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1. What are the application scenarios of blockchain technology?

Blockchain technology has various application scenarios. Once popularized, the entire society will receive huge benefits.
1. Financial Services
The application of blockchain in the financial field has long been spread and is not a new thing. All over the world, the application of blockchain in financial technology has been widely concerned and highly valued.
In mainland China, China UnionPay signed a strategic cooperation agreement on mobile payment with Bank of China in early 2018 and explored cooperation in the field of blockchain. Later, it cooperated with JD.com to jointly launch the "Internet Financial Payment" based on blockchain. Security Alliance Risk Information Sharing (Distributed Query) Platform”.
In Hong Kong, China, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority was one of the first regulators to launch a sandbox to support financial innovation experiments including blockchain technology; the Hong Kong Monetary Authority also joined hands with the banking industry to launch "Trade Linkage" (eTradeConnect), this is the Hong Kong banking industry’s first large-scale trade finance information sharing platform that applies blockchain technology.
2. Judicial evidence storage
On September 18, 2018, the Hangzhou Internet Court was officially launched on the blockchain, becoming the first court in the world to use blockchain for trials.
It is understood that the complainant can submit electronic evidence such as the contract, rights protection process, service process details, etc. online through the online complaint portal, and the nodes on the chain such as the notary office, judicial appraisal center, CA/RA agency, and court will jointly witness it. , joint endorsement, providing one-stop service for prosecutors. The Internet Court of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province made a public judgment on a dispute over infringement of the right to disseminate work information online, and for the first time confirmed the legal validity of electronic data stored using blockchain technology.
3. Intellectual property rights
Blockchain and related distributed ledger technologies provide the possibility for the protection and registration of intellectual property rights and as evidence during the registration stage or court litigation stage. These technologies can also speed up the protection and registration process of the above-mentioned intellectual property rights in a cost-effective manner.
4. Logistics field
In early 2018, Cainiao and Tmall International jointly announced that they have used blockchain technology to track, upload, and verify the full logistics link information of cross-border imported goods.
After all nodes in the logistics chain are connected to the blockchain, goods can be traced from the manufacturer to the consumer, forming a complete chain; the more missing links a product has, the higher the probability that it will be exposed as a fake or shoddy product. big.
5. Electronic Invoice
On August 10, 2018, Shenzhen Guomao Revolving Restaurant issued the country’s first blockchain electronic invoice. It is understood that this blockchain electronic invoice issued by Shenzhen It is led by the Municipal Taxation Bureau and Tencent provides the underlying technology and capabilities.
Different from traditional electronic invoices and simple electronic invoices uploaded to the chain, this blockchain electronic invoice combines "fund flow and invoice flow" into one, combining invoice issuance with online payment, and opening up the invoice application process. The entire process of collection, invoicing, reimbursement and tax filing.
NoIn addition to the above fields, the blue ocean application prospects of blockchain are broad. In the future, the application and development of new technologies will emerge in all walks of life, and blockchain will flourish.

2. What should the phenomenon and application of blockchain look like

1. The revolution of blockchain

Until the 7th year after the emergence of Bitcoin At the beginning of the year, its underlying core technology, blockchain, began to become known to people. With the wealth effect caused by Bitcoin’s multi-million-fold increase, blockchain is becoming more and more popular. Its value is widely recognized and it is generally considered to be the core technology leading the fourth industrial revolution.

In 2018, Xu Xiaoping, a well-known angel investor, raised his arms and shouted: "The blockchain revolution has arrived! We must embrace this revolution!" With one stone, it caused thousands of waves, and soon the official blockchain learning book was launched online , official media interpreted that a wave of entrepreneurship and recruitment are coming one after another. In 2019, blockchain was officially designated as “an important breakthrough for independent innovation in core technologies.”

Under this situation, blockchain has become an out-and-out "new trend", and blockchain application has become a keyword. It has significant advantages in optimizing business processes and building trustworthy systems. How can we use these advantages of blockchain technology to empower the real economy?

Not only blockchain project parties are trying, but also Chinese Internet giants represented by BAT, financial systems and mobile operators represented by China Merchants Bank, Bank of China, and Ping An Insurance, etc. They are all actively carrying out "blockchain+", and it is also in full swing overseas. Facebook, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, etc. are all actively promoting it.

2. Blockchain+

On August 10, 2018, Tencent issued the first blockchain electronic invoice. As of July 3, 2020, invoices were issued Volume reaches 25 million. Blockchain electronic invoices have the advantages of simple invoicing, on-demand supply, low cost, high efficiency, and anti-counterfeiting. Tencent Blockchain quickly occupied the market with first-mover advantages in blockchain + government affairs and blockchain + taxation.

Ant Financial, owned by Alibaba, began to deploy blockchain as early as 2015. So far, Ant Blockchain has open alliance chain, BaaS platform and other products covering dozens of application scenarios. It has reached on-chain cooperation with many well-known global companies such as Intel, Jingdezhen Porcelain, and Bayer. The Internet also entered the blockchain very early and launched blockchain games, blockchain certificate storage and other services. Currently, the number of certificates stored on the chain has exceeded 100 million.

In 2019, the scale of China's blockchain industry alone reached 1.2 billion yuan. Data from the research institution Research and Markets shows that the output value of blockchain technology in the telecommunications field will surge from 4.66 million US dollars in 2018 to 2023. 993.8 billion US dollars in the year. Against this background, 2020 will usher in multiple policy benefits.

1. Officials have included blockchain into the scope of new infrastructure and new technology infrastructure;

2. Hunan released the "Three-year Action Plan for the Development of the Blockchain Industry in Hunan Province (2020-2022)" ;

3. Guangzhou launched the "Implementation Opinions of Guangzhou City on Promoting the Innovation and Development of the Blockchain Industry (2020-2022)";

4. Beijing issued the "Beijing Urban Area Blockchain Innovation and Development Action Plan (2020-2022)";

5. Jiangxi launched a blockchain service hall;

6. Wuhan held a blockchain technology conference Special event for achievement transformation;

7. The Chongqing Smart Expo Blockchain Application Innovation Competition plans to invest a huge amount of 50 million yuan as investment incentives.

However, although the implementation of blockchain in financial, government affairs, public welfare, games, agriculture, manufacturing, medical care, copyright and other physical fields has achieved remarkable results, it has also played an active role in fighting the new crown epidemic. role.

However, due to the influence of the general environment, more funds, resources, and attention have been attracted to the direction of blockchain empowering the real economy, but the core native applications of blockchain have been ignored.

3. Blockchain native applications

The Internet has opened an era of information explosion, and blockchain will bring a future where value flows freely. In today's global economic and financial system, affected by many factors such as ideology, cultural systems, business models, and technological levels, the cost of value transfer is high and the efficiency is low, especially in cross-border payment scenarios.

In the future blockchain era, value transfer will be like information transfer: global, instant, free, and equally enjoyed by everyone. All offline assets such as stocks, securities, identities, and real estate can be freely converted on the chain.

Moreover, the impact of blockchain technology has far exceeded the technical category itself. It is also an idea. The soul of blockchain lies in consensus. In the era of blockchain, truly powerful vitality will be born in community consensus and application implementation, and community and consensus will become the main body and soul of the industry.

In a community with consensus, individual energy and value will be fully stimulated, offsetting the fission effect of traditional centralization, breaking the original solid underlying structure, and reshaping new business and social values.

Therefore, blockchain native applications should be based on community and consensus, give individuals a path to realize their value, and be able to maximize the application ecosystem that stimulates individual energy and creativity, ultimately breaking monopoly and forming Decentralized free value exchange network.

Individual energy and value are multi-dimensional and highly subjective. These areasThe blockchain model design obviously cannot fully stimulate individual energy, and it is even far from it.

Native applications that truly conform to the spirit of blockchain should be grand and comprehensive in application model design, taking into account all online and offline value-creating behaviors of individuals for personalized use by individuals. , each individual’s areas of expertise are different.

Borrowing from the Pareto optimal solution theory, each individual's energy can be maximized to maximize the energy of the whole, and only then can the original centralized business model be broken and a free flow of global individuals be formed. A peer-to-peer value transmission network builds a new decentralized business infrastructure, changes the value creation and delivery model, and reshapes the values ​​of the entire society.

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3. Application aspects of blockchain

Blockchain The main application areas include: digital currency, financial asset transaction settlement, digital government affairs, certificate deposit and anti-counterfeiting data services and other fields. Blockchain is a database technology that links data blocks in an orderly manner. Each block is responsible for recording a file data and encrypting it to ensure that the data cannot be modified or forged.

Blockchain is essentially a distributed database system that uses cryptography technology for multi-party participation, joint maintenance, and continuous growth. It is also called a distributed shared ledger. Each page in the shared ledger is a block, and each block is filled with transaction records. The anonymity, decentralization, openness, transparency, and non-tamperability of blockchain technology make it highly favored by enterprises and has gained More extensive application attempts.

Blockchain application scope 1. Financial field

Blockchain can provide a trust mechanism and has the potential to change the financial infrastructure. Various financial assets such as equity, bonds, bills, warehouse receipts, fund shares, etc. It can be integrated into the blockchain technology system and become a digital asset on the chain, which can be stored, transferred and traded on the blockchain.

The decentralization of blockchain technology can reduce transaction costs and make financial transactions more convenient, intuitive and secure. The combination of blockchain technology and the financial industry will inevitably create more and more business models, service scenarios, business processes and financial products, thereby bringing more impact to the development of financial markets, financial institutions, financial services and financial formats. . With the improvement of blockchain technology and the combination of blockchain technology with other financial technologies, blockchain technology will gradually adapt to the application of large-scale financial scenarios.

2. Public service field

Traditional public services rely on limited data dimensions, and the information obtained may not be comprehensive enough and have a certain lag. The non-tamperable nature of the blockchain makes the digital certification on the chain highly credible. It can be used to establish new authentication mechanisms in the fields of property rights, notarization and public welfare, and improve the management level of public services.

Relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation projects, fundraising details, fund flows, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain.On the premise of meeting the requirements of privacy protection of project participants and other relevant laws and regulations, the project shall be publicly disclosed conditionally to facilitate public and social supervision.

3. Information security field

Using the traceability and non-tampering characteristics of blockchain, we can ensure the authenticity of data sources and ensure the non-forgery of data. Blockchain technology will fundamentally change information Security issues of the propagation path.

Blockchain is reflected in the following three points in the field of information security:

User identity authentication protects data integrity and effectively prevents DDoS attacks

The distributed storage architecture of blockchain will make Hackers are at a loss as to what to do. Some companies have begun to develop a distributed Internet domain name system based on blockchain to eliminate the root cause of the current DNS registration shortcomings and make the network system cleaner and more transparent.

4. Internet of Things field

Blockchain + Internet of Things can allow each device on the Internet of Things to operate independently, and the information generated by the entire network can be protected through smart contracts in the blockchain.

Security: Traditional IoT devices are highly vulnerable to attacks, data loss and maintenance costs are high. Typical information security risk issues for IoT devices include low firmware versions, lack of security patches, permission loopholes, too many device network ports, and unencrypted information transmission. The blockchain's consensus mechanism for network-wide node verification, asymmetric encryption technology and distributed data storage will significantly reduce the risk of hacker attacks.

Trustability: The traditional Internet of Things is managed and controlled by a centralized cloud server. Due to the security of the device and the opacity of the centralized server, it is difficult to effectively protect user privacy data. The blockchain is a distributed account book. Each block is interconnected and has its own independent working ability, ensuring that the information on the chain will not be tampered with at will. Distributed ledgers can therefore provide trust, ownership records, transparency and communication support for the Internet of Things.

Effectiveness: Limited by cloud services and maintenance costs, the Internet of Things is difficult to achieve large-scale commercial use. The traditional Internet of Things realizes communication between things through centralized cloud servers. The disadvantage of this model is that as the number of access devices increases, the server faces more load, requiring enterprises to invest a lot of money to maintain the normal operation of the IoT system.

Blockchain technology can directly realize point-to-point transactions, omitting the labor expenditure of other intermediaries or personnel, which can effectively reduce the costs incurred by third-party services and maximize benefits.

5. Supply chain field

The supply chain consists of many participating entities, with a large amount of interaction and collaboration. Information is discretely stored in their own systems, lacking transparency. The lack of smooth information makes it difficult for various participating entities to accurately understand the real-time status and existing problems of related matters, affecting the collaborative efficiency of the supply chain. When disputes arise between parties, it is time-consuming and laborious to provide evidence and pursue accountability.

Blockchain can make data open and transparent among various entities, thereby forming a complete, smooth, and non-tamperable information flow throughout the entire supply chain. This can ensure that each entity promptly detects the operation of the supply chain systemproblems arising during the process and find solutions in a targeted manner, thereby improving the overall efficiency of supply chain management.

6. Automotive Industry

Last year announced a partnership using blockchain to build a proof of concept to streamline the car rental process and build it into a “click, sign up, and drive” process. Future customers choose what they want The rented car enters the public ledger of the blockchain; then, sitting in the driver's seat, the customer signs the rental agreement and insurance policy, and the blockchain updates the information simultaneously. This is not an imagination, for car sales and car registration Said, this type of process may also develop into reality.

7. Stock Trading

For many years, many companies have worked to make the process of buying, selling, and trading stocks easy. Emerging Blockchain Chain startups believe that blockchain technology can make this process more secure and automated than any previous solution. At the same time, blockchain startup Chain is working with Nasdaq to enable private companies through blockchain. Equity transfer

8. Government management

Government information, project bidding and other information are open and transparent. Government work is usually subject to public attention and supervision. Since blockchain technology can ensure the transparency and immutability of information, it is very important to the government. The implementation of transparent management plays a great role. There is a certain degree of information opacity in government project bidding, and enterprises also have the risk of information leakage during the sealed bidding process. Blockchain can ensure that bidding information cannot be tampered with and can ensure the transparency of information nature, forming a common trust among competitors who do not trust each other. It can also arrange subsequent smart contracts through the blockchain to ensure the construction progress of the project and prevent the growth of corruption to a certain extent.

There are many more applications of blockchain technology, and this is just a fulcrum of blockchain applications. In the future, blockchain technology will be applied everywhere

4. What is blockchain In layman’s terms, you must know these five major application scenarios of blockchain!

Recently, blockchain has become popular overnight, and everyone around is discussing blockchain.

So , is blockchain the same as Bitcoin?

In fact, Bitcoin and blockchain are not the same thing.

Blockchain is Bitcoin The underlying technology, but the first usage scenario after the birth of blockchain is Bitcoin.

Bitcoin is just a string of data in the computer. Compared with paper currency, it is also called "Virtual currency". Simply put, you can understand that Bitcoin is just a string of numbers with cash value, similar to Q coins. In other words, Bitcoin has no actual value, and its current value is speculation. People’s faith is supporting them. If faith is gone, the value of Bitcoin will collapse.

What is blockchain? What are the characteristics of blockchain technology?

We Let’s first take a look, why is blockchain called blockchain?

Data is stored block by block, and the data stored block by block is called a block. Different blocks are linked to the previous block, which is called a blockchain.

For example:

On a certain day of a certain year, Lao Wang lent Xiao Wang 10,000 yuan. Lao Wang told everyone around him the news , the transfer records were posted on WeChat Moments, and everyone helped them testify to the existence of this transaction.

Lao Wang and Xiao Wang are two nodes. These two nodes generate transaction time, location, person and other information, and they are packaged to form a "block". Lao Wang’s friends are also nodes. These nodes jointly record the transaction status and details (blocks) of the two nodes Lao Wang and Xiao Wang. These blocks are connected to form a blockchain.

Fundamentally, blockchain is a distributed ledger database.

What does distributed ledger mean?

Let’s take a look at the traditional accounting method.

The traditional accounting method is a centralized accounting method. For example, if Lao Wang lent 10,000 yuan to Xiao Wang, if Lao Wang did not tell the world about this money, then this amount would Only Lao Wang knows about the money transactions, Xiao Wang knows, God knows, and Earth knows. This accounting method is a centralized accounting method. This method has a very fatal shortcoming: what should I do if the other party does not acknowledge the account? In fact, in real life, in spontaneous private lending relationships, there is no evidence when the lending relationship occurs, resulting in many cases where the other party does not acknowledge the debt afterwards.

The accounting method adopted by Lao Wang from the beginning has prevented future troubles. This method is the blockchain distributed ledger, which has the characteristics of decentralization and allows everyone to It is the center and everyone can testify to the existence of this deal.

In addition to the characteristics of decentralization, blockchain also has the characteristics of being immutable. In the blockchain, if the data in any one block changes, even if it only changes a punctuation mark, it will become invalid and needs to be recalculated. Therefore, in the blockchain technology, once a piece of data changes, the cost will be Very big. Unless all nodes in this blockchain have 51% control. Therefore, the blockchain system will be stable and secure.

It’s still Lao Wang and Xiao Wang. If Xiao Wang wants to default on his debt, he can’t tamper with it unless he bribes everyone in the world who knows about the transaction.

Blockchain is also open and transparent.

In blockchain technology, all data is public, which is still the case of Lao Wang and Xiao Wang.

If Xiao Wang does not accept the money, once this news is released, then Xiao Wang’s reputation will be ruined. He can only pay back the money to release new news and wash out the money. clearown identity.

Some people say that if the blockchain is so powerful, will my identity information be revealed and there will be no privacy? In fact, the blockchain has the characteristics of anonymity, which protects our privacy very well. Unless required by legal regulations, technically speaking, the identity of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and can be done anonymously.

What are the applications of blockchain?

The origin of blockchain is to solve the problem of trust, and one of the most successful applications of blockchain is digital currency. Bitcoin is arguably the most successful application of blockchain so far.

In addition to digital currency, the future applications of Bitcoin are still very wide, and blockchain technology has been widely used in different industries. Such as product traceability, copyright protection and transactions, payment and settlement, Internet of Things, digital marketing, medical care, etc., promoting different industries to quickly enter the "blockchain+" era.

1. Payment and clearing

The role of the intermediary bank can be abandoned, point-to-point payment can be realized, intermediary fees can be reduced, and fund utilization can be accelerated.

2. Product traceability

For example, if we buy a piece of clothing on a certain website, we can see the past and present life of this piece of clothing.

3. Securities trading

Traditional securities trading requires the coordination of four major institutions, which is inefficient and costly. Blockchain technology can independently complete one-stop services.

4. Supply chain

Introduce blockchain technology into the supply chain system, synchronize information within the system, control all links, and better complete division of labor and collaboration. , to facilitate accountability afterwards.

5. Intellectual property rights

With copyright on the chain, our photographic works, musical works, literary works, etc. will become our information, and the ownership of the information will be confirmed and become our property.

5. A brief analysis of the application of blockchain technology

A brief analysis of the application of blockchain technology
I believe many people do not understand the recent hot blockchain technology. Don't understand its applicable scenarios. Although theoretically any industry related to digital networks can be applied, from the perspective of implementation costs, the following industries are more suitable for blockchain technology.
Since the essence of the blockchain is a distributed accounting ledger, digital currencies represented by Bitcoin and Ethereum are also a very simple and safe settlement method. The most important thing in the financial field is the accounting and clearing process. Blockchain technology can greatly improve the efficiency of traditional banks and the financial industry.
However, all of the above are the basic functions of blockchain, and there is still a lot of room for improvement. Currently, there is no mature one in the world.We still have a long way to go before the implementation of blockchain financial projects.

When it comes to the application of blockchain, the first thing we think of is the banking and financial industries. Since the essence of blockchain is a distributed accounting system, it is most suitable for the financial industry. Digital currency based on blockchain can also be used in transactions, clearing and settlement, etc. The security and decentralization of blockchain are used to ensure the security of accounting. Currently, major countries are exploring this application.
In addition, many businesses of government agencies are also very suitable for the application of blockchain technology, such as the management of resident identity information, ownership records, product supervision, etc. Ensure the security and privacy of critical information through distributed immutable records. Many countries such as Ireland have included this development plan as a short-term goal, and it is also one of the more common areas of use of blockchain.
Financial field: The financial field is the field where blockchain has the most applications besides Bitcoin. After all, financial development also involves currency and digital currency. Especially in the past two years, the development of digital currencies has also driven the application of blockchain.
Regarding blockchain deception, when blockchain first emerged, it was questioned by many people and was called blockchain deception. Now the chief economists of various countries in the region have begun to quit studying blockchain, proving that blockchain is gradually being accepted by the public.
In addition, due to the emergence of Ethereum smart contracts, blockchain can also better assist resource sharing related industries, such as our common shared bicycles and other products. Another example is the medical field. We can also use blockchain technology to improve efficiency and safety, which will bring about a qualitative change in this industry.
I believe everyone has a preliminary understanding of the practical application of blockchain. Looking back at the ICO craze in China some time ago, a large number of unreliable projects such as dog chains forced speculation on the concept. Obviously, domestic investors There is not enough understanding of the blockchain application field, so stopping ICO not only regulates the industry, but also protects the investing public.

6. How to apply blockchain technology to actual scenarios

Blockchain is divided into public chain and private chain, but in fact, it is distinguished by the concepts of public chain and permissioned chain. more suitable.

Everyone can join the public chain. In order to attract more people to join, it also has a certain incentive mechanism. This incentive mechanism is based on the consensus algorithm of the blockchain and uses Bitcoin as the unit of account. In order to make incentives more effective, methods such as anchoring to legal currency are usually adopted to make the accounting unit valuable. As time goes by, a certain degree of credibility has been accumulated, and businesses such as certificate storage and payment can be performed on the public chain.

Permissioned chains include what are commonly known as private chains and consortium chains.

It is more appropriate to use "proprietary chain" to refer to "private chain". Proprietary chains are usually used within a large company or group. In the many-to-many reporting system and reconciliation system, the management cost is very high. Blockchain technology is used to achieve information sharing and more effectiveSupervision can greatly reduce costs and improve efficiency.

A consortium chain is often a blockchain jointly constructed by several enterprises. These enterprises are already related, either upstream and downstream, Party A and Party B, or horizontal interconnection cooperation. In order to reduce costs and improve efficiency, using blockchain technology.

To a certain extent, the consortium chain and the proprietary chain are essentially the same. Both require participants to obtain technical permission to join, and all parties are also restricted, so they are called Permission chain. Because there is a correlation in the original economic activities, there is no need for an incentive mechanism on the blockchain, and tokens may not necessarily be generated in actual applications.

2. How to protect privacy on the blockchain where information is disclosed?

In the application of blockchain, information is transparent and shared, so how to solve the problem of privacy protection? How to deal with the relationship between supervision, checks and balances and privacy protection?

In fact, the sharing of information on the blockchain is selective sharing, and transparency is also limited transparency. Not all data will be written to the blockchain, only those that require supervision and sharing. In addition, not all data that has been written to the blockchain is transparent. Those opaque data may require authorization to see. These are achieved through encryption means.

3. How to ensure processing efficiency while data is growing rapidly?

With the growth of data, the database is getting larger and larger, which not only increases the storage burden, but also affects the processing effect at any time. How to deal with the contradiction between efficiency and data growth is a matter of great concern to people. .

And because there are many parties involved in the blockchain, some people may think that its data processing efficiency must be lower than that of a centralized network.

In fact, this depends on actual needs. In most cases, blockchain can meet efficiency needs.

The two major links that affect processing efficiency are the verification mechanism, which verifies the authenticity of each packaged block; and the second is the consensus algorithm. This second step takes the most time.

For permissioned chains, there are many ways to improve efficiency. For example, the POW algorithm is not used in the verification mechanism, but the verification pool algorithm is used. Which data is written to the blockchain, which data is transparent, and which is supervised can all be determined based on the actual situation.

4. Real application requirements of blockchain.

In various current discussions, people have imagined various blockchain application needs. But many of them are not real needs.

Whether a blockchain application demand is real or not, it is easy to judge whether the blockchain application solves actual problems - whether it can reduce costs and improve efficiency, rather than for the sake of application. Blockchain and application of blockchain.

According to customer feedback, in the actual application of blockchain, the most important thing is security and controllability - consensus algorithm, hierarchical authorization, and joint signature can only be applied under the premise of controllability. A further requirement is to be able to perform high-performance processing, including transaction processing efficiency and read efficiency of storage structures. The third is private key and privacy management. It is of course necessary to have both transparent supervision and privacy protection. The fourth is the built-in simple contract. The reason why it is a simple contract rather than a smart contract is also due to controllability considerations. As intelligence increases, controllability will inevitably decrease. Finally, scalability means supporting multiple types of transactions and certificates, supporting massive data and large-scale users. For a better user experience, there must also be fast development and visualization tools, which is essential for the popularization of blockchain applications. is very critical.