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A. What is blockchain? Is this a pyramid scheme?
Hello!
All promotions claiming to be blockchain are hype concepts, be careful of scams.
Only represents my personal opinion, please don’t comment if you don’t like it, thank you.
B. Is the dp ecological blockchain a pyramid scheme?
The dp ecological blockchain is not a pyramid scheme. It is an officially recognized formal blockchain that operates in a block-like manner. Strictly abide by financial policies, so the Oakzhou dp ecological blockchain is not a pyramid scheme.
C. Is blockchain a pyramid scheme? Be careful of scammers using new technologies to defraud.
Many people are not clear about the name blockchain, and some even suspect it is a pyramid scheme. So the question is, do you understand the definition of blockchain? Do you think blockchain is a pyramid scheme? Some citizens have reported that some people use blockchain to commit fraud, and some people have been defrauded of a lot of money. So, does this mean that blockchain is unreliable?
Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "full traces left", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained". Based on these characteristics, blockchain technology has laid a solid foundation of "trust", created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism, and has broad application prospects.
It is understood that blockchain is a new technology and is not a disguised MLM. It is just claimed by many MLM organizations as "blockchain". In fact, there is no technology and it is just called "blockchain". "It's just a pyramid scheme, and the state has issued announcements many times to crack down on this type of pyramid scheme.
However, I hope everyone understands that blockchain is high technology and a new technology that has brought many changes to society. However, in order to make money, scammers set their sights on the blockchain, and their purpose is to use the blockchain to defraud. Therefore, everyone must be careful of similar scams. Before investing in a project, you must investigate to see if it is legitimate and reliable.
I once again remind you that blockchain is just an underlying technology of the Internet and has nothing to do with pyramid schemes. Because many people don’t understand it, many people use the slogan of blockchain to carry out pyramid schemes to illegally raise funds. . In fact, to identify MLM, you need to look at three characteristics:
1. Entry fee. Whether it is necessary to subscribe for goods or pay fees to obtain the qualifications to join or to develop the qualifications of others to join to obtain illegal benefits; 2. Pulling people. Whether it is necessary to develop others to become one's downline, and pay the personnel developed based on the number of people they develop directly or indirectly on a rolling basis to seek illegal benefits; 3. Remuneration method. Whether remuneration is calculated based on the sales performance of direct or indirect development personnel to seek illegal benefits. If it meets the above characteristics, it may be suspected of pyramid schemes.
D. Using the name of blockchain to defraud, blockchain has become the "signature" of pyramid schemes
Recently, fraud in the name of blockchain technology has been on the rise. Some self-media and illegal coin issuance companies in the currency circle have become active again, using social software to promote tokens in an attempt to fish in troubled waters. Investing 100 yuan can earn 1 million. Have you ever seen this kind of profit return? What is talked about every night has been packaged into a "hen that lays golden eggs" because of the lofty concept of "blockchain". In real life, it has been exploited by criminals and succeeded repeatedly.
Blockchain has become the "signature" of MLM fraud
The popularity of blockchain technology has also led to some criminals who use the name of blockchain to commit MLM fraud. The line is back from the ashes. Guo Yuhang, chairman of the China Blockchain Application Research Center, told reporters that when he was conducting research in a province in central China recently, officials from the financial department of the province revealed that more than 40 illegal fund-raising cases under the banner of blockchain have been investigated and dealt with locally. The amount involved in one case was as high as more than 2 billion yuan.
Not long ago, a sports APP that claimed to be “developed based on blockchain technology” was investigated by relevant departments in Changsha City, Hunan Province. The software has been accused of being a “typical pyramid MLM model” and is the result of traditional MLM methods combined with new concepts such as “blockchain” and “big health”.
Similar cases have occurred frequently this year. Fraud cases implemented in the name of blockchain have been uncovered in Suzhou, Yancheng and other places in Jiangsu Province. The police in Hengyang City, Hunan Province uncovered a fraud case in May this year. The gang used blockchain as a gimmick to issue worthless "air coins" and raised nearly 350 million yuan worth of Ethereum.
In the exposed cases of pyramid schemes and fund-raising fraud under the guise of blockchain, the characteristics of "pulling people's heads" are very obvious. They often take advantage of the mentality of the public who are not familiar with blockchain but have heard of Bitcoin’s “wealth-making myth”, and put a “fashionable” cloak on their illegal activities, promising low investment, high returns, and higher returns for offline development. Those who do not know the truth It’s easy to be fooled.
Industry experts said that although "Air Coin" may actually use blockchain technology, the purpose of issuance is too ambitious, such as "human health" and "reconstructing business models", and is almost useless. possible. Once investors are trapped and funds accumulate to a considerable amount, the project issuer will have a high probability of running away, and investors will lose their money. The resonance model that is popular in the currency circle in 2019 is a typical example. Typical projects with resonance models such as CXC and VDS have appeared in many places in my country, and many users have not recovered their own costs of funds invested. With the subsequent regulation, it is only a matter of time before these projects are liquidated.
With this phenomenon of bad money driving out good money, we have to look beyond the appearance to see the essence
“There cannot be an equal sign between blockchain and Bitcoin, obviously it is not the same. It is not the same as 'getting rich'." Many industry insiders emphasized to reporters that blockchain is an underlying technology, relying on this technology to give birth to a number of digital currencies such as Bitcoin, but it cannot be confused with one another.rise. Discovering the truth requires penetrating the fog. In addition to increasing the popularization of blockchain knowledge so that the public can understand and identify pyramid schemes disguised as "blockchain", more importantly, supervision must also keep pace with the times. Although the supervision of digital currency speculation, spam issuance, and pyramid schemes has never been relaxed in recent years, traditional supervision methods currently face considerable difficulties due to the complexity of the blockchain concept and its legal blankness.
Experts pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen the application of regulatory technology. Most MLM projects in the name of blockchain will frequently spread and leave traces on the Internet. With the help of existing financial technology supervision methods, it is possible to detect and investigate in time.
Of course we can’t kill them all with one stick. We also need to learn how to distinguish the pros and cons of blockchain projects
There are good and bad in blockchain, and there are good and bad, so We must also be good at discovering high-quality projects and passing inferior projects. How to spot spam projects?
Significant characteristics of junk projects: For example, CXC, VDS, and the investigated Qubu Bao make money without losing money, attracting people to develop offline. Although many normal cryptocurrencies also need marketing and promotion, they also need publicity. The project has advantages and hopes to be known and used by more people, but publicity is publicity, and we will never promise to make a profit without losing any money, let alone promote it in a way that attracts people's hair to grow offline. But for empty shell MLM coins, the purpose is to make money, so we must paint you a beautiful money-making situation, and then directly or in disguised way, use the method of pulling people's hair to get offline to gather funds.
Of course, we must maintain high-quality projects, because in the early stages of an industry, high-quality projects can easily be inadvertently trampled by users with lower costs and unawareness, so we must maintain high-quality projects. , such as 2019 rookie SBO. Through the Star Leap Plan, SBO has created a stable ecosystem and built a complete closed-loop underlying infrastructure to contribute to the development of the digital economy and help the economy and society. The original SBO ecosystem has begun to be compatible with all DAPPs on the chain and facilitates development. Or transplant DPAA on other chains. At another investment level, SBO opens up the built-in trading function. Although SBO is not completely online now, based on this function, users can invest in SBO in advance, enjoy the blockchain dividends together, and explore future blockchain application models with SBO. There are already many users making money through SBO, so SBO has gathered very strong community forces to protect the development of SBO.
For the sake of users, SBO will also be delayed in listing on the exchange at this stage. With the tightening of national policies, there are many problems in the project's current listing on the exchange. One is the "selling pressure problem", and a large number of users have The market will lead to the collapse of the project, and the other is "exchanges absconding with funds." Many exchanges currently have problems. Under the heavy attack of the state, many exchanges have begun to swallow up user assets and transfer them overseas, so currently SBO cannot On the exchangeIt is a curve to save the country, usually from a long-term perspective, maintaining project value and user benefits.
In the beginning of the industry, keep your original intention
When the business model of blockchain applications is not yet mature, we must keep our eyes open, rationally invest in innovative projects with potential, and reject junk projects , while closely following national policies, jointly support the development of blockchain technology and the integration of life application scenarios, and jointly welcome the new era!
E. Is blockchain a disguised pyramid scheme?
Blockchain is a new technology and is not a disguised pyramid scheme. It is just claimed by many pyramid schemes as "blockchain", but in fact it is not. It does not have any technology, it is just a pyramid scheme in the name of "blockchain". The country has issued multiple announcements to crack down on this type of pyramid scheme. The following is Xinhuanet's report on blockchain MLM:
Blockchain is not equivalent to virtual currency, and there are also security risks. Behind the popularity, there are exaggerated hype with "ulterior motives". Only by removing the flashiness can the blockchain return to its true application value.
Invest 80,000 yuan and it will become 800,000 yuan in three months? Shenzhen police uncovered a huge fund-raising fraud case. Under the guise of blockchain concepts and 10 times earnings, thousands of investors have fallen deeply into it, with the amount involved reaching 307 million yuan. Under the "mysterious veil" of the blockchain, criminals have taken advantage of the opportunity to use their tricks, and the blockchain has become a "signature" for economic crimes such as fraud and pyramid schemes.
Why has the blockchain been repeatedly “misused” by illegal activities such as pyramid schemes and fraud? Apart from being “unclear”, what is the “function” of blockchain technology itself? Since the beginning of this year, with the increased supervision and the cooling of the currency speculation trend, new opportunities have been brought to the development of blockchain. How is the implementation of blockchain commercial "applications" now? Reporters from "Lookout" News Weekly recently conducted an investigation into this.
When the three-month "fund release period" promised by the trading platform expired and the staff started "kicking" people in the QQ group, Tang Haiyan, who lives in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, realized that she might have been cheated. .
Previously, Tang Haiyan invested 80,000 yuan to buy a virtual currency called "Puyin Coin" under the introduction of a classmate. "The other party said that this currency is the most advanced blockchain technology at the moment, with Tibetan tea as collateral, and he also showed me a 'technical white paper'. I didn't understand blockchain, so I didn't read it carefully."
Although he doesn’t know much about blockchain or virtual currencies, Tang Haiyan is full of expectations for the high investment returns. She told reporters that the company that issued the "Common Silver Coin" would regularly split the virtual currency at a ratio of 1:10, which means that each split would increase the value of the "Common Silver Coin" in the hands of investors by 10 times. . As long as it is split once, the 80,000 yuan she invested is equivalent to buying "common silver coins" worth 800,000 yuan, and she can get huge profits by selling them on the trading platform.
According to the rules of the trading platform, the "common silver coins" just purchased cannot be traded immediately. They must be frozen on the platform for three months before the "release period" can begin. However, when three monthsAfter time passed, Tang Haiyan not only failed to wait for his assets to double, but the 80,000 yuan frozen on the platform could no longer be used for transactions.
“Other investors began to question the authenticity of this investment in the QQ group. As a result, the company staff kicked these investors out one by one. I felt bad.” She said.
Facts also proved Tang Haiyan’s intuition. At the end of March 2018, Shenzhen police uncovered a huge fund-raising fraud case, with the amount of fraudulent funds reaching 307 million yuan. In this case, the Shenzhen Puyin Blockchain Group Co., Ltd. involved in the case used the "blockchain + Tibetan Tea" model to issue virtual currency and defraud public deposits. Tang Haiyan was one of thousands of victims. .
An investigation by the Shenzhen police found that the company claimed that investors could trade "common silver coins" on the virtual trading platform "Jubi.com" to earn the price difference
. In fact, the change in its buying and selling price was caused by the company using investors' investment funds to perform behind-the-scenes operations, and once raised the price of "common silver coins" from 0.5 yuan to 10 yuan, allowing investors to taste some sweetness. When a large number of investors entered the market, the company continued to cash out by maliciously manipulating the price trend of "Common Silver Coins", which eventually resulted in the "Common Silver Coins" in the hands of investors being worthless.
Since 2018, engaging in fraud and pyramid schemes under the banner of blockchain has become a commonly used "routine" in new criminal methods. In April 2018, Jinan police busted a pyramid scheme gang under the guise of "western development", "national poverty alleviation", "original stocks", "blockchain" and "e-commerce", arrested more than ten main suspects, and froze the funds involved in the case There were more than 100 accounts, and more than 300 million yuan of funds involved were seized.
Jinan police said that Huileyi e-commerce company designed fake virtual disks on the Internet and released so-called "treasure coins" and "precious coins" on the grounds that the country is vigorously developing the big data industry. and other virtual currencies.
They first use the gift as a guise to give a certain amount of virtual currency to newly joined MLM personnel, with the price of each coin being tens of yuan, and then use artificial manipulation to increase the value of the virtual currency to more than 100 yuan or even hundreds of yuan. Yuan, attracting people who do not know the truth to join, and finally "cut leeks" through the cyclical fluctuations of the so-called "devaluation" of virtual currencies, repeated over and over again, and ultimately achieve the purpose of seeking illegal benefits.
In Xi'an, the local police also successfully cracked a huge online pyramid scheme under the banner of blockchain. According to the police, the criminal suspect Zheng paid a high salary to organize network platform administrators Zhang, Li and other 9 people. Since March 28, 2018, he has used collective pyramid schemes and online pyramid schemes as means to sell coins at a price of 3 yuan each. Sell virtual "Datang Coins" on the "Consumption Era" online platform and control the appreciation rate;
At the same time, hold promotion meetings in multiple cities at home and abroad to attract members, and set up There are 28 levels of agents in charge. In just 18 days, the gang has developed more than 13,000 registered members. It has been found that the case involves 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country., the funds involved amounted to more than 86 million yuan.
The "Tencent 2017 MLM Situation Awareness White Paper" released by Tencent Security Joint Laboratory stated that in recent times, various overseas capital disks, virtual currencies, ICO (blockchain project initial public offering of tokens) Financing) projects emerge in an endless stream, which hide many risks such as illegal issuance, false projects, cross-border money laundering, fraud, pyramid schemes, etc., causing a large amount of funds to flow overseas. Once they collapse, run away, or lose contact, investors often have no way to complain and lose money. recover. For example, Baichuan Coin, Mark Coin, Beta Coin, Dark Coin, etc.
Reporters from "Lookout" News Weekly conducted interviews in Guangdong, Shandong, Shanghai and other places and learned that most people know that the concept of blockchain is very popular, but they are "uninformed" about the specific functions of blockchain. There are different opinions: some people think it is used for "investment and financial management" and "buying and selling currency", while others think it is "a major invention of the same magnitude as the steam engine". Some entrepreneurs are gearing up to seize this "once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to get rich."
Many people in the industry said that it is precisely because people have many misunderstandings about blockchain that criminals have the opportunity to fish in troubled waters and mislead investors.
First, blockchain is not equal to virtual currency. As of the end of last year, the number of domestic ICO participants and total transaction volume had doubled. A large number of digital currency exchanges have fled overseas, and the agency investment model has involved more ordinary people in high-risk investments.
Many industry self-media and famous speakers have formed interest alliances with issuers, digital exchanges, etc. to endorse the "Air Coin" project platform and create public opinion. In December last year, the People's Bank of China and nine other departments characterized ICOs as "suspected of illegal fund-raising, financial fraud, pyramid schemes and other illegal and criminal activities."
During the interview, many people told our reporter that the existence of tokens has built a set of equity mechanisms for the development of blockchain technology. This mechanism is indispensable for stimulating the prosperity of blockchain applications. of. "Market practice in the past five years has proven that blockchain applications without equity mechanisms are like computers without Internet connectivity and a market economy without currency. The application scenarios and development speed are greatly reduced." said an investor in Shanghai. .
In fact, tokens represented by Bitcoin are only one of the earliest products to verify blockchain technology. There is no equivalence between the two, and the existence of tokens has already affected the blockchain technology. The development of the chain has obvious negative effects.
Xiao Wei, chief engineer of the Internet Blockchain, told this reporter that the myth of ICO getting rich has shaken the R&D efforts of blockchain technology talents, and the myth of getting rich through speculation, which can easily return hundreds of times, is testing the blockchain industry. The patience of chain technology R&D talents. "Many of the 'comrades' in the circle who used to do blockchain technology research and development together have switched to issuing coins, and now there are very few who can still continue to do technology research and development and application."
Beijing Internet Finance Industry Xu Zewei, Secretary of the Party Committee of the Association, said that under the background of China’s ban on ICOs, many domestic start-up companies promoting blockchain applications are “selling sheep’s heads to dog meat” and passing on originally worthless tokens.Concept packaging to generate money for financing. “ICO has polluted the good atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship and created a speculative product. Many young people don’t think about starting a business, but they are thinking about issuing coins. This gives everyone the illusion of getting rich overnight.”
< p>At present, more and more people in the industry are beginning to think about whether the development of blockchain must rely on the issuance of tokens to achieve incentives. Guo Dagang, secretary-general of the Beijing Internet Finance Industry Association, told this reporter that the so-called incentive mechanism is just a theoretical basis for project parties to issue tokens. Huo Xuewen, director of the Beijing Municipal Financial Affairs Bureau, also believes that if the blockchain does not get rid of the currency issuance dilemma, it will never find a legal implementation mechanism.Secondly, the blockchain is not omnipotent and has security risks. Blockchain is generally considered to be able to achieve three functions:
First, the data stored on the blockchain cannot be tampered with or forged, and the data has high credibility and credibility; second, The entire transaction process is traceable, enabling accurate tracking of responsibilities; third, smart contracts embedded in the blockchain can be automatically executed based on the contract, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing the risk of default. The industry generally believes that blockchain has broad application prospects in finance, logistics, trade and other fields.
In fact, blockchain is not omnipotent, and its functions also have many limitations. It is generally believed that based on its cryptographic characteristics, if you want to tamper or forge on the blockchain, you theoretically need to control more than 51% of the nodes to achieve it. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this trust creation mechanism with widespread public participation will be difficult to tamper with.
However, in reality, digital currency exchanges are frequently attacked or even stolen. On June 20, 2018, South Korea's Bithumb exchange announced on its official website that the exchange was attacked by hackers and cryptocurrency worth 35 billion won, or approximately US$32 million, was stolen.
Ji Xinhua, known as China's first generation "hacker", said that the blockchain will continue to face attacks, and the process of uploading data to the chain is prone to information leakage. Some people in the industry are also worried that once the super computing power of quantum computing is realized, it will also have a direct impact on the blockchain.
Zhao Yao, a special researcher at the Institute of Finance of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told this reporter that as early as 2013, the academic community confirmed that the blockchain is not perfect and there are many "cheating" strategies. As long as there are sufficient economic incentives, attacks that control more than 51% of the nodes do not only exist in theory.
Zeng Guang, secretary-general of the Shenzhen Internet Finance Association, said that blockchain technology itself is not irreplaceable or subversive. "Some criminals exaggerate the role of blockchain to illustrate that blockchain has huge investment value, which deserves the vigilance of investors."
Thirdly, the popularity of blockchain is not the same. Not entirely true. Data shows that from the end of 2017 to the beginning of 2018, more than 300 self-media companies mainly focused on ICO projects appeared, which became an abnormal phenomenon worth noting.
“Most of these self-media have obtained the approval of the person in charge of the exchange,With the financial support of investors in the currency circle, it is difficult to guarantee the objective independence of their reports. Most of them advocate ICO and currency speculation, excessively exaggerating the prospects of digital currencies, and creating convenience for the spread of public opinion for illegal fund-raising for problematic projects. "Xu Zewei said that some blockchain self-media investors are themselves ICO project investors. Their profit model is to charge soft article fees and project promotion fees to become public opinion helpers for token issuance. Some media have developed into agency investment agencies, from which Profit making.
On August 24, 2018, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission website released an article Risk warning, reminding the general public to guard against illegal fund-raising in the name of "virtual currency" and "blockchain".
The original text is as follows:
About preventing the use of "virtual currency" and "blockchain" "Risk reminder of illegal fund-raising in the name of"
The China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Central Cyberspace Administration of China, the Ministry of Public Security, the People's Bank of China, and the State Administration for Market Regulation remind:
Recently, some criminals have used the name of "financial Under the banner of "innovation" and "blockchain", they absorb funds through the issuance of so-called "virtual currency", "virtual assets" and "digital assets", infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of the public. Such activities are not really based on blockchain technology, but are a hype zone. The blockchain concept is used for illegal fund-raising, pyramid schemes, and fraud. It mainly has the following characteristics:
1. Networking and cross-borderization are obvious. Transactions are carried out relying on the Internet and chat tools, and online payment tools are used to receive and disburse funds. , the risk has a wide scope and spreads quickly. Some criminals rent overseas servers to build websites, essentially carry out activities for domestic residents, and remotely control the implementation of illegal activities.
Some individuals claimed in the chat tool group Obtaining an investment quota for overseas high-quality blockchain projects, you can invest on your behalf, which is most likely a fraudulent activity. Most of the funds for these illegal activities flow overseas, and supervision and tracking are very difficult.
2. Deceptive and tempting , Strong concealment. They use hot concepts to promote hype and fabricate various "high-level" theories. Some even use celebrity V "platforms" to promote, use airdrops of "candy" as temptations, and claim that "currency value only rises and never falls." "Short investment cycle, high returns, low risks" is highly deceptive.
In actual operations, criminals illegally manipulate the price trend of so-called virtual currencies and set profit and withdrawal thresholds behind the scenes. Make huge profits. In addition, some criminals also issue tokens in innovative names such as ICO, IFO, and IEO, or conduct virtual currency speculation in the IMO manner under the banner of the sharing economy, which is highly concealed and deceptive.< /p>
3. There are various illegal risks. Through publicity, criminals use "static benefits" (profits from currency speculation and appreciation) and "dynamic benefits" (profits from offline development) as bait to attract public investment. funds, and induces investors and development personnel to join, constantly expanding the capital pool, and has the characteristics of illegal fund-raising, pyramid schemes, fraud and other illegal behaviors.
Such activities are characterized by ""Financial Innovation" is a gimmick, but in essence it is a Ponzi scheme of "borrowing new to repay old", and it is difficult to maintain long-term capital operation. Please treat the blockchain rationally, do not blindly believe in the promises made by the sky, and establish correct currency concepts and investment concepts. Effectively improve risk awareness; actively report and report any clues about illegal crimes discovered to the relevant departments.
F. Is the blockchain investment platform a scam?
Blockchain investment itself is not A scam, but its price formation mechanism is opaque and can easily cause huge losses to investors. At the same time, there is a lack of supervision, so it may become a scam. Investors who are defrauded due to blockchain investments can defend their rights against the exchange and the project side. Fraud and other criminal acts should be reported in a timely manner, and the judicial authorities will investigate the corresponding criminal liability.
[Legal Basis]
Article 3 of the "Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China" If the law expressly stipulates that a criminal act is a criminal act, it shall be convicted and sentenced in accordance with the law ; Any act that is not expressly stipulated in the law as a crime shall not be convicted or punished. Article 13 Any act that endangers national sovereignty, territorial integrity and security, splits the country, subverts the power of the people's democratic dictatorship and overthrows the socialist system, or undermines social order and economic order, Infringement of state-owned property or property collectively owned by the working people, infringement of citizens' private property, infringement of citizens' personal rights, democratic rights and other rights, as well as other acts that endanger society and should be punished in accordance with the law are all crimes, but If the circumstances are obvious and the harm is minor, it will not be considered a crime.
G. Blockchain is developing extremely fast. Is it an alternative pyramid scheme?
It is an alternative pyramid scheme. .
First of all, blockchain is a chain data structure that connects data blocks in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be an untamperable and unforgeable distributed system. Ledger. Secondly, the concept of blockchain is brought out by Bitcoin. It is a technology in itself. How to "realize" technology, it must be combined with practical applications in life and create actual value. Only then can it be used to make money.
In blockchain MLM, the amount that can be mined is related to the number of coins held. The more coins there are, the higher the mining efficiency. The purpose is obvious, in order to prevent victims from selling out prematurely. In the introduction of MLM mining, some contents of real blockchain projects are followed, but there is usually a fatality. Error: Most introductions to MLM projects will say that they use ERC.20 token, but in fact ERC 20 token does not have a mining function. For MLM projects, the so-called mining is just a number in the background.
So the blockchain is an alternative type of pyramid scheme.
H. Is the blockchain a pyramid scheme?
The blockchain is a computer technology and does not have the nature of a pyramid scheme. .
Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.
p>In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and non-forgeable. Distributed ledger.
Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.
To identify a pyramid scheme, you need to look at three characteristics:
1. Entry fee
Whether it is necessary to subscribe for goods or pay a fee to obtain the qualifications to join or to develop the qualifications of others to join , seeking illegal benefits;
2. Pulling people
Whether it is necessary to develop others to become one's downlines, and the personnel to be developed shall be based on the number of personnel directly or indirectly developed on a rolling basis Paying remuneration to seek illegal benefits;
3. Remuneration method
Whether remuneration is calculated based on the sales performance of direct or indirect development personnel to seek illegal benefits.
If it meets the above characteristics, it may be suspected of pyramid schemes.
(8) Is the blockchain crowdfunding platform a new type of pyramid scheme? Further reading:
Article 7 of the "Regulations on Prohibition of Pyramid Schemes" stipulates that the following acts: It is a pyramid scheme:
1. The organizer or operator, through the development personnel, requires the developed personnel to develop other personnel to join, and the personnel to be developed will be calculated and paid based on the number of personnel directly or indirectly developed on a rolling basis. Remuneration (including material rewards and other economic benefits, the same below), and seeking illegal benefits;
2. The organizer or operator, through the development personnel, requires the development personnel to pay fees or in disguised ways such as subscribing for goods. Pay fees to obtain the qualifications to join or develop other personnel to join, and seek illegal benefits;
3. The organizer or operator, through the development personnel, requires the developed personnel to develop other personnel to join, forming an upline and downline relationship, And calculating and paying remuneration to uplines based on the sales performance of downlines to seek illegal benefits.
I. Is the blockchain a disguised pyramid scheme?
Virtual currency has several distinctive features: First, it constructs virtual currency, which has obvious characteristics of involving fraud. The audit randomly checked 60 platforms and found that none of them actually had the technology or any currency function they claimed. The so-called "currency value" was controlled by the platform at will. The second was to attract the attention of investors by fabricating stories and designing models. The third is that it has a variety of illegal and criminal characteristics.
Allow members to pay a certain fee. In this case, MLM is transformed into purchasing virtual goods Qinhu coins, and their levels are above three levels, reaching 10 levels. The sale of virtual currency on the Internet makes MLM more covert and therefore has a wider impact.
