金融区块链有哪些,金融区块链概念股

❶ Why finance should stay away from blockchain technology

From the history of human technological development, real technological innovation is often doubted in the early stages, even if It's Einstein's theory of relativity. However, blockchain does not seem to have experienced this kind of scientific doubt. Instead, it has been hyped since the concept was launched. However, several years have passed since its launch, and people have not heard of any country or company that has really used blockchain technology to solve practical problems and create new value. If a technology has few actual implementation effects, but many people say it is good, it cannot be ruled out as speculation.

Currently, my country's prevention and control of systemic financial risks has entered a new stage. Time is tight and tasks are heavy. However, whether it is to improve financial efficiency or to prevent and control financial risks, blockchain Not necessarily a good helper. In this sense, in order to prevent emerging financial risks, it is best for blockchain to stay away from finance.

Content source Economic Daily

❷ What are the prospects of blockchain finance?

1. In fact, the combination of blockchain technology and finance is not accidental. Simply put, blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, full traceability, and traceability. Finance is cooperation based on trust, and these characteristics of blockchain lay the foundation for creating trust. Blockchain technology is of great significance in solving problems in the financial field such as high credit risk, low capital utilization efficiency, and high payment processing costs.
2. In reality, Bitcoin is not equal to blockchain. Digital currency is just one of the applications of blockchain technology in the financial field. In the fields of supply chain finance, payment and clearing, trade finance, financial transactions and other fields, "blockchain +" has rich application scenarios and imagination space.
3. Industry insiders pointed out that although the application prospects of blockchain technology are broad, At present, there are only a small number of projects that have actually been implemented and produced social benefits. Blockchain technology is in the early stage of development and still needs to be viewed rationally. In the next step, blockchain technology should be used to explore digital economic model innovation and add impetus to the optimization of the business environment. , to provide support for promoting high-quality economic development.

❸ What is blockchain finance? What does blockchain finance mean?

Blockchain finance is actually blockchain technology Application in the financial field.

Blockchain is an underlying technology based on Bitcoin. Its essence is actually a decentralized trust mechanism. It collectively maintains a sustainable growth by sharing among distributed nodes. database to achieve information security and accuracy. Applying this technology can solve trust and security issues in transactions. Blockchain technology has become an optional direction for future upgrades in the financial industry. Through block chain, both parties to the transaction can Carry out economic activities without resorting to third-party credit intermediaries, thereby reducing the cost of transferring assets globally.

(3) Financial Blockchain Library Extended Reading :

Since 2016, major financial giants have alsoFollowing this trend, blockchain innovation projects have been launched one after another to explore the possibility of applying blockchain technology in various financial scenarios. In particular, Puyin Group took the lead in pioneering the “blockchain+” standard digital currency. Standardized digital currency is an asset that has been completed by a third-party organization through the process of identification, evaluation, ownership confirmation, insurance, etc., and is written into the blockchain through rigorous digital algorithms to form a standard corresponding relationship between the asset and the digital currency, which is called a standard system. Digital currency.

In order to realize the great leap forward development of blockchain finance, in order to promote the new development of China's economy, accelerate the circulation of global assets, and realize the dream of rejuvenation that generations of people have been striving for, Puyin Group will The Puyin Blockchain Finance Guiyang Strategy Release Ceremony was held in Guizhou on the 9th. At the meeting, the digital circulation of assets realized by blockchain, the blockchain financial transaction model, and the application of blockchain services and social public industries will be discussed. Discuss.

❹ What is blockchain technology and how is it changing business and financial models

Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger technology that allows Multiple participants work together on a decentralized network to maintain a secure, transparent and immutable record. Blockchain technology was originally designed for the digital currency Bitcoin, but is now widely used in many other fields.

The core features of blockchain technology include:

Decentralization: Blockchain has no central control agency, and data is distributed on various nodes in the network, which makes it decentralized. The centralization feature reduces the risk of single points of failure.

Transparency: Transaction records on the blockchain are public to all participants, and anyone can view these records. This helps increase trust and reduce the risk of fraud.

Immutable: Once a transaction is recorded on the blockchain, it cannot be easily modified or deleted. This guarantees data integrity and security.

Smart contracts: Transactions on the blockchain can be automatically executed to implement "smart contracts", which automatically execute corresponding operations when specific conditions are met. This helps simplify complex business processes and reduce costs.

Blockchain technology has had a profound impact on business and financial models, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Reducing costs: Blockchain technology can reduce intermediary links and reduce costs. Transaction costs and operating costs. For example, by adopting blockchain for cross-border payments, remittance fees can be significantly reduced.

Improving efficiency: The automation and smart contract features of blockchain technology help improve the efficiency of business processes, reduce manual intervention, and reduce error rates.

Enhance trust: The transparency and non-tamperability of blockchain technology help to establish a reliable trust system, reduce the risk of fraud, and provide better protection for commercial activities.

Innovative business models: Blockchain technology has spawned many new business models, such as decentralized finance (DeFi), digital asset trading, supply chain finance, etc. These newThe business model has brought disruptive changes to existing industries.

In short, blockchain technology, as an emerging technical means, is gradually changing the landscape of business and finance. With the continuous development of technology and the in-depth promotion of applications, blockchain is expected to have a more extensive and far-reaching impact in the future

❺ Analysis paper on the prospects of blockchain in the financial field

An analysis paper on the prospects of blockchain in the financial field

Blockchain technology was born in 2008, and its first application was Bitcoin. Blockchain technology uses a decentralized consensus mechanism to maintain a complete, distributed, and non-tamperable ledger database, allowing participants in the blockchain to implement a unified ledger system without establishing a trust relationship. . In 2015, many mainstream financial institutions in Europe and the United States recognized the application prospects of this technology and explored the application of blockchain technology in the financial field. The International Monetary Fund pointed out in a report that "it has the potential to change finance." Some people believe that blockchain technology will change human society as profoundly as double-entry accounting and shareholding.

Blockchain will make it possible for all individuals to become important nodes in the allocation of financial resources. It will also promote the improvement of the existing financial system and financial rules, and build a shared and win-win situation. type of financial development ecosystem. The emergence of blockchain technology is a revolution in human credit creation. It allows both parties to the transaction to carry out economic activities without the need for third-party credit intermediaries, thereby achieving low-cost value transfer. It can be said that blockchain technology is a more efficient value exchange technology in the Internet era. The Internet has evolved from an information Internet that transmits information to a value Internet that transfers value. This is conducive to traditional financial institutions taking advantage of the opportunity to transform and transform endogenous businesses. Processes and application scenarios are Internetized.

1. Characteristics and shortcomings of blockchain

(1) Main characteristics of blockchain

(1) Decentralization. In the blockchain, there is no centralized hardware or management organization. The distributed structure system and open source protocol allow all participants to participate in the recording and verification of data, which is then sent to various nodes through distributed propagation. Each participant The nodes are all "self-centered", and the rights and obligations are equal. Blockchain is not simply decentralized, but multi-centered or weakly centered. When the Internet of Things makes it possible for all individuals to become central nodes, the central status of traditional financial intermediaries changes, transforming from a monopoly-type, resource-advantaged center and strong intermediary to an open platform, becoming a service-oriented multi-center. Center of differentiation.

(2) To trust. From a trust perspective, blockchain uses a set of open and transparent mathematical algorithms based on consensus specifications and protocols to enable all nodes to automatically and securely exchange data in a trustless environment. Blockchain essentially solves the trust problem through mathematical methods, and all rules are expressed in the form of algorithmic programs, participants do not need to know the credit level of the counterparty, do not need transaction endorsement or guarantee verification from a third-party institution, they only need to trust the common algorithm, and use the algorithm to create credit, generate trust, and reach consensus for participants.

(3) Timestamp. Blocks are generated by packaging data and code within a period of time. The header of the next block contains the index information of the previous block, and a chain is formed by connecting the end to the end. The blocks that record the complete history and the chain that can be completely verified form a timestamp that can trace the complete history. It can provide retrieval and search functions for each piece of data, and can use the blockchain structure to trace the source, one by one. verify. Therefore, the blockchain is timestamped when generated, forming a database that cannot be tampered with or forged. Modifications to the database on a single node are invalid unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, so the data reliability of the blockchain is very high.

(4) Asymmetric encryption. The blockchain uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm, that is, a "key pair" is used in the encryption and decryption process. The two keys in the "key pair" have asymmetric characteristics. In the application scenario of blockchain, on the one hand, the key is the public key visible to all participants. Participants can use the public key to encrypt a piece of authenticity information, and only the owner of the information can use the private key to decrypt it. On the other hand, the private key is used to sign the information, and the signature is verified by the corresponding public key to ensure that the information was sent by the real holder. Asymmetric encryption minimizes friction boundaries in value exchange, enables transparent data anonymity, and protects personal privacy.

(5) Smart contract: Since the blockchain can realize point-to-point value transfer, corresponding programming scripts can be embedded during transfer. This smart contract method is used to handle some unforeseen transaction patterns and ensure Blockchain can continue to be effective. This kind of programmable script is essentially a list of many instructions to achieve pertinence and conditionality in value exchange and to achieve specific uses of value. Therefore, any value exchange activity based on the blockchain can achieve hard control over its use, direction and various restrictions through intelligent programming, eliminating the cost of soft constraints by law or contract.

(2) Main problems of blockchain

(1) High energy consumption problem. There is an impossible triangle in the traditional currency and banking system, that is, it is impossible to achieve decentralization, low energy consumption and high security at the same time. The impossible triangle also exists in the construction of blockchain. For example, in the actual application of Bitcoin, its development has brought about the rapid expansion of computer hardware, and the main costs in the "mining" process have shifted to hardware costs and electricity costs. Therefore, after applying blockchain technology to achieve equity cost benefits, maximizing its technical efficacy has become an urgent problem to be solved.

(2) Storage space problem. Since the blockchain records every transaction information from the initial information in the system, and each node has to download, store and update data blocks in real time, if the data of each node is completely synchronized, the network pressure will be great, and each node will indivualThe storage space capacity requirements of nodes may become a key issue restricting their development.

(3) The problem of stress resistance. The system built based on the blockchain follows the barrel theory and must take into account the worst processing speed and network environment among all network nodes. Therefore, if the blockchain technology is promoted to a large-scale transaction environment, its overall stress resistance It remains to be verified. If the transaction volume generated per second exceeds the design capacity of the system (the weakest node), transactions will automatically enter the queue and be queued, resulting in a poor user experience.

2. Application of blockchain in the financial field

(1) Financial infrastructure

Blockchain may serve as the infrastructure of the Internet in many fields. All show broad application prospects. In the financial industry, blockchain technology will first affect financial infrastructure such as payment systems, securities settlement systems, and transaction databases. Later, the technology will also expand to general financial services, such as credit systems, "anti-money laundering," etc. This is because, based on the characteristics of blockchain technology, it will first enter the infrastructure field with high trust requirements and high cost of traditional trust mechanisms. In the past, infrastructure was a public product, but new technologies and new systems of blockchain make it more It is possible for multiple people to participate in the provision of public goods. The future of Internet finance will use Internet technologies such as blockchain to transform the core production systems of traditional financial institutions and build financial enterprises on the Internet.

The current information Internet can be collectively referred to as the TCP/IP model, and HTTP is the most important application protocol in the application layer. In the Internet of Value, blockchain is a point-to-point transmission protocol in the application layer. Its value is the same as that of the HTTP protocol in the information Internet. The huge potential and prospect of blockchain is that it can reconstruct the infrastructure and core production systems of the traditional financial industry, not just at the application level such as APPs. This is because, at the network level, the blockchain is based on the IP communication protocol and the distributed network; at the data level, the blockchain database system is brand new and is significantly better than the existing one. There is a database for the financial system; at the application level, blockchain-based registration, settlement, clearing systems, smart contracts, and the Internet of Things can greatly improve efficiency. Financial activities on the blockchain are programmable finance. .

(2) Digital Currency

From the perspectives of security and cost, it is a general trend that banknotes will be replaced by new technologies and new products. The establishment of digital currency issuance and circulation systems is very necessary for financial infrastructure construction and economic development. Following the idea of ​​integrating traditional currency and digital currency, the issuance, circulation and trading of digital currency should be led by the central bank, reflecting convenience and security, and achieving a balance between protecting privacy, maintaining social order, and combating illegal and criminal activities. It is conducive to the effective operation and transmission of monetary policy. It is necessary to retain the control of monetary sovereignty. Digital currency is freely convertible and controllable.

Blockchain technology in BitcoinThe success proves the feasibility of programmable digital currency. Research from the Bank of England suggests that central banks could consider issuing blockchain-based digital currencies, which could increase financial stability. The technical routes of digital currency can be divided into two types: account-based and non-account-based. They can also be used in layers to try to coexist. The characteristic of blockchain technology is distributed bookkeeping, which is not account-based and cannot be tampered with. If the digital currency focuses on protecting personal privacy, this technology can be used. However, the current blockchain occupies too many computing resources and storage resources and cannot cope with the current scale of transactions. This problem needs to be solved before it can be promoted and applied.

(3) Self-finance

From the perspective of services and non-monetary creation, modern finance is realized through intermediaries. In the Internet era, it is possible to achieve direct finance in the true sense of disintermediation. However, this possibility is not complete. The main reason is that the current Internet finance is based on the original finance and cannot be jumped out. Blockchain technology provides a possibility. Blockchain can be divided into public blockchain and private blockchain. Public blockchains are like Bitcoin. Once the protocol is approved, it becomes an integral part of the blockchain. Private blockchains still need to be permissioned, and blockchain technology in banking systems requires auditing of each participant. Private blockchain is very similar to a form of self-finance, and public blockchain is more similar to the support and guarantee for the bottom layer of private blockchain. When blockchain technology is widely used and third-party financial management technology is generally available, self-financing based on blockchain technology will become completely possible.

3. Blockchain Application and Financial Supervision

Blockchain technology is currently the only tool that can be used to record and prove transaction consistency and company financial accuracy without the need for a third party. Therefore, it can meet the requirements of potential regulators and the public for audit effectiveness, accuracy and timeliness, and has broad application prospects in the financial field. However, its development is still restricted by the current system. On the one hand, blockchain has had an impact on the current system because its decentralized and autonomous characteristics dilute concepts such as the state and supervision. For example, digital currencies represented by Bitcoin challenge the country's right to issue currency and regulate monetary policy, causing monetary authorities to take a conservative attitude towards the development of digital currencies. On the other hand, regulatory authorities also lack full understanding and expectations of this new technology, and the establishment of laws and systems will be seriously delayed, resulting in the lack of necessary institutional norms and legal protection for blockchain applications, increasing the risks for market entities.

Once blockchain financial technology is widely deployed in the financial industry, the de-financial nature of supervision will occur, and supervisory functions, supervisory methods and supervisory means will be redefined. For example, if securities lending, repurchases, and margin trading can be traded through the blockchain, regulatory authorities can consider using the information from this public ledger to monitor systemic risks in the market, which is not only efficient but also reliable. From a macro-financial perspective, since the emergence of the financial era, money creationThe transmission mechanism and credit creation pattern will change. From a micro-finance perspective, with the further development of blockchain technology, finance and business have become difficult to distinguish, and will transcend the meaning of separate and mixed industry supervision. The reform of the financial supervision system needs to be discussed from this perspective.

The "decentralization" brought about by blockchain technology still requires centralized departments to provide regulatory and guarantee support. Regulators can proactively embrace new technologies in Internet finance. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission member Kara Stein believes that regulators need to be in a leading position, taking advantage of the advantages of blockchain technology and quickly responding to its potential weaknesses. For example, blockchain technology hopes to break privileges and human manipulation and allow computer algorithms to achieve "free credit notarization." But in practice, due to the lack of supervision, digital currency transactions such as Bitcoin face high risks of speculation and money laundering. Therefore, the application of blockchain technology requires regulatory authorities to formulate relevant standards and specifications to ensure that financial innovative products are used appropriately. At the same time, it is necessary to improve the protection of consumer rights and interests, strengthen education on the protection of financial consumer rights and interests, and improve consumers' awareness of risk prevention.

❻ Blockchain financial application

Blockchain financial application is a key area where it plays a role in reality. The financial industry needs such high-end technology, and traditional operating methods will Profound changes have occurred because of such technology. Blockchain financial applications have many distinctive features, and people are talking about them. It has attracted more and more attention because of its actual effects, and has had an increasing impact.

Abstract: Developed countries and technology companies have taken the lead in the research and application of blockchain technology. Judging from the application of patent technology, there may be a gap of about one and a half years between my country and the United States in blockchain technology. Based on the above situation, how can China achieve "asymmetric" catch-up? The first thing is to see the situation clearly, seize opportunities and meet challenges. Secondly, after understanding the necessity of the underlying construction of blockchain for the existing business and future development of the financial industry, a consensus was reached among various financial companies to establish a "China's Financial Blockchain Alliance". The last step is to advance collaboratively and embrace change.

How to understand blockchain?

Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. In 2009, after the paper was published, Bitcoin was born as a virtual currency in the digital world of the Internet. At present, the total market value of Bitcoin is about US$6.5 billion. Although the market value is constantly changing, it is still the largest virtual currency in the world.

Another important concept is blockchain. Blockchain is an underlying technology of Bitcoin, and Bitcoin is just an application of blockchain. As we all know, Bitcoin can realize point-to-point value transfer. In addition to the Bitcoin blockchain, there are many other blockchains, such as the Ethereum blockchain, etc. Therefore, we should distinguish between concepts such as Bitcoin, Bitcoin blockchain, blockchain, and blockchain technology.

Currently, peopleThere are several misunderstandings about blockchain. Blockchain can be described in English as "Decentralized Blockchain", where Decentralized is translated as "decentralized". However, I think the blockchain has realized the unintermediary dissemination of value, which is point-to-point value dissemination. This does not mean that after entering the blockchain era, there is no need for a center, but that it should move from a single centralization to a center and a center. parallel development. Then, the existing center is likely to become a branch center or a weak center. Currently, all banks have their own data centers. If a financial blockchain alliance is established in the future, they can become nodes in the blockchain alliance, so blockchain does not require a center.

Blockchain does not require credit

We often see some articles that believe that blockchain needs to “remove credit”. In fact, blockchain relies on consensus The algorithm builds trust and ensures the correctness of transactions through consensus among nodes. Build trust at low cost through mathematics and algorithms instead of "removing credit". However, digital asset transactions between people do not require two people to know each other or have a trust relationship with each other, nor does it require a third-party credit agency. It only requires everyone to trust the trusted network of the blockchain.

Why is it considered credible? Because it is a distributed database, it has a consensus-based mechanism: a set of encryption algorithms, making it immutable. On the one hand, the public key makes information transparent and traceable; on the other hand, the private key can protect privacy.

Blockchain is not a mature technology, nor is it omnipotent. Blockchain technology is still in its early stages of development. At the beginning of this year, we sent a delegation to Barclays South Africa’s blockchain research laboratory to study. During the seminar, Barclays African blockchain experts believed that it will take at least five to ten years for blockchain technology to become a truly mature technology. At present, blockchain has the disadvantages of relatively slow computing speed and small storage space. Moreover, not all data processing requires the use of blockchain.

Research and application of blockchain in foreign countries

We found that established financial developed countries are already leading the way in the research of blockchain technology. The British government believes that it is very important for the government to participate in the legislation of digital currencies and blockchain networks, and the government encourages in-depth research on blockchain technology. The British government is actively evaluating the potential of blockchain technology and considering its use to reduce financial fraud and reduce costs. In addition, the UK government plans to develop application systems that can be used between government and public agencies.

In February this year, the European Commission placed cryptocurrency at the top of the list of rapid development target areas. This initiative promoted policy research on digital currencies by various agencies. Technology companies are also leading the way in research on blockchain technology.

IBM launched the “Open Ledger Project” (Open Ledger Pproject), develops enterprise-level blockchain software structures, promotes the commercial use of blockchain technology, and supports the docking of external data through the Bluemix and API infrastructure of the IBM cloud computing platform. IBM still has a lot of practice in blockchain technology. Recently, it and a company in South Korea conducted creative experiments using blockchain technology and the Internet of Things, and achieved some results.

Microsoft uses the Azure platform to provide users with "blockchain as a service", which can enable R3 and its bank members to speed up the experiment and learning process, and accelerate the development, testing and deployment of distributed ledgers.

Intel also released SawtoothLake, an efficient modular platform for building, deploying and running distributed ledgers; at the same time, Intel is also studying to create a trusted execution environment for hardware chips for blockchain applications, providing Greater security and privacy.

Meanwhile, Wall Street is also taking action. Although created relatively late, R3’s core function is to formulate industry standards for the development of blockchain technology in the banking industry, as well as explore practical uses and establish a blockchain alliance for banks.

From what we know, in addition to these two new companies on Wall Street catering to the digital financial era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology and building their own areas. Blockchain concept and technology team.

Currently, blockchain technology already has practical application cases.

In Canada, the blockchain startup company "Blockchain Tech Ltd" has successfully been listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange GEM; the Estonian government will launch the government's blockchain medical insurance Record.

Domestic attention and research on blockchain technology

Blockchain is an optional technology. Previously, the People's Bank of China also held a digital currency seminar. In addition to the central bank, relevant departments such as Zhejiang Province and Beijing Municipality also expressed support for blockchain application research last year.

From an enterprise perspective, Bubi blockchain has been used in equity, supply chain, points and other fields, and is conducting trials and application tests with exchanges and banks. Bubi Blockchain focuses on the innovation of blockchain technology and products. It already possesses a number of core technologies and has developed its own blockchain service platform. And many blockchain innovative and entrepreneurial companies are constantly emerging.

In addition, a number of industry alliances are being established. In terms of financial institutions, the current cases of blockchain application by my country's large banks and financial institutions still need to be solved.
At the end of 2015, Bank of America had obtained 15 patents on blockchain. There may be a gap of about one and a half years between my country and the United States in blockchain technology.
Blockchain financial applications are entering a new stage in an all-round way, and various applications will become more and moreAs it goes deeper and deeper, related changes will become more and more noticeable and will form a huge new trend.

❼ Application of blockchain in the financial field

1. Application and development of blockchain

Some Internet, Internet start-ups and traditional financial industries Started to try out applications in some projects

2. Domestic financial institutions are testing the waters of blockchain

Various financial institutions are testing the waters one after another, and they are basically in the conceptual experimental stage and have not yet reached a large scale. Commercial scale.

3. Panoramic view of blockchain application in the financial field

4. Ghostwriting

5. Digital bills

Bills are an important financial product in the financial market. They have dual functions of payment and financing. They are of high value and bear bank credit or commercial credit. Once a bill is issued, its face amount, date and other important information cannot be changed. Bills also have circulation attributes and can be accepted, endorsed, discounted, rediscounted, collected and other transactions within a specific life cycle. Once the transaction is completed, the transaction cannot be revoked. There are two characteristics in the circulation of bills: First, the circulation of bills mainly occurs through bank acceptance bills, and the number and circulation of commercial acceptance bills are small; second, each bank independently conducts credit granting and risk control on the bill business, and a single bank's Risk control results may affect other participants in the bill market transaction chain.

The experimental production system of the digital bill trading platform uses SDC (Smart Draft Chain) blockchain technology to protect privacy through cryptographic algorithms such as homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proof. The Byzantine Fault Tolerance Protocol (PBFT) performs consensus and uses a see-through mechanism to provide data monitoring.

The experimental production system includes four subsystems: stock exchange, bank, enterprise and monitoring: the stock exchange subsystem is responsible for managing the blockchain and monitoring the digital bill business; the bank subsystem has Digital bills have business functions such as acceptance and receipt, discount signing, rediscounting, and collection and repayment; the enterprise subsystem has business functions such as issuance, acceptance, endorsement, discounting, and prompt payment of digital bills; the monitoring subsystem monitors the status of the blockchain in real time and business happenings

6.