企业管理与区块链的关系,企业管理与区块链的区别

① Use knowledge of economic life to explain how Chinese enterprises should seize the development opportunities of blockchain technology to promote their own operations

(1) Facing the market, mastering market information, and optimizing Product structure, produce marketable high-quality products; (Business strategy)
(2) Improve independent innovation capabilities, rely on technological progress, scientific management and other means to create independent brands and form competitive advantages; (Innovation, technology and management)
(3) Strengthen resource conservation and environmental protection, follow the path of sustainable development, develop low-carbon economy and circular economy, and build resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprises. (Energy conservation and environmental protection or practicing the concept of green development)
(4) Accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, accelerate technological transformation and structural adjustment, and take a new industrialization path (development mode).
(5) Improve the technological level, professional quality and professional ethics of operators and workers. (Quality). Protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers;
(6) Enterprises must operate with integrity, implement famous brand strategies, establish a good reputation and image, (integrity, brand) adhere to fair competition and oppose vicious competition;
(7) Enterprises must follow the laws of value and act in accordance with the laws of value; they must consciously abide by the principles of market transactions and maintain the order of the market economy; through mergers and alliances, they must make enterprises bigger and stronger and develop economies of scale. (Scale)
(8) Adapt to the trend of economic globalization, actively participate in international economic competition and cooperation, improve the level of open economy, and make full use of two markets and two resources. Adhere to the principle of equal emphasis on "bringing in" and "going out"
(9) Implement new development concepts; formulate correct business strategies.
Please combine material selection and analysis
It is difficult to summarize and hope to adopt it!

② New opportunities and challenges for blockchain enterprise applications

New opportunities and challenges for blockchain enterprise applications
New technologies come from the combination of existing technology modules. Once the power of the economy is superimposed, it will stimulate exponential growth in the economy. The economy is an expression of technological evolution.

Blockchain is actually a combination of several technologies, including peer-to-peer communication (P2P), distributed ledgers (also known as distributed storage), asymmetric encryption, etc. Once these technologies are combined, they will have a great impact on some new business models and economic forms, and these impacts are being revealed - now the world has entered an era called global automation, which is the fourth stage of our current informatization. stage.
We can call the Internet era that began in the 1990s and continues to the era represented by social media such as Facebook the pre-Internet era, that is, the first half of the Internet economy. The core of the rules in this first half is to improve productivity. Many technologies do not actually change the shape of enterprises and the economy. They achieve economic leaps by improving productivity. Now the new rules are called the era of automated global network economy.The core is to enhance connections and improve production relations, such as the sharing economy that has opened up a new business form. However, the current form of the sharing economy is still an economic model built with centralized Internet companies as the core. The current shared bicycles and Didi are a one-way economic model. In fact, they do not feed back the growth and improvement of value to users.
The global era of automation not only requires productivity-enhancing technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain edge computing, etc., but more importantly, it requires a new model to improve production relations. Blockchain is actually such a new technology that can bring a new shift in business models to everyone.
So the future is here. Among the current eight core technologies, including blockchain, Internet of Things, augmented reality, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, robots, drones, 3D printing, etc., only blockchain has made improvements. Production relations, technologies that enhance connections.
Microsoft believes that technologies such as mixed reality, artificial intelligence and quantum computing are revolutionary new technologies that will continue to improve productivity in the future. But in fact, blockchain is not a new technology. It is just a combination of existing technologies. Its value lies in creating a trustworthy platform. As Alan Weber, founder of Fast Company, said: The new economy starts with technology and ends with trust.
In November 2015, the cover of The Economist magazine was called trustmachine, which is the machine of trust, the promise of blockchain. In fact, it is announced from this perspective: Blockchain technology is actually the core technology of the future Internet 3.0. This technology will gradually be transmitted to many aspects of the entire social and economic life through upper-layer applications, providing support for many business models, industry operations and governance systems. Bring innovation. Blockchain builds a new type of Internet with value as the core, rather than the old generation Internet with information as the core.
2 Blockchain+ vs. Internet+
Blockchain integrates trust mechanisms and technology and will bring great changes to the world.
In the Web 1.0 era before 2005, e-commerce portal entrepreneurs basically used a large portal to start their business in a one-to-many manner.
The Web 2.0 era is the era of social networks and sharing economy, but in this ecosystem, core enterprises are still centralized, monopolizing user relationships and large amounts of data, enjoying the value of user contributions, and being able to decide rules at will. In this case, the so-called Internet + is an information model that is harmful to traditional enterprises.
The Web 3.0 era is a new global sharing economy based on the blockchain value network. It is decentralized, so there will be no oligarchic monopoly on innovation, interactions will be more spontaneous, and the scope of collaboration will be wider. Extensive, the impact will be more comprehensive and deeper.
Therefore, the best way to digitally transform and upgrade traditional enterprises or traditional industries is not Internet+, but blockchain+. Because Internet+ still needs to rely on a centralized, classical Internet enterprise. Although companies like Alibaba, Tencent, JD.com, and Xiaomi are now at their peak, they are still essentially centralized enterprises. They formulate the rules of the game in the ecosystem and monopolize customer relationships and data.
We call blockchain+ web3.0, which actually has a higher dimension than traditional Internet companies and Internet ecological companies. When information was scarce in the past, it was necessary to build a hierarchical structure and center to improve the overall information transmission efficiency. But when there is enough information, the network of peer-to-peer relationships (P2P) will gradually replace it, and when these networks of peer-to-peer relationships are connected together, a high-dimensional additive value network can be formed. . Enterprises formed based on this network system are called consensus economic social enterprises.
The high-dimensional business model of blockchain+ has a stronger future-oriented imagination than the existing Internet ecosystem or companies such as Internet+ enterprises. Let’s review most traditional companies: one-dimensional companies are engaged in engineering, and their main business models are actually rent-seeking, resource monopoly, and customer relations; two-dimensional product companies have certain product development and marketing capabilities, but this Both are company forms in the industrial economy era. Its value curve is linear. If you invest one, you will get one, and if you invest ten, you will get ten. Therefore, a company like Jack Ma with a market value of hundreds of billions of dollars actually conforms to the traditional neoclassical economic growth pattern due to so many years of accumulation, and its marginal returns are diminishing.
At Sanwei Internet Service Company, due to the addition of online service dimensions, data value-added services began to be provided. Its core is low-cost customer coverage, which reduces the service cost to customers, so its adaptability can be higher than In two dimensions, the price-to-earnings ratio of a company in this form can be as high as more than twenty times. The third-dimensional company can further open up the API and allow third parties to develop more applications on its platform. At the same time, it can connect service providers and users to form an online market. This constitutes a platform company. Platform The company's price-to-earnings ratio can exceed forty times.
When platform companies further open up their capabilities, combine resources such as data network brands and users with investment services, and empower partners, they will become Internet ecological enterprises like BAT. This ecosystem The price-to-earnings ratio of Internet companies in a centralized cluster may even exceed 100 times.
This is why these companies are desperately advocating Internet +. In fact, Internet+ does not create new value for traditional companies. It just uses the method of attracting stars to attract all the data, customer relationship channels, etc. of traditional companies to Internet ecological companies. They only play a subversive role in traditional enterprises, but they do not create greater value for society. They are still a value ecosystem with their own enterprises as the core.
Everyone has contributed to Jack Ma’s company for so many years and contributed so many transactions and data in a row.That goes to support his corporate P/E ratio. If you think this is not a particularly fair way, then we now have a new business model, which is blockchain. Through the blockchain + industry, an alliance ecosystem is formed, that is, the alliance chain. Even if it does not issue coins, it can have a higher dimension than existing Internet companies, because it is a cross-organization and cross-platform industry-oriented business processes, a secure distributed sharing, which will completely subvert the traditional enterprise ownership model.
The blockchain uses consensus mechanisms and beliefs to connect enterprises, which forms an industry chain, a decentralized social enterprise owned by the whole people, and can embed trust and security mechanisms without the need for a third party. In the autonomous agreement of the entire industry chain, the data of all relevant parties will be respected and protected on the chain. At the same time, if C-side users can be added in the future, and then through digital currencies, certificates or tokens, new business model dimensions can be added and greater value space can be opened up. That is to say, all businesses are combined with B2C business to form an industry palace for all employees.
This is what we call the bright future of the business model that blockchain 3.0 brings to everyone. It is completely based on a decentralized high-dimensional value network. I have listed for you some entrepreneurial project companies in this field, whether in distributed cloud storage, decentralized secure social networking, distributed identity management, distributed copyright and digital asset management, Internet of Things smart contracts, public governance There are many 3.0 creative innovation companies in fields such as anti-counterfeiting and anti-fraud, and digital market transaction prediction.
Three Opportunities and Challenges of Blockchain
Most of the projects currently implemented are relatively easy to combine finance and digital asset management due to the inherent properties of blockchain technology. However, in fact, we have also seen that traditional industries are also becoming more and more popular. There are more and more new opportunities to combine blockchain. This market will reach 176 billion US dollars by 2025, and will reach 3.1 trillion US dollars by 2030. This is actually a very, very huge number.
There are actually many strange entrepreneurial projects in China, but now the government has imposed some restrictions last year. However, in the future, the government will have some new compliance requirements for digital currencies, and will gradually relax restrictions on blockchain infrastructure.
2018 is a very critical year for enterprises to go online. This is equivalent to 20 years ago when you talked to companies about enterprise internet. It sounded like a fantasy and they didn’t know how to start. But those who started exploring the Internet for enterprises early were precisely the group of pioneers from around 1997 to 2000. They eventually became the trendsetters of the previous generation of classical Internet. Therefore, 2018 is a very critical opportunity for traditional enterprises.
The main application scenarios of blockchain + are actually nothing more than several areas based on the core technology of blockchain, such as digital identity management, digital asset management, development and deployment of distributed applications, and the development and deployment of smart contracts. services, these four main application scenarios combine one aspect of the industryThese features are used to provide enterprises with application implementation services.
Four Theoretical Pioneers of Blockchain
So enterprises need to fully refresh their understanding and upgrade the underlying commercial operating system in this round of opportunities. There are some disruptive innovations here, giving traditional industries and the public the opportunity to counterattack the classical Internet. I have listed a few books here. If you have time, you can read them and have a deeper understanding of blockchain. Although some of these books were written in the 1930s and 1970s, classics always have guiding significance.

The most famous is Schumpeter's theory of economic development. He believed that innovation is the fundamental cause of economic development.
Then Thomas Kuhn proposed that the technological paradigm revolution is not continuous. At a certain stage, it will cause a new revolution. When the revolution comes, many traditional enterprises will die, but at the same time new technologies will establish Business models and economic forms will explode.
Christensen’s main contribution is of great significance to how traditional enterprises can seize opportunities, avoid the innovator’s dilemma, and embrace new opportunities to achieve transformation and innovation.
The British management guru, Charles Handy, his current book is called "The Second Curve", which mainly talks about how traditional enterprises can achieve leapfrog and transformation with the help of technological innovation and business model innovation.
5 Crossing the Second Curve

In terms of crossing the second curve, Microsoft’s own experience and lessons are actually worth learning from. Everyone knows that Microsoft was the overlord of the PC era. At that time, 76% of the industry's profits were divided between Microsoft and Intel. However, it also fell into the innovator's dilemma. It was precisely the success of the PC that made Microsoft miss the mobile Internet. The opportunity has allowed companies such as Apple to overtake it, but Microsoft has not missed the opportunity of cloud computing. Microsoft's early layout in AI has given Microsoft a great lead in the world's smart cloud and blockchain. These experiences and lessons can be summarized to help traditional enterprises achieve digital transformation.
Microsoft has seized opportunities in artificial intelligence-led cloud computing, blockchain IoT edge computing, and mixed reality. The second curve has been achieved, and Microsoft will have some new layouts in the future, such as quantum computing, etc., which are some of Microsoft's own successful experiences. Of course, there are some lessons from failure. In terms of mobile Internet, Microsoft also acquired Nokia. In fact, Nokia is not worth acquiring at all, because Nokia has not crossed from the first curve to the second curve. In terms of mobile Internet, Nokia will be ignored by outsiders. Companies that have never done mobile Internet are easily defeated.
This kind of digital transformation of the enterprise industry, or the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, mainly helps traditional enterprises connect with external entrepreneurs, incubate entrepreneurial projects through propositions, and achieve transformation and innovation. Therefore, a new type of enterprise outsourcing innovation is needed. Incubation method. Because if the company does its own incubation, it will still be tied to the business trajectory of the first curve, so it can only be incremental innovation and improveImprove the efficiency of existing products or services. For the second innovation, it needs to allow a certain space for trial and error, so it needs to use new methodologies to guide disruptive innovation.
It needs to be oriented towards value creation and growth, and cannot be tied to the current core business, because once tied to the current core business, all performance appraisal management mechanisms will fall into excessive path dependence, resulting in lock-in. In this case, it will not be able to jump out of the original business boundaries and will not be able to see changes in the external market. This is also the reason for Nokia's failure. Nokia strives for excellence in traditional mobile phones, and its management efficiency is very good. So when it was acquired by Microsoft, Nokia didn't know how it lost.
Nokia’s failure was actually due to its failure to see that disruption may not come from within your industry, but may also be intruders from the outside. That is to say, as said in "The Three-Body Problem": If I destroy you, it actually has nothing to do with you.
The second curve plan is to prevent traditional enterprises from falling into their own business development trajectories, so enterprises need transformation and customized accelerators to help them develop new business directions. And this requires a mechanism to guarantee, because the original internal incubation of enterprises comes from the internal organizational structure process, so we must use external incubation methods to directly recruit outside entrepreneurs to supplement fresh blood, and then achieve transformation and innovation through hybridization, and more importantly Focus on external markets and partners.
This will give entrepreneurs a great degree of freedom, and then encourage them with a high risk-reward ratio through the setting of company equity. As an enabler, the enterprise will provide business resources and start-up funds, but do not interfere too much in entrepreneurial projects. own operations and development. All companies need to do is observe, give feedback, and wait. If such a project can be hatched, it will be a great impetus for expanding corporate boundaries and activating corporate ecology.
Six application scenarios of blockchain
The following is a brief introduction to several blockchain application scenarios:

The first is blockchain + cross-border trade financial services. In fact, this involves many solutions, including exporters, importers, issuing banks, issuing letters of credit (LoC), etc. These actually require a mechanism to securely share data across agencies, organizations, and platforms. , and blockchain can just guarantee the realization of the solution. And through smart contract automation, when various conditions are met, clearing and settlement payments can be completed automatically without manual participation.
Cross-border trade finance involves many parties. If we follow the existing method, each party has its own system and some procedures need to be carried out repeatedly. Reconciliation needs to be confirmed by email and fax. It can take three to five weeks to complete a trade finance deal.
Now through the blockchain, all parties in trade finance can share the data on the ledger, and the member units of the alliance chain can be updated synchronously. The use of smart contracts can realize automatic and synchronous execution of multiple parties, so that end-to-end end businessThe process is shortened from three to five weeks to two or three days, and operations that originally required repeated confirmation can be greatly simplified. It only takes about 5 steps to achieve a closed loop of trade finance.

Blockchain can also be used to improve medical and health services. Patients have certain rights to decide who to share their medical history and other information with, to what extent, for how long, etc. Blockchain can effectively solve problems that traditional, decentralized medical drug R&D, physical examinations and other institutional systems cannot solve. This requires the establishment of a personal health data bank.

Blockchain can also be used for cold chain logistics and end-to-end food safety traceability services. From the origin of food to slaughtering, processing, and transportation, all data parameters can be uploaded to the chain, which will provide an end-to-end security guarantee.
For example, the salmon in Norway is doing food safety traceability through a blockchain company, and in this process, because the data of all parties are on the chain, he can later pass Self-service smart contracts realize payment and settlement of supply chain finance based on event triggers, which greatly improves the efficiency of the entire supply chain.

Blockchain can also provide services in the education and employment markets. School research institutions, examination institutions, employers, and government departments can safely share students’ academic qualifications, certificates, papers and other data.

The most important thing is that blockchain can also realize P2P peer-to-peer, microgrid power trading or energy trading services. For example, during the renovation of the old city in Brooklyn, photovoltaic solar panels were added to the roofs of houses to generate electricity. The electricity generated is not sold to power energy companies, but is made into a microgrid in the community and then traded through virtual currency.
This model can be further expanded, and the solar energy produced on the roof can be further used as a distributed charging pile, and then internal household electricity, security electricity, smart door locks, etc. can be uploaded to this blockchain. Provide overall shared services.

③ Blockchain technology and applications: a technological revolution in the future

Blockchain technology originated from "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto 》, where "block" means that each information block contains a timestamp. Information blocks containing timestamps are connected to each other, and the chain of information blocks formed is a "blockchain".

Blockchain is a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database in a decentralized and trustless manner. From a data perspective, blockchain is a distributed database in which a single node or multiple nodes cannot intentionally change data records. Its distribution is reflected in the distributed storage and distributed recording of data. From a technical perspective, blockchain technology is an emerging technological achievement after the integration of multiple technologies. After the development and improvement of a combination of multiple technologies, it forms a more efficient way of recording, storing and expressing data.

"Popular Science"China" is the authoritative scientific brand of the China Association for Science and Technology, which collaborates with all parties in society to use information technology to communicate science.

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④ The blockchain industry is getting more and more attention. How can enterprises quickly learn about blockchain?

Recently, many people have been discussing blockchain Many people are very curious about this relatively unfamiliar term, and recently many companies have begun to study and apply blockchain technology, which also makes many people feel very confused. In order to answer related questions, we first You need to know what blockchain is. Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database. The data or information stored in it is "unforgeable", "full traces" and "traceable" Characteristics such as "openness and transparency" and "collective maintenance". As an important concept of Bitcoin, blockchain is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data generated using cryptographic methods. Block, each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. Enterprises want to develop faster and more effective blockchain technology For learning and application, we must hire relevant professional talents and make certain rectifications to the company, because only in this way can blockchain technology be truly utilized and applied in enterprises.

Three: Investment A certain amount of funds

Blockchain, as a new technological method, is very important for the research and development of blockchain. Therefore, it is very necessary for enterprises to increase their capital investment in blockchain. Yes, because only with the inflow of more funds can blockchain technology truly develop.

⑤ What problems can blockchain solve for enterprises?

Technical security of blockchain High, the technology has broad prospects. It is still developing continuously, improving corporate efficiency and reducing operating costs, and will gradually be rapidly promoted and applied in other fields and industries.
Renren Chain is a kind of technology based on Enterprise-level platform services of mainstream blockchain technology help you quickly build a more secure and stable blockchain environment, reduce challenges in blockchain deployment, operation and maintenance, and development, allowing you to focus more on core business innovation and achieve Businesses can be quickly uploaded to the chain.
In the current enterprise management model, no matter customer relationship management, project management, procurement management, human resources management, etc., there are data security and reliability issues to a certain extent. For example: sometimes market Under the mechanism, transaction data may be untrue/falsified/deleted or modified, and problems such as ill-considered decisions may be made due to the blockage of data resources, which will have harmful operating effects on the enterprise in the long run. Moreover, some enterprise systems lackThe lack of real-time tracking during the project process is prone to data disorder and lag, resulting in the inability to timely monitor the project and tracking responsibilities, low management efficiency, etc. These are all things that enterprises can avoid in their early choices!

⑥ What role can blockchain play in traditional enterprises

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. . Blockchain is essentially a decentralized database.
The application fields of blockchain include digital currency, certificates, finance, anti-counterfeiting and traceability, privacy protection, supply chain, entertainment, etc. With the popularity of blockchain and Bitcoin, many related top domain names have been registered. , which has had a relatively large impact on the domain name industry.
Take agriculture as an example, what problems does blockchain solve in agriculture?
1. Traceability of agricultural products
The traceability of agricultural products has always been a pain point in agriculture. Blockchain technology can make records non-tamperable, so there is detailed data from the production end of agricultural products to the circulation end and consumers, which can realize consumers' clear consumption and increase consumers' willingness to buy.
The traceability of agricultural products can improve the safety of agricultural products and food.
2. Information transparency
In addition to traceability in the agricultural field, there is also the problem of opacity in the information between producers and demanders.
Once blockchain technology is applied to agriculture. We can use big data analysis to establish credit rating references for growers and purchasers; use smart contracts to ensure fair transactions between growers and purchasers. At the same time, blockchain technology can improve the contractual spirit between buyers and sellers of agricultural products.
Also, with the advent of blockchain in the food supply chain, this could streamline the process as the data management system integrates a range of brokers, farmers, processors, distributors, regulators, retailers and Data management systems are becoming more transparent for consumers to put on their radar.
3. Reduce costs
After the application of blockchain technology, the costs of production and circulation will be greatly reduced. For example, blockchain technology solves the functions of automatic information storage and database, thus reducing manual investment and investment in other facilities.
In addition, blockchain and applications realize the interconnection of everything, helping manufacturers and distributors reduce various expenses. At the same time, reductions in production and distribution costs will also reduce the prices of agricultural products, ultimately benefiting consumers.
Of course, in addition to the above three reasons, blockchain technology can also be applied in agricultural subsidies, land registration, etc. to solve problems such as corruption and rights and interests.
Therefore, the application of blockchain technology in the agricultural field has to be recognized by people at all levels.
The core advantage of blockchain technology is decentralization. It can achieve decentralized credit in a distributed system where nodes do not need to trust each other by using data encryption, timestamps, distributed consensus and economic incentives. peer-to-peer transactions, coordination and collaboration to solveIt provides solutions to the common problems of high cost, low efficiency and insecure data storage in centralized institutions.
Future development and application scenarios of blockchain
1. Digital identity
When many people apply for various certificates, they will encounter "prove that my grandma is an adult", "my mother is my mother" "The dilemma, with blockchain, you no longer have to worry about it. It turns out that our birth certificates, real estate certificates, marriage certificates, etc. need a central node for everyone to recognize them. Once cross-border, contracts and certificates may become invalid because of the lack of a global central node.
The non-tamperable nature of blockchain technology has fundamentally changed this situation. Our birth certificates, real estate certificates, and marriage certificates can all be notarized on the blockchain and become things trusted by the world. Of course, It can easily prove "prove that my grandma is an adult" and "my mother is my mother".
2. Health care
To put it simply, it is to use blockchain to establish a universal record repository with timestamps, so that different databases can extract data information.
3. Travel consumption
When traveling, we often use apps such as Ctrip and Meituan to find and place orders for hotels and other services, and each platform gets commissions from them. The application of blockchain is to remove middlemen and create a secure and decentralized way for service providers and customers to connect and trade directly.
4. More convenient transactions
Blockchain can make payments and transactions more efficient and convenient. The blockchain platform allows users to create smart contracts that become active when certain conditions are met, meaning that automatic payments can be released when both parties to a transaction agree that their conditions are met.
5. Strictly control product quality
If you buy an apple, with blockchain technology, you can know the entire process from the production of the fruit farmer to the circulation link. Among them are government regulatory information, professional testing data, enterprise quality inspection data, etc. A smart supply chain will make the food we eat and the products we use every day safer and give us more peace of mind.
6. The Art of Property Rights Protection
The creator puts his work on the blockchain, and once someone uses his work, he can know it immediately. Corresponding royalties will also be automatically paid to the creator. Blockchain technology not only protects copyright, but also helps creators sell their works to consumers better and more directly, without requiring the assistance of distribution companies.