无币区块链是不是在浪费时间里,无币区块链是不是在浪费时间之内
请查看相关英文文档
① In addition to issuing coins, what are the application scenarios of currency-free blockchain?
The actual application scenarios of blockchain now include:
< p>1. The pain points of traditional information sharingEither a centralized center publishes and distributes information, or regular batch reconciliation between each other (typically once a day), for Information sharing that requires timeliness is difficult to achieve real-time sharing.
The two parties sharing information lack a mutually trusting communication method, and it is difficult to determine whether the information received was sent by the other party.
2. Blockchain information sharing
First of all, the blockchain itself needs to maintain the data consistency of each node, and it can be said to have its own information sharing function; secondly, real-time The problem can be realized through the P2P technology of blockchain; finally, using the immutability and consensus mechanism of blockchain, a safe and reliable information sharing channel can be constructed.
Okay. You may have this question: To solve the above problem, I can build an encrypted channel myself without using blockchain technology! But I want to say that since blockchain technology can solve these problems and it is very convenient to add nodes, why not use blockchain technology before you have built a safe and reliable information sharing system?
3. Application cases
Let’s take Tencent’s own application—Public Welfare Person Searching Chain—to illustrate the value of blockchain in information sharing. Bitcoin solves the problem of trust in currency issuance and accounting. Let’s take a look at how Bitcoin solves the above two problems one by one.
The problem of spam issuance: Bitcoins can only be obtained through mining, and the total number of Bitcoins available is 21 million. The problem of currency spam issuance is solved in the issuance process; The issue of ledger modification: Bitcoin Coin transaction records form a network through chain storage and decentralized global node balances to solve the problem of ledger modification.
Chain storage can be simply understood as: the blocks that store records are connected one to another, forming a chain; the records of all blocks except the first block contain the calibration of the previous block. Verification information, changing the information of any block will cause subsequent block verification errors. Because of this correlation, other blocks cannot be inserted in the middle, so it is difficult to modify existing records.
② You have to know the operating principles and development of blockchain!
1. Why is there innovation in blockchain?
The starting point of the first generation of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which implements a unified format for peer-to-peer transmission of information by all nodes on the network. Open code. However, the impact of such an uncomplicated innovation on mankind is epoch-making. It has programmed, agreed, and enforced the basic values required by a unified global market: "freedom, equality, and fraternity." Then the STMP email protocol, HTTP domain name protocol, etc. were derived, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency global information transmission in a decentralized manner. As Alibaba Vice President Gao Hongbing said:
“The Internet is to eliminate the (information) supply chain with low value and high cost - it is open, interconnected, peer-to-peer, globalized, and decentralized.”
We know: the essence of the market is also decentralized ized, she automatically executes a decentralized protocol that is "equivalent exchange", just as Nobel laureate Ronald Coase summed up: "The market economy is based on two profound cognitive foundations: admitting ignorance and Tolerate uncertainty." Adam Smith also described the market as: "the invisible hand"! Therefore, the market must require the low-cost flow of information decentralization. The Internet adapted to the climate of the formation of a unified global market and turned out to be .
However, the first generation of Internet decentralized solved the problem of low-cost and efficient transmission of information, but it did not solve the problem of credit of information. Therefore, what the second-generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized manner so that value transfer can be carried out at low cost and with high efficiency.
So what are the problems with the original centralized credit system? As we all know: centralized credit, such as the legal currencies of various countries, has different credit values, and the clearing systems are also incompatible, which adds a lot of cost to global trade. The current global credit system centered on the US dollar has a "Triffin Paradox" in its mechanism (the essence is that a country's legal currency cannot simultaneously resolve the conflict between its own economic interests and global economic needs). Therefore, in 2009, the Governor of the Central Bank of China, Zhou Ogawa called for the creation of a super-sovereign storage currency. In the same year, Satoshi Nakamoto disclosed the first-generation blockchain source code-"Bitcoin" online.
2. How does the blockchain system operate?
First of all, Satoshi Nakamoto knew very well that establishing a credit system for payment must solve the problem of preventing "duplicate payments", that is, no counterfeit currency can be created. The centralized credit system relies on state machinery to prevent counterfeit currency. What about "Bitcoin"? Satoshi Nakamoto's great innovation is to "timestamp" every transaction. There is a block (block: equivalent to a network account book) every ten minutes, and all network transactions for these ten minutes are correctly timestamped. The question is who will cover it? Satoshi Nakamoto did not assume that everyone on the Internet is Lei Feng. He agreed with Adam Smith: people in the market are greedy. He asked the so-called "miners" to compete for the accounting rights of these ten-minute blocks. The rules of the competition were to correctly record the accounting and at the same time solve the SHA256 problem. Who can prove that their computer has the fastest computing power (the so-called PROOF OF WORK mechanism), he can compete for the legal accounting rights of these ten-minute blocks and get a reward of twenty-five bitcoins. This is the so-called "mining" process. It is actually a decentralized credit process that establishes a network-wide ledger - the blockchain. Therefore, the more essential function of miners is "bookkeepers"!
Satoshi Nakamoto is here In its Bitcoin white paper, the process of establishing this credit system is described in detail:
Step 1: In order for the entire network to recognize it as valid, each transaction must be broadcast to each node (node: that is, the miner);
Step Two: Each Miner’s DayThe point must be to accurately timestamp each transaction in these ten minutes and record it in that block;
Step 3: Each miner node must compete for this ten-minute area by solving the SHA256 puzzle The legal accounting rights of the block, and strive to get a reward of twenty-five bitcoins (fifty bitcoins every ten minutes for the first four years, decreasing by half every four years);
Step 4: If a miner node After solving the SHA256 problem of these ten minutes, he will publish all the timestamp transactions recorded in his ten-minute blocks to the entire network, and check them by other miner nodes in the entire network;
Step 5: Other miners in the entire network The nodes check the correctness of the accounting of the block (because they are also stamping the accounting at the same time, but they do not compete for the legal block accounting rights, so there is no reward). If there are no errors, they will compete after the legal block. The next block thus forms a single chain of legal accounting blocks, which is the general ledger of the Bitcoin payment system - the blockchain.
Generally speaking, each transaction must undergo six block confirmations, that is, six ten-minute accounting, before it can finally be recognized as a legal transaction on the blockchain. The following is the accounting format of Bitcoin:
So the so-called "Bitcoin" is such a billing system: it includes the owner electronically signing with the private key and paying to the next owner, and then the entire network's "miners" "Time stamp the account and form a blockchain.
3. What are the innovations in Bitcoin’s blockchain finance?
Similar to gold, trying to establish decentralized credit on the global Internet may allow value to flow across the entire network at high speed and at low rates (currently each transfer The transfer rate is one ten thousandth);
The total amount of currency is agreed upon by the cryptographic protocol;
Compared to gold, digital currency is infinitely divisible;
The value of currency can be based on a large number of P2P transactions ;
Full transparency in financial management (every transaction can be traced on the blockchain).
Bitcoin’s blockchain-wide accounting system has established a market value of US$10 billion, the highest on the global Internet. Therefore, Wu Xiaoling, dean of Tsinghua PBC School of Finance, pointed out: The blockchain experiment established distributed credit, which is an upgraded version of Internet TCP/IP, upgrading from information transmission to value transmission;
4. Bitcoin’s blocks What are the inherent flaws of the chain system?
Bitcoin’s blockchain system has had successes since it was open sourced on the Internet in 2009, but it also shows some inherent flaws that are difficult to overcome:
The total amount cannot be adjusted at any time As the market situation changes, it will inevitably rise and fall sharply;
Mining is high-carbon. Only less than 1% of miners can compete for the accounting rights of blocks of less than ten minutes, and more than 99% of other miners participating in the competition have the computing power. Waste;
The annual inflation of about 10% has greatly increased the cost of the Bitcoin financial ecology, and even threatened her survival;
As a decentralized self-organizing DAC system, the operating costs of the accounting and issuance functions are too high high.
As a global payment system, its efficiency is far from meeting the actual requirements of global trade. CompareThe Bitcoin network currently confirms up to 7 transactions per second. In comparison, Visa's network system can process 10,000 transactions per second at the fastest, and Alipay's record is 80,000 transactions per second on Singles' Day in 2014!
5. Block The development of chain technology 2.0:
As the 2.0 upgrade and development of blockchain, it first focuses on solving the high-carbon mining of Bitcoin accounting:
When we discuss how to overcome the high carbon of Bitcoin mining and accounting Professor Liu Taoxiong from the Tsinghua Institute of Economics pointed out that mining competition relies on computing power. In the end, only one company competes for the legal accounting rights, and the other 99% of the miner nodes are mined for nothing, which is a waste of resources. It is obviously unreasonable. If The whole network transparently knows the legal accounting rights of the next block, and it is randomly generated in the entire network, which eliminates the high carbon cost of competitive accounting! After hearing this, we all praised Professor Liu for his brilliant idea, because the second generation is now more successful. Coin NXT has this mechanism. Their white paper is called "Transparent Forging". However, the probability of the accounting rights going to someone is directly proportional to the NXT token holdings in each miner node wallet. This is called the proof of equity mechanism ( PROOF OF STOCK). Of course, this also triggered a debate about the unfairness of NXT’s distribution of tokens to early investment developers!
RIPPLE is a semi-decentralized blockchain solution that uses “trusted gateways” to conduct block operations. The credibility of chain accounting is based on the consensus ledger protocol that these gateways will not do evil at the same time.
The most ambitious attempt is Ethereum, which combines blockchain technology with Turing completeness, hoping to develop a basic platform that can support the construction of various blockchain systems in the future. The development of various credit currencies, digital assets, smart protocols and even financial derivatives. The system design is to unify blockchain accounting on the ETHERUM platform and be used by all developers. Maybe their official version will be released in the near future.
6. Possible applications of blockchain innovation in other fields:
Now, blockchain’s attempts to establish decentralized credit are no longer limited to the financial world, but have attracted attention from all fields of society, especially in At present, some of China's central credit institutions, such as the "Red Cross", are in a "collapse" situation. Blockchain can provide a new way of thinking and technical options for social management. The following are some new developments and related discussions we have learned about:
The combination of blockchain and the Internet of Things unifies digital assets and atomic assets, smooths the difference between consumer assets and cash assets, expands public credit, and accelerates value circulation; (IBM-Samsung)
Built on the blockchain Intellectual property protection system, accounting for the use of intellectual property across the entire network, and establishing a global advertising market;
Whether blockchain can provide technical support for the issuance of protocol-based cryptographic currencies by emerging economies along the Belt and Road;
Block Chain + cloud computing can develop into a decentralized self-media and community system;
Blockchain can build decentralized equityThe crowdfunding system allows innovative projects to enter the circulation field in advance;
Blockchain can develop a fully transparent financial management system;
Blockchain supports the establishment of a global decentralized corporate organization.
In short, in this era when credit has become a scarce resource, the technological innovation of blockchain, as a distributed credit model, provides new opportunities for finance, social management, talent evaluation and decentralized organization construction in the global market. All provide a broad development prospect.
③ Problems with blockchain
Blockchain has certain uses, but it is by no means omnipotent.
There are two main problems with blockchain.
1 The blockchain cannot verify the authenticity of information outside the system. If the information uploaded to the blockchain itself is false, the anti-counterfeiting and anti-tampering of the blockchain will be worthless. To ensure that the uploaded information is authentic, there still needs to be an authoritative agency to check it. Since we all trust the information uploaded by this authoritative organization, why should we be afraid of it tampering with the information? What difference does it make if we use blockchain or not?
2 In the blockchain world, code is the law, and the system can run automatically. However, once it interacts with the real world, the real world may not necessarily agree with the law of the code. For example, if a contract is signed on the blockchain, it will be automatically executed when it expires, and assets will be transferred. However, if there is a bad guy in reality who does not execute the actual asset transfer in accordance with the contract on the blockchain, the contract will be a piece of paper. It is also necessary for the actual courts and other institutions to take action.
The first practical application of blockchain, Bitcoin, has such great influence because it can avoid the above two problems.
Bitcoin is completely self-contained. All information is generated within the Bitcoin system and is closed and verifiable. Bitcoin is not linked to any real assets, so it can be easily passed through The program runs automatically.
Because Bitcoin is completely virtual and operates entirely on procedures and rules, it has no borders, is not subject to regulatory control, does not require exchange, circulates freely, cannot be frozen or confiscated, is available to everyone, and will not be over-issued or devalued. , which is its advantage over legal currency.
However, because Bitcoin completely relies on fixed rules and procedures to operate automatically, the supply of Bitcoin is inelastic. If the private key is stolen, the property will be lost and cannot be recovered. This is why it Shortcomings.
Similarly, when using blockchain technology in reality, if we really pursue that code is the law and the private key proves everything, if the private key is stolen, the assets will inevitably be lost and cannot be recovered. For example, if shares are mapped to the blockchain, is it possible that if a major shareholder loses his private key, all his shares will become unusable? This is also an unavoidable problem with blockchain.
In summary, the real killer application of blockchain is actually cryptocurrency. No currencyBlockchain is not that disruptive, and we must be wary of some scammers using the name of blockchain to defraud money and subsidies.
#digital currency# #BTC[超话]#
④ Is the investment situation in blockchain good? Can I invest now?
Current investment situation Not very good. This investment method is not recognized in China. I personally recommend not to invest in it. If you have extra money on hand, you can consider funds issued by banks or capital-guaranteed short-term investments, which are both good investment methods.
I learned some knowledge about this on the Internet. I personally think that this kind of investment is not recognized by the country and is often easily exploited by fraudsters. It is easy to be deceived when investing. If you are not careful, you will be easily It is easy to be controlled by capital companies and teams, leading to capital losses.
3. Stay away from blockchain investments.
Although the current slogan of blockchain is very loud and highly recognized by people, it is not allowed and recognized in domestic policies. Although some people have achieved the goal of getting rich overnight through blockchain. , but most people have suffered serious losses in blockchain investment, so I personally think they should stay away from blockchain investment. If you really want to invest, you should choose a more stable and reliable fund investment.
As can be seen from the above points, this kind of investment requires caution and it is best not to invest.
⑤ What role does blockchain play in real life?
Blockchain is essentially a disintermediated database that uses a blockchain data structure to verify and store Data, a new distributed infrastructure that uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data. and calculation methods. In layman's terms, blockchain is a distributed accounting technology, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, and node consensus mechanism. Although it sounds a bit obscure, it can actually bring tangible benefits to our daily lives:
First, blockchain technology can be used to establish a traceability mechanism for food and vegetables, completely eliminating source pollution of food and vegetables, and providing the common people with Safe and hygienic green food and vegetables allow everyone to buy and eat with confidence;
Second, blockchain technology can be used to store various ownership certificates and notes and transcripts, completely eliminating fake certificates, fake files, fake academic records, fake medical records, fake transcripts, etc. Fraudulent incidents occur;
Third, blockchain technology can be used to conduct community election voting, completely eliminating fake votes and truly achieving openness, fairness and impartiality. Build a democratic community and achieve democratic governance.
In addition, blockchain technology can also be used in many aspects of daily life such as charity fundraising and commodity anti-counterfeiting.
⑥ Is blockchain useful? What is the impact and prospects of blockchain?
I believe everyone is no longer unfamiliar with the emerging technology of blockchain, because this is the current The most popular topic of "Jiao Chun", many big names in different industries are playing an role in it.and prospects. Today we will also do an analysis on the blockchain on whether the block chain is useful and what the impact and prospects of the blockchain are. We hope it can help everyone.
Is blockchain useful?
1. Banking: As a digital, secure and interference-proof account, blockchain realizes the core function of the banking industry: a safe storage and transfer center of value. In other words, in the next few years, a wave of companies based on blockchain technology may affect the banking industry.
2. Payment and transfer: Blockchain technology can avoid complicated systems and create a more direct payment process between the payer and the payee. Whether it is a domestic transfer or a cross-border transfer, this method has its advantages. Low price, fast, and no intermediate handling fees.
3. Network security: Although the blockchain system is public, its verification, sending and other data exchange processes use advanced encryption technology. This technology not only ensures the correct source of data, but also ensures that the data is not intercepted during the process. If blockchain technology is more widely used, the probability of being attacked by hackers may also decrease, so people believe that blockchain systems are more stable than traditional systems. One of the reasons why blockchain systems can reduce traditional network security risks is that they eliminate the need for middlemen.
4. Election: Everyone's vote "can never be modified or deleted by us - programmers, school administrators or students."
5. Smart contract: Smart contracts are actually on another object. A computer program that performs functions on the go. Like ordinary computer programs, smart contracts are also an "if-then" function, but blockchain technology enables the automatic filling of these "contracts" without manual intervention. Such contracts may eventually replace the legal merger industry's core business of drafting and managing contracts in both commercial and civil areas.
6. Stock trading: For many years, companies have been trying to simplify the process of buying, selling and trading stocks. Emerging blockchain technology startups believe they can go beyond the past, automating the entire process, improving security and efficiency.
What impact and prospects does blockchain have?
1. The dual impact of bringing wealth and risk:
The difference between blockchain technology and traditional Internet technology is that it chooses the high-risk financial industry as the entry point, but the financial field is full of Areas with many obstacles. Such direct entry has a dual impact: on the one hand, it can bring wealth effects to entrepreneurs relatively quickly; on the other hand, various risks will also come directly and violently.
2. Improve efficiency and reduce costs:
For physical finance, blockchain can maintain the fidelity in the process of transmitting information, such as personal credit information and other data, thereby avoiding many transaction costs and enabling large-scale Improve efficiency, this is the positive meaning it brings.
3. Control financial risks early and small:
Blockchain is cooperating with the innovation of digital currency, preventing over-insurance in the insurance industry, over-lending in bank mutual funds loans, and the integration of supply chain finance., promote electronic identity recognition, etc., applicable to many industries and fields. In terms of financial security, many companies have also cooperated with regulatory authorities to build regulatory technology systems to help regulatory authorities monitor and provide early warning for the risks of Internet financial companies, so as to control financial risks early and at an early stage.
4. The owner of the data should be the user himself:
Blockchain is a technology worthy of attention, and it has relevant layouts in its own business and investment. Bitcoin and other electronic currencies are applications based on blockchain technology. They have certain currency functions and have certain use value. However, the main problem now is that the gap between the use value and the transaction price is too big. . ICO is a financing business model.
5. The darkest stage contains the most opportunities:
The darkest stage often contains the most opportunities. The application of blockchain is far more than just monetary and financial. For example, big data can be applied to the entire medical industry in the future. health field. If medical records and diagnosis data are shared to all different medical systems through the big data blockchain, the efficiency of treating diseases and saving lives can be greatly improved.
The editor believes that the correct development prospect of blockchain is to "talk less about financial innovation, focus more on financial security, focus more on inclusive finance, and do more on medical care, health, and environmental protection."
The above is the blockchain brought to you by the editor. Is it useful? What impact and prospects does blockchain have? of the entire content.
⑦ Within five years, financial institutions will adopt digital currency and blockchain
About three years ago, celebrities such as the Wall Street Journal and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completely ignored Bitcoin and the digital currency space exist. Today, the innovation and financial development brought about by technologies such as the Bitcoin blockchain make it impossible to ignore its important position.
The Wall Street Journal recently conducted a 20-minute interview with Christine Lagarde, the world’s most influential financial executive, mainly discussing several major issues affecting the current economic world. elements.
Christina Lagarde
Lagarde also mentioned the security of the digital currency field:
As for cryptocurrencies and zones Blockchain… We are currently at the right time to witness significant developments. See how they disrupt industries, protect transaction confidentiality, and build communities.
She also said:
At present, the development of the digital currency field is not systematic enough to pose a threat, and it cannot ensure 100% security. But regulatory authorities and managers should pay more attention to this industry, because it can easily become a channel for illegal transactions. We do not want to see these tools used in illegal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing.
Importantly, Bitcoin and its related technologies are slowly changing the views of some elites, such as Lagarde. She could have dismissed the impact of digital currency, but she still chose to support the concept.And believe that these technologies will become part of mainstream financial life. Maybe two to three years ago, her thoughts would be completely opposite to what she thinks now. This also proves that Bitcoin and its technology continue to develop, and more and more people are beginning to believe that these technologies will eventually be accepted by the mainstream.
As Gandhi said:
First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.
(Author: OKCoin. Copyright statement: For reprinting, please contact the WeChat official account "OKCoin Bitcoin" for authorization.)
