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⑴ What is blockchain technology and how does it change business and financial models

Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger technology. It allows multiple participants to jointly maintain a secure, transparent and immutable record on a decentralized network. Blockchain technology was originally designed for the digital currency Bitcoin, but is now widely used in many other fields.

The core features of blockchain technology include:

Decentralization: Blockchain has no central control agency, and data is distributed on various nodes in the network, which makes it decentralized. The centralization feature reduces the risk of single points of failure.

Transparency: Transaction records on the blockchain are public to all participants, and anyone can view these records. This helps increase trust and reduce the risk of fraud.

Immutable: Once a transaction is recorded on the blockchain, it cannot be easily modified or deleted. This guarantees data integrity and security.

Smart contracts: Transactions on the blockchain can be automatically executed to implement "smart contracts", which automatically execute corresponding operations when specific conditions are met. This helps simplify complex business processes and reduce costs.

Blockchain technology has had a profound impact on business and financial models, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Reducing costs: Blockchain technology can reduce intermediary links and reduce costs. Transaction costs and operating costs. For example, by adopting blockchain for cross-border payments, remittance fees can be significantly reduced.

Improving efficiency: The automation and smart contract features of blockchain technology help improve the efficiency of business processes, reduce manual intervention, and reduce error rates.

Enhance trust: The transparency and non-tamperability of blockchain technology help to establish a reliable trust system, reduce the risk of fraud, and provide better protection for commercial activities.

Innovative business models: Blockchain technology has spawned many new business models, such as decentralized finance (DeFi), digital asset trading, supply chain finance, etc. These new business models have brought disruptive changes to existing industries.

In short, blockchain technology, as an emerging technical means, is gradually changing the landscape of business and finance. With the continuous development of technology and the in-depth promotion of applications, blockchain is expected to have a more extensive and far-reaching impact in the future

⑵ Blockchain --- Distributed Finance (DeFi)

< p> DeFi is the abbreviation of decentralized finance, which usually refers to digital assets and financial smart contracts, protocols and distributed applications (DApps) based on Ethereum.

Simply put, DeFi is to move traditional finance to the blockchain network, but compared with traditional finance, it implementsDecentralization has been achieved, which means that the role of the middleman has been eliminated, thus reducing the huge costs caused by the intermediate links.

What DeFi ultimately wants to achieve is the tokenization of assets, replacing traditional centralized financial institutions with smart contract functionality, allowing users to enjoy financial services at a lower cost, and improving the operation of the entire financial system. efficiency and reduce operating costs. At the same time, we will create a borderless financial system that is open to the world to create a new decentralized system that is open, transparent, and secure, so that everyone can trade freely.

With the rapid development of blockchain, DeFi application scenarios are constantly enriched, and the financial industry is one of the most promising industries.

Similar to a bank, users can deposit money and earn interest from other users who borrow their assets. However, in this case, the assets are digital and smart contracts connect lenders to borrowers, enforcing the terms of the loan and distributing interest. This all happens without trusting each other or a middleman bank. And, thanks to the transparency provided by blockchain, by cutting out middlemen, lenders can earn higher returns and gain a clearer understanding of risks.

Decentralized exchange, referred to as DEX, DEX is a cryptocurrency exchange that uses smart contracts to implement trading rules, execute transactions and securely handle funds when necessary. When trading with a DEX, there is no centralized exchange operator, no registration required, and no identity verification or withdrawal fees.

DEX can use the order book for transactions. For example, if you want to exchange 10 A for 15 B, then I will write it down. Then a while later another person came and said I wanted to exchange 15 B's for 10 A's. I said great, it was a perfect match. So, I generated a transaction on the chain to exchange your coins. At this time, the exchange rate is actually used as a reference for both parties to the transaction - it is recommended that you use this exchange rate to easily find a match. In this way, the decentralized exchange only matches the needs of both parties and puts them on the chain, and there is no problem of smart contracts reading off-chain exchange rate information.

This method has many flaws. No matter how user-friendly this DEX is, its efficiency must be very poor compared to centralized exchanges. First of all, it is difficult to find a match when currency prices fluctuate. Secondly, it is definitely difficult to find a match for small currencies. Then there should be no transaction delays. Small. But compared to central exchanges, it still has the only advantage-reliability.
 

DEX can also use AMM (automatic market maker) transactions, which calculates the exchange rate according to its own supply and demand relationship to ensure that the coins in your hand will not be shorted by others at a low price. The simplest way is to always ensure that the number of your A coins and B coins is a fixed value. In this way, even if you sell short, the loss will be limited, and the market will always adjust the price to an appropriate level - because anyway, if the exchange rate is low If the exchange rate is high, some people will buy it, and if the exchange rate is high, some people will sell it.

Through this simple method, a market can be obtained that can automatically adjust according to supply and demand without obtaining exchange rate information from outside the chain. Of course, the weakness of this thing is also obvious - if the initial exchange rate is not close to the market exchange rate, you will suffer a lot of losses. Moreover, there are “gratuitous losses” in AMM.

Stablecoins are tokens designed to maintain a specific value, often pegged to fiat currencies such as the U.S. dollar.

For example, DAI is a stablecoin pegged to the U.S. dollar and collateralized by digital assets on the Ethereum (ETH) chain. Its issuance is realized through a lending smart contract: everyone can mortgage a certain amount of ETH (Ether) in exchange for DAI anchored at 1:1 with the US dollar. Here, DAI takes the form of over-collateralization. For each DAI, $1.50 of Ethereum is locked in the MakerDAO smart contract as collateral.

If you pledge Ether worth $150, you can only get $100 worth of DAI. Then, it is written in this smart contract that if you return the $100 DAI within a certain period of time and pay part of the interest, then you can get back your mortgaged Ethereum.

But there is a problem here - the price of Ethereum will change. Moreover, the price changes of virtual currencies are quite drastic. What if Ethereum plummets? Then Ethereum, which was originally worth 150 US dollars, may instantly be less than 100 US dollars. At this time, the mortgaged assets are not as much as the assets I loaned out, and the price of DAI can no longer be anchored to the US dollar, because everyone can see: DAI is not It’s worth so much money.

How to solve this problem? The role of over-collateralization is revealed - no matter how much the price of Ethereum fluctuates, it will still take some time to fall from $150 to $100. And this gives room for asset liquidation: First of all, we stipulate that the collateral must not be less than 150% of the loan, that is, it does not matter if Ethereum rises, but once it falls, you must immediately cover your position to 150%, otherwise your collateral Smart contracts that will enter liquidation.

Used to install DeFi virtual assets, which can be used for transfers, etc.

The asset management tool (also called the Kanban) is a wallet scanning service that allows you to view wallet details and history.

The three most important asset management tools are Debank, Zerion and Zapper.

Generally speaking, there will be many mining opportunities in the market, which is also an opportunity for everyone to manage their finances and make money. At this time, a robot that does asset management or provides financial services will come forward and say, I am here to help you make money. As long as you give me the money, I will go to the market to find money-making opportunities. Help you make money.

YFI is one of the most important financial management tools.

Robots in the blockchain world are all managed in a decentralized manner, that is to say, there is no clear definition of who they belong to. In this case, if the robot malfunctions, who should we hold responsible? What should be done? Who is responsible for the losses? In this case, an insurance robot is needed, which is specifically designed to insure other robots.

Robots in the blockchain world are decentralized, open and transparent, and execute automatically. How should these robots be upgraded and maintained? How to ensure the decentralization of robots?

Generally, many people negotiate around the same robot and vote to decide how to let the robot upgrade and provide services. The DAO robot is a robot that helps these people and robots form a decentralized governance relationship.

A robot that specializes in providing an asset price. For example, when the little C robot just gave an example receives a Bitcoin, it needs to know how much a Bitcoin is worth. Otherwise, there is no way to calculate how much loan should be given to Xiao Ming. At this time, the oracle robot will run to Little C, enter a price, and tell Little C that Bitcoin is now worth $10,000.

Ethereum is a blockchain network that maintains a shared ledger of digital value. Almost allDeFi applications (called smart contracts or Dapps) are built on the Ethereum blockchain, and the participants that make up the network replace a central authority and control the issuance of the network's native cryptocurrency ether (ETH) in a decentralized manner.

DeFi ranking published by defipulse, which tracks the real-time value locked in global DeFi smart contracts.

MakerDAO is the undoubted leader in the field of DeFi. MakerDAO is to DeFi what Bitmain is to the mining industry.

Founded in 2014, MakerDAO is an automated mortgage loan platform on Ethereum and is also the provider of the stable currency Dai. MakerDAO is a decentralized derivative financial system built on Ethereum. It adopts a dual-currency model, one is the stable currency Dai, and the other is the equity token and management token MKR. Dai was launched on the mainnet in December 2017. Through the dual-currency mechanism, MakerDAO enables the entire decentralized pledge loan system to operate.

Dai is anchored 1:1 to the US dollar. Like other stablecoins, Dai also experiences price fluctuations. Unlike other stablecoins, Dai obtains value through over-collateralized encrypted digital currencies. Centralized stablecoins such as USDT, TrueUSD and GUSD have 1 USD of fiat currency as reserves behind every 1 USD of tokens issued, while 1 Dai is backed by more than 1 USD of digital assets as reserves.

Unlike USDT, TrueUSD, etc., Dai’s operating mechanism is open and transparent, which is also one of Dai’s advantages. Not only is Dai itself transparent, but the value fluctuation and quantity of Ethereum, the collateral used in exchange for Dai, are also transparent and publicly visible.

The Compound protocol creates a loan platform without an intermediary, where the borrower obtains benefits and the lender pays interest. (First Class Note: Usually we call the party who deposits tokens into the lending pool a borrower, and the party who borrows tokens from the lending pool is called a lender.)

Compound’s new ERC-20 token is referred to as cToken. , making it easier for users to perform lending operations. For example, cDAI and DAI exchange is supported, and DAI holders can lend tokens to cDAI users. Not all wallets support exchange, but on EidooWallet, users can easily exchange cDAI for DAI, thereby lending DAI in exchange for interest. Today, Compound supports a total of 8 cTokens, with total locked assets equivalent to approximately US$200 million: cDAI, cETH, cUSDC, cBAT, cWBTC, cSAI, cREP, and cZRX.

Borrowers can withdraw tokens from Compound at any time, and interest is calculated automatically and instantly. If you withdraw coins through a non-custodial wallet like Eidoo, no intermediary is needed (because Ethereum’s decentralized protocol can do it).

Lenders must lock tokens as collateral and obtain 50-75% of the credit based on the strength of the underlying assets.

The Compound protocol also has 10% interest as a reserve, and the remaining 90% interest goes to the borrower. No fees, no protocol tokens. The credit market based on Ethereum forms a truly decentralized liquidity pool to issue and obtain loans in an unintermediary, autonomous and fast way.

Synthetix is ​​a synthetic asset issuance protocol based on Ethereum. Synthetix currently supports the issuance of synthetic assets including fiat currencies, cryptocurrencies, and commodities. Among them, the main legal currencies are the US dollar (sUSD), the euro (sEUR), and the Japanese yen (sJPY), but currently sUSD is the main currency. In terms of cryptocurrencies, there are Bitcoin (sBTC) and Ethereum (sETH). In addition, there are inverse crypto assets such as iBTC. When the price of BTC falls, the price of iBTC rises, thereby making a profit. In terms of commodities, gold (sXAU) and silver (sXAG) are currently the main commodities.

Transactions on Synthetix are conducted in a decentralized manner and do not require the existence of counterparties, and there is no need to worry about liquidity and slippage issues. Trades on its exchange are executed through smart contracts and are trades on smart contracts rather than order book trades. Each of these has its own unique trading experience and some advantages.

Synthetix, like other asset issuance protocols, also requires asset mortgage to be issued. For example, the MakerDAO protocol needs to mortgage ETH to generate dai. Synthetix is ​​similar, but it stakes its native token SNX. Users can issue synthetic assets simply by locking a certain amount of SNX in their smart contracts. Among them, its pledge rate is very high, which is 750% of its issued assets. Only when it reaches the target threshold of 750% can it have the opportunity to obtain transaction fees and rewards of new SNX tokens.

TVL isThe higher the total locked value of each DeFi protocol, the better.

Dex is the trading volume, the higher the better.

The number of active addresses represents the number of DeFi users on Ethereum, the more, the better.

The lower the handling fee, the better.

As an infrastructure, Ethereum’s market value can be very high. However, when it comes to its ratio to DeFi’s market value, the lower the market value of Ethereum, the better. The higher it is, the better it is. The more mature.

Reference link:
https://zhuanlan.hu.com/p/206910261
https://zhuanlan.hu.com/p/ 366412971
https://zhuanlan.hu.com/p/377856331
https://www.hu.com/question/324838085/answer/1526607416

If something is wrong , please point it out, thank you~

⑶ The employment prospects of blockchain finance are broad

. The employment prospects in blockchain finance are very broad, so they are broad. Blockchain technology is still in the stage of systematic development and technical application exploration, so relevant practitioners are mostly focused on theoretical research and exploration and development of implementation scenarios.

⑷ In addition to being used in virtual currency, what other aspects can blockchain technology be used in?

In addition to being used in virtual currency, blockchain can also be used in the financial field, digital currency, Securities trading, fund management, customer credit reporting and anti-fraud, digital points, etc. The usage rate of blockchain in our country is still relatively high at present. Perhaps what we have heard the most before is that it is used in virtual currency.

In summary, in today’s society, blockchain technology has provided us with a wide range of help, and we must make good use of this Technology, use it in various related industries to make our industry develop faster and ensure the interests of our people.

⑸ What is blockchain finance? What does blockchain finance mean?

Blockchain finance is actually the application of blockchain technology in the financial field.

Blockchain is an underlying technology based on Bitcoin, and its essence is a decentralized trust mechanism. Collectively maintain a sustainable growing database through sharing among distributed nodes to achieve information security and accuracy. The application of this technology can solve the trust and security issues in transactions. Blockchain technology has become an optional direction for the future upgrading of the financial industry. Through the block chain, both parties to the transaction can do so without resorting to third-party credit.Economic activities can be carried out under the conditions of intermediaries, thereby reducing the cost of assets being able to be transferred globally.

(5) Extended reading on blockchain finance:

Since 2016, major financial giants have also caught wind of this trend and launched blockchain innovations one after another. project to explore the possibility of applying blockchain technology in various financial scenarios. In particular, Puyin Group took the lead in pioneering the “blockchain+” standard digital currency. Standardized digital currency is an asset that has been completed by a third-party organization through the process of identification, evaluation, ownership confirmation, insurance, etc., and is written into the blockchain through rigorous digital algorithms to form a standard corresponding relationship between the asset and the digital currency, which is called a standard system. Digital currency.

In order to realize the great leap forward development of blockchain finance, in order to promote the new development of China's economy, accelerate the circulation of global assets, and realize the dream of rejuvenation that generations of people have been striving for, Puyin Group will The Puyin Blockchain Finance Guiyang Strategy Release Ceremony was held in Guizhou on the 9th. At the meeting, the digital circulation of assets realized by blockchain, the blockchain financial transaction model, and the application of blockchain services and social public industries will be discussed. Discuss.

⑹ Application of blockchain in the financial field

1. Application and development of blockchain

Some Internet, Internet start-ups and traditional financial industries Started to try out applications in some projects

2. Domestic financial institutions are testing the waters of blockchain

Various financial institutions are testing the waters one after another, and they are basically in the conceptual experimental stage and have not yet reached a large scale. Commercial scale.

3. Panoramic view of blockchain application in the financial field

4. Ghostwriting

5. Digital bills

Bills are an important financial product in the financial market. They have dual functions of payment and financing. They are of high value and bear bank credit or commercial credit. Once a bill is issued, its face amount, date and other important information cannot be changed. Bills also have circulation attributes and can be accepted, endorsed, discounted, rediscounted, collected and other transactions within a specific life cycle. Once the transaction is completed, the transaction cannot be revoked. There are two characteristics in the circulation of bills: First, the circulation of bills mainly occurs through bank acceptance bills, and the number and circulation of commercial acceptance bills are small; second, each bank independently conducts credit granting and risk control on the bill business, and a single bank's Risk control results may affect other participants in the bill market transaction chain.

The experimental production system of the digital bill trading platform uses SDC (Smart Draft Chain) blockchain technology, using cryptographic algorithms such as homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proof for privacy protection, and through the practical Byzantine fault-tolerant protocol ( PBFT) conducts consensus and uses a see-through mechanism to provide data monitoring.

The experimental production system includes four subsystems: stock exchange, bank, enterprise and monitoring: the stock exchange subsystem is responsible for managing the blockchain and monitoring the digital bill business; the bank subsystem has Digital bills have business functions such as acceptance and receipt, discount signing, rediscounting, and collection and repayment; the enterprise subsystem has business functions such as issuance, acceptance, endorsement, discounting, and prompt payment of digital bills; the monitoring subsystem monitors the status of the blockchain in real time and business occurrence

6.

⑺ Blockchain financial application innovation platform, chain application, how to operate bonds

Blockchain financial application block Preparation before chain bond operation Blockchain + bond blockchain has unique advantages, it is possible to replace traditional securities issuance methods and trading models, establish a new blockchain securities market network, and complete certification, confirmation, issuance, trading, Traceability and other work can also help eliminate fraud, breach of contract
and other behaviors, and achieve real-time penetration supervision. The biggest difference between traditional bonds and blockchain bonds is that the traditional model is based on centralized peer-to-peer bonds. The center may be an intermediary or electronic account, while blockchain bonds are decentralized or decentralized. Intermediary peer-to-peer circulation of bonds can help improve efficiency and solve problems such as information asymmetry. Blockchain + IPO makes IPO-related information transparent and public through the blockchain, allowing investors to follow traces and increasing their fraud costs. Building a consortium chain By forming a consortium chain and deploying bond issuance on the blockchain to achieve point-to-point issuance, the role of securities underwriting institutions can be weakened and underwriting fees can be reduced. Smart bonds (create smart contracts) When a certain transaction condition is met, both parties to the bond transaction complete the transaction according to the pre-agreed securities transaction price and transaction quantity. Such a contract is turned into code and written into the blockchain. Once the conditions are triggered, the blockchain system will automatically start the payment code of the smart contract, and the securities and other valuable assets involved will be automatically traded according to the contract and processed in real time. Complete clearing and delivery. It effectively simplifies the issuer's default behavior. Smart securities avoid the manual process of traditional financial transactions and save time and costs. Its design allows both parties to the securities transaction to no longer rely on third-party credit intermediaries. It also helps to speed up transactions while reducing costs. Human error and operational risk.

⑻ What is blockchain technology and how does it change business and financial models

What is blockchain technology and how does it change business and financial models? Joining the EU and NATO is just a way to satisfy hunger from the West.. In fact, at least in the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and before Russia and Ukraine fail to completely resolve the border issue, the dreams of the EU and NATO are just a dream for Ukraine! In Zhuang Ci's view, the positioning of basic subject research centers should be high enough and can be built on the basis of research institutes or universities with good foundations. The government should provide sufficient and stable support funds. An ideal operating model is to follow the example of Japan. "World's Top International Research Center (WPI)" program.