区块链地产技术有哪些,区块链地产技术应用

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A. Which blockchain real estate technology should everyone choose?

my country is a big country in the Internet and manufacturing. It has a good industrial foundation and huge market space for the development of industrial Internet. At present, industrial digitalization, networking, and intelligence are developing in full swing. The industrial Internet policy system is constantly improving, the functional system is accelerating, integration application innovation is active, and the industrial ecology is gradually formed. In the next step, as the development of the industrial Internet continues to deepen, the application of digital technology will gradually spread within a single enterprise to the entire industry chain, breaking down the barriers between enterprises and achieving greater range of interconnection at the industrial level, which will become the key to the development of the industrial Internet. important content. However, at the industrial level, in order to realize cross-enterprise data element circulation and business collaboration, we still face challenges such as lagging collaborative sharing technology, severe privacy protection situation, prominent equipment security issues, and lack of trust in the industrial chain.

Blockchain is a distributed network data management technology that is integrated and innovative by multiple technologies. It is an important development of the new generation of information and communication technology. Blockchain uses cryptography technology and distributed consensus protocols to ensure network transmission and access security, achieving multi-party data maintenance, cross-verification, network-wide consistency, and resistance to tampering. Blockchain technology provides new solutions for the configuration management of data elements in the industrial Internet. Give full play to the role of blockchain in promoting data sharing, optimizing business processes, reducing operating costs, improving collaboration efficiency, and building trustworthy systems. Opening up data islands can accelerate production process management and equipment security interconnection within industrial enterprises, and help Promoting industrial chain collaboration among industrial enterprises will also help build a new industry-finance collaborative ecosystem of trusted interconnection between industrial enterprises and financial institutions, which is expected to comprehensively promote the leapfrog development of the industrial Internet.

So can the industrial Internet and blockchain be combined?

Let’s first look at the definition of the Industrial Internet: The Industrial Internet is an Internet ecosystem formed by reshaping and transforming the industrial chain and internal value chain of each vertical industry based on Internet technology and ecology. and form.

It can be seen from the definition that the industrial Internet is not a single technology application, but is based on data and comprehensively uses technology clusters such as the Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to promote the efficiency of the traditional logistics industry. Enhancement and emerging momentum conversion.

As the foundation of the industrial Internet, data is the top priority. So how to ensure the value of data? At this time, the significance of the blockchain becomes apparent.

In this era of Internet of Everything, everything we say and do in our daily lives may become our personal data markers. It is conceivable that our lives are completely digitized, and blockchain technology will become the Internet in the future. one of the basic technologies.

For digital transformation, the high security, positive anonymity, and inherent financial attributes of blockchain make data transmission, storage, credit enhancement, and consistency in the industry chain more efficient. An obvious improvement.

DistrictBlockchain technology can help traditional enterprises obtain greater application value by transforming the industrial Internet, thereby converting data value into economic value.

Therefore, the industrial Internet is a catalyst for the development of blockchain technology. In the future, blockchain will leverage the development of the industrial Internet to achieve rapid implementation.

B. What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a way to block data in chronological order. A chained data structure composed of sequential connections, and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer composition. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; the consensus layer mainly encapsulates network nodes Various consensus algorithms; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, and is the core of the blockchain The basis of programmable features; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue Four technological innovations:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they all Can participate in supervising the legality of transactions and can also jointly testify for them.

The uniqueness of blockchain's distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and of equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus preventing a single bookkeeper from being controlled or bribed to record false accounts.possibility. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be the computing power and the number of shares. Or other characteristic quantities that the computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network

C. Blockchain has officially entered the 3.0 era, and real estate, supply chain, etc. will become key application areas

As blockchain With the continuous development of blockchain, the application coverage of blockchain is getting wider and wider. With the improvement of scalability and efficiency, the application scope of blockchain will go beyond the financial field and expand to fields such as logistics, real estate and the Internet of Things, becoming an important part of the future society. It is a bottom-level protocol, which means that the blockchain will enter the 3.0 era.

The blockchain 1.0 era is represented by BTC (decentralized concept), which plays more of a distributed accounting role, such as BTC, Ripple, BCH, Litecoin, Dogecoin, etc. It is more used for digital currency accounting. Of course, the development in the first stage is not perfect. Bitcoin still has many problems that need to be solved, such as expansion, lightning payments, hard forks, etc.

With further completion, the blockchain has entered the 2.0 era, with ETH (Smart Contract(approximately) representative, entering the contract stage.

Blockchain 2.0 represented by ETH is a great progress, but there are still many problems, such as channel congestion, slow transaction speed, and fork risk. High handling fees and so on. For example, after the popular CryptoKitties were launched on the Ethereum platform, they occupied about 25% of the Ethereum network at its peak, causing congestion on the entire Ethereum network and seriously affecting the experience of other Ethereum users. . The current development is a transition process from the first stage to the second stage.

After bidding farewell to the 1.0 and 2.0 eras, thanks to the continuous development of technology, blockchain has become more practical. This also means that the blockchain will completely break away from the financial attributes of the start-up period and enter practical application scenarios in all walks of life with its decentralization and other characteristics.

This also means that the blockchain has officially opened its 3.0 era - the era of comprehensive application. The blockchain industry structure in the 3.0 era is also more complex. Today I will give you a brief analysis.

The blockchain industry in the 3.0 era is divided into three levels: basic layer, service layer and application layer.

(1), Basic layer

The corresponding upstream, middle and downstream of the industrial chain include: upstream underlying technology and infrastructure (core technology, equipment, underlying platform deployment method), the midstream service layer mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology; the downstream application layer includes finance, supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, government enterprises, services, social applications, etc.

Hardware, technology and infrastructure manufacturers mainly provide chips, mining machines, mining pools, hard drives, routers and other infrastructure necessary for blockchain applications.

The underlying platform deployment methods can be divided into public chain, alliance chain, and private chain.

The underlying technology includes core basic components, protocols and algorithms. Based on the underlying core technology components, it provides different functions for different application scenarios, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.

The base layer provides the underlying blockchain or distributed ledger technology framework, mainly including Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, R3 Corda, FISCO BCOS, etc.

(2) Service layer

The service layer refers to the BaaS (Blockchain as a Service) platform, the main BaaS platform in ChinaTaiwan has Ant Blockchain BaaS platform, Tencent Cloud TBaaS, Ping An One Account BaaS platform, etc.

It mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology, and provides smart contracts, information security, data services and other products based on the underlying technology. services to improve the convenience and scalability of developers developing applications at the platform layer.

Application and service vendors are responsible for the research and development of general blockchain technology and technology expansion platforms, digital currency education and storage platform construction, etc., and provide technology for the industry application layer. support.

(3) Application layer

The application layer is represented by core application components, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.

Refers to the end user or service provider of blockchain. The main application scenarios of blockchain now include cross-border payment, anti-counterfeiting traceability, and supply chain. Finance, trade finance, electronic bills, ABS, etc.

Service objects are divided into two categories: B-side (initial stage): blockchain + (finance, supply chain management, copyright protection, education); C-side (first to land): blockchain+ (sharing economy, pan-entertainment).

The downstream blockchain application field is the combination of blockchain technology and existing industries. Now, Many industries have begun the application era of blockchain 3.0.

(1) Blockchain + supply chain

Blockchain + supply chain enables full-process traceability of product information. The traceability and anti-counterfeiting system of the traditional supply chain has shortcomings such as opaque information, easy data tampering, poor security and relative closure. However, using blockchain technology and Internet of Things technology, the information on the raw material purchasing process, production process and circulation process of goods can be processed. Integration and traceability can truly realize the full-process authentic traceability across brands, channels, retailers, and consumers, down to each item and code, significantly improving user trust experience.

(2), Blockchain + Internet of Things

Build an information exchange network in the era of Internet of Everything. As the number of devices in the Internet of Things grows, the distributed nature of the blockchain provides a way for self-governance of the Internet of Things, which can help devices in the Internet of Things understand each other and understand the correlation between different devices, thereby realizing the distribution of the Internet of Things. type control.

(3), Blockchain + Medical

Ensure medical careData is shared securely. Using blockchain technology to mathematically encrypt medical data can effectively prevent risks such as malicious modification of medical data. The medical data sharing and exchange system developed using blockchain technology uploads encrypted medical data, allowing data to be shared and circulated quickly, efficiently and securely between patients and medical institutions, effectively simplifying the management of medical data. Call process to provide data guarantee for accurate diagnosis of illness.

(4) Blockchain + Real Estate

There are many potential application scenarios of blockchain in the real estate industry. Common ones include: Real estate transactions. Pain points in the process of buying and selling property include: lack of transparency during and after the transaction, reams of paperwork, potential for fraud, errors in public records, and that’s just to name a few. Blockchain provides a way to achieve the need for paperless and fast transactions. In addition, real estate blockchain applications can help record, trace and transfer title deeds, deeds, liens, etc., and also provide a platform for financial companies, title companies and mortgage companies. Blockchain technology strives to securely preserve files while enhancing transparency and reducing costs. In addition, blockchain is also applied in the field of construction engineering, and many companies are applying this technology in the current urban renewal boom. For example, Shenzhen's Lanfang Chain has proposed a package of solutions such as blockchain + urban renewal/construction engineering/real estate development based on blockchain, which comprehensively serves many fields in the real estate industry. Currently, its official website and mobile applications are online.

In addition, blockchain has already had many applications in supply chain finance, stock trading, banking, etc., so I won’t go into details here.

As one of the important contents of my country’s 14th Five-Year Plan, officials have already proposed to accelerate the promotion of blockchain Technological and industrial innovation and development, and actively promote the integrated development of blockchain and economy and society.

The key to achieving the above two developments lies in the following two points:

1. Breakthrough in the core technology of blockchain technology.

Blockchain technology is currently the technology with the smallest gap between my country and Europe and the United States. Officials particularly emphasize that in this emerging field, my country must be at the forefront of theory, occupy the commanding heights of innovation, and gain new industrial advantages. It is necessary to promote collaborative research, accelerate breakthroughs in core technologies, and provide safe and controllable technical support for the development of blockchain applications.

At present, most of the blockchain technology is still in the conceptual hype stage, and many business scenarios use blockchain purely for the sake of blockchain. So far, no one in our country can solve core technical dilemmas such as the three-dimensional paradox on a global scale., Therefore, we must return to basic theories and core technologies, and only through long-term concentrated research can we achieve major breakthroughs.

In fact, the official has put forward very high requirements for the theoretical technology and subsequent application development of blockchain technology. Do a good job in basic theoretical research on blockchain, Focusing on conquering a number of key core technologies and truly shouldering the burden of technology research and development is the key to the current development of blockchain.

2. Enhance international voice and rule-making power.

Different from previous information technologies, blockchain technology is highly scalable, or aggressive. Its rules or right to speak determine its scope of influence, because every business on the chain is Individuals or institutions must obey the rules set by the blockchain, whether at home or abroad. For example, everyone must obey the rules of Windows when using the Windows system, but Windows only stipulates the rules for information interaction for users, which is acceptable to us, while the blockchain stipulates industry governance rules. With its distributed characteristics, the governance rules of the blockchain can quickly transcend national borders and geographical restrictions.

In order to achieve the above two points, we must strengthen the construction of the talent team, establish and improve the talent training system, create various forms of high-level talent training platforms, and cultivate a A group of leading figures and a high-level innovation team.

Blockchain, as an architectural innovation technology, has a huge demand for comprehensive talents, requiring practitioners to master a variety of professional and technical knowledge involving cryptography, information science, basic mathematics, etc. To develop blockchain, we must strengthen the construction of a talent team with deep cross-integration of disciplines, and establish a talent cultivation system in a forward-looking and systematic manner from the aspects of basic research, applied research and development, and industrial integration.

Blockchain technology is an important part of the future digital economy and has rich advantages for all walks of life. Although we have entered the 3.0 era, the vertical application of blockchain in various industries has just begun.

What do you think of the future of blockchain?

D. Why blockchain is needed for second-hand housing transactions

With the rapid development of Internet technology, second-hand housing direct sales platforms have developed rapidly in recent years. Similar to "Lianjia Second-hand House Direct Sales Network" and "I Love My Home Without Intermediary Business", other representative second-hand house self-sale platforms aim to allow house buyers and house sellers to trade more directly, especially in the case of disputes arising from real estate intermediaries and transactions. have been solved to a certain extent. And will the emergence of these direct sales platforms de-intermediate second-hand housing transactions in the future?

Regarding this issue, we need to pay attention to the possible deintermediation of second-hand housing transactions in the future.Under the circumstances, in addition to direct sales platforms, more reasons come from the development of blockchain technology. As blockchain technology becomes more mature, a new real estate platform called "Blockchain Real Estate Transaction Registration Platform" has begun to emerge, and its biggest feature is that it completely records housing transaction information on the blockchain. Let buyers and sellers have more security for each other.

From this perspective, the scenario in which second-hand housing transactions may be completely de-intermediated in the future is rather confusing. Because "complete deintermediation" does not mean "cancel the existence of brokers" or "cancel intermediary services", but means that house buyers and house sellers complete the house buying and selling process more directly through transactions on the blockchain platform. , and have more effective protection in terms of information.

But in any case, from the perspective of consumers, such deintermediation will have an extremely profound impact on consumers in the future. On the one hand, based on blockchain registration, consumers can obtain a more convenient, secure and transparent housing transaction experience. For example, in house purchase and sale transactions, such a system will realize mutual supervision and use blockchain to eliminate unnecessary intervention by intermediaries. On the other hand, it will make consumers' housing transactions safer, and records of fraud that cannot be related to disintermediation will be completely recorded on the Bingzhi blockchain to protect consumers' legitimate rights and interests from infringement.

Taken together, the emergence of second-hand house direct sales platforms and the gradual maturity of blockchain technology will have a profound impact on second-hand house transactions in the future. Second-hand housing transactions may be de-intermediated in the future. In this context, consumers can obtain a more transparent, convenient and secure housing transaction experience, which will expand the development space of China's real estate market and help China's real estate industry become healthier and more stable. Development

E. What technology development is needed for blockchain

What technology development is needed for blockchain:
1. Blockchain theory: Area Blockchain developers must be familiar with the theoretical knowledge of blockchain. This is the most basic requirement for a blockchain developer. The content includes blockchain network architecture, decentralization and other related application technologies. Expanding technical theory is mastery of Ethereum development.
2. Smart contract: Smart contract is a string of codes that blockchain developers need to write in blockchain programming language. It is a trust mechanism developed after imagining logic according to different scenarios, aiming to eliminate the intervention of third parties. Create an efficient and high-trust blockchain network. Blockchain developers need to realize automatic execution of this string of code, and the operation effect is irreversible.
3. Cryptography: Many blockchain application scenarios have high encryption, and point-to-point encryption mode is a characteristic of cryptography. By studying cryptography, blockchain developers understand encryption concepts such as wallets, keys, and a wide range of encryption and decryption technologies
4. Distributed architecture: Blockchain developers must understand the functions of distributed architecture and networks . Decentralized network is the basis of blockchain architecture. The transmission of information in blockchain network must follow the decentralized method.so that everyone can enjoy the same network rights.