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Ⅰ Getting Started with Blockchain What You Need to Know!

What is a blockchain?
Literally: a blockchain is a chain composed of small blocks that record various information, similar to what we will Bricks are stacked one after another, and they cannot be removed after being stacked. Each brick also has various information written on it, including: who stacked it, when it was stacked, what material the brick was made of, etc. You can use this information There is no way to modify it.
From a computer perspective: Blockchain is a relatively special distributed database. A distributed database stores data information on each computer separately, and the stored information is consistent. If one or two computers in Taiwan are broken, the information will not be lost, and you can still view it on other computers.
Blockchain is distributed, so it has no central point. Information is stored in all nodes that join the blockchain network, and the data of the nodes is synchronized. A node can be a server, laptop, mobile phone, etc.
What you need to know is that the data stored in these nodes are exactly the same.
Blockchain Features
Decentralization: Because it is distributed storage, there is no central point. It can also be said that each node is a central point. Applications in life do not require a third-party system (bank , Alipay, real estate agencies, etc. are all third parties).
Openness: The system data of the blockchain is open and transparent, and everyone can participate. For example, when renting a house, you can know the previous rental information of the house and whether there have been any problems. Of course, some individuals here Private information is encrypted.
Autonomy: The blockchain adopts consensus-based specifications and protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms), and then each node operates according to this specification, so that everything is done by machines and there is no human touch. Element. This changes trust in people to trust in machines, and any human intervention has no effect.
Information cannot be tampered with: If the information is stored in the blockchain, it will be saved permanently and there is no way to change it. As for the 51% attack, it is basically impossible to achieve.
Anonymity: There is no personal information on the blockchain, because it is all encrypted and is a string of letters and numbers, so your ID card information and phone number will not be resold. Phenomenon.
Block structure
A block contains two parts:
1. Block header (Head): records meta-information of the current block
2. Block body (Body): actual data
>Contains data as shown below:
How blockchain works
Let’s take transfer as an example:
Currently our transfers are centralized, and the bank is a centralized ledger. For example, there is 400 in account A There are 100 yuan in account B.
When A wants to transfer 100 yuan to B, A needs to submit a transfer application through the bank. After the bank verification is passed, the transfer application will be transferred from A’s account100 yuan is deducted, and account B increases by 100 yuan.
After calculation, the balance of account A after deducting 100 is 300 yuan, and the balance of account B after adding 100 is 200 yuan.
The steps for transferring money on the blockchain are: A wants to transfer 100 yuan to B. A will tell everyone about the transfer on the Internet, and everyone will check whether there is enough money in A's account. To complete the transfer, if the verification is passed, everyone will record this information in the blockchain on their computers, and the information recorded by everyone will be synchronized and consistent, so that A will successfully transfer 100 yuan to on B’s account. You can see that there is no bank involved.
Related questions
What is the relationship between blockchain and Bitcoin?
Bitcoin was proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009, and then the blockchain technology was refined with reference to the implementation of Bitcoin.
If Bitcoin is noodles, then blockchain is flour. Later, everyone discovered that flour can be used to make steamed buns and steamed buns in addition to noodles.
Why do I need to help you store block information?
I don’t have time to do it without profit. To put it simply, you help me store information and I will give you corresponding rewards.
Key technical points that need to be understood in blockchain?
Use Hash and asymmetric encryption to ensure that data cannot be tampered with:
Hash: y = hash(x), perform a hash operation on x to obtain y , the original information x can be hidden, because you cannot calculate x through y, thus achieving anonymity.
Asymmetric encryption: The public key and the private key are a pair. If the public key is used to encrypt the data, only the corresponding private key can be used to decrypt it; if the private key is used to encrypt the data, then only It can be decrypted with the corresponding public key.
Consensus algorithm: Ensure data consistency between nodes.
Is there a sentence or two that can explain the blockchain?
Yes.
Mahjong is a traditional Chinese blockchain project. A group of four miners work together. The miner who first collides with the correct hash value of 13 numbers can obtain the accounting rights and be rewarded.

II Tutorial for getting started with blockchain

However, there are very few simple and easy-to-understand introductory articles. What exactly blockchain is and what makes it special is rarely explained.
Next, I will try to write a best-understood blockchain tutorial. After all, it is not difficult. The core concept is very simple and can be explained clearly in a few sentences. I hope that after reading this article, you will not only understand the blockchain, but also understand what mining is, why mining is getting more and more difficult, and other issues.
It should be noted that I am not an expert in this area. Although I have been paying attention to it for a long time, my detailed understanding of blockchain started at the beginning of this year. You are welcome to correct any errors or inaccuracies in the article.
1. The essence of blockchain
What is blockchain? In a word, it is a special distributed database.
FirstFirst of all, the main function of blockchain is to store information. Any information that needs to be saved can be written to the blockchain and read from it, so it is a database.
Secondly, anyone can set up a server, join the blockchain network, and become a node. In the world of blockchain, there is no central node. Every node is equal and stores the entire database. You can write/read data to any node, because all nodes will eventually be synchronized to ensure that the blockchain is consistent.
2. The biggest features of blockchain
Distributed databases are not a new invention, and there have been such products on the market for a long time. However, blockchain has a revolutionary feature.
Blockchain has no administrator, it is completely centerless. Other databases have administrators, but blockchain does not. If one wanted to add auditing to the blockchain, it would not be possible because it is designed to prevent the emergence of a central authority.
It is precisely because it is unmanageable that blockchain can be uncontrollable. Otherwise, once big companies and large groups control the management, they will control the entire platform, and other users will have to take orders from them.
However, without an administrator, everyone can write data into it. How can we ensure that the data is trustworthy? What if it is modified by a bad person? Please read on, this is the wonderful thing about blockchain place.
3. Block
Blockchain is composed of blocks. Blocks are much like database records. Every time data is written, a block is created.
Each block contains two parts.
Head: records the characteristic values ​​of the current block
Body: actual data
The block header contains multiple characteristic values ​​of the current block.
Generation time
Hash of the actual data (i.e. block body)
Hash of the previous block
...
Here, you need to understand what a hash is , which is necessary to understand blockchain.
The so-called hashing means that the computer can calculate a characteristic value of the same length for any content. The hash length of the blockchain is 256 bits, which means that no matter what the original content is, a 256-bit binary number will be calculated in the end. And it can be guaranteed that as long as the original content is different, the corresponding hash must be different.
For example, the hash of the string 123 is (hexadecimal), which is 256 bits when converted to binary, and only 123 can get this hash. (Theoretically, it is possible for other strings to get this hash, but the probability is extremely low and can be approximated as impossible.)
Therefore, there are two important inferences.
Corollary 1: The hash of each block is different, and the block can be identified by the hash.
Corollary 2: If the content of the block changes, its hash will definitely change.
4. The non-modifiable nature of Hash
Blocks and hashes have a one-to-one correspondence, and the hash of each block is for the block header (Head)computational. That is to say, the characteristic values ​​​​of the block header are connected together in order to form a very long string, and then the hash is calculated on this string.
Hash = SHA256 (block header)
The above is the calculation formula of block hash. SHA256 is the hash algorithm of the blockchain. Note that this formula only contains the block header and not the block body. In other words, the hash is uniquely determined by the block header.
As mentioned before, the block header contains a lot of content, including the hash of the current block body. , and the hash of the previous block. This means that if the content of the current block body changes, or the hash of the previous block changes, it will definitely cause the hash of the current block to change.
This point has great significance for blockchain. If someone modifies a block, the hash of the block changes. In order for subsequent blocks to still be connected to it (because the next block contains the hash of the previous block), the person must modify all subsequent blocks in sequence, otherwise the modified block will be removed from the blockchain . Due to the reasons mentioned later, hash calculation is very time-consuming, and it is almost impossible to modify multiple blocks in a short period of time, unless someone controls more than 51% of the computing power of the entire network.
It is through this linkage mechanism that the blockchain ensures its own reliability. Once the data is written, it cannot be tampered with. This is just like history, what happened happened, and it can’t be changed from now on.
Each block is connected to the previous block, which is where the name blockchain comes from.
5. Mining
Since synchronization between nodes must be ensured, the adding speed of new blocks cannot be too fast. Just imagine, you have just synchronized a block and are preparing to generate the next block based on it, but at this time, another node generates a new block, and you have to give up half of the calculations and synchronize again. Because each block can only be followed by one block, you can only generate the next block after the latest block. So, you have no choice but to sync as soon as you hear the signal.
So, the inventor of the blockchain, Satoshi Nakamoto (this is a pseudonym, and his true identity is still unknown) deliberately made it difficult to add new blocks. His design is that on average, the entire network can generate a new block every 10 minutes, which is only six per hour.
This output speed is not achieved through commands, but by deliberately setting up massive calculations. In other words, only through an extremely large amount of calculations can the effective hash of the current block be obtained and the new block added to the blockchain. Because the amount of calculation is too large, it cannot be done quickly.
This process is called mining, because the difficulty of calculating a valid hash is like finding a grain of sand that meets the conditions among the sand in the world. The machine that calculates hashes is called a mining machine, and the person who operates the mining machine is called a miner.
6. Difficulty coefficient
After reading this, you may have a question. People say that mining is difficult, but isn’t mining just about using a computer to calculate a hash? This is the strength of computers. How could it be? ChangeIt’s very difficult, why can’t it be calculated?
It turns out that not just any hash can be used, only hashes that meet the conditions will be accepted by the blockchain. This condition is particularly harsh, causing most hashes to fail to meet the requirements and must be recalculated.
It turns out that the block header contains a difficulty coefficient (difficulty), which determines the difficulty of calculating the hash. For example, the difficulty coefficient of the 100,000th block is 14484.16236122.
The blockchain protocol stipulates that the target value (target) can be obtained by dividing the difficulty coefficient by a constant. Obviously, the greater the difficulty coefficient, the smaller the target value.
The validity of the hash is closely related to the target value. Only hashes smaller than the target value are valid, otherwise the hash is invalid and must be recalculated. Since the target value is very small, the chance that the hash is smaller than this value is extremely slim, and it may be calculated 1 billion times before it is considered a hit. This is the fundamental reason why mining is so slow.
As mentioned earlier, the hash of the current block is uniquely determined by the block header. If the hash of the same block needs to be calculated repeatedly, it means that the block header must keep changing, otherwise it is impossible to calculate different hashes. All feature values ​​in the block header are fixed. In order to make the block header change, Satoshi Nakamoto deliberately added a random item called Nonce.
Nonce is a random value. The role of the miner is actually to guess the value of Nonce so that the hash of the block header can be smaller than the target value so that it can be written to the blockchain. Nonce is very difficult to guess. At present, we can only use trial and error one by one through exhaustive methods. According to the protocol, Nonce is a 32-bit binary value, which can reach a maximum of 2.147 billion. The Nonce value of the 100,000th block is 274148111. It can be understood that the miner started from 0 and calculated 274 million times before obtaining a valid Nonce value so that the calculated hash can meet the conditions.
If you are lucky, you may find Nonce in a while. If you are unlucky, you may have calculated it 2.147 billion times without finding the Nonce, that is, it is impossible to calculate a hash that meets the conditions for the current block body. At this time, the protocol allows miners to change the block body and start a new calculation.
7. Dynamic adjustment of difficulty coefficient
As mentioned in the previous section, mining is random, and there is no guarantee that a block will be produced in exactly ten minutes. Sometimes it can be calculated in one minute, and sometimes it may take several hours. No result. Overall, with the improvement of hardware equipment and the increase in the number of mining machines, the computing speed will definitely become faster and faster.
In order to keep the output rate constant at ten minutes, Satoshi Nakamoto also designed a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the difficulty coefficient. He stipulated that the difficulty factor should be adjusted every two weeks (2016 blocks). If the average block generation speed in these two weeks is 9 minutes, it means that it is 10% faster than the legal speed, so the next difficulty factor will be increased by 10%; if the average block generation speed is 11 minutes, thenThis means that it is 10% slower than the legal speed, so the difficulty factor of the next step must be lowered by 10%.
The difficulty coefficient is adjusted higher and higher (the target value is getting smaller and smaller), which makes mining more and more difficult.
8. Forks of the blockchain
Even if the blockchain is reliable, there is still an unresolved problem: if two people write data to the blockchain at the same time, that is to say, two people write data to the blockchain at the same time. Blocks join because they are connected to the previous block, forming a fork. Which block should be adopted at this time?
The current rule is that new nodes always adopt the longest blockchain. If there is a fork in the blockchain, it will look at which branch is behind the fork to reach 6 new blocks first (called six confirmations). Based on a block calculation of 10 minutes, it can be confirmed in one hour.
Since the generation speed of new blocks is determined by computing power, this rule means that the branch with the most computing power is the authentic blockchain.
9. Summary
Blockchain, as an unmanaged distributed database, has been running for 8 years since 2009 without major problems. This proves it works.
However, in order to ensure the reliability of data, blockchain also has its own price. The first is efficiency. You have to wait at least ten minutes to write data to the blockchain. All nodes synchronize the data, which requires more time. The second is energy consumption. The generation of blocks requires miners to perform countless meaningless calculations. This is Very energy consuming.
Therefore, the applicable scenarios of blockchain are actually very limited.
There is no management authority that all members trust
The written data does not require real-time use
The benefits of mining can make up for its own costs
If the above conditions cannot be met, then the traditional database is Better solution.
Currently, the largest application scenario (and possibly the only application scenario) of blockchain is the cryptocurrency represented by Bitcoin.

Ⅲ How to get started with blockchain. These knowledge are not difficult to learn

1. To learn blockchain knowledge, first learn the necessary concepts of blockchain knowledge.

2. [Blockchain]

The English name blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin and a decentralized accounting method.

3. [Block and Chain]

Block refers to the information block that records transaction information. Each block contains three main factors: The ID of the block, the odd number of the transaction, and the ID of the previous block.

The Bitcoin system generates a block approximately every 10 minutes. Each block contains the ID of the previous block, making the blocks form a complete transaction chain. The longest one is The only master blockchain.

4. [Bitcoin]

Bitcoin is a practical application of blockchain technology.Yong is a peer-to-peer electronic cash payment system that first existed as a virtual currency. Japan has recognized the legality of Bitcoin and can use Bitcoin for shopping.

5. [Satoshi Nakamoto]

The legendary founder of Bitcoin published a paper on a peer-to-peer electronic cash system in 2008, marking the The birth of Bitcoin.

6. [Digital Currency]

It is completely different from the Q coins and other virtual currencies we use to play games in real life. For example, in Japan, although Bitcoin is a digital currency , but it can already be used to purchase goods in real scenarios.

7. [PoW]

A type of consensus mechanism, also known as proof of work. Bitcoin currently uses this consensus mechanism. It is relatively simple and easy to reach consensus, but consumes huge amounts of energy and is prone to bifurcation.

8. [PoS]

A type of consensus mechanism, also known as proof of equity. People with greater equity have a greater probability of becoming bookkeepers, but bookkeeping Human ones are not necessarily professional, don’t consume much energy, and are prone to split ends.

9. [DpoS]

On the basis of PoS, the bookkeepers are changed from unprofessional to professionals, like the EOS we are familiar with. In this consensus method, holders jointly select 21 nodes and 100 reserve nodes to connect the EOS constitution to reach a consensus, and jointly incubate the ecology on EOS.

10. [Public key and private key]

In the world of blockchain, the public key is equivalent to the bank account number, and the private key is equivalent to the bank account number + withdrawal password. The private key is essentially an array of 32 bytes. The private key can generate the public key and address, but this behavior is irreversible, so it is crucial to keep the private key. Losing the private key is equivalent to losing money. And it can never be found back.

11. [Hash value]

It can be simply thought of as a set of data that is closely arranged together. No item in the data can be changed, otherwise The calculated consequences will be very different.

12. [Smart Contract]

It is a promise in digital form. Both parties involved can execute these promised agreements on the consumer network without artificial restrictions. .

13. [Credit Consensus]

Based on the characteristics of blockchain, it is a distributed accounting method that cannot be tampered with and is irreversible. A mechanism of trust that allows many people to form a trust based on digital algorithms.

14. [Public chain and private chain]

Public chain refers to a blockchain that can be participated in by people all over the world and can be read. It is open to everyone. The private chain is only in the hands of an organization and is only open to individuals or entities.

Blockchain is currently a hot topic. Many traditional large enterprises and venture capital are actively participating in the layout and investment of the blockchain industry. As the general public, we must master the necessary blockchain knowledge. , helps us judge and analyze real-world information and protect our investments.

IV How to invest in blockchain

Blockchain is indeed a general trend. Investing in blockchain can be carried out from the following aspects:
1. Enter the blockchain industry Engage in related work. It's still early days, the circle is still small, and it's easy to get in touch with big names in the same industry. If you can really settle down in this industry and continue to accumulate industry knowledge, in three to five years, you will be a big boss and will have more resources in the industry, which will be of huge benefit to your career and career development.
2. Half born with the blockchain is the digital currency market. Various digital currencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, etc. From the past 10 years, the return on investment of these currencies is quite high. , Bitcoin is as high as 8 million times. Therefore, from an investment perspective, you can invest part of your funds in digital currency, and you will get a good return after two or three years.
3. The other one is to start a blockchain business. This road is also the most difficult one to walk. When you see others issuing coins and making hundreds of millions of dollars, you may be tempted, but actually starting a business and contributing to the blockchain world is much more difficult than imagined. Everything is difficult. It’s easy to get lost if you have to figure it out on your own. Therefore, when choosing the path of entrepreneurship, you must be careful.
In fact, the best investment is to invest in your own brain and strengthen your understanding of blockchain. Regardless of whether you enter this industry or not, we should be full of curiosity about this new thing and not miss this rare opportunity. .

IV 108 Essential Knowledge Points for Getting Started with Blockchain

Author: Kong Lin

61. Trapped

Expect the currency price to rise, but unexpectedly the currency price falls after buying; or expect the currency price to fall, but unexpectedly the currency price rises after selling

62. Unwinding

After buying Bitcoin, the currency price fell, causing a temporary book loss, but the currency price rebounded later and the loss turned into profit

63. Going short

After selling Bitcoin because of the bearish market outlook, However, the currency price continued to rise, and I failed to buy in time, so I failed to make profits

64. Overbought

The currency price continued to rise to a certain height, and the buyer's power was basically exhausted. The currency price is about to fall

65. Oversold

The currency price continues to fall to a certain low, the seller's power is basically exhausted, and the currency price is about to rise

66. Lure bulls

The currency price has been consolidating for a long time, and it is more likely to fall. Most of the short sellers have sold Bitcoin, and suddenly the short sellers pulled up the price of the currency, inducing the long parties to think that the price of the currency will rise and buy one after another. As a result, the short sellers suppressed the price of the currency and locked up the long parties.

67. Lure shorts

After buying Bitcoin, bulls deliberately suppress the price of the currency, making short sellers think that the price of the currency will fall and sell them one after another. As a result, they fall into the trap of bulls

68. What is NFT

The full name of NFT is "Non-Fungible Tokens", which is a non-fungible token. Simply put, it is an indivisible token on the blockchain. Copyright certificate is mainly used to confirm and transfer the rights of digital assets. The difference from digital currency is that it is unique and indivisible. In essence, it is a unique digital asset.

69. What is the Metaverse

The Metaverse is a collection of virtual time and space, consisting of a series of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and the Internet (Internet) Composed of digital currency, which carries the function of value transfer in this world.

70. What is DeFi

DeFi, the full name is Decentralized Finance, which is "decentralized finance" or "distributed finance". "Decentralized finance", as opposed to traditional centralized finance, refers to various financial applications established in open decentralized networks. The goal is to establish a multi-level financial system based on blockchain technology and cryptocurrency. As a basis, re-create and improve the existing financial system

71. Who is Satoshi Nakamoto?

72. Bitcoin is different from Q Coin

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital asset with no issuing entity. Q Coin is an electronic currency issued by Tencent. It is similar to electronic points, but it is not actually a currency. Q Coin requires a centralized issuing institution. Q Coin can only be recognized and used because of the credit endorsement of Tencent. The scope of use is also limited to Tencent's games and services. The value of Q coins is entirely based on people's trust in Tencent.

Bitcoin is not issued through a centralized institution, but it is widely recognized around the world because Bitcoin can self-certify its trust. The issuance and circulation of Bitcoin are jointly accounted for by miners across the entire network, and are not A central authority is also needed to ensure that no one can tamper with the ledger.

73. What is a mining machine?

Taking Bitcoin as an example, a Bitcoin mining machine is a professional equipment that competes for accounting rights by running a large amount of calculations to obtain rewards for new Bitcoins. It generally consists of mining chips, heat sinks and fans.It only executes a single calculation program and consumes a lot of power. Mining is actually a competition between miners for computing power. Miners with more computing power have a greater probability of mining Bitcoin. As the computing power of the entire network increases, it becomes increasingly difficult to mine bits with traditional equipment (CPU, GPU), and people have developed chips specifically for mining. The chip is the core part of the mining machine. The operation of the chip will generate a large amount of heat. In order to dissipate heat, Bitcoin mining machines are generally equipped with heat sinks and fans. Users download Bitcoin mining software on their computers, use the software to assign tasks to each mining machine, and then start mining. Each currency has a different algorithm and requires different mining machines.

74. What is quantitative trading?

Quantitative trading, sometimes also called automated trading, refers to the use of advanced mathematical models to replace human subjective judgments, which greatly reduces the impact of investor sentiment fluctuations and avoids extreme fanaticism or pessimism in the market. make irrational investment decisions. There are many types of quantitative trading, including cross-platform trading, trend trading, hedging, etc. Cross-platform trading means that when the price difference between different target platforms reaches a certain amount, sell on the platform with a higher price and buy on the platform with a lower price.

75. Blockchain asset over-the-counter trading

Over-the-counter trading is also called OTC trading. Users need to find their own counterparties and do not need to match the transaction. The transaction price is determined by negotiation between the two parties. The two parties can fully communicate through face-to-face negotiation or telephone communication.

76. What is a timestamp?

The blockchain ensures that each block is connected sequentially through timestamps. Timestamps enable every piece of data on the blockchain to have a time stamp. Simply put, timestamps prove when something happened on the blockchain and cannot be tampered with by anyone.

77. What is a blockchain fork?

Upgrading software in a centralized system is very simple, just click "Upgrade" in the app store. However, in decentralized systems such as blockchain, "upgrading" is not that simple, and a disagreement may even cause a blockchain fork. Simply put, a fork refers to a disagreement when the blockchain is "upgraded", resulting in a fork in the blockchain. Because there is no centralized organization, every code upgrade of digital assets such as Bitcoin needs to be unanimously recognized by the Bitcoin community. If the Bitcoin community cannot reach an agreement, the blockchain is likely to form a fork.

78. Soft fork and hard fork

Hard fork means that when the Bitcoin code changes, the old nodes refuse to accept the blocks created by the new nodes. Blocks that do not comply with the original rules will be ignored, and miners will follow the original rules and create new blocks after the last block they verified. A soft fork means that old nodes are not aware of the changes to the Bitcoin code and continue to accept blocks created by new nodes. Miners may work on blocks they do not understand or verify at all.do. Both soft forks and hard forks are "backwards compatible" to ensure that new nodes can verify the blockchain from scratch. Backward compatibility means that new software accepts data or code generated by old software. For example, Windows 10 can run Windows XP applications. Soft forks can also be "forward compatible".

79. Classification and application of blockchain projects

Judging from the current mainstream blockchain projects, blockchain projects mainly fall into four categories: Category 1: Currency; The second category: platform category; the third category: application category; the fourth category: asset tokenization.

80. USDT against the US dollar

USDT is Tether USD, a token launched by Tether that is against the US dollar (USD). 1USDT=1 US dollar, users can use USDT and USD for 1:1 exchange at any time. Tether implements a 1:1 reserve guarantee system, that is, each USDT token will have a reserve guarantee of 1 US dollar, which supports the stability of the USDT price. The unit price of a certain digital asset is USDT, which is equivalent to its unit price in US dollars (USD).

81. Altcoins and alternative coins

Altcoins refer to blockchain assets that use the Bitcoin code as a template and make some modifications to its underlying technology blockchain, among which Those with technological innovations or improvements are also called alternative coins. Because the Bitcoin code is open source, the cost of plagiarism in Bitcoin is very low. You can even generate a brand new blockchain by simply copying the Bitcoin code and modifying some parameters.

82. Three major exchanges

Binance

Okex

Huobi

83. Market software

Mytoken

Non-small account

CMC

84. Information website

Babbitt

Golden Finance

Coin World News

85. Blockchain Browser

BTC

ETH

< p> BCH

LTC

ETC

86. Wallet

Imtoken

Bitpie

87. Decentralized exchange

uniswap

88. NFT exchange

Opensea< /p>

Super Rare

89. Ladder

Bring your own and buy a reliable ladder

90. Platform currency

Digital currency issued by the platform, used to deduct handling fees, transactions, etc.

91. Bull market, bear market

Bull market: rising market

Bear market: falling market

92. Blockchain 1.0

A currency trading system based on distributed ledgers, represented by Bitcoin

93. Blockchain 2.0

The contract blockchain technology represented by Ethereum (smart contract) is 2.0

94. Blockchain 3.0

In the era of intelligent Internet of Things, it goes beyond the financial field to provide decentralized solutions for various industries

95. Smart Contract

Smart Contract is a computer protocol designed to disseminate, verify or execute contracts in an information-based manner. Simply put, an electronic contract is set in advance and once both parties confirm, the contract is automatically executed.

96. What is a token?

The token economy is an economic system with Token as the only reference standard, which is equivalent to a pass. If you own Token, you have rights and interests, and you have the right to speak.

Big data is the means of production, AI is the new productivity, and blockchain is the new production relationship. Big data refers to a collection of data that cannot be captured, managed and processed within a certain time range using conventional software tools. It is a massive, high-growth and high-volume data set that requires new processing models to have stronger decision-making power, insight discovery and process optimization capabilities. Diverse information assets. Simply understood, big data is massive data accumulated over a long period of time and cannot be obtained in the short term. Blockchain can be used as a way to obtain big data, but it cannot replace big data. Big data is only used as a medium running in the blockchain and has no absolute technical performance, so the two cannot be confused. (The simple understanding of production relations is the labor exchange and consumption relations, the core lies in productivity, and the core of productivity lies in production tools)

ICO, Initial Coin Offering, initial public token issuance, is the first step in the blockchain digital currency industry. Crowdfunding. It is the most popular topic and investment trend in 2017, and the country launched a regulatory plan on September 4. Speaking of ICO, people will think of IPO, and the two are fundamentally different.

99. Five characteristics of digital currency

The first characteristic: decentralization

The second characteristic: having open source code

The third feature: independent electronic wallet

The fourth feature: constant issuance

The fifth feature: Can be circulated globally

100. What is decentralization?

It has no issuer, does not belong to any institution or country, and is a publicly issued currency designed, developed and stored on the Internet by Internet network experts.

100. What is measurement (scarcity)?

Once the total amount of issuance is set, it is permanently fixed, cannot be changed, cannot be over-issued at will, and is subject to global Internet supervision. Because the difficulty of mining and mining changes over time, the longer the time, the greater the difficulty of mining, and the fewer coins are mined, so it is scarce.

101. What is open source code?

The alphanumeric code is stored on the Internet. Anyone can find out the source code of its design, everyone can participate, can mine it, and it is open to the world.

102. What is anonymous transaction? Private wallet private?

Everyone can register and download the wallet online without real-name authentication. It is completely composed of encrypted digital codes. It can be sent and traded globally in real-time point-to-point without resorting to banks or any institutions. It cannot be traced by anyone without my authorization. ,Inquire.

A contract transaction refers to an agreement between a buyer and seller to receive a certain amount of an asset at a specified price at a certain time in the future. The objects of contract trading are standardized contracts formulated by the exchange. The exchange stipulates standardized information such as commodity type, transaction time, quantity, etc. A contract represents the rights and obligations of the buyer and seller.

105. Digital Currency Industry Chain

Chip manufacturers, mining machine manufacturers, and mining machine agents mine and export to exchanges for retail investors to speculate in coins< /p>

106. Who is Kong Lin?

Kong Lin: Digital Currency Value Investor

Investment style: Steady

p>

107. Konglin Investment Strategy

Combining long-term and short-term, focusing on price investment, no contracts, no short-term play

Reasonable layout, scientific operation, steady and conservative, earning Cycle money

108. Konglin?

Welcome currency friends and seek common development

VI A beginner’s guide to investing in digital currency (blockchain), just read this article

Blockchain Compared with other investment methods, the entry threshold for digital currency investment is relatively high. Many friends want to invest in digital currency but don’t know where to start or what to learn. Although51Coins has updated a lot of relevant knowledge in the "Beginners Playing Coin" section, but it is not systematic enough

This time we will systematically organize and summarize the information related to blockchain and digital currency investment. , allowing everyone to understand and invest in digital currencies faster and more conveniently

1. Understand the blockchain and digital currencies

No matter what you invest in, you must understand it and distinguish it. The same goes for blockchain and digital currencies. There are many introductions about blockchain on the Internet, some are too profound, and some are not comprehensive enough. I personally think the video "100 Questions on Blockchain" produced by Huobi is better

100 videos , all of which are blockchain-related knowledge, including: the birth of Bitcoin, operating principles, blockchain FAQs, mining, wallet introduction, etc., and are all in the form of animated videos, making it easier for everyone to understand. Although the explanation is not detailed enough, it can give you a preliminary understanding of digital currency and blockchain

2. Choose a trading platform

After understanding digital currency, you can try to use the trading platform Purchase a small amount of digital currency and experience the process. The purchase and sale of digital currencies must be completed through a trading platform, which is equivalent to a stock exchange in the stock market. It is recommended to choose a large trading platform for the trading platform, which has a comprehensive range of currencies, convenient transactions, and guaranteed fund security

The following three platforms are recommended: Binance, Huobi, and OKEX (ranked in no particular order)

< p> 3. Choose a wallet

If digital currency is compared to cash, a wallet is equivalent to a bank card, used to store digital currency. There are many types of wallets, and the most commonly used ones now are mobile APP wallets (light wallets). Wallets are also divided into types. Different similar digital currencies cannot be transferred to the same wallet. For example, if imtoken is an Ethereum wallet, it can only store Ethereum and tokens issued based on Ethereum, but not other currencies

< p> There are also wallets that claim to support all digital currencies, but most of these wallets are not yet complete.

Of course, after we buy digital currency, we don’t need to deposit it in the wallet, but directly put it in the exchange account, which can save the handling fee and not be so troublesome. Large exchanges such as Huobi and OKEX are relatively It is safe. I personally basically put digital currencies on exchanges

4. Determine the investment plan

Before investing in digital currencies, we must first determine our investment plan and plan to invest. How much money, how much loss you can accept, what is the expected return, and how long the investment time frame is, determine it before investing. Digital currency is a high-risk, high-yield investment product. In the novice stage, you can invest only your spare money that does not affect your life. There is no limit on the amount of investment, and the minimum investment is a few hundred yuan.

Wait until you truly understand the market before making the appropriate investment. Increase the amount of investment, but also remember to control the amount of investment within your own tolerance

5. Choose investment coins

After choosing a trading platform and confirming an investment plan, you can buy digital currencies. So which one should we buy among so many digital currencies? When buying coins for the first time, it is recommended to choose mainstream coins. You can choose a few coins that you like among the top 20 in the market or recognized value coins

Find out what these coins are for and whether they are available What is the actual value, what news has recently affected the currency price trend, etc.

Understand these issues before buying, and be sure to pay attention to the purchase price before buying

6. Common tools, Website

1. Non-small account: You can view information related to each currency and exchange, including currency price, historical price, increase and decrease, circulation volume, ranking and other information

2 , AICoin: The function is similar to that of non-small accounts. The K-line of aicoin is very convenient and easy to use. It is the first choice for watching K-line charts

3. Coin World: Real-time updates of news and information related to various blockchains and digital currencies

4. Golden Finance: A relatively comprehensive blockchain media platform, including news, news, quotes, celebrity columns, etc.

7. Learn more relevant knowledge

< p> With the above 6 points as a basis, even if we have initially learned about digital currency investment, we still need to learn more knowledge if we want to truly make money by investing in digital currencies. The two most important points are to deepen the understanding of the blockchain and technical analysis (K line)

These two are too broad and cannot be learned overnight, so I will not introduce them, K You can find a lot of online knowledge online. As we invest longer, understand more currencies, and come into contact with more related matters, we will gradually deepen our understanding of blockchain.

Ⅶ How to learn blockchain technology< /p>

1.
The first stage: The introductory basics of blockchain technology theory is suitable for students who have various needs for blockchain technology. It is the most comprehensive and latest collection currently...< br />2.
The second stage: from entry to mastery in blockchain technology research and development Introduction: There is no doubt that blockchain technology is a very hot new technology at the moment, and it is favored by large IT companies around the world...< br />3.
The third stage: Introduction to the complete collection of the latest high-value selected e-books: In addition to video tutorials, I...
See all

Ⅷ Do you understand blocks? Those who invest in blockchain would like to ask how everyone participates in blockchain investment and how safe are the returns?

I have the best say on this. I have been in the cryptocurrency industry for five or six years. I have bought equipment, traded on major exchanges, opened contracts, and added leverage. In recent years, I have actually made less money and lost more money. Later I discovered that investing in blockchain is actually equivalent to stock trading. Those who have lost money want to continue participating in the hope of a comeback, and those who have made money want to continue participating in the hope of making a lot of money. After going back and forth like this, coupled with the fact that I don’t know much about what blockchain is, naturally I won’t get much.If there are too many profits, they will often be harvested into leeks.
Recently, a friend of mine in the currency circle introduced me to a company called Hada Meta. It is headquartered in Singapore and has a technical team in China. My friend asked me to listen to the sharing given by their technical staff, and my eyes brightened. Let me share with you my experience.
First of all, when I first came into contact with the company Hada Meta, I subconsciously thought that they were probably similar to the companies I had encountered before. They just talked and tricked you into buying equipment. But the people who listened to their introduction for most of the day did not mention the equipment at all. They kept sharing how to choose reliable investment products in the blockchain market, and how to participate in order to maximize returns and guarantees. Investment safety surprised me, and I started to get a little interested.
Then they analyzed to me why I made less and lost more when I invested in blockchain before. In the final analysis, it was because I didn’t do a good job of “selecting” and “investing”. I really don’t know how to choose a good blockchain investment product. When I see which project is popular, I invest in it, and I can’t help but buy equipment, or wait for it to go online and speculate directly. As a result, they told me that my investment method was most likely to be cut off. I thought about it carefully. After all, I was already a step later than others when I participated, so the benefits I received were naturally less.
Finally, they specially designed a blockchain product investment plan for me based on my actual situation. They told me that I am suitable for short-term investment. In this case, I should not buy equipment because it is not worth it and the cost is high. Short-term investment may only last a few months, and there is no need to buy equipment. The dividend period for short-term investment is the testing period before the public blockchain goes online, so they suggested that I rent cloud computing power to participate. This way, the risk is small, the investment is small, and the returns are high.
To be honest, I have never seen a team like theirs. Maybe if I sell the equipment directly, I can make more money, but they did not do that. Instead, they advised me to do what I can. I think it’s pretty reliable