区块链领域分类有哪些,区块链领域分类标准

Ⅰ What are the application fields of blockchain technology?

Tourism field: Triporg is a tourism service platform based on blockchain technology, which can provide booking services such as train tickets and hotels. .

II Which fields are blockchain suitable for?

The first one is the information security industry.
The second one is the bill business field
The third one is the payment and settlement business.
Fourth, identity/account authentication business.
Fifth, each node participating in the maintenance of the equity proof blockchain can obtain a complete data record. Using the characteristics of reliable and collective maintenance of the blockchain, the rights of the owners of equity can be confirmed.
Blockchain technology is really powerful. With the advancement of the times, this technology may change the development direction and trend of the financial industry, and because the blockchain technology itself has large capacity, high-speed computing, security, and convenience And other characteristics have laid a strong foundation for the advancement and popularization of technology.

III What are the application fields of blockchain technology?

Application fields: financial field, Internet of Things and logistics field, public service field, digital copyright field, insurance field, and public welfare field.

Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the Internet of Things and logistics fields. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved. This field is considered a promising application direction of blockchain.

Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in the fields of public management, energy, transportation, etc. However, the centralized nature of these fields also brings some problems, which can be transformed with blockchain.

Blockchain Technology

This major cultivates the comprehensive development of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic and labor skills, and masters basic knowledge of natural sciences, humanities and social sciences, and basic theories of computer science. , basic theory and application knowledge of blockchain technology and application, have the basic ability of blockchain software development, software development practice and project organization, have the awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship, competition and team awareness and craftsman spirit, and be able to engage in blockchain High-quality and high-level technical skills talents for chain technology design, management, service and other work.

Reference for the above content: Network-Blockchain Technology

IV Chain Classification of Blockchain

Two days ago, a friend asked a lot about blockchain on WeChat There are some problems with the blockchain. One of them is how to classify the chain of the blockchain. Blockchain can currently be divided into four categories: public chain, private chain, alliance chain and side chain. Beijing Muqi Mobile Technology Co., Ltd., a professional blockchain outsourcing development company, welcomes discussions for cooperation. The following will help you understand the characteristics of these blockchain chains and how to apply them. I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Public chain - everyone can participate

Public chain means that anyone can read it, anyone can send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed , anyone can participate in the consensusProcess blockchain.

The public chain adopts the proof-of-work mechanism (POW), proof-of-stake mechanism (POS), and share authorization proof mechanism (DPOS), and combines economic rewards and encrypted digital verification. And establish a principle that the economic rewards that each person can obtain are proportional to the workload. These blockchains are often considered to be completely decentralized.

Features:

1. Open source, because the operating rules of the entire system are open and transparent, this system is an open source system; 2. Protect users from the influence of developers, in the public domain Program developers in the chain have no right to interfere with users, so the blockchain can protect users who use the programs they develop; 3. The access threshold is low and anyone with sufficient technical capabilities can access it, that is, as long as there is a computer that can connect to the Internet Computers can meet the access conditions; 4. All data is public by default, although all associated participants hide their true identities. This phenomenon is very common. They generate their own security through their public nature, where every participant can see all account balances and all their transaction activity.

Case: There are many familiar figures in the public chain: BTC, ETH, EOS, AE, ADA, etc.

2. Private chain - rights are in the hands of a few people

A private chain refers to a blockchain whose write permission is only in the hands of one organization. Read permissions are either open to the public or arbitrarily restricted. Relevant applications include database management, auditing, and even a company. Although in some cases it is desirable to have public auditability, in many cases public readability is not necessary.

Features:

1. Fast transaction speed. The transaction speed of a private chain can be faster than any other blockchain, or even close to not being a blockchain. the speed of a regular database. This is because even a small number of nodes have a high degree of trust, and each node does not need to verify a transaction. 2. Good privacy, giving better privacy protection The private chain makes the data privacy policy on that blockchain exactly the same as in another database; there is no need to deal with access permissions and use all the old methods, but at least it says , this data is not publicly available to anyone with an internet connection. 3. Low transaction costs. Transaction costs are significantly reduced or even zero. Transactions can be carried out completely free or at least very cheaply on the private chain. If one entity controlled and processed all transactions, they would no longer need to charge fees for their work.

Case: Linux Foundation, R3CEV Corda platform and Gem Health network’s Hyperledger projectproject) or developing or using private chains.

3. Alliance chain - partial decentralization

The degree of openness and decentralization of the alliance chain is limited. The participants are screened out in advance or designated directly. The read permission of the database may be public, or it may be limited to the participants of the system like the write permission.

Features:

1. Low transaction costs, transactions only need to be verified by a few trusted high-computing nodes without the need for confirmation by the entire network; 2. Nodes Easy to connect, if something goes wrong, the consortium chain can be quickly repaired through manual intervention, and allows the use of consensus algorithms to reduce block times, thereby completing transactions faster; 3. Flexible, if necessary, run a private blockchain community or Companies can easily modify the rules of this blockchain, revert transactions, modify balances, etc.

Case: Ripple has established an alliance chain for international remittances between Japan and South Korea and inter-bank remittances in Japan. At the same time, Xunlei Link, which has been popular for a while, is also a semi-open alliance chain.

4. Side chain - extended protocol

Strictly speaking, "side chain" is not a blockchain itself, but can be understood as an extension of the blockchain. Protocol. The early "side chain" was to solve the limitations of Bitcoin blockchain technology. Side chains are like pathways that connect different blockchains to each other to achieve the expansion of the blockchain. Side chains Completely independent of the Bitcoin blockchain, but the two ledgers can "interoperate" and interact.

Features:

1. Independence, side chain The advantage of the architecture is that the code and data are independent, which does not increase the burden on the main chain and avoid excessive data expansion. The side chain has an independent blockchain, an independent trustee or witness, and an independent node network, that is, a The blocks generated by the side chain will only be broadcast among all nodes where the side chain is installed. 2. Flexibility. All blockchain parameters of the side chain can be customized, such as block intervals and block rewards. , the whereabouts of transaction fees, etc., advanced users can also modify the consensus algorithm.

Case: LSK, RDN, ARDR and other currencies use side chain technology.

For the current In the entire digital currency field, this year may still be a competition for the underlying public chain projects. The reason is that the current public chain as the infrastructure of the blockchain still has obvious shortcomings, and it is still unable to achieve true security, reliability and efficiency. This is also It obviously restricts the development of the entire blockchain industry.

IV What are the classifications of blockchain and what is the structure of the blockchain?

The concept of blockchain in recent times It can be said to be quite popular. It comes from the actual performance of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin.However, this technology has been gradually used in various fields. So do you know what the classifications of blockchain are? What is the structure of blockchain? Let’s follow us to find out more.
What are the classifications of blockchain?
1. Public Blockchains (PublicBlockChains)
Public Blockchain means: any individual or group in the world can send transactions, and the transactions can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, and anyone can participate its consensus process. The public blockchain is the earliest blockchain, and it is also the most widely used blockchain at present. The virtual digital currencies of all major bitcoins series are based on the public blockchain. There is one and only one corresponding to this currency in the world. Blockchain.
2. Consortium (Industry) Blockchain (ConsortiumBlockChains)
Industry Blockchain: Multiple preselected nodes are designated within a certain group as bookkeepers, and the generation of each block is jointly performed by all preselected nodes. Decision (pre-selected nodes participate in the consensus process), other access nodes can participate in transactions, but do not participate in the accounting process (essentially still managed accounting, just become distributed accounting, how many slag points are pre-selected, how to decide each The bookkeeper of each block becomes the main risk point of the blockchain), and anyone else can conduct limited queries through the open API of the blockchain.
3. Private Blockchain (privateBlockChains)
Private Blockchain: Only uses the general ledger technology of the blockchain for accounting. It can be a company or an individual, and has exclusive access to the writing of the blockchain. With access permissions, this chain is not much different from other distributed storage solutions. At present (Dec2015), conservative giants (traditional finance) want to experiment with private blockchains, while public chain applications such as Bitcoin have been industrialized, and private chain application products are still being explored.
4. Sidechain (Sidechain)
Sidechain is a blockchain used to confirm data from other blockchains. Through the two-way peg (TwoWayPeg) mechanism, various assets such as Bitcoin and Ripple coins can be Transfers are realized on different blockchains at a certain exchange rate.
What is the structure of blockchain?
1. Basic network layer: The basic network layer consists of a data layer and a network layer. The data layer includes underlying data blocks and related data encryption and timestamp technologies; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, Data dissemination mechanism and data verification mechanism, etc.
2. Intermediate protocol layer: The intermediate protocol layer consists of a consensus layer, an incentive layer, and a contract layer. The consensus layer mainly includes various consensus algorithms of network nodes; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system. , mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly includes various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, which is the basis of the programmable features of the blockchain.
3. Extension layer: This layer is similar to a computer driver and is designed to make blockchain products more practical. at presentThere are two categories. One is various trading markets, which are important channels for exchanging legal currency for cryptocurrency. They are simple to implement, get money quickly, and have low costs, but the risks are also high. The second is the expansion implementation in a certain direction. For example, based on the Yishu side chain, it can provide customized services for third-party publishing organizations, forum websites and other content producers.
4. Application service layer: As the most important link in the blockchain industry chain, the application service layer includes various application scenarios and cases of blockchain, including programmable currency, programmable finance and programmable society.
The above are the blockchain classifications brought to you by the editor? What is the structure of blockchain? of the entire content.

VI Classification of blockchains

Currently blockchains are divided into three categories, among which hybrid blockchains and private blockchains can be regarded as: generalized private chains, public blocks chain public blockchain. This means that any individual or group in the world can send transactions, the transactions can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, and anyone can participate in its consensus process. Public blockchain is currently the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain. Each virtual digital currency of the Bitcoin series is based on a public blockchain, and there is only one blockchain in the world corresponding to this currency.
Extended information
1. Industrial blockchain industry blockchains: multiple pre-selected nodes in the group are designated as bookkeepers, and the generation of each block is jointly decided by all pre-selected nodes (pre-selected nodes participate in the consensus process), others Access nodes can participate in transactions but do not interfere with the accounting process (essentially, it is managed bookkeeping, but it becomes distributed bookkeeping). How many pre-selected nodes and how to determine the bookkeeper for each block becomes the main risk point of the blockchain ), anyone else can make limited queries through the blockchain’s open API. Private Blockchain Private Blockchain ((privateblockchains)): Only the general ledger technology of the blockchain is used for accounting. It can be a blockchain with exclusive written permission from a company or individual. This chain is not much different from other distributed storage solutions. At present (December 2015), conservative giants (traditional finance) want to try private blockchains, while the applications of public chains, such as Bitcoin, have been industrialized, and the application products of private chains are still being explored. Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. Essentially, it is a decentralized database.
2. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks associated with encryption methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. In fact, the word blockchain does not appear in the original English Bitcoin white paper, but appears in blockchain. In the earliest Bitcoin white paper, blockchain was translated as blockchain. This is the time when the Chinese word "blockchain" first appeared. The Cyberspace Administration of China announced on January 1, 2019The "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations" were released on the 0th and will come into effect on February 15, 2019. In a narrow sense, a blockchain is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in chronological order, and a tamper-proof and forgery-proof distributed ledger guaranteed by cryptography. Broadly speaking, blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses blockchain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to Ensure the security of data transmission and access, using smart contracts composed of automated script code to program and operate data.

VII What are the classifications and applications of blockchain projects

From the current mainstream blockchain projects, blockchain projects mainly fall into four categories: First Category: Currency; Category 2: Platform Category; Category 3: Application Category; Category 4: Asset Tokenization.

Coins mainly serve as the "medium of exchange" in the field of blockchain assets. The medium of exchange refers to general equivalents, such as gold and silver notes in the past. (Trade blockchain assets on "Bihui Exchange")

Platform projects refer to the establishment of technology platforms to meet the development of various blockchain applications, which can reduce the cost of developing applications on the blockchain. threshold.

The scope of application projects is relatively wide, covering many fields such as finance, social networking, games, property rights protection, etc. It is also the fastest growing field of blockchain assets.

The asset tokenization project refers to the blockchain mapping of physical assets, that is, the physical assets are put on the chain. Currently, there are no more than 10 varieties.

01 Currency

The first category is currency projects, which are also the earliest blockchain projects. Currency projects mainly include projects such as Bitcoin and Litecoin. In addition, there is another type of asset that has the characteristics of anonymity. Its main functions include realizing payment while protecting the privacy of both parties. The well-known ones include Dash, Monero and Big Zero that use zero-knowledge proof. Coin (Zcash), etc. Currency mainly serves as the "medium of exchange" in the blockchain asset field. The medium of exchange is the general equivalent that you use to exchange for goods. For example, in the past, gold, silver, and banknotes could be used as media of exchange. There are currently more than 2,100 types of digital assets in the world, and the number of currency blockchain projects has grown rapidly recently. As of June 2018, Bitcoin still has the largest market value.

02 Platform Category

The second category is platform blockchain projects. The main function of platform blockchain projects is to establish a technology platform to meet the needs of various blockchain application development. The required technical requirements; simply put, platform applications allow developers to directly issue digital assets on the blockchain, write smart contracts, etc. A smart contract is a computer program that runs on a blockchain database and can be automatically executed under conditions set by its source code.

For example, if you develop a smart contract based on a house rental agreement on the blockchain, when the owner receives the rent, it will trigger automatic execution and give the apartment’s security key to the owner.to the tenants.

The main function of platform blockchain projects is to establish an underlying technology platform to allow developers to develop applications on the underlying technology platform. A considerable number of platforms are still under development. As of June 2018 , the one with the largest market value is Ethereum.

03 Application Category

The third category is application blockchain projects. Application projects are developed based on blockchain development platforms (such as Ethereum) and can solve various problems in the real economy. Blockchain projects that address many issues in the field.

For example, the blockchain-based prediction platform Augur, the blockchain-based computing power trading platform Golem, the blockchain-based luxury traceability platform VeChain, and the blockchain-based asset exchange and transfer services OmiseGo. Using blockchain technology, these projects can better solve trust issues, cross-border circulation and other issues. At the same time, using smart contracts and tokens on the blockchain, automatic execution can be better realized, greatly improving the efficiency of social and economic activities. efficiency. The scope of applied blockchain projects is relatively wide, covering many fields such as finance, social networking, games, property rights protection, etc. It is also the field where the market value of blockchain projects is increasing the fastest.

04 Asset Tokenization

The fourth category is asset tokenization blockchain projects. Asset tokenization refers to linking blockchain assets to physical assets such as gold and U.S. dollars. , is a blockchain mapping of physical assets. As of February 2018, there are no more than 10 varieties. The more typical representatives are USDT, which is benchmarked against the US dollar, and Digix Dao, which is benchmarked against gold. Each DigixDAO token represents 1 gram of London gold. Silver Market Association certified gold. Asset tokenization has the advantages of convenient transactions and safekeeping. First, asset tokenization makes transactions easier. Because blockchain assets can be split, they have better liquidity.

For example, currently the real estate needs to be transferred as a whole. If the real estate can be tokenized, it can be purchased in pieces, making transactions more convenient. Secondly, tokenization of physical assets is more conducive to safekeeping. In physical transactions such as gold, it is easy to cause wear and tear and cause losses. However, after tokenization of physical assets, there is no need for physical transfer, which is more conducive to the custody of physical assets.