区块链复式帐本怎么做,区块链和复式记账没有区别

㈠ Popular explanation of blockchain technology. The essence is a distributed ledger

What is blockchain technology? Briefly explain what blockchain is. At the beginning of 2019, a new currency began to enter the ranks of digital currencies and gradually attracted the attention of many digital currency players, that is, blockchain technology. But some people found that there is really little information about it on the Internet. This not only caused many people to wonder, what is it and why is it so mysterious? Blockchain is the earliest basic technology of Bitcoin. It is currently being studied all over the world and can be widely used in various fields such as finance.

Basic Principles Edit

The basic principles of blockchain are not difficult to understand. Basic concepts include:

Transaction: an operation that causes a change in the status of the ledger, such as adding a record;

Block: records transactions and status results that occur within a period of time, is Consensus on the current account book status;

Chain: composed of blocks concatenated in order of occurrence, it is a log record of the entire state change.

If you think of the blockchain as a state machine, each transaction is an attempt to change the state, and the blocks generated by each consensus are the participants.

Explanation Editor

Explain in layman’s terms: If we assume that the database is an account book, then reading and writing the database can be regarded as an accounting activity. The principle of blockchain technology is to find the fastest and best bookkeeper within a period of time. This person will keep the books and then send this page of information in the ledger to everyone else in the entire system. This is equivalent to making changes to all records in the database and sending them to every other node in the entire network, so blockchain technology is also called a distributed ledger.

㈡ What does blockchain mean?

In the narrow sense, blockchain is a distributed system ledger that is difficult to tamper with and difficult to forge. It consists of db blocks in chronological order. The chain franchise algorithm is designed and guaranteed by cryptographic algorithms. In a broad sense, blockchain applications use data asset structures to verify and store information, use consensus algorithms of distributed nodes to generate and refresh data, and use cryptographic algorithms to ensure the security of data transmission and browsing. The application is composed of automatic scripts. Intelligent contracts, programming and new distributed infrastructure construction and calculation methods using data.

What does blockchain mean?

Blockchain technology is actually equivalent to a decentralized database system, consisting of a long list of db blocks. Each DB block contains a Bitcoin transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information and form the next block.

What are the application scenarios of blockchain technology?

The main application areas of blockchain technology include: virtual currency, commodity transaction clearing, data government affairs, verification and anti-counterfeiting label network services and other industries. Ou Senduan Blockchain Douchunbi is an orderlyThe database technology linked to the db block is responsible for recording and encrypting file data to ensure that the data cannot be modified or falsified.

Blockchain technology can essentially be a distributed system that is participated in, maintained together, and continuously grown, also known as a distributed shared resource ledger. Each page in the shared resource ledger is a block, and each block is full of transaction details. The anonymity, decentralization, openness, transparency and difficulty in tampering of blockchain have made it favored by enterprises and has been widely used.

Encyclopedia: How to understand the immutability of blockchain

Blockchain technology is also called distributed ledger technology.

In the blockchain, since everyone (computer) has exactly the same ledger, and everyone (computer) has completely equal rights, there will be no loss of contact due to a single person (computer) Or crash, causing the entire system to collapse.

Since there are exactly the same ledgers, it means that all data is open and transparent, and everyone can see the digital changes in each account.

Its very interesting feature is that the data in it cannot be tampered with. Because the system will automatically compare, it will consider the account books with the largest number of the same number as the real account books, and the small number of account books with different numbers as others are false account books.

In this case, it makes no sense for anyone to tamper with their own ledger, because unless you can tamper with most of the nodes in the entire system.

If the entire system has only five or ten nodes, it may be easy to do, but if there are tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of nodes, and they are distributed in any corner of the Internet, unless someone Can control most of the computers in the world, otherwise it would be impossible to tamper with such a large blockchain

㈣ What is the super ledger in the blockchain

The ledger (Ledger) has It is composed of a certain format and a number of account pages, based on accounting vouchers, and is a book that records all economic business sequentially and classifiedly, which is what we usually call an account book. Blockchain represents a unique data recording format. Blockchain is "block + chain". The so-called block means data block. Each block is connected by a certain mark to form a chain. .

Hyperledger

Hyperledger (Chinese name is Hyperledger, collectively referred to as Hyperledger) is an initiative launched by the Linux Foundation in 2015 to promote blockchain digital technology and An open source project for transaction verification. The goal of Hyperledger is to allow members to work together to build an open platform to meet the needs of various users from many different industries, while also enabling large-scaleGreatly simplify business processes. The founding members of Hyperledge include major companies such as IBM, Intel, and Cisco. As of the completion of this book, more than 183 institutions and companies have joined Hyperledge, and they are growing rapidly.

When the Hyperledger project was established, the Linux Foundation had received several different code bases, including the IBM code base (to a certain extent inspired by Ethereum), and the DAH (Bits of Proof) Bitcoin code base. and the Sockstream codebase (an extension of the Bitcoin codebase). In addition, there are codes contributed by DigitalAsset and Ripple. With the development of the industry, a single project can no longer meet business needs, so Hyperledger has gradually developed from a single project into a project team. At present, Hyperedger is no longer a specific technology, but represents a collection of blockchain technology frameworks. As of now, the Hyperledger project team contains a total of 9 formal projects and more than 50 related modules of these formal projects.

The Xueshuo Innovation Blockchain Technology Workstation under Lianqiao Education Online is the only "blockchain technology" approved by the "Smart Learning Workshop 2020- Xueshuo Innovation Workstation" carried out by the School Planning and Construction Development Center of the Ministry of Education of China. Professional” pilot workstation. The professional base is based on providing students with diversified growth paths, promoting the reform of the training model integrating professional degree research, production, and research, and building an applied and compound talent training system.

㈤ Compound, the operating principle of blockchain banking

Compound is a currency market on Ethereum, an on-chain ledger that can be used by any user, institution and dApps. It provides the function of depositing and borrowing coins, just like a bank. Users can deposit coins and earn interest income, or borrow coins as collateral. In terms of implementation principles, Compound's ledger model is similar to that of a bank and follows international accounting standards.

To understand the implementation principle of Compound, please refer to the first part "Compound Decomposition". If you don't understand Compound at all, please refer to the second part "Compound White Paper Collection"; for other information, please refer to the third part "Reference"; Compound usage Tutorial Link Small Classroom | Use imToken to experience the decentralized "Yue Bao".

Compound is a real-time settlement ledger implemented using smart contracts. The premise that the ledger can be settled in real time is that transactions occur one by one, there is a definite execution sequence, and the time of transaction occurrence is true and reliable. Blockchain meets these characteristics and provides the basis for automatic settlement of ledgers.

On Compound, when a transaction occurs, the ledger will settle the account once. At this time, the settlementInterest will be updated to the account balance. When the next transaction event occurs, such settlement processing will be triggered again and the balance will be updated.

The simple model of a bank is to generate revenue through borrowing money, and the revenue is used as interest for deposit users. Simplifying Compound's interest rate model, which does not set floating borrowing interest rates, does not consider profits, and only ensures the balance of accounts and loans, is:

According to the formula:

Conclusion: The interest rate varies with changes with changes in total borrowings and total deposits.

If no transaction events occur, the total deposits and total borrowings will not change, and the interest rate will remain unchanged during this period. As transaction events occur, the total deposit/borrow amount will change, which will cause the interest rate to change.

Assume that the borrowing interest rate is 0.05. The circles in the state diagram below represent the status of the ledger and interest rate, and the arrows represent events:

In the diagram, state a has no borrowing and no revenue. The deposit interest rate is 0. Event 1. Borrowing 50 occurs. According to the formula, the new deposit interest rate is 0.025.

The ledger status caused by events 2 and 3 can also be calculated according to the formula.

Conclusion: Trading events cause interest rate changes.

The status changes in the previous section did not include the settlement process. Over time, revenue (interest) will be generated.

For deposits:

For loans:

Assuming that the borrowing rate is 5% as the daily interest rate (obviously usury, but easy to calculate), the superimposed time The state diagram for final settlement is as follows:

The yellow arrow represents the duration of the previous state. When an event occurs, the state is updated and enters the next time period.

It can be seen that after considering the relationship between revenue and time, the change in interest rate becomes more complicated, but the calculation process is still clear.

State a lasted for 1 day. Since the borrowing was 0 and the deposit interest rate was 0, the deposit did not change after event 1 was settled. Event 1 increased the total amount of borrowing. Recalculating the interest rate gives you a new deposit rate of 0.025.

Event 2 is triggered and state b lasts for 2 days. During settlement, the new total deposits and borrowings can be calculated:

SettlementFinally, the 50 deposited in Event 2 is added to the total deposit, resulting in 105 + 50 = 155. The new deposit interest rate is calculated as 0.01774 based on total deposits of 155 and total borrowings of 55.

Event 3 is triggered, and state c lasts for 1 day:

Since the repayment is 20, the total amount borrowed at this time is 57.75 - 20 = 37.75. The deposit interest rate is recalculated to 0.012.

Conclusion: Settlement occurs when a transaction event occurs. After settlement, the balance is adjusted according to the event and causes interest rate changes.

The above process already has a certain complexity, but the process of state changes triggered by events is very clear. In actual production, the total amount of deposits and borrowings is not generated by a single account, but by countless small accounts. For example, Alice deposits 50, Bob deposits 30, and the total deposit is 80. More problems arise here, because Alice and Bob deposit at different times, their interest rates are also different. Borrowing is similar. Therefore, each account must be settled separately, and their interest rates change according to changes in the general ledger balance.

We classify the total deposit of 100 in state a as other deposits. After 2 days, Alice deposits 50 and after settlement the other deposits are updated to 105. Alice's deposit increases the total deposit, bringing the total to 155, and the final deposit interest rate is calculated to be 0.01774.

One day later, Bob also deposits 50, at which time Alice's deposit and other deposits are settled at an interest rate of 0.01774. The settlement result is shown in state c.

Through the above analysis, it can be found that each time an event occurs, each detailed account needs to be settled. In this way, as the number of deposit/borrow users increases, the number of accounts will increase, and the amount of calculation required for each settlement will also increase. However, careful observation can reveal that as long as the historical interest rate is recorded, all accounts do not need to be settled when the event occurs. We directly calculate the state c in the figure based on the initial state of each subsidiary account:

Among them, 100 is the initial amount of other deposits, and 50 is the initial amount of Alice's deposit. 0.025 is the first period interest rate and 0.01774 is the second period interest rate. It can be seen that as long as the historical interest rate is available, the current balance of each detailed account can be calculated through iterative operations. Therefore, when performing settlement operations, only the detailed accounts of event operations need to be settled. Other accounts can be temporarily exempted from settlement until they are operated and then calculated.Can.

Conclusion: Each settlement only needs to calculate the affected subsidiary accounts and update the general ledger. Other accounts can wait until they are manipulated.

The above model can be completely transplanted to the blockchain. When we initiate a transaction event on the smart contract, settlement processing will be triggered and the interest rate will be updated. These processes are fully automated.

The essence of Compound is to copy a set of traditional accounting models into the blockchain so that accounting ledgers can be settled in real time. Thanks to this, the legal documents and procedures that need to be signed for deposits/borrows are implicitly included in the smart contract. People no longer need to negotiate any more and can use the service with just a few taps. At the same time, it is deployed on a decentralized network and becomes a non-regional, free and open contract protocol. As long as the rules of the contract are followed, anyone and any institution can use this low-friction financial service without distinction.

However, it may not be necessary to use traditional accounting models to handle accounts on the blockchain. We have more feasible solutions and simpler mathematical models to implement financial services like Compound. There is no doubt that these "future" financial services will develop rapidly and build a new century.

Follow international accounting standards:

Compound Whitepaper

Compound Protocol Specification

Small Classroom | Use imToken to experience decentralization Transforming "Yue Bao"

㈥ What is the blockchain economy? The most important thing in the blockchain economy is the ledger

1. In the blockchain economy What I have to mention is the ledger. There is a block on every chain. Ledgers are also everywhere. At the same time, these ledgers do not only record transactions, but are composed of some regular data.

2. Fundamentally, ledgers describe economic and social relationships. Agreement on facts and their changes (i.e. consensus on the contents of the ledger and full trust in the accuracy of the ledger) is the cornerstone of market capitalism. Institutional cryptoeconomics gives us a tool to understand where the blockchain revolution is happening, and what we can’t predict.

3. The blockchain economy is also a phenomenon brought about by blockchain technology. Currently, many companies have adopted blockchain technology, so the value benefits generated by using blockchain technology can be called Because it is a blockchain economy, the economic system in the general environment is also changing. These systems are inseparable from ledgers, so the blockchain economy has inevitable value.

㈦ Blockchain technology will subvert the pastIs it a traditional accounting industry that mainly relies on double-entry bookkeeping?

No
First of all, accounting is not an industry.
According to current company regulations, accountants are required in all walks of life.
But if you want to get a higher-than-average salary, compound skills have better prospects than a single skill.
The boss will pay a higher salary to accountants who can create value and bring profits, and give accountants who are paid dead wages to copy numbers on the screen a lower salary than the front desk.

Secondly, regarding whether emerging technologies will reduce or even replace manual and financial software, the emergence of SAP has greatly reduced the manual work of basic financial positions. In the past two years, 70 cashiers in a certain area of ​​an operator Customer service, so the salary of basic financial positions cannot increase; but this does not mean that there is no need for a cashier, it just means that the cashier is also the front desk, or the cashier is also the customer service staff.
The low basic salary makes it difficult to recruit people, and the boss feels distressed if he spends more money. It seems to be a better solution to replace it with robots once and for all. However, problems such as data tampering and machine maintenance have led to the popularity of robots in all walks of life. It will still be a long, long time before the accounting function disappears.
Just like some Gree factories use robotic arms, but Foxconn just chose to move the factory to Indonesia. As long as labor is cheaper than robots, there will still be small workshops.

Finally, accounting functions will change. In fact, I think the biggest difference between humans and robots lies in the processing of complex information. The key to whether accounting is good or not lies in the efficiency of information extraction and processing. With the current level of technology, It seems that the processing speed of a single event is not as fast as that of a computer, but the computer freezes when doing multiple-choice questions, and the quiz questions are stuck all the time, so it is still early to subvert anything.

Blockchain and private cloud technologies will take at least ten to twenty years to mature. After such a long time, you can learn some new skills; or enhance your efficiency in processing information. As long as you have the ability to deal with finance, Human beings will always exist and will never be unemployed; because information is always asymmetric, there is no completely transparent free effective information in any field.

㈧ Digital RMB salary payment! See how blockchain technology can "protect" your wallet

On September 10, Di Gang, deputy director of the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, spoke at the parallel forum "Area" of the 2021 China (Beijing) Digital Finance Forum "Blockchain Empowers the High-Quality Development of the Digital Economy" stated that the Central Bank's Digital Currency Research Institute is actively exploring the application of digital RMB blockchain. Previously, Xiongan New Area applied the fund payment blockchain system to realize the salary payment of builders. This system not only saves salary transaction costs, but also makes transaction data open and transparent, ensuring the authenticity and security of transactions.

The principle of applying blockchain to digital renminbi

The capital payment blockchain system uses blockchain as the underlying system, uses digital renminbi to realize the value transfer of wages, and has blockchain Distributed storage, anonymous encryption, peer-to-peer transactions, instant settlement and other featurespoint.

1. Distributed ledger

A distributed ledger is a database distributed across multiple nodes. Each node stores the same copy of the ledger and shares ledger information. After the digital renminbi is added to the blockchain, it can not only confirm and register the digital currency, improve the security of data and systems, but also record ledger transaction information on different servers, creating a distributed and publicly viewable database for banks. network to ensure that transaction data is accurate and transparent.

2. Peer-to-peer transactions

The decentralized nature of the blockchain means that it is not controlled by the server. Each node is equal and jointly maintains the entire network of nodes. data information. In addition, each node follows the rules of the cryptographic algorithm and does not require endorsement by a third party or trust agency. Under this feature, digital RMB can be directly traded point-to-point, realizing the simultaneous transfer of transaction information and value.

3. Smart Contract

Simply put, a smart contract is a digital agreement that uses algorithms to write contract terms and deploys them on the blockchain to automatically execute according to rules. When distributing digital RMB wages, the construction general contractor initiates payment settlement on the blockchain system and uploads the builder's wallet ID and salary amount to the chain. The system will ensure it in the form of smart contracts under open and transparent conditions. Transaction security; during the transaction, the transaction note will be broadcast throughout the network to ensure that the transaction information is difficult to tamper with; after the transaction, the smart contract will be executed and the digital renminbi will be automatically transferred from the construction party's wallet to the builder's wallet. In this process, the two parties directly transferred the value of digital renminbi, saving the cost of intermediate links and achieving point-to-point instant settlement.

Advantages of blockchain + digital renminbi

Compared with traditional electronic payments such as WeChat and Alipay, digital renminbi does not rely on banks. Users can obtain storage, payment, and Inquiry and other services. When transferring money, digital renminbi supports offline payment. Users only need to scan codes, remittances, touch and other interactive methods to realize the transfer of funds, avoiding delays in arrival due to network obstacles, and realizing "transaction and settlement". ". In addition, digital RMB wallets have lower requirements for users, and users do not need real-name authentication, which reduces the risk of information leakage from banks, third parties and other institutions. With the support of blockchain technology, the advantages of digital renminbi are gradually highlighted.

In addition to payroll, the application scenarios of blockchain have also expanded to cross-border payments, domestic letters of credit and other financial fields. In short, blockchain technology has built a trustworthy ecological environment for us, improved the transparency and authenticity of assets, and ensured the security of information data.

Expert: Zhou Kunpeng, Professor of School of Journalism and Communication, Zhengzhou University

㈨ What does the protection mechanism of blockchain ledgers include under the blockchain computing mode

Consensus confirmation, Multi-party storage, safe and trustworthy, and cannot be tampered with. The blockchain computing model uses the blockchain data structure to verifyCertify and store data, and use distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data. The guarantee mechanism of the blockchain account book includes consensus confirmation, multi-party storage, safety, trustworthiness, and non-tampering. The guarantee mechanism is to provide material and information for management activities. The mechanism of mental conditions is divided according to its function. According to the function of the mechanism, it is divided into incentive mechanism, restriction mechanism and guarantee mechanism.