区块链的共享机制及其特点,区块链的共享机制

A. Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and blockchain government affairs make things easier

"Blockchain + government affairs" will collide What kind of sparks are there? Mawei Xingang Community in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province uses blockchain technology to solve the pain points of government informatization and launches a "blockchain + community certification" application. "This application can easily realize the electronic issuance of certificates required by enterprises and the masses, promote the transformation from 'reduced certificates' to 'no certificates', let data run instead of people running errands, improve service efficiency, and better serve the people. "Ms. Zhu, a citizen of Fuzhou, said.

Provident funds can be transferred and continued in other places

"Post-90s" Chen Jing joined a new company at the end of last year, and her work location changed from Hangzhou, Zhejiang to Chengdu, Sichuan. If you change your workplace, how can you transfer the previously accumulated housing provident fund to a new account? After consultation, Chen Jing learned that by searching for the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet on her mobile phone, she could realize the transfer to other places. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet will be launched online in October 2021. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has built a credible data environment for the operation of the applet by deepening the application of new technologies such as blockchain to ensure that depositors information and financial security. Thanks to blockchain technology, depositors can transfer housing provident fund accounts and funds across cities through mini programs. They no longer need to go to the counter to handle off-site transfers and continuations, which greatly shortens the processing time and further facilitates the cross-regional flow of human resources. .

Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and the use of blockchain technology improves the efficiency of government departments and people's satisfaction. For example, Haidian District in Beijing has opened a "Blockchain Zone" on the Haidiantong APP, which can directly handle public rental housing subsidies, Haidian District high-tech talent training subsidy approval, etc... With the application of new technologies such as blockchain, many government affairs The service realizes "one-stop service and full online service".

In addition, Zhuzhou City in Hunan Province has also innovated administrative approval service methods and launched blockchain application scenarios for electronic certificates, effectively improving the level of government data sharing and business collaboration efficiency; Fuzhou City has launched the "Rongcheng on the Chain" plan , exploring the use of blockchain technology in four fields including e-government, financial technology, social governance, and people's livelihood security.

Why does the government field favor blockchain technology? Industry insiders believe that blockchain technology has the characteristics of non-tampering, security, confidentiality and traceability, and is highly suitable for government service needs such as cross-domain data sharing and business collaborative management, and is actively used.Blockchain technology can solve problems such as difficulty in data sharing and business collaboration in the government service process, and improve government management services and overall coordination capabilities.

Effectively supporting people’s livelihood services

Related management service platforms based on blockchain in many places in China have been launched frequently: in Jiangsu, the country’s first transfer of idle residential use rights based on blockchain technology The transaction was successfully completed. Relying on the provincial information service platform, the transaction information can be directly uploaded to the "chain" for certificate storage, ensuring that the housing source is credible and the results are traceable; in Zhejiang, the first intellectual property blockchain public certificate storage platform was officially launched, providing data Assets, original designs and other intellectual property rights provide efficient and fast certificate storage services; in Yunnan, the Provincial Market Supervision Administration and the Provincial Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology jointly carry out Yunnan Province’s blockchain underlying chain food traceability work based on domestically produced independent , through blockchain technology, we can promote product source traceability, one-stop code, logistics tracking, responsibility identification and credit evaluation, so that blockchain technology can truly contribute to people's livelihood services.

Hu Kai, a professor at the School of Computer Science at Beihang University, told this reporter that the current blockchain industry applications are mainly divided into four categories: real economy, financial services, social governance and people's livelihood services. The government attaches great importance to guiding blockchain The application of chain in manufacturing, energy, government affairs, education and other fields has been implemented.

Active drive at the policy level has allowed blockchain to continue to advance in industries such as judicial evidence storage and transportation and shipping data sharing. In May, the Supreme People's Court issued the "Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Strengthening the Judicial Application of Blockchain", proposing that by 2025, a blockchain alliance for interoperability and sharing between people's courts and all walks of life should be established to form a relatively complete blockchain judicial system. Field application standard system. In June, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Guidelines for the Construction of an Electronic Platform for Imported Dry Bulk Cargo Entry and Port Business Based on Blockchain" in June, proposing to promote the in-depth integration and development of blockchain technology and the transportation industry.

Let data flow safely and orderly

Hu Kai believes that today, with the rapid development of the digital economy, numbers and data are key elements for future social development, but there are still legal issues behind the data. , interoperability, privacy, security, traceability, storage, transactions and many other complex issues. How to make data flow more securely and orderly? Blockchain technology has broad room for development.

Blockchain technology is accelerating breakthrough applications and playing a role in establishing a trustworthy and secure digital economic order and promoting high-quality economic and social development. The China Academy of Information and Communications Technology released the "Blockchain Infrastructure Research Report (2022)" in July this year, proposing that as the scale of blockchain infrastructure construction continues to expand and operating capabilities continue to increase, blockchain can not only be used in encrypted digital Currency and other scenarios can also be applied in manufacturing, service industries and other fields. Typical application scenarios such as digital collections, data circulation, supply chain finance, and product traceability have emerged.

B. What is the meaning of blockchain

Blockchain is a shared dataLibrary, blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc.

Blockchain does not belong to any industry. Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Features

Decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management agencies or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes self-verification, transmission and management of information through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain.

Openness. The foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface. Therefore, the entire System information is highly transparent.

C. What does blockchain mean?

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database that simultaneously Zhibu is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. It is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of the information. (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.

2. In order to realize the great leap forward development of blockchain finance, in order to promote the new development of China’s economy, accelerate the circulation of global assets, and realize the renaissance that generations have been striving for. dream.

Puyin Group held the Puyin Blockchain Finance Guiyang Strategy Release Ceremony in Guizhou on December 9, 2016. At the meeting, the blockchain will realize the digital circulation of assets and the blockchain financial transaction model. , and discuss the application of blockchain services and social public industries.

D. In addition to issuing coins, what are the application scenarios of currency-free blockchain?

The actual application scenarios of blockchain now include:

1. The pain points of traditional information sharing

Either a centralized center publishes and distributes information, or regular batch reconciliation between each other (typically once a day). Information sharing that requires timeliness is difficult to achieve real-time sharing.

The two parties sharing information lack a mutually trusting communication method, and it is difficult to determine whether the information received was sent by the other party.

2. Blockchain information sharing

First of all, the blockchain itself needs to maintain the data of each node.Consistent, it can be said to have its own information sharing function; secondly, real-time issues can be realized through the P2P technology of the blockchain; finally, using the non-tampering and consensus mechanism of the blockchain, a safe and reliable information sharing can be constructed aisle.

Okay. You may have this question: To solve the above problem, I can build an encrypted channel myself without using blockchain technology! But I want to say that since blockchain technology can solve these problems and it is very convenient to add nodes, why not use blockchain technology before you have built a safe and reliable information sharing system?

3. Application cases

Let’s take Tencent’s own application—Public Welfare Person Searching Chain—to illustrate the value of blockchain in information sharing. Bitcoin solves the problem of trust in currency issuance and accounting. Let’s take a look at how Bitcoin solves the above two problems one by one.

The problem of spam issuance: Bitcoins can only be obtained through mining, and the total number of Bitcoins available is 21 million. The problem of currency spam issuance is solved in the issuance process; The issue of ledger modification: Bitcoin Coin transaction records form a network through chain storage and decentralized global node balances to solve the problem of ledger modification.

Chain storage can be simply understood as: the blocks that store records are connected one to another, forming a chain; the records of all blocks except the first block contain the calibration of the previous block. Verification information, changing the information of any block will cause subsequent block verification errors. Because of this correlation, other blocks cannot be inserted in the middle, so it is difficult to modify existing records.

E. What is blockchain

Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database in which the data or Information has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "leaving traces throughout the entire process", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained".

On January 10, 2019, the National Internet Information Reform Office issued the "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations". On December 2, 2019, the word was selected into the top ten buzzwords of 2019 by "Yi Wen Qi Zi".

F. The difference between blockchain service transactions and sharing

The difference between blockchain and sharing lies in the objects and regions where services are provided. Blockchain service transactions are in the form of permission sharing, allowing each participant to act as a data provider, verifier and user at the same time, jointly maintaining the security and validity of blockchain data. Sharing includes the creation, production, distribution, transaction and consumption of goods and services by different individuals and organizations. Common forms include car sharing, carpooling, public bicycles, and exchange accommodation.