区块链信用证交易,重庆区块链公司名单

请查看相关英文文档

Ⅰ How to apply blockchain How to apply blockchain

1. Financial field:

Blockchain in international exchange and letters of credit , equity registration and stock exchanges and other financial fields have potentially huge application value. The application of blockchain technology in the financial industry can eliminate the need for third-party intermediaries and achieve direct point-to-point connection, thereby quickly completing transaction payments while greatly reducing costs.

2. Internet of Things and logistics fields:

Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the fields of Internet of Things and logistics. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved. This field is considered a promising application direction of blockchain.

3. Public service field:

Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but the centralized characteristics of these fields are also It has brought about some problems that can be transformed using blockchain. The decentralized, fully distributed DNS service provided by the blockchain can realize domain name query and resolution through point-to-point data transmission services between various nodes in the network, and can be used to ensure that the operating system and firmware of an important infrastructure are not Tampered, you can monitor the status and integrity of the software, detect bad tampering, and ensure that the data transmitted by systems using IoT technology has not been tampered with.

4. Digital copyright field:

Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the ownership of works. Authenticity and uniqueness. After the rights of the work are confirmed on the blockchain, subsequent transactions will be recorded in real time, realizing full life cycle management of digital copyright, and can also be used as a technical guarantee in judicial evidence collection. For example, MineLabs, a startup company in New York, USA, has developed a blockchain-based metadata protocol. This system called Mediachain uses the IPFS file system to realize copyright protection of digital works, mainly for copyright protection applications of digital pictures.

5. Insurance field:

In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims. A typical application case is LenderBot, which was launched in 2016 by blockchain companies Stratumn, Deloitte and payment service provider Lemonway. It allows people to register customized micro-insurance products through the chat function of Facebook Messenger, providing services between individuals. High-value items exchanged are insured, andBlockchain replaces the role of a third party in loan contracts.

6. Public welfare field:

The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for use in social welfare scenarios. Relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation projects, fundraising details, fund flows, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain and transparently and publicly disclosed conditionally to facilitate social supervision.

II Why do banks love blockchain so much

Many problems remain to be solved when banks compete for blockchain

As traditional financial institutions, banks are blockchain The most active pathfinder in the field. In recent years, many domestic and foreign banks have applied blockchain technology to credit, clearing and other fields. The unique trust mechanism of blockchain is regarded by banks as a key technological breakthrough for innovative risk management and simplified transaction processes. However, as an emerging technology, the blockchain ecosystem is still in the process of being established, its applications are very limited, and many problems still need to be gradually solved during development.

“At present, the blockchain cannot run high-frequency and concurrent transactions, and the network speed and computing power cannot support it. For example, in the payment field, if it is online shopping, it can still be achieved; if It’s high-frequency trading in futures, so it can’t be done,” Huang Zhen said.

Jiang Peng said that at the beginning of designing the blockchain system, CITIC Bank carefully demonstrated the business links suitable for using blockchain.

“From global experience, it is not suitable to use blockchain to build large and complex systems. Don’t try to use blockchain to solve all problems, but focus on solving core problems. Do too much Complex systems are time-consuming, and technology develops so fast that before the old system is completed, it will face iterations of new technologies," Jiang Peng said.

The idea of ​​"only solving core problems" ensures that after the blockchain is launched, the relevant business operations of CITIC Bank branches can achieve business upgrades without process modification.

Fan Bin admitted that it will take time for banks to fully apply blockchain. IBM's investment in the blockchain open source community will continue, on the one hand, to cultivate the market, and on the other hand, to compete for blocks. The commanding heights of the chain platform. With the rapid iteration of blockchain technology itself, there is still a lot of room for imagination in the scenarios in which financial institutions can use this new technology.

The content comes from Xinhuanet

III What are the application prospects of blockchain?

The application prospects of blockchain are mainly in the financial field, Internet of Things and logistics fields. , public service field, digital copyright field, insurance field.

1. Blockchain has huge potential application prospects in financial fields such as international exchange, letters of credit, equity registration and stock exchanges. The application of blockchain technology in the financial industry can eliminate the need for third-party intermediaries and achieve direct point-to-point connection.

2. Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the Internet of Things and logistics fields. This field is considered to be a promising application direction of blockchain. Establishing credit resources in the blockchain can double improve the security of transactions, and improve the convenience of IoT transactions. Save time and cost for smart logistics model applications.

3. Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields. The decentralized and fully distributed DNS service provided by the blockchain can realize domain name query and resolution through point-to-point data transmission services between various nodes in the network.

4. Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, proving the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensuring the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. After the rights of the work are confirmed on the blockchain, subsequent transactions will be recorded in real time, realizing full life cycle management of digital copyright, and can also be used as a technical guarantee in judicial evidence collection.

5. In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims.

(3) Chongqing Blockchain Domestic Letter of Credit Extended Reading:

Core Technology of Blockchain

1. Consensus mechanism, through the voting of special nodes, the verification and confirmation of transactions can be completed in a very short time; for a transaction, if several nodes with unrelated interests can reach a consensus, it can be considered that the entire network can also reach a consensus on it. . The goal of the blockchain consensus mechanism is to enable all honest nodes to maintain a consistent view of the blockchain.

2. Asymmetric encryption requires two keys for encryption and decryption. These two keys are the public key and the private key. The public key corresponds to the private key. When the public key is used in the encryption process of data, it can only be decrypted by using the corresponding private key. On the contrary, when the private key is used in encrypting the data, only the corresponding private key can be used to decrypt the data. Only the corresponding public key can be decrypted.

IV What are the leading blockchain concept stocks

1.002657 Zhongke Jincai

2.300663 Kelan Software

3.002152 Radio and Television Express

4.300079 Digital Technology

5.300542 Xinchen Technology

6.600570 Hang Seng Electronics

7.300561 Huijin Technology

8.002063 Yuan Optical Software

9.603106 Hengyin Financial

The following blockchain concept stocks may become leading stocks:

1. Blockchain concept stocks 1: Yijian Shares (600093.SH) Concept Stock Index

The company used to be mainly engaged in supply chain management. In recent years, it has been actively transforming. On the one hand, the company strives to improve the company's supply chain management and commercial factoring. Business size.

On the other hand, with the realization of financial technology transformation as the center and the application of blockchain technology in supply chain finance as a breakthrough, the overall strategy is to fully promote the "Yijian Block" systemIn the first half of 2017, the development of the "Yijian Block" system 1.0 was successfully completed and commercialized in the fields of medicine and commodities. Yijian is obviously a practitioner of the blockchain concept. 2. Blockchain concept stock 2: Gao Weida

A leading domestic financial information manufacturer, relying on its own advantages in bank IT solutions and bank customer resources to provide bank IT system cloud services.

3. Blockchain Concept Stock 3: Xinchen Technology

The company is currently mainly engaged in application software development business, software and hardware system integration business and professional technical services business. In recent years, Xinchen Technology has been more bold in its attempts at innovation. The company has made certain progress in the application of new technologies such as cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain in the financial industry.

The domestic letter of credit business system based on blockchain technology has been successfully launched in banks and is expected to gradually become a new growth point for the company’s software solutions business.

(4) Chongqing Blockchain Domestic Letter of Credit Extended Reading:

The leading stock refers to the influence and influence on other stocks in the same industry sector during the stock market speculation in a certain period. The rise and fall of a stock with great appeal often guides and sets an example for the rise and fall of stocks in other sectors of the same industry.

The leading stock is not static, and its status can often only be maintained for a period of time. The basis for becoming a leading stock is that any information related to a certain stock will be immediately reflected in the stock price.

The conditions for leading stocks:

1. Leading stocks must start from the daily limit. The daily limit is the most accurate attack signal for both long and short parties. A stock that cannot reach the daily limit cannot be a leader.

2. Low-priced stocks are the best leading stocks. Low-priced stocks are sought after by many investors, because it is relatively difficult to speculate on high-priced stocks.

3. The circulation market of leading stocks should be moderate, suitable for large capital operations and retail investors chasing ups and downs. Neither large-cap stocks nor small-cap stocks can act as leaders.

4. The leading stocks meet the daily KDJ, weekly KDJ, and monthly KDJ at the same time and the low price golden cross.

5. Leading stocks usually go against the trend at the end of a market decline and when the market panics, hit the bottom early, or start before the market, and withstand a round of market decline.

Leading stocks refer to stocks that have influence and appeal on other stocks in the same industry sector during the stock market speculation during a certain period. Its rise and fall often have an impact on the rise and fall of other stocks in the same industry sector. Guidance and demonstration role. Leading stocks are not static, and their status can often only be maintained for a period of time.

Reference materials: Internet-leading stocks

IV Digital RMB salary distribution! See how blockchain technology can "protect" your wallet

On September 10, Di Gang, deputy director of the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, spoke at the parallel forum "Area" of the 2021 China (Beijing) Digital Finance Forum "Blockchain Empowers the High-Quality Development of the Digital Economy" stated that the Central Bank's Digital Currency Research Institute is actively exploring the application of digital RMB blockchain. Previously, Xiongan New AreaThe application of fund payment blockchain system realizes the payment of wages to builders. This system not only saves salary transaction costs, but also makes transaction data open and transparent, ensuring the authenticity and security of transactions.

The principle of applying blockchain to digital renminbi

The capital payment blockchain system uses blockchain as the underlying system, uses digital renminbi to realize the value transfer of wages, and has blockchain Distributed storage, anonymous encryption, peer-to-peer transactions, instant settlement and other features.

1. Distributed ledger

A distributed ledger is a database distributed across multiple nodes. Each node stores the same copy of the ledger and shares ledger information. After the digital renminbi is added to the blockchain, it can not only confirm and register the digital currency, improve the security of data and systems, but also record ledger transaction information on different servers, creating a distributed and publicly viewable database for banks. network to ensure that transaction data is accurate and transparent.

2. Peer-to-peer transactions

The decentralized nature of the blockchain means that it is not controlled by the server. Each node is equal and jointly maintains the entire network of nodes. data information. In addition, each node follows the rules of the cryptographic algorithm and does not require endorsement by a third party or trust agency. Under this feature, digital RMB can be directly traded point-to-point, realizing the simultaneous transfer of transaction information and value.

3. Smart Contract

Simply put, a smart contract is a digital agreement that uses algorithms to write contract terms and deploys them on the blockchain to automatically execute according to rules. When distributing digital RMB wages, the construction general contractor initiates payment settlement on the blockchain system and uploads the builder's wallet ID and salary amount to the chain. The system will ensure it in the form of smart contracts under open and transparent conditions. Transaction security; during the transaction, the transaction note will be broadcast throughout the network to ensure that the transaction information is difficult to tamper with; after the transaction, the smart contract will be executed and the digital renminbi will be automatically transferred from the construction party's wallet to the builder's wallet. In this process, the two parties directly transferred the value of digital renminbi, saving the cost of intermediate links and achieving point-to-point instant settlement.

Advantages of blockchain + digital renminbi

Compared with traditional electronic payments such as WeChat and Alipay, digital renminbi does not rely on banks. Users can obtain storage, payment, and Inquiry and other services. When transferring money, digital renminbi supports offline payment. Users only need to scan codes, remittances, touch and other interactive methods to realize the transfer of funds, avoiding delays in arrival due to network obstacles, and realizing "transaction and settlement". ". In addition, digital RMB wallets have lower requirements for users, and users do not need real-name authentication, which reduces the risk of information leakage from banks, third parties and other institutions. With the support of blockchain technology, the advantages of digital renminbi are gradually highlighted.

In addition to payroll, the application scenarios of blockchain have also expanded to cross-border payments, domestic letters of credit and other financial fields.area. In short, blockchain technology has built a trustworthy ecological environment for us, improved the transparency and authenticity of assets, and ensured the security of information data.

Expert: Zhou Kunpeng, Professor of School of Journalism and Communication, Zhengzhou University

VI What are the practical applications of blockchain technology

1. Financial field

Blockchain has potentially huge application value in financial fields such as international exchange, letters of credit, stock rights registration and stock exchanges.

2. Internet of Things and Logistics Fields

Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the Internet of Things and logistics fields.

Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved.

3. Public service fields

Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but the centralization of these fields Characteristics also bring some problems, which can be transformed using blockchain.

4. Digital copyright field

Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. sex.

5. Insurance field

In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims.

6. Public Welfare Field

The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for social welfare scenarios.

Ⅶ What is a domestic letter of credit

Domestic letter of credit (referred to as letter of credit) is a payment and settlement method suitable for domestic trade.

It is a written document issued by the issuing bank to the beneficiary (seller) based on the application of the applicant (buyer) to pay a certain amount within a certain period against the documents specified in the letter of credit. promise.

The domestic letter of credit information transmission system (Blockchain based Letter of Credit System (BCLC)) jointly built by China Minsheng Bank and CITIC Bank based on blockchain technology was successfully launched. The first transaction was completed on the first day the system was launched. The RMB 100 million domestic letter of credit business marks the launch of another heavyweight blockchain application in the financial industry.

(7) Chongqing Blockchain Domestic Letter of Credit Extended Reading

Letter of Credit Settlement Methods

Section 1 Issuance< /p>

Article 13 The issuing bank and the applicant shall sign an agreement clarifying the rights and obligations of both parties before issuance of the L/C. The issuing bank may require the applicant to deposit a certain amount of deposit, and may require the applicant to provide legal and effective guarantees such as mortgage, pledge, and guarantee based on the applicant's credit status.

Certificate issuance applicantTo apply for a letter of credit, you must submit the trade contract signed with the beneficiary.

The issuing bank should reasonably and prudently set the payment period, validity period, document presentation period and valid location of the letter of credit based on the trade contract, issuance application and other documents.

Article 14 Basic Terms of Letter of Credit

The letter of credit should be issued in Chinese, and the recorded terms include:

(1) Indicate "domestic letter of credit" ” words.

(2) Name and address of the applicant for issuance of certificate.

(3) Name and address of the issuing bank.

(4) Name and address of beneficiary.

(5) Name of the advising bank.

(6) Date of issuance of certificate. The format of the issuance date should be written in the order of year, month and day.

(7) Letter of credit number.

(8) Irrevocable letter of credit.

(9) Validity period and valid location of the letter of credit.

(10) Whether it is transferable. A transferable letter of credit must state the word "transferable" and specify a transfer bank.

(11) Whether it can be confirmed. The confirmed letter of credit must contain the word "confirmable" and specify a confirming bank.

(12) Whether it is negotiable. A negotiated letter of credit must contain the word "negotiation" and designate one or any bank as the negotiating bank.

(13) Amount of letter of credit. The amount must be recorded in both uppercase and lowercase letters.

(14) Payment term.

(15) Description of goods or services.

(16) Overfill and short-term terms (if any).

(17) Terms of transportation and delivery under trade in goods or provision of services under trade in services.

ⅧHas Bank of Communications issued a total of 20 blockchain-based domestic letters of credit?

On August 16, 2018, Bank of Communications Executive Director and Vice President Shen Rujun made a speech in the banking industry announced at a press conference. "As of July 26 this year, Bank of Communications has issued a total of 20 blockchain domestic letters of credit, with an amount of 156 million yuan."

It is understood that for a long time, domestic letters of credit have Transactions must go through multiple banks and express service providers such as the issuing bank, advising bank, presenting bank, and negotiating bank. Each institution completes records in its own accounting system. Information between institutions is isolated and opaque. There are many problems such as difficulty in verifying authenticity in document processing, low processing efficiency, easy delay, and easy loss.

In April 2018, the Bank of Communications’ blockchain domestic letter of credit project was put into production. As of July 26 this year, Bank of Communications has issued a total of 20 domestic blockchain certificates, with an amount of 156 million yuan.

Shen Rujun said that the Bank of Communications continues to pay attention to blockchain technology, and has analyzed and determined that domestic letters of credit, bills and supply chain finance business will bear the brunt of the breakthrough in the application of blockchain technology in the field of banking and finance.

In addition to letters of credit, on June 27, the industry’s first blockchain asset securitization platform “Jucai Chain” was officially launched at Bank of Communications. First home mortgage loanThe basic asset information of securitization financing products is uploaded to the chain by Bank of Communications, realizing credit penetration of the securitization financing business system.

Ⅸ What is the current status of blockchain technology development in Chongqing

Chongqing strongly supports the development of the blockchain technology industry and plans to achieve a blockchain output value of 2018-2020. More than 10 billion level. Relevant preferential policies have been introduced for investment, taxation and talent introduction in this area. The current development of the blockchain industry is still in its early stages. The five measures introduced by Chongqing are of great significance to accelerating the development and application of blockchain and promoting the development of emerging industries.

First, break through key areas. First focusing on the financial and supply chain fields, facing the strategic development of "One Belt and One Road", and connecting cross-border payments, insurance claims, securities transactions and other financial businesses, the transformation of the financial industry has begun, from offline payments in the past to online payments. This is A cross-era change has narrowed the distance between different customers and merchants. The use of blockchain technology to achieve cross-border payments also shows that the distance between countries has been narrowed, and is an important manifestation of financial mutual trust and interoperability between the two countries. For the supply chain field, blockchain technology can improve the transparency of supply, make products traceable, and increase product safety. And by collecting projects in key blockchain technology development fields, they will be evaluated and analyzed before construction.

Fifth, strengthen capacity building. Classify talents into categories, strengthen the learning of professional skills for talents, conduct regular professional and technical training sessions, and conduct external study and inspection activities. At the same time, we carry out learning seminars for relevant department heads to "update" the cognitive levels of leaders and departments at all levels. Governments and enterprises continue to improve cooperation and jointly promote the construction of relevant capabilities. Only in this way can we jointly develop the blockchain quickly and well. industry.

The development of the blockchain industry is bright. The measures taken by the Chongqing Municipal Government have clarified the pain points and related needs of the industry, and also given instructions on the docking of related resources. The government and enterprises jointly continue to improve relevant capabilities and technologies, carry out various tasks well, and let the blockchain industry take off in Chongqing.