entered the currency circle together disappeared as they walked. Some people seemed to be cheating, from nobody to small V, to medium V...

Now You can only look up to them, and occasionally speak to their masterpieces. If you are lucky, the other party will reply: "Brother, are you still here?"

Or, go through bulls and bears together. My partner, you are now worth millions and millions. Not only do you have financial freedom, but you have also developed a set of investment methodologies. You are ready to enlighten the people's wisdom and lead everyone to learn together. Are you still a confused little leek?

A tough cat has a popular article "Top 10 Tricks for Ordinary People to Rise Quickly". You may have read it and you were very excited, but there is no more.

You want to say, this is all a lie! I will never be fooled again.

But the fact is, all of this may be true, but you ignored a premise.

Can ordinary people seize the opportunity? Is it possible for ordinary people to have financial freedom?

Is Teacher Li Xiaolai a preacher or a master liar?

We can hear all kinds of theories, and we are desperately trying to find the truth among a bunch of miscellaneous clues.

However, everyone may have overlooked the most important point. Before answering these questions, you need to figure out: "Am I an ordinary person?"

You may think that I Asking nonsense!
"Of course I am an ordinary person," you may think, "who doesn't have two eyes and one nose?"

But the truth is, maybe the "ordinary people" these people call and the "ordinary people" you think of yourself are not the same thing?

Before that, please be patient and listen to me tell a story:

There is a very popular program called "news.from.lake wobegone" on the American public radio station. This is calledLake Wobegon is a fictional prairie town. There is a consensus in this town: the women in the town are all strong, the men are good-looking, and the children are all above average.

Of course, this is a joke, the men, women and children here are no different from anywhere else.

But real-world surveys show that we are just as ridiculous as the residents of woebegone:

Social psychologists like to use the term "lake woebegone effect" to refer to people's behavior. A psychological tendency:

People always feel that they are better than their true selves.

Moreover, here is a further corollary:
"Duening-Kruger effect":
At Cornell University, the students with the worst grades have a negative impact on themselves The cognitive bias is the largest.

Maybe my explanation is more implicit, but more concisely:

The more stupid you are, the more awesome you feel!

Of course, please don’t get me wrong. I am not accusing all my colleagues who are still struggling at the bottom (including myself) of being stupid. I just want to explain the reason, that is,
Perhaps those "ordinary people" who are rapidly rising in success books or in the real world have different standards from yours for "ordinary people"?

Now let’s assume a situation:

You know about the currency circle through various channels. In order to make money, you start to pay attention to the projects in the currency circle, and then you discover Bihu. , decided to start writing articles, you consider yourself an "ordinary person".

First of all, maybe your judgment process is correct. Your understanding of "ordinary people" is the public average. Then you, with an IQ of over 100, have a stable job with no worries about food and drink, and you usually read a book. Reading, I feel that the word "ordinary people" is tailor-made for you.

Then, you meet a friend and say, "Hello, I'm a blockchain newbie." You greet the other person, and the other person also says that he is a newbie.

"Let's start writing articles together", you suggested, and the other party expressed his willingness: "Let's study together"!

Next, after you finish work every day, you will almost faint when you come home. You spend 4-5 hours to write an article, and there are only a few likes. The other party is also bleak, and the profit is not good. .

However, you may not know that the other person is very efficient at work. After the work is done, he can also collect materials and organize the framework. The article will be published half an hour after returning home.

Then, you begin to realize that just writing articles is not enough, you also need to know how to promote them, so in addition to spending 4-5 hours typing on the keyboard, you also have to comment on various big V articles. Go to the WeChat group to like and interact with each other.

Finally got some results, your old manMother-in-law, parents, children, and the boss are not happy, "I don't know what I am doing all day long, and I don't go to class well/I don't take care of my children well/I don't do housework well either/I keep talking about it every day, I'm afraid I was deceived by a pyramid scheme." !”

You start to explain to your parents, wife, children, seven aunts and eight aunts that this is a storm, a rare event in a hundred years.

My wife stared and said, "I talk about the news every day, but I haven't seen a penny. The toilet light is broken, and it takes a hundred years to repair it!"

And you may not know, The other party is a scientific research talent who has just returned from overseas. He is dressed in cumin and has no worries.

In the end, you may be upset: "I have to write articles and promote things, do I still have to go to work?"

After persisting for a while, you find that during the day I have low energy, make frequent mistakes at work, and am called to the office by my boss to be scolded. I come back in the evening with my son’s failing report card, and am scolded by my wife. My income and writing speed remain as stationary as the motion of an object without external force. , suddenly disheartened.

While the other party was writing, he suddenly found inspiration. He combined the psychological theory he was familiar with with currency investment, and deeply analyzed the application of behavioral science in currency investment, which received unanimous praise.

Moreover, because he wrote content he was familiar with, the other party wrote faster and better, attracting many fans and attracting the attention of big Vs.
"This guy is a talent." Big V began to invite him to join his resource group for mutual benefit.

The above is just a story, you may say that I made it up randomly.
It doesn't matter, the story is not important, what is important is that we may have misestimated our abilities.

We are all ordinary people, but not all ordinary people can rise quickly.

The speed of making wealth in the currency circle is so fast that people forget some common sense that is universally applicable:

No one’s success is achieved overnight.

We only saw their rise to fame in one battle, their rapid rise, but ignored how much they had accumulated.

Before Mr. Wang moved into the currency circle, he was the marketing director of a certain Taobao cosmetics brand.

Mr. Li Xiaolai was already a popular Internet celebrity writer before entering the currency circle.

Zhao Changpeng was a genius geek before entering the currency circle.

They were once ordinary people, and they were not ordinary people.

The popularity of blockchain only gives us a fast path from 1 to positive infinity, no matter how difficult it is for us to go from 0-1.

There are so many ordinary people who have no skills at all and no wings. How can they fly?

So, when the wind blows, pigs can fly to the sky. I think this sentence is wrong. You must at least be a chicken.

㈢What are the media in the currency circle

Blockchain media list

A:

B: Bit Finance, Coin World, Barbie Finance, Babbitt, Bochain Finance, Ben Satoshi District Blockchain, Bingtang Finance, Coin Circle Bond, Coin Report, Coin Finance, Coin Grandpa, Bullwhip BiaNews, Coin Circle Know Early, Coin Earning Alliance, Coin Circle Must-Read, Coin Circle Trends, Vernacular Blockchain, Coin Circle gossip, currency calculations, the unscrupulous young master of the currency circle, BitZhi Finance, BitFriends Club, Bit Wu, BitZhi, BitPanpan, BitLeader, BitXiang Finance, BitRating, BitNews bitnews, Bit Street, BitRating You Finance, Bit Toutiao

C: Cai Lianshe

D: Cannon Rating, Ruo Zhou

E: Ear Finance, EOS Gravity Zone< br />
F: FN Finance, Fenghuo Finance, Fenguo Finance

G: Shared Finance, Fruity Finance,

H: Mars Finance, Huoxun Finance, Hash Finance, Nuclear Finance, Huer Finance, Dolphin Blockchain, Overseas Currency Circle, Honghuang Finance, Hujing Finance

I:

J: Golden Finance , Jiuyi Finance, Money News, Golden Bull Finance, Golden Bull Blockchain under Node Finance, Gold Coin Finance, Today’s Coin Circle, Jiazi Guangnian, Jinta

K: Block Connection, Kuazhi District Blockchain

L: Link Finance, Lianhu Finance, LianDeDe, LianDoctor, LianJin Finance, Leilu Finance, Lian Hero, Lianzhi Finance, Blue Fox Notes, Lian Guan Tian Xia, Chain , Lianlian Finance, Lianbaitiao, Liantianxia, ​​Laojin Financial Notes

M: Daily Coin Reading, Cat Talk, Magic City Block,

N: Niujin Finance, Nvxia Blockchain

O: OneTV

P: Poker Finance, Pilian Finance

Q: Block House, District Blockchain Era, District Coin Detective, Blockchain Pencil Blockchain, Blockchain Official WeChat, Blockchain Breakfast, Blockchain Base Camp, Blockchain Investment Internal Reference, Colorful Blocks, Qifeng Finance, Blockchain Outpost (InfoQ ), Quanchain Finance

R: Digital Currency Multiplication Science, Digital Asset Technical Analysis, Jungian Finance, Blockchain Bedtime Stories, Blockchain Field, Block Rhythm BlockBeats, Blockchain Xiaoyao Sub

S: Sanyan Finance, Three O'clock Finance, Shilian Finance, Digital Currency Trend Madman, Digital Asset Information Network, Digital Asset V, Shuiling House, Deep Chain Finance, Garlic Media

T: Gyro Finance, Ostrich Blockchain

U:

V:

W: Future Finance, Future Finance Information, Wang Tuanchang Blockchain Diary, Wu Jie Blockchain

X: Hip-Hop Finance, Virtual Currency I, Virtual Currency Business Opportunities, Little Monkey Looking at Blockchain, Rhino Blockchain

Y: Ant Block Finance, Yiben Finance, Going to Start

Z: China-Europe Blockchain Observation, Early Comment on Finance, True Finance

#: District 31, 8MIN Blockchain

㈣ Which chain circles and currency circles does the wine chain relate to? Media reaches cooperation

Tokenbook Node Finance Bull Market Finance Wendian Finance Maisui Finance Coin Mawen Finance Kuaifu Finance
Jiulian Finance tokenclub Wang Tuanzhang Blockchain

㈤ Blockchain Industry Public Opinion Research Report

Blockchain technology is considered to be the fifth core technology most likely to trigger a disruptive revolution. After experiencing periodic chaos and bubble periods, as the country The intervention of policies and the implementation of relevant supervision will gradually +B39 get on the right track and develop in a healthy direction. In 2017, blockchain suddenly became popular all over the world and became the focus. If the emergence of blockchain made people in the industry excited at first, and ordinary people had an attitude that it had nothing to do with them and just passed by, then it can be said that blockchain has quickly and deeply entered the public's consciousness. view. The concept of blockchain was proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. Its characteristics such as decentralization, non-tamperability, and traceability have attracted many investors to invest in it. Blockchain has gradually entered various industry fields, bringing not only considerable changes, but also some adverse effects. Analysts analyze and discuss the development trends of China's blockchain industry by collecting and sorting out data related to China's blockchain industry. The rising trend of blockchain popularity can be clearly seen from the network index trend chart of blockchain and digital currencies in the past six months. It turns out that the popularity of blockchain has only increased, and by the end of 2017, there was even an explosive rise. According to the trend chart, it can be predicted that the exponential growth of the blockchain network will show a gentle trend in the near future. The digital currency network index, which is closely related to the blockchain, was not much different from the network index of the blockchain before 2018. That was because the popularity of the blockchain detonated the value of Bitcoin, and many people took the opportunity to follow suit, causing the market to be chaotic for a time. . Since the beginning of 2018, the network index of blockchain has far exceeded that of digital currency. Such changes indicate that more people are focusing on blockchain, which will also be more conducive to the healthy development of blockchain technology. The value of digital currencies represented by Bitcoin has doubled, and ICOs have followed the trend. Financing models such as ICO are both similar to and different from traditional IPO financing methods. It can open up markets on a global scale and gain more development opportunities. However, because many people have ulterior motives, and ICO is currently completely without anyThe strict review process has caused frequent chaos in the ICO market. The positive and negative impacts brought by ICO also make countries have different attitudes when facing this mixed market. According to the information table on the attitudes of some countries towards ICO, it can be seen that the most clear-cut attitudes are China and Japan. China completely bans ICO projects and defines them as illegal financing activities; Japan allows ICO projects and takes the lead in establishing a blockchain alliance; Countries such as the Philippines, Russia, and Canada adopt a regulation + development model, do not prohibit ICO projects, and actively build regulatory systems. Since the United States is a federal country, states have different attitudes. It is worth mentioning that the attitudes towards ICOs in Hong Kong and Macau are the same as those in mainland China, while Taiwan is very different. The person in charge of the "Taiwan Financial Regulatory Agency" promised to adopt a more friendly attitude to support enterprises. Development and adoption of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology in Taiwan. The top 10 national blockchain platforms are mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The top 10 national blockchain platforms show that Bitmain, Babbitt/Blockyuan and Huobi occupy the top three positions. The top 10 blockchain platforms are mainly concentrated in Beijing. Most of them were launched relatively early, with many episodes in 2016. years ago. Generally speaking, the development of blockchain has driven the development of related industries and set off a wave of entrepreneurship. Blockchain-related companies are mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong, which is affected by the high barriers to blockchain technology. Beijing is rich in talent resources and has a good entrepreneurial environment. Shanghai has a unique financial status and has the greatest possibility of incubating the most successful companies in blockchain applications. Guangdong has a strong entrepreneurial atmosphere, which can attract related entrepreneurs. and promote the implementation of relevant enterprises. In addition, Hangzhou also benefits from its excellent Internet financial industry, and the blockchain industry is performing well. With the development of blockchain, related companies will appear in more cities. The popularity of blockchain continues unabated, and a large number of related public accounts have been spawned. It can be seen from the top 10 most influential WeChat public accounts that the number one “Digital Currency Trend Madman” is estimated to have more than 800,000 active fans in the past seven days, and the number two “Wang Tuanzhang Blockchain Diary” is estimated The number of active fans is also close to 500,000, and "Bi Lao Ye", who is estimated to have close to 400,000 active fans, is close behind, ranking third. The increase in public accounts also shows that more and more people are paying attention to the blockchain industry. Blockchain is becoming more and more popular. The average salary for related positions was 23,800 yuan before November 2017. By 2018, the average salary had reached 25,800 yuan. According to the skill demand chart for blockchain positions, it can be seen that the most important ones are commonly used development languages ​​(Go, C++, Java). In addition, you also need to have sufficient understanding of cryptography, formula algorithms, smart contracts, etc. In addition, There are also positions with relatively low thresholds such as operations. In general, the talent gap in the blockchain industry is relatively large. Blockchain technology is considered to be the fifth core technology most likely to trigger a disruptive revolution. After experiencing a period of chaos,After the bubble period, with the intervention of national policies and the implementation of relevant supervision, it will gradually get on the right track and develop in a healthy direction. Blockchain will inevitably produce bubbles when it develops, but these bubbles will gradually become controllable with the healthy development of blockchain. The development prospects of blockchain and the innovations it can bring are unpredictable. From now on, leave this stage to it and watch its performance.

㈥ What other blockchain industry media besides Golden Finance and Blockchain Industry

Besides the two you mentioned, there are forum-type media such as Babbitt, In the information category, there are Crypto Finance, Lianxiang Finance, etc. You can search them all.

㈦ What is Captain Wang’s blockchain?

There were also moments of gloom and silence, and her husband would show respect with sympathetic silence. He thinks this is because of her

㈧ [Hall of Fame] Founder of Blockchain Pencil (ChainB) - Prince Baozou Gong

Gong Ming, also known as "Prince Baozou Gong", ICO Founder of AGE (formerly the largest ICO platform in China) and Blockchain Pencil (the largest Chinese blockchain media). Since 2012, he has been committed to promoting the development of digital currency and blockchain industries. He has translated and written a large number of relevant materials and blockchain white papers, and participated in "Blockchain Society", "Blockchain - New Economic Blueprint", "Digital Currency" and many other works.

​

Prince Gong of Baozou·Weibo ID

Speaking of Prince Gong of Baozou, people outside the blockchain circle may be unfamiliar, but This title is extraordinary within the circle.

The first time I met Prince Baozou Gong was at the Gravity Zone event in Chengdu. Many blockchain “believers” came for Baozou Gong that day.

Initially, Prince Baozou Gong was just a Weibo ID.

Initial research on digital currency

Just after he was released from prison in 2010, he plunged into the field of digital currency research. With a salary of 1,200 yuan, he silently predicted The trend of digital currency.

In 2012, the transfer payment method was still very traditional. The cumbersome procedures and extremely inefficient transfer process often made Baozou miserable. “After reading the information on Bitcoin at the time, I felt that this could be solved. My past doubts."

Different from most laymen, Bao Bao, a mathematics major, has not only done program development for more than ten years, but also has experience in finance, so he quickly digested the Bitcoin currency and even the logic of blockchain technology. When he transferred the Bitcoins from his wallet to a friend for the first time, Baozhua was particularly excited. "Transferring money is so convenient. It feels like sending an email for the first time. This is the future!"

Bitcoin opens the door to violenceThe door to the new world, so he was very happy to do some popular science work. "At that time, there were more technical discussions abroad, and I really wanted to spread these things back to China."

Translation & Author Book

At that time, he translated a large amount of foreign information and reports about Bitcoin on Weibo.

He has translated and written a large number of relevant materials and blockchain white papers, and participated in many publications such as "Blockchain Society", "Blockchain - New Economic Blueprint", and "Digital Currency". book.

Gradually, everyone became accustomed to calling Gong Ming "Prince Baozou Gong", and "Prince Baozou Gong" has become an influential figure in the blockchain circle.

Blockchain Pencil (ChainB)

Prince Gong translated many articles on blockchain technology, and later created blockchain media: Blockchain Pencil. “I always believe that technology is the most important, so the Blockchain Pencil only introduces technology and tells you what is truly valuable. As for the quality of blockchain applications, we will give you various overseas materials for reference. ”

Blockchain Pencil (website domain name ChainB.com) is an authoritative new media that provides the latest and most comprehensive information reports on the global blockchain industry.

The website publishes authoritative, comprehensive and professional blockchain information in real time 24 hours a day, 7 hours a day, including blockchain-related industry trends, company news, events and conferences, etc. The content covers the block chain Chain companies, related venture capital opportunities, digital currency and digital asset-related news and other news.

Participate in the EOS super node election

At an event, Prince Gong Baozou mainly introduced two blockchain projects in which he participated: the decentralized exchange CYBEX and blockchain incubator LongHash.

He said that EOS.CYBEX will develop the first test chain of EOS and provide EOS developers with a complete testing environment and tools for free. Its LongHash incubator can provide free support to outstanding EOS developers around the world. At the same time, taking this opportunity, Baozou officially announced its participation in the EOS super node election.

Why did you choose to work on CYBEX and LongHash? Baozang also has its own considerations: “What we hope to do is a platform that can provide everyone with complete basic services. The biggest starting point for doing these projects is to hope that the industry will be healthy. Development."

With the participation of candidates such as Laomao, Coin Capital, and Gravity Zone, the competition for EOS super nodes is becoming increasingly fierce. Baozou believes in BM's technical strength, which is why he has been paying attention to BTS An important reason for development is that CYBEX is actually in EWhat needs to be done on OS is similar to BitShares.

For these reasons, it is expected that Baozou issued "CYBEX will bring together its deep development experience, market operation experience and rich industry resources to empower the EOS community."

㈨ The first blockchain scoring trophy appeared in this European Cup. What does this mean?

In the match between Scotland and the Czech Republic in Group D of the European Cup, Schick used a The midfielder's ultra-long-distance lob shot became famous. Although Scottish goalkeeper Marshall tried his best to chase back, he was unable to make a comeback. UEFA officially released the 2020 European Cup Alipay Scoring Trophy. The trophies are divided into three gold, silver and bronze trophies, which are used to reward the top three players in the competition. This is also the first blockchain trophy in the 60-year history of the European Cup. .

After the game, what spread wildly on social media was not only the "comedian" Immobile's "social death" moment, but also the scoring trophy. The dust has settled. Although the famous scene of "social death" in this European Cup has attracted most people's attention, it cannot take away the limelight of Ronaldo as the winner of the scoring trophy. After all, he is the first "winding ball king" in human history.

The cooperation between Ant Chain and the European Cup is a big contribution. As the official partner of the 2020 European Cup, it will not only put the wonderful moments of this European Cup on the chain for permanent preservation, but also Blockchain technology was integrated into the scoring trophy, launching the first blockchain scoring trophy in the history of the European Cup. I think this time, although Ronaldo, Schick and Benzema's team failed to win the championship, they were able to win the trophy. And to receive such an honor, they must be deeply honored.

㈩ What are the reliable and recommended WeChat public accounts and WeChat groups in the blockchain field?

Contracts, transactions and their records constitute our socio-economic, legal and political systems An important part of. They protect our assets and define the boundaries of the organization. They form and authenticate our personal identities and various historical events. They manage a range of activities between countries, organizations, communities and individuals. They direct all administrative and social activities. But these critical tools, and the bureaucracy that governs them, have not kept pace with the digital transformation of the economy. It's like an F1 car suddenly encountering a big jam. In a digital world, our approach to regulation and administrative control must change.

Blockchain has the potential to solve this problem. As the core supporting technology of Bitcoin and other virtual currencies, blockchain is an open, distributed ledger that can effectively record transaction records between two parties, and is verifiable and permanently saved. The ledger itself can be programmed to automatically trigger transaction completion.

Five basic principles of blockchain technology

1. Distributed database

Blockchain Each party on the network has access to all data and its complete historyhistorical records. No one party controls the data or information. Each party can directly verify the records of all parties to the transaction, without the need for an intermediary.

2. Point-to-point communication

Each independent point can communicate directly without going through a central node. Each node can store information and pass all information to all other nodes.

3. Limited transparency

Users who have access to the system can see each transaction and its value. Each node or user on the blockchain has a unique address consisting of letters and numbers, which can be used as the user's identity. Users can choose to remain anonymous or disclose their identity to others. Transactions occur between addresses on the blockchain.

4. Records cannot be changed

Once the transaction results are entered into the database, the account information will be updated accordingly, and the records cannot be changed, because this information is mutually exclusive with all previous transaction records. Association (this is where the term "chain" comes from). Various computational algorithms and methods are used to ensure that the records in the database are permanent, ordered in chronological order, and visible to everyone else on the network.

5. Computational logic

The digital nature of the ledger means that blockchain transactions can be linked to computational logic and can actually be implemented through programming. All users can set algorithms and rules so that transactions can be automatically triggered between nodes.


With blockchain technology, we can imagine a new world in which contracts are stored in a transparent and shared database in the form of digital programming and will not be deleted or deleted. To tamper with, to be revised. In such a world, every agreement, every process, every task and every payment will have a digital record and digital signature that can be identified, verified, stored and shared. Intermediaries such as lawyers, brokers and bankers are no longer necessary. Individuals, organizations, machines and algorithms are free to interact and transact with each other frictionlessly. This is the endless potential brought by blockchain.

In fact, almost everyone has heard that blockchain will have a revolutionary impact on businesses and will redefine businesses and the economy. While we remain enthusiastic about the potential of blockchain, we are also concerned that it may be overblown. It’s not just security issues (like the collapse of a Bitcoin exchange in 2014 and recent hacks) that worry us. The experience of studying technological innovation tells us that if there is a blockchain revolution in the future, there will be many obstacles - technical, governance, organizational and social obstacles. Reckless application of blockchain technological innovations without a true and thorough understanding of blockchain is likely to lead to a big mistake.

We believe that blockchain can truly bring changes to enterprises and governmentsReform will take many years. Because blockchain is not a "disruptive" technology, disruptive technology can impact traditional business models with low-cost solutions and can quickly replace traditional enterprises. We believe that blockchain is a fundamental technology: one with the potential to create new foundations for our economic and social systems. But its impact is widespread, and it will take decades for blockchain to penetrate economic and social infrastructure. The process of blockchain popularization will be gradual, and this process and its strategic significance will be the focus of this article.

Patterns of Technology Adoption

Before discussing blockchain strategy and investment, let’s recall what we know about technology adoption below process, especially the adoption process of other underlying technologies. One of the most relevant examples is the adoption of distributed computer network technology, namely the TCP/IP protocol, which laid the foundation for the development of the Internet.

TCP/IP first appeared in 1972 and gained widespread attention in a single use case: it emerged as the basis for sending emails between researchers on the ARPAnet, which was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense The predecessor of the commercial Internet. Before TCP/IP, the communication system architecture was based on "circuit switching". The connection between two parties or two machines had to be preset and maintained through a switch. To ensure that any two nodes can communicate, telecom service providers and equipment manufacturers have invested billions of dollars in dedicated lines.

TCP/IP completely changes the above model. The new protocol digitizes information and breaks it into many small packets, each of which includes address information. Once these packets are released into the network, they can take any route to reach the recipient. Data sending and receiving points in the network can decompose the data packets, reassemble the data packets, and interpret the data. This eliminates the need for dedicated lines or large-scale infrastructure. TCP/IP creates an open, shared public network with no central agency or body responsible for maintenance and updates.

Traditional telecommunications companies and related companies are skeptical of TCP/IP. Few imagine that data, information, audio and video can be established under a new system, and few imagine that related systems will be very secure and develop rapidly. However, from the late 1980s to the 1990s, more and more companies, such as Sun, NeXT, HP, and Silicon Graphics, used TCP/IP to develop internal local area networks within the company. In doing so, they developed technologies that transcended email and increasingly replaced traditional LAN technologies and standards. As enterprises adopt these newly developed technologies and tools, their production efficiency has been greatly improved.

In the mid-1990s, the emergence of the World Wide Web made TCP/IP has been widely used. Newly created high-tech companies began to provide the "tools"—the hardware, software, and related services necessary to connect to and exchange information with today's public networks. Netscape commercialized browsers, web servers, and other tools and components. Sun Corporation promoted the development of application programming language-Java. With the exponential growth of information on the Internet, the emergence of Infoseek, Excite, AltaVista, and Yahoo are all guiding users to use TCP/IP technology.

Once this basic infrastructure is widely accepted, a new generation of businesses can seize the opportunity brought by low-cost Internet access to create more Internet services, which in turn helps to There are alternative business models. CNET brings news online. Amazon sells more books than any brick-and-mortar bookstore. Priceline and Expedia make buying air tickets easier and the entire buying process more transparent. These new entrants are expanding their business at very low costs, causing traditional businesses such as newspapers and physical retail stores to feel unprecedented pressure.

Relying on the widespread presence of the Internet, companies have created novel and revolutionary applications that are enough to fundamentally change traditional business models and create value. These enterprises are built on new P2P architectures and generate value by coordinating users of distributed networks. Consider how eBay transformed online retailing with its auction model, Napster transformed the music industry, Skype transformed telecommunications, and Google transformed web search by leveraging the links users form to provide more precise search results.

Many companies are already using blockchain to track goods along the supply chain. Ultimately, it took more than 30 years for TCP/IP to gain widespread acceptance—used alone, locally, as a replacement, and as a catalyst for transformation—and reshape our economy. Today, more than half of the world's most valuable listed companies have Internet-driven, platform-based business models. The foundations of our economy have fundamentally changed. Physical assets and proprietary intellectual property are no longer guarantees of competitive advantage; companies that lead economic development can play a key role, especially those able to organize, influence, and coordinate extensive networks of communities, users, and organizations.

New System

Blockchain - the P2P network on top of the Internet - was launched as the core foundation of Bitcoin in October 2008 Entering people's field of vision, Bitcoin is a virtual currency system that does not issue currency, transfer ownership and confirm transactions through a central authority. Bitcoin is the first real-world application of blockchain technology.

The similarities between blockchain and TCP/IP are obvious. Just like email allows people to exchange information, Bitcoin allows people to conduct transactions. The development and maintenance of blockchain is open, distributed, and shared—Just like TCP/IP. A group of volunteers around the world maintain its core software. Like email, Bitcoin received enthusiastic support from the beginning, but only from a relatively small number of people.

TCP/IP has significantly reduced interconnection costs, thus creating new value for economic development. Likewise, blockchain can significantly reduce transaction costs. Blockchain has the potential to become the system of record for all transactions. If this becomes a reality and new businesses based on blockchain technology will influence and control emerging industries, the economy will once again undergo fundamental changes.

First, let’s take a look at how businesses operate today. Recording transactions is a core task that every business must do. These records track past activities and results and provide guidance for the future. They can provide insight into not only how a business works internally, but also how the business is connected to the outside world. Every business or organization will have its own records, and these records are private and confidential. Many companies do not have a general ledger record of all company activities; instead, all records are scattered within various branches or departments within the company. The problem is that reconciling transactions between individuals and private ledgers takes a lot of time and is also error-prone.

For example, a typical stock trade can be completed in microseconds without human intervention. However, settlement — transferring ownership of the shares — can take up to a week. This is mainly because no party has access to other people’s ledgers, and there is no way to automatically prove the owner of an asset, nor to automatically transfer assets. Instead, many intermediaries are needed to ensure the existence of the asset and to record the transfer of ownership of the asset.

In a blockchain system, ledgers can be replicated in many identical databases, each party will have a set of data, and stakeholders will also maintain records. When one party's data changes, all other copies of the ledger are updated at the same time. Whenever a transaction occurs, the asset type and value of the transaction are recorded in all ledgers. No third-party intermediary is required to prove or transfer ownership. If a stock transaction occurs on a blockchain system, its settlement will be completed within seconds, is extremely secure, and can withstand verification. (The vulnerability in the Bitcoin exchange hack was not in the blockchain itself, but in the separate systems that used the blockchain to connect the parties.)

A framework for blockchain to gain widespread acceptance

If Bitcoin is like early email, does it still take decades for blockchain to fully realize its potential? In our opinion, the answer is yes. We can’t predict exactly how many years it will take for change to occur, but we can guess what applications will emerge first and how widespread blockchain acceptance will eventually become a reality.

How basic technologies gain widespread acceptanceThere are usually four stages in the popularization of basic technology. Each stage depends on the innovativeness of the application and the complexity of the coordination effort. Less innovative and less complex apps will be accepted first. More innovative and complex applications will take decades to become widely accepted, but they can have a revolutionary impact on the economy. TCP/IP technology, introduced by ARPAnet in 1972, has reached a period of transformation, but blockchain applications are still in the early stages of development.

In our analysis, history shows that there are two dimensions that influence the development of underlying technologies and their application scenarios. The first is its innovativeness—how new an app is to the world. The more innovative it is, the more effort it will take for users to understand its functionality. The second dimension is complexity, represented by the level of ecosystem coordination—how many agents are required to use the technology and how diverse the agents are to co-create value. For example, a social network is useless with only one user; it is valuable only if all your relationships are on the social network. Other users of the application must work together to create value for participants. For many blockchain applications, the principle is the same. And as these applications increase in scale and impact, their adoption will bring about major institutional changes.

We developed a framework to analyze the development of innovation according to the two dimensions mentioned above, integrating it into four quadrants. Each quadrant represents a stage of technology development. Understanding which quadrant blockchain innovation falls in can help company executives understand the challenges faced by blockchain, as well as the level of coordination and consensus required to adopt blockchain technology, as well as the necessary laws and regulations. efforts. It also illustrates what processes and infrastructure are needed to drive widespread adoption of an innovation. Managers can use it to evaluate the status of blockchain development in any industry and evaluate the company's problems with strategic investments in blockchain.

Independent applications

In the first quadrant are applications that are less innovative and less difficult to coordinate and can provide more Well, a lower cost, more professional solution. Email is a low-cost communication method that replaces telephone calls, faxes and traditional letter-writing methods. It is also an independent application mode of TCP/IP technology (even though its value increases with the increase in the number of users). Bitcoin is also in this quadrant. Even in its infancy, Bitcoin is only an alternative payment method for a small number of people. (You can think of it as a complex email that transmits not just information, but actual value.) At the end of 2016, the total market value of Bitcoin was expected to reach $92 billion. The overall global payment market size has reached 411 trillion US dollars. The scale of Bitcoin is still very small, but Bitcoin is developing rapidly and is becoming more and more important in instant payments and foreign exchange and asset transactions. In these fieldsThe current financial system has limitations.

Partial Application

Innovations in the second quadrant are relatively novel but only require a limited number of users to create value. , so the promotion and popularization of this type of technology is relatively easy. If blockchain follows the development path of network technology, we can expect blockchain innovation to develop local private networks through independent applications, so that multiple organizations can be connected through a distributed ledger.

Many of the initial private blockchain projects basically appeared in the financial field, and there were relatively few companies within the network, so there was not much coordination cost. Nasdaq is partnering with Chain.com, a blockchain infrastructure provider, to provide related technology for processing and confirming financial transactions. Bank of America, JPMorgan Group, the New York Stock Exchange, Fidelity Investments, and Standard Chartered Bank are testing blockchain technology in many areas such as trade finance, foreign exchange, cross-border settlement, securities settlement, etc. in order to replace paper-based manual transaction processing processes. The Bank of Canada is testing a digital currency called CAD Coin for interbank transfer services. We expect private blockchains to continue to evolve and provide specific service functions for various industries.

Alternatives

The third quadrant contains applications that are relatively less innovative but require a lot of coordination because they Involves widespread public use. The purpose of these innovations is to replace traditional business models, so these applications will face many obstacles; not only do such innovations require more coordination, but the processes they are replacing are also very mature and deeply integrated with current enterprises and systems. Examples include cryptocurrencies - a new type of money that originated from the Bitcoin payment technology. The key difference is that cryptocurrencies require all parties to a currency transaction to accept the technology, which challenges governments and mechanisms that have long been under traditional regulatory systems. Consumers will also have to change their behavior and understand how to use cryptocurrencies to realize their potential.

A recent MIT experiment highlights the challenges facing digital currency systems. In 2014, the MIT Bitcoin Club provided $100 in Bitcoin to 4,494 MIT undergraduate students. Interestingly, 30% of students did not even register to receive this free money, and 20% of students who registered to receive it converted their Bitcoins into cash within a few weeks. Even tech-obsessed students have trouble understanding how and where to use Bitcoin.

One of the boldest alternative blockchain applications is Stellar, a non-profit project that aims to provide affordable financial services to those who have never had financial services, including banks. Business, micro payment, remittance. Stellar has its own virtual currency, lumens, and also allows users to save other assets on its system, including other currencies, airtime, and digital credits. SteLlar initially focused on Africa, especially Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy. There Stellar has gained widespread adoption among its target user groups and at very low cost. But the future will not be smooth sailing because there are many difficulties in industrial chain coordination. While grassroots adoption is proof of Stellar’s ​​vitality, to become a banking standard it will also need to influence government policy and convince central banks and large corporations to use it. This can take years of hard work.

Change

In the last quadrant are the most innovative applications that, if successful, will change the economic, social and political systems the essence of. This will involve the coordination of many entities, and it will also require unanimous support from large institutions in terms of standards and processes. The widespread adoption of such innovations will require significant changes in social, legal and political institutions.

“Smart contracts” are currently the most revolutionary blockchain application. Payments and transfers of currency or other assets are automatically completed when pre-agreed conditions are met. For example, as long as the goods are delivered, the smart contract will automatically pay the supplier. A company can indicate on the blockchain that a certain type of shipment has been delivered—or that a product has GPS functionality that automatically updates its location, which in turn triggers a payment. We are seeing early pilot projects of this kind of self-enforcing contracts in corporate finance, banking, and digital equity management.

The implications of this are exciting. The company will be built on contracts, from registration to buyer-supplier relationships to employee relationships. If contracts were self-executing, what would happen to traditional corporate structures, business processes, and intermediaries like lawyers and accountants? What will happen to managers? Their roles will fundamentally change. Before we get too excited, we must remember that we are still decades away from widespread adoption of smart contracts. This would not be possible without the support of big business. There is a lot of coordination and explanation required regarding the design, verification, implementation and execution of smart contracts. We believe this will take a long time. And the technical problems, especially the security issues, are also very daunting.

How to guide blockchain investments

How should company executives consider adopting blockchain technology within their enterprises? Our framework helps businesses identify the right opportunities.

For many enterprises, the easiest is the independent application model, which minimizes risks because this model is the least innovative and rarely involves third-party coordination issues. One strategy is to use Bitcoin as a payment mechanism. The Bitcoin infrastructure and market are already very mature, and the adoption of virtual currency will also require many functional departments to strengthen their blockchain technology application capabilities, including information technology, finance, accounting, sales and marketing, etc. Another low-risk approach is to do it internallyUse blockchain as a database application, such as managing physical and digital assets, recording internal transactions, and verifying identities. This is particularly useful for businesses that want to collaborate between multiple internal databases. Testing stand-alone applications will help companies develop the skills to meet the requirements of more advanced application models in the future. And it is precisely because of the emergence of cloud technology blockchain services from startups and large platforms such as Amazon and Microsoft that testing is becoming increasingly easier.

Localized applications are the natural choice for enterprises in the future. We have also seen that many companies are now investing in private chain networks, and many projects have only a very short-term impact. For example, financial institutions have found that the private chain networks they develop have a limited number of trustworthy counterparties, which can greatly reduce transaction costs.

Enterprises can also use localized applications to solve specific problems in cross-border transactions. For example, many companies are using blockchain to track goods in complex supply chains. This is already used in the diamond industry, where gemstones can be tracked from mine to consumer. This technology already exists.

Developing alternative applications requires careful planning because current solutions are difficult to replace. One approach is to focus on alternative models that do not require end users to change their behavior, proposing alternatives to original expensive and unattractive solutions. At the same time, alternatives must have the same functionality as traditional solutions and be easy for the ecosystem to accept and adopt. The gift card developed by First Data based on blockchain technology is an example of a well-thought-out alternative product. Retail companies that provide gift cards to consumers can use blockchain to track the flow of currency within accounts without relying on external payment processors, which can significantly reduce the cost of each transaction and improve security. These new gift cards even allow balance and transaction privileges to be transferred between merchants.

Blockchain can significantly reduce transaction costs and reshape the economic development model.

Disruptive applications are still far away. But it still makes sense to assess the likelihood of disruptive applications and step up early investments now. Disruptive applications are very influential when combined with new business models in which value creation and capture are different from the current methods. This business model is difficult to adopt, but it can drive the emergence of future companies.

Consider how law firms will change if they adopt smart contract technology. They need to develop new skills in software and blockchain programming. They may also have to rethink their hourly payment model, considering a transaction fee model or a contract custody fee model, just two of the possible models. Whatever approach is taken, company executives must make sure they understand and test the business model implications before making changes.

Transformative scenarios emerge last, but can bring considerable value. They will have a profound impact in two aspects: large-scaleThe model public identity system is used for entry passport control functions, as well as algorithm-driven decision-making during the prevention of money laundering and complex financial transactions involving multiple parties. We don’t expect these applications to be widely adopted and popular for at least a decade or even longer.

Transformative applications will also drive the emergence of new platform companies that will orchestrate and manage new ecosystems. These companies will be the next generation of Google and Facebook. This requires patience to achieve. While it's too early to start thinking about large-scale investments, developing the necessary foundations—tools and standards—is still worthwhile.

Conclusion

In addition to providing a reference for the popularization of blockchain, TCP/IP also laid the foundation for the development of blockchain. foundation. TCP/IP is now ubiquitous, and blockchain applications are built on digital data, communication and computing infrastructure, which reduces the cost of experimentation and allows new use cases to emerge quickly.

Using our framework, company executives can figure out where to start preparing their companies for future blockchain adoption. They need to ensure that company employees understand blockchain, can develop company-specific application projects in the four quadrants we built, and invest in blockchain infrastructure.

However, judging from the development path of TCP/IP, time, obstacles to technology adoption, technology complexity, etc., company executives should carefully consider the risks in blockchain testing projects. . To put it more clearly, it is better to start small. But the scale of investment should depend on the current situation of the company and the industry situation. Financial institutions are doing well in adopting blockchain technology. Manufacturing is not ready yet.

No matter what, blockchain is likely to impact your business, the biggest issue is time.