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㈠ Nowadays, there are many blockchain applications. What kind of blockchain applications are good? Where can I get a clear understanding of them?

I want to know about blockchain For chain applications, you can refer to many books and opinions, including "Blockchain in Pictures", "Blockchain: Reshaping the Economy and the World", "New Economic Blueprint and Introduction", as well as articles from the Binance community, including comments on the Binance community I also know this platform in detail, and its strength is awesome.

1. What is blockchain

Blockchain, as the name suggests, is composed of blocks and chains. It is a distributed data storage , point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other new application models of computer technology. It is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be an untamperable, unforgeable, safe and trustworthy distributed ledger.

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concept of blockchain and encrypted digital currency in his paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System". Starting from Bitcoin, blockchain has become the underlying technology of various digital currencies.

2. The working principle of blockchain:

1. Basic concepts include:
(1) Transaction: one operation will change the ledger status once , such as adding a record;
(2) Block: records transactions and status data that occurred within a specified time, which is a consensus and preservation of the current ledger status;
(3) Chain ( Chain): It is composed of blocks connected in chronological order and is a log record of the entire state change.
Understanding the working concept of blockchain, it is not difficult to understand its working principle. Suppose there is a distributed data record book. This record book only allows additions, deletions and changes. Its structure is composed of individual data records. A linear chain formed by "blocks" connected in series (this is also the origin of the name "blockchain"). To add new data, it must be placed in a new block. The maintenance node can propose a new block. However, a certain consensus mechanism must be used to reach agreement on the final selected block.

2. Take Bitcoin as an example to see how the blockchain works.

Bitcoin blocks are divided into two parts: block header and block body.

3. Core advantages and characteristics of blockchain

1. Decentralization
Block The processes of verification, accounting, storage, maintenance and transmission of chain data are all based on the distributed system structure. There is no centralized hardware or management organization. The rights and obligations of any node are equal. The data blocks in the system are composed of Nodes with maintenance functions in the entire system are jointly maintained.
2. Open and transparent
The system is open. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the data of the blockchainIt is open to everyone, and anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface, so the entire system information is highly transparent.
3. Security
The blockchain adopts consensus-based specifications and protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the entire system to exchange data freely and securely in a trustless environment. , so that trust in "people" is changed to trust in machines, and any human intervention has no effect.
4. Information cannot be tampered
Once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system (almost impossible) can be controlled at the same time, otherwise Modifications to the database on a single node are invalid, so the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high.
5. Anonymity
Since the exchange between nodes follows a fixed algorithm, the data interaction does not require trust (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is valid by itself), so the counterparty does not need to Making the other party trust you by disclosing your identity is very helpful for the accumulation of credit.

4. Classification of Blockchains

Currently, the most mainstream classification of Blockchains is to divide Blockchains into Public Blockchains based on different participants. ), Private Blockchain and Consortium Blockchain.

1. Public chain: Anyone can participate in the use and maintenance, and can obtain effective confirmation of the blockchain. The public chain is the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain at present. , typically such as the Bitcoin blockchain, the information is completely public.

If a permission mechanism is introduced, it will include private chain and alliance chain.
2. Private chain: A company or individual only uses blockchain technology and has exclusive write permission to the blockchain, and the information is not made public. At present, conservative giants (traditional finance) all want to experiment with private blockchains, and the application products of private blockchains are still being explored.
3. Consortium chain: It is a blockchain between the public chain and the virtual chain, jointly controlled by multiple organizations. The use of this chain is managed with authority and can be controlled by managers and also based on The manager's wishes are open to others.
In addition, according to the different usage scenarios and purposes of blockchain, it is divided into currency chains for the purpose of digital currency, property rights chains for the purpose of recording property rights, crowdfunding chains for the purpose of crowdfunding, etc. .

5. Analysis of specific application scenarios of blockchain

1. Information anti-counterfeiting

On May 28, Tencent CEO Ma Huateng spoke at the Guiyang Digital Expo The problem of Moutai anti-counterfeiting has been raised: the anti-counterfeiting method based on cloud-based comprehensive blockchain technology will be much more efficient than traditional anti-counterfeiting methods. In future anti-counterfeiting verification scenarios, users may simply scan using their mobile phones to obtain a large number of complete information based on different dimensions.complete information.

Take Moutai as an example:

Distillery address, production workshop, operating employees, inspectors, factory time, transportation vehicle information and driver information,

The vintage source of raw materials for wine, raw material suppliers, storage warehouse numbers, raw material transportation vehicles and driver information,

All information can be accurately traced, permanently recorded and cannot be tampered with.

The authenticity can be easily verified based on the above information.

2. Food safety issues

As early as November last year, Walmart had cooperated with IBM to ensure food safety by using blockchain technology to track food sources. safety and increase the circulation of food to reduce costs. For large supermarkets such as Wal-Mart, when food safety problems occurred in the past, it took several days to investigate the source of the problematic food. After using this technology, only one piece of information about the product is required. It can accurately trace the source of important information such as food origin, inspectors, suppliers, logistics and transportation, and quickly detect problems within a few minutes. Currently, products tracked using blockchain include packaging products in the United States and pork in China.

3. Information Security

Blockchain technology is promoting a revolution in information security technology. Three major security threats: man-in-the-middle attack, data tampering, and DDoS

(1) Identity protection

PKI is a common public key encryption used in various communication applications such as email, messaging applications, and websites. technology. However, since most PKI implementations rely on a centralized trusted third-party certification authority (CA) to issue, activate and store user certificates, hackers can attack PKI to fake user identities or crack encrypted information.

CertCoin is the first blockchain PKI implementation, coming from MIT, which removes the centralized certification center and uses the blockchain as a distributed ledger of domain names and public keys.

Pomcor Company: Blockchain PKI implementation path: retain the certification center and use the blockchain to store hash values ​​of issued and activated certificates. Users can verify the authenticity of certificates through decentralized and transparent sources, while also improving network access performance through local authentication of keys and signatures based on blockchain copies.

(2) Data integrity protection

GuardTime has developed a keyless signature architecture (KSI) based on blockchain technology to replace key-based data authentication technology. KSI stores hashes of the original data and files on the blockchain, runs hashing algorithms to verify other copies, and compares the results with the data stored on the blockchain. Any tampering with the data will be quickly detected because the original hash table is stored on millions of nodes.

(3) Protection of critical infrastructure

The "Achilles' heel" of the Internet, DDoS has entered the TB era, and DDoS is still the easiest way for hackers to defeat large targets at low cost. Weapons, DNS services are top targets for hackers to carry out massive damage, but blockchain technology is expected to fundamentally solve it.

The distributed storage of blockchain makes hacker attacks lose focus. Nebulis is developing a distributed DNS system using the Ethereum blockchain and the InterPlanetary Internet File System (IPFS, a distributed alternative to HTTP product) to register and resolve domain names. The biggest weakness of DNS is caching. Caching makes DDoS attacks possible and is also the bane of centralized governments censoring social networks and manipulating DNS registrations. A highly transparent, distributed DNS system can effectively prevent any entity, including the government, from manipulating records.

IV. Financial Industry

(1) Digital Currency: Improving the convenience of currency issuance and use

For example, foreign Bitcoin and Ethereum, our country currently There are Nuo Compao and so on.

From the use of physical transactions, to physical currency and credit currency, to the rise of the Bitcoin network, more people are aware of the distributed ledger blockchain technology behind it, and gradually outside of digital currency applied in many scenarios.

(2) Cross-border payment and settlement: realize point-to-point transactions and reduce intermediate costs

Transfer and payment. At present, the most mature application of blockchain technology is payment and transfer. Blockchain technology can avoid complicated systems, save the process of inter-bank reconciliation and review, and speed up settlement; using virtual currency does not require the intervention of a clearing house, reducing transaction fee. The clearing procedures of each country are different. It takes 2 or 3 days for a single remittance to arrive, which is inefficient and accounts for a large proportion of funds in transit. No longer going through a third party, point-to-point payment is formed through blockchain technology. Eliminating the need for third-party institutions, you can make payments throughout the day, receive money in real time, quickly withdraw cash, and reduce hidden costs, helping to avoid financial risks. It is timely and convenient.

(3) Bills and supply chain financial business: reduce human intervention, reduce costs and operational risks

Point-to-point value transfer, physical bills or central system for control and verification; intermediary will be eliminated and human intervention reduced. Improved efficiency, smoother financing channels, lower risks, and benefits for all parties.

(4) Securities issuance and trading: realize quasi-real-time asset transfer and accelerate transaction clearing speed

The application of blockchain technology can make the securities trading process simpler, more transparent and faster , Reduce IT systems with repetitive functions and improve the efficiency of market operations. For stocks, blockchain can eliminate paper and pen or spreadsheet records, reduce human errors in transactions, and improve the transparency and traceability of trading platforms. Citi and Nasdaq collaborate to advance blockchain applications.

(5) Customer credit reporting and anti-fraud: reduce legal compliance costs and prevent financial crimes

Customer information and transaction records recorded in the blockchain help banks identify Abnormal transactions and effectively prevent fraud. The technical characteristics of blockchain can change the existing credit reporting system. When banks perform "know your customer" (KYC), the data of customers with bad records will be stored in the blockchain.

Equity Crowdfunding: Setting UpEquity crowdfunding on blockchain technology can achieve decentralized trust and investors’ returns are guaranteed.

5. Supply chain management

Distributed ledger system, participants track the ownership of assets throughout the process, and can be used to track auto parts when moving between countries and factories.

Toyota is developing blockchain technology solutions for its core parts supply chain operations. Using a large amount of data helps Toyota more efficiently ensure the accuracy of recorded data and can also help manage the supply chain. At the same time, the blockchain supply chain can control warranty, repair goods-related costs and specifications through smart contracts, and transactions throughout the product life cycle are irrevocable.

The shipping industry’s first public solution, deployed by Maritime Transport International (MTI), uses blockchain supply chain technology to share Verified Gross Mass (VGM) information for shipping containers. Information about container VGM is important to ensure ships are properly stowed and to prevent accidents at sea and in ports. VGM data is stored on the blockchain supply chain, providing a permanent record for port officials, shipping companies, shippers and cargo owners. This replaces cumbersome logs, spreadsheets, data brokers and private databases.

Logistics Integrity System Wagonbang Wagonbang launched a blockchain-based financial solution for logistics enterprises, aiming to provide enterprises with reliable financial services. It can not only help drivers solve the problem of loan difficulty, but also change the current situation of lack of integrity in the industry and help build a logistics integrity system. Help build the identity chain of logistics companies and create a trusted data ecosystem for logistics companies. Using a transparent, supervisory, and traceable algorithm model, we screen reliable companies that need financial support and provide them with financial services. On the other hand, at the technical level, various law enforcement departments are linked to jointly punish dishonest companies.

6. Government management

(1) Election

Based on the characteristics of blockchain technology and considering the shortcomings of current election technology, we will build an open source , Blockchain applications for elections, voting and lottery, we call it ElectionChain. We hope to optimize election and voting technology to make voting more open and transparent, reduce human manipulation, and allow voters to verify their election results.

Including identity authentication, multi-chain system, flash investment protocol, consensus algorithm EDPOS, privacy protection, voting mechanism design, decentralized ELC rental market, storage solutions, smart contracts, etc.

(2) Government services

Aiming to realize an e-government digital ecosystem based on blockchain technology and provide citizens with government services and an automated mechanism for the business of various government departments, it must be All areas of national government affairs are combined to form a common information space, including government agencies, economic data, financial transactions and social fields. This ecosystem should also include registries and corresponding software for building smart contract-based applications and platforms for government agencies, businesses and public users.

How?Grab crowdfunding on the blockchain

How does the PHP website connect to blockchain crowdfunding
How does the PHP website connect to blockchain crowdfunding, crowdfunding platforms and methods based on blockchain and process

Feng Xuexuan
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The invention belongs to the field of crowdfunding, in particular to a Blockchain-based crowdfunding platform and method.
Background technology:

Currently, there are a series of critical illness fundraising systems on the market, such as Shuidichi, EasyCho, and Wuyouchi. Patients can raise funds on these critical illness fundraising systems. . These critical illness fundraising systems claim to not charge any handling fees, but many people cannot believe this. After all, any company wants to make a profit. No one dares to publish remittance records. There is the possibility of secret operations, which has a lot of credibility. lacking.

Technical implementation elements:

The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a crowdfunding platform and method based on blockchain, using blockchain Each fundraising transaction record is recorded, and anyone can query the transaction records to resolve donors' concerns.

The purpose of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a blockchain-based crowdfunding platform, including:

Patient module, used by patients in crowdfunding Publish crowdfunding information on the platform;

The review module is used to review the crowdfunding information released by the patient;

The promotion module is used to review the crowdfunding information that has passed the review Publish and promote crowdfunding information;

Donation module, used by donors to use digital currency to donate to patients’ crowdfunding accounts;

Blockchain module, used Used to record data information in the crowdfunding process;

The processing module is used to establish a crowdfunding account in the blockchain module for patients whose crowdfunding information has passed the review, and after the fundraising deadline Convert the funds in the crowdfunding account into cash flow and remit it to the patient's bank account based on the current currency exchange rate; and use it to transfer the patient's crowdfunding information, donor's donation information and remittance to the patient's bank account The remittance information is recorded in the blockchain module;

The query module is used for queryers to view crowdfunding information, donation information and remittance information.

Preferably, the blockchain-based crowdfunding platform also includes:

A reporting module for whistleblowers to report crowdfunding information released by patients;

The verification module is used to verify the reporting information of the whistleblower.

Preferably, the patient module includes:

Registration sub-module, used by patients to register platform accounts;

Login sub-module, used Register at the patient’s sideThe platform account;

The information release sub-module is used by patients to publish crowdfunding information after logging in to the platform account.

Blockchain-based crowdfunding methods include:

Patients publish crowdfunding information on crowdfunding platforms;

Crowdfunding platforms Review the crowdfunding information released by the patient. If the review passes, a crowdfunding account will be established for the patient on the blockchain module, and the patient's crowdfunding information will be recorded in the blockchain module. on;

Publish and promote the approved crowdfunding information;

Donors use digital currency to donate to the patient’s crowdfunding account, the crowdfunding platform Record the donor's donation information on the blockchain module;

After the patient's fundraising ends, the crowdfunding platform will transfer the funds in the patient's crowdfunding account based on the current currency exchange rate. The funds are converted into cash flow and said cash flow is transferred to the patient's bank account.

Preferably, the blockchain-based crowdfunding method also includes:

Inquiries check the patient’s crowdfunding information and donor donations through the crowdfunding platform Information and remittance information from the crowdfunding platform to the patient's bank account.

Preferably, the blockchain-based crowdfunding method also includes:

The reporter reports the crowdfunding information released by the patient;
< br />The crowdfunding platform will verify the crowdfunding information released by the patient based on the reporting information of the reporter. If the report is true, the crowdfunding information will be revoked and the donation in the patient's crowdfunding account will be returned to the corresponding amount. Donors.

Preferably, the method of promoting the approved crowdfunding information includes one or more of app promotion, mini program promotion and circle of friends promotion.

The preferred blockchain-based crowdfunding method also includes: if the donor does not have digital currency, open an account for the donor on the crowdfunding platform, and then convert the funds according to the current exchange rate for the corresponding digital currency.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) In the present invention, all fundraising data are recorded in the blockchain. Due to the non-tampering characteristics of the blockchain data, , making fundraising data open and transparent, users can easily view each transaction record of crowdfunding, making all donation details open and transparent, which helps eliminate the concerns of donors and patients about black-box operations;

(2) In the solution of the present invention, donations of digital currency are accepted, thereby allowing digital currency to participate in public welfare services.

Explanation of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the blockchain-based crowdfunding platform;

Figure 2 is a blockchain-based crowdfunding platform Crowdfunding method processSchematic diagram.

Detailed embodiments

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the implementation of the present invention. examples, not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Refer to Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a blockchain-based crowdfunding platform and method:

As shown in Figure 1, the blockchain-based crowdfunding platform The fundraising platform includes patient module, review module, promotion module, donation module, processing module, query module, blockchain module, reporting module and verification module, etc.

The patient module includes a registration sub-module, a login sub-module and an information release sub-module. The registration sub-module is used by the patient to register a platform account. When registering, the patient sets the corresponding account name and login password. One account name can only be used once in the entire fundraising platform, that is, there cannot be two identical account names. The login sub-module is used by the patient to log in to the platform account. The patient logs in to the corresponding platform account according to the account name and login password. The crowdfunding platform verifies whether the account name and login password match. If they match, the patient logs in to the corresponding platform account successfully. Otherwise, it prompts to log in. fail. The information release sub-module is used by patients to publish crowdfunding information after logging into the platform account. The crowdfunding information includes the patient's real personal information, fundraising reasons and supporting materials, fundraising amount, fundraising time, etc.

The review module is used to review the crowdfunding information released by the patient. If there are problems such as incomplete data, incorrect data or falsified data in the crowdfunding information, the crowdfunding information will be Dismiss directly.

The promotion module is used to publish and promote the approved crowdfunding information. The methods for promoting the approved crowdfunding information include app promotion, mini program promotion and circle of friends promotion. one or more.

The donation module is used by donors to make donations to the patient’s crowdfunding account.

The processing module includes a crowdfunding account creation sub-module, a fund processing sub-module and an information recording sub-module. The crowdfunding account creation sub-module is used to establish a crowdfunding account in the blockchain module for patients whose crowdfunding information has passed review. The fund processing sub-module is used to convert the funds in the crowdfunding account into cash flow based on the current currency exchange rate after the fundraising deadline, and then remit the cash flow to the patient's bank account. The information recording sub-module is used to record the patient's crowdfunding information, donor's donation information and remittance information to the patient's bank account in the blockchain module.

The query module is used by the queryer to view the crowdfunding information, donation information and remittance information.

The blockchain module is used to record crowdfunding information, donation information and remittance information, as well as establishing a crowdfunding account. The process of recording information by the blockchain module is: creating a transaction (tx); broadcasting the transaction (tx) through the p2p network; verifying the transaction (tx); broadcasting the verification result of the transaction (tx) through the p2p network; The transaction (tx) is written to the ledger.

The reporting module is used by whistleblowers to report crowdfunding information released by patients.

The verification module is used to verify the reporting information of the reporter. If the report is true, the crowdfunding information will be revoked and the donation in the patient's crowdfunding account will be returned to the corresponding amount. Donors.

The blockchain-based crowdfunding platform also includes an account opening module, which is used to provide digital currency account opening functions. If the donor does not have digital currency, he or she can open an account for the donor on the crowdfunding platform. operation, and then convert the funds into the corresponding digital currency based on the current exchange rate.

As shown in Figure 2, the blockchain-based crowdfunding method includes:

s1. The patient publishes crowdfunding information on the crowdfunding platform.

Before step s1, it also includes: the patient registers a platform account on the crowdfunding platform, and the patient logs in to the platform account.

s2. The crowdfunding platform will review the crowdfunding information released by the patient. If the review is passed, a crowdfunding account will be established for the patient on the blockchain module and all information will be transferred to the patient. The patient’s crowdfunding information is recorded on the blockchain module.

s3. Publish and promote the approved crowdfunding information. The ways to promote the approved crowdfunding information include one or more of app promotion, mini program promotion and circle of friends promotion.

s4. The donor uses digital currency to donate to the patient’s crowdfunding account, and the crowdfunding platform records the donor’s donation information on the blockchain module. Donors transfer funds based on the patient's account address (in the crowdfunding information) provided by the crowdfunding platform. They can add remark information when transferring; they only need to provide the patient's account address when transferring, and any error in the transfer cannot be withdrawn.

s5. After the patient’s fundraising ends, the crowdfunding platform will convert the funds in the patient’s crowdfunding account into cash flow based on the current currency exchange rate, and transfer the cash flow Transfer to the patient's bank account.

In this embodiment, crowdfunding information, donation information, remittance information, etc. are recorded in the blockchain module, and the non-tamperable characteristics of blockchain data are used to prevent relevant information from being tampered with and ensure that Ensure the authenticity of relevant recorded information.

The blockchain-based crowdfunding method also includes:

Inquiries can check the patient’s crowdfunding information, donor’s donation information and crowdfunding information through the crowdfunding platform. The remittance information of the remittance platform to the patient's bank account.

The blockchain-based crowdfunding method also includes: the whistleblower reports the crowdfunding information released by the patient; the crowdfunding platform uses the whistleblower’s reporting information to report the crowdfunding information released by the patient. The information will be verified. If the report is true, the crowdfunding information will be revoked and the donation in the patient's crowdfunding account will be returned to the corresponding donor.

Blockchain-based crowdfunding methods also include: If the donor does not have digital currency, you can open an account for the donor on the crowdfunding platform (that is, form a blockchain wallet for the donor ), and then convert the funds into the corresponding digital currency based on the current exchange rate.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various Other combinations, modifications and environments can be made within the scope of the ideas described herein through the above teachings or technology or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

How to connect PHP website to blockchain crowdfunding
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㈢ Blockchain variety analysis of PressOne

PressOne exchange quota has been announced, and investors who have participated in ICO before have received more than expected— —Almost doubled the chips. This article is about some thoughts about PressOne, an interpretation of the rules when crowdfunding the PressOne project, what is the PressOne project, what development can it have, and besides investing in PRS, what can we do on PressOne?

1. Interpretation of PressOne Crowdfunding Rules

I have read PressOne’s ICO manual many times and found it very interesting. A word-for-word reading and analysis will help us. Better understand project information and control risks. Due to the particularity of PressOne, it is important to understand the project white paper when participating in other ICO projects.

In PressOne’s ICO instructionsThere is a passage:

Read the information that can be seen from the risk warning section word for word as follows:

The information in the PRS offering detailed rules:
< br />To sum up, the benefits of participating in the PRS ICO are:

1) A proportional preferential reward of 1 billion, 2) 50% of the currency holders own about 25% of the PRS investment to generate income. Dividend rights, 3) There is a possibility of no less than 5 times increase in the future.

2. PressOne project analysis

1. What is PressOne?

PressOne is a content distribution public chain based on the EOS blockchain infrastructure, where people can create a variety of content-based decentralized applications.

By design, the PressOne system is isolated into two levels:

The benefit of this is in line with Occam's razor principle - do not add entities unless necessary. The underlying operating system, like BTC and ETH, completes the most important functions of accounting and smart contracts. It can be shared by other content applications running on the PressOne public chain and is the necessary foundation for the future development of PressOne's ecosystem. The upper layer The application only needs to complete the content part. The initial team will make examples and invite more teams to join to enrich the entire content ecosystem.

2.What problem does PressOne solve?

It’s time for the centralized content distribution model to be overturned. PressOne solves the problem of intermediation in content dissemination. Publishers and channels are replaced by systems and programs, and efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, Costs have also dropped significantly.

Generally speaking, the content industry only requires content producers and content recipients, and value transfer occurs between content producers and content recipients, without the need for other links. That is:

1) The content output by value content producers will be recognized and paid for by content recipients who need the value, such as high-quality novels, professional knowledge, etc.

2) The content output by non-value content producers must be paid before it can be viewed by content recipients, such as advertisements and products. After viewing, content recipients will have a certain proportion of purchase conversion and re-dissemination

Examples of content dissemination are as follows:

1) Value content producers output content - Content recipient 1 pays to read and disseminate - Content recipient 2 pays to read and disseminate... Value content The dissemination of content becomes more valuable, and the more people pay, the more readers will pay after paying.After the first dissemination, you can also share the revenue share of the value content after the dissemination, that is, truly paying for knowledge.

2) Non-value content producers output content - Content recipient 1 reads and spreads it for a fee - Content recipient 2 reads and spreads it for a fee... The spread of non-value content becomes Now, reading an advertisement requires paying people who actually see the advertisement, and the conversion rate will increase after the real target customers see it. People who spread the advertisement again will also get the benefits of spreading the content, that is,

The above are just examples. The mode of communication is cross-communication rather than simple series

3. Content that can be spread on PressOne

Text sharing, music sharing, video live broadcast , picture sharing, Weibo sharing, e-commerce sharing, etc. In theory, all content dissemination that can be disintermediated can be disseminated based on PressOne, such as paid reading, paid video, product information, advertising information, etc.

4. Examples of possible projects for PressOne:

Several projects that may be directly ported to PressOne: 1. The prs version of Xinsheng University, 2. The prs version of One Listen, 3. Get prs version, 4. Harper's Bazaar prs version, the copyright has been purchased...

3. In addition to investing, what else can we do on PressOne?

1. The self-media on PRS outputs valuable content through personal blogs or personal videos, and receives reading payments and systematic rewards from regular followers and communicators.

2. Content reviewers on PRS use their own contributions to filter out information that is harmful to the public and receive rewards from the system

3. Content comments on PRS Those who make high-quality comments on the content on PRS can receive rewards from the system.

4. Content disseminators on PRS receive a share of the author’s paid content by disseminating other valuable content.

3. Merchants on PRS can mine accurate paying users through paid reading. In the blockchain world, it is impossible to fake products. High-quality products are the guarantee for the long-term survival of merchants.

4. Incubation projects on PRS, excellent project teams can incubate their own projects in PRS, such as Li Xiaolai’s most successful community in the column on the road to freedom of wealth - the non-outgoing community. Now it has begun to hatch slowly.

4. The future of PressOne

Regarding the future, hold the coins in your hands, ignore the fluctuations, and wait patiently for the fruits in a few years. Quoting Teacher Xiaolai’s Weibo: “There are four companies with a market value of more than 500 billion US dollars: Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon... In a few years, humans will see companies with a market value of one trillion US dollars... ​​​​”

Talking about it doesn’t count, it’s about getting started. I hope this will be the future of PressOne!

Finally, all thoughts about PressOne are based on my superficial understanding of the blockchain, which may be wrong. Wait for time to prove it!

㈣ Popular explanation of what blockchain is

Question 1: What is blockchain? Can you explain the principle of 10-point blockchain in plain language: decentralization A distributed accounting system
The core of blockchain technology is that all currently participating nodes jointly maintain transactions and databases. It makes transactions based on cryptographic principles rather than trust, so that any two parties who reach an agreement can directly Payment transactions are carried out without the involvement of a third party.
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Technically speaking, a block is a data structure that records transactions, reflecting the flow of funds for a transaction. The blocks of transactions that have been reached in the system are connected together to form a main chain, and all nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain. A block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash hash formed by the previous block, and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, specifically including the private keys of both parties to the transaction, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc.; the hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks to realize the past The order of transactions; random numbers are the core of transaction completion. All miner nodes compete to calculate the answer to the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for update, thus completing a transaction.
1.1 What is Blockchain
Blockchain (BlockChain) refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. This technical solution mainly allows any number of nodes participating in the system to associate and generate a series of data blocks (blocks) using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains all the information exchange data of the system within a certain period of time, and generates The data fingerprint is used to verify the validity of its information and chain to the next database block.
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In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to aA way for all people to participate in accounting. Behind all systems there is a database, which is a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. At present, it is whoever owns the system who keeps the accounts. Each bank’s account books are kept by each bank, and Alipay’s account books are kept by Alibaba. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are new transaction data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write the recorded content to the ledger, and Send the contents of the ledger during this period to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. Therefore, this data becomes very safe. A tamperer needs to modify more than half of the system node data at the same time to truly tamper with the data. Such tampering would be extremely costly, making it nearly impossible. For example, Bitcoin has been running for more than 7 years. Countless hackers around the world have tried to attack Bitcoin, but so far there have been no transaction errors. It can be considered that the Bitcoin blockchain has been proven to be a safe and reliable system.
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1.2 Why is there blockchain innovation?
Human beings need to communicate during their activities, and communication is based on information. In the past, information circulation was not convenient enough to satisfy market participants. There is a demand for information, so intermediaries and centers are born. This centralized system has problems such as high cost, low efficiency, value dispersion, "information islands" and insecure data storage. However, due to technical and environmental factors, this system continued to operate for many years until the emergence of the Internet. The starting point of the first generation of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which is an open code that implements a unified format for peer-to-peer transmission of information by all nodes on the network, and brings the basic values ​​of freedom and equality required by a global unified market into programmed, protocol-based, and reliably Execution. The Internet eliminates low-value, high-cost intermediate chains and achieves low-cost and high-efficiency global information transmission in a decentralized manner.
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However, the first generation of the Internet did not solve the problem of information credibility. Activities that can be decentralized on the Internet must be activities that do not require credit endorsement, and activities that require credit guarantee must be activities involving centralized third-party intermediaries. Therefore, Internet technology that cannot establish global credit has encountered great obstacles in its progress - people cannot participate in any value exchange activities on the Internet in a decentralized manner. To realize value exchange, people still need third-party intermediaries based on credit (such as banks, clearing agencies, exchanges). The global centralized credit system still has problems such as high operating costs, low efficiency, and vulnerability to attacks and damage. For example, each country's legal currency has different credit values ​​and incompatible clearing systems, which adds a lot of cost to global trade.
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Therefore, what the second generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized manner? Let...>>

Question 2: What is blockchain? What does it mean in layman’s terms? What is China’s attitude towards blockchain? What can blockchain do? Blockchain, a great technology that accompanied the birth of Bitcoin, is currently being used in the financial field to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency, which is enough to excite Wall Street. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Its potential applications are very broad and will subvert every aspect of our lives in the future.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. One of the most basic characteristics of Bitcoin is decentralization. In recent months, financial giants have gradually begun to pay attention to Bitcoin's technology and used it in non-monetary fields, such as stock trading, election voting, etc. (1) Art Industry
Artists can use blockchain technology to declare ownership and issue numberable, 100% edition works in digital form for any type of artwork. It even includes a marketplace where artists can buy and sell through their website without the need for any intermediary services.
(2), Real estate industry
Use blockchain technology to solve various problems faced by everyone involved in real estate, including the naming process, land registration, agency intermediaries, etc.
(3), Insurance Industry
The financial industry has always been the most sensitive to advanced technology. Traditional banking and securities industry giants have been involved in the booming blockchain venture capital investment since 2014, with total global investment reaching US$1 billion within two years.
(4) P2P wallet
Personal assets can be traded through this P2P wallet in the future without going through any central institution, such as Bitcoin.
Most blockchains are in their infancy, mainly overseas. There are very few good domestic blockchain projects, so it is not recommended for any non-professionals to invest in blockchain projects. If you are very interested in blockchain technology and have a technical or financial background, it is recommended that you consider starting a business in this area. In terms of the blockchain protocol system, the lowest layer is the underlying technology of the blockchain, including the technical protocols of the blockchain, as well as some platform routing and basic algorithms; in the middle layer, some application interfaces and some credentials must be solved Issuance and verification, including some industry platform services, big data analysis, etc. This is a very rough classification, and there should be more detailed classifications; the top ones are some applications of blockchain, including finance Some applications and some applications in other aspects, the Internet of Things and so on.
Introduction to Bubi Blockchain
Bubi Blockchain has been focusing on the research and development and innovation of blockchain technology and products since its establishment. It has a number of core technologies and has achieved substantial results in many aspects. sexual innovation, formingA number of core technological achievements, such as: mathematically provable distributed consensus technology, fast large-scale ledger access technology, multi-chain general ledger technology that supports business expansion, interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains, etc. On April 25, "Gege Points" introduced the concept of blockchain into the points system, jointly opened it up with multiple parties, issued and redeemed points, and promoted the circulation of points. Each cooperative institution can jointly participate in transaction verification, ledger storage, and real-time settlement; the third-party payment platform of the enterprise points issuer makes the entry and exit of points more flexible. Bubi has developed its own basic blockchain service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, points, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with decentralized trust as the core, allowing digital assets to flow freely.
A simple understanding of blockchain is a technology at the bottom of Bitcoin, which is also a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that can realize peer-to-peer value delivery. We should distinguish between Bitcoin, Bitcoin blockchain, blockchain and blockchain. Blockchain technology and other concepts. In countries with relatively developed finance in the past, finance and blockchain technology have a long history, and the legislation of digital currencies and blockchain networks is also very important. With the advent of the financial era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology. They have their own teams and conceptual technologies. Slowly, banks in various regions are also participating in digital currency discussions. The application and support of this technology are not only that. The influence of blockchain on enterprises is also huge. For larger domestic enterprises, Bubi Blockchain is also used in various equity, supply chain, points and other fields. Major domestic financial institutions and enterprises have taken a fancy to the new industry. value, they have developed their own blockchain platforms, and blockchain has instantly become a new innovative industry in China. In terms of overseas internationalization, the United States has already obtained 15 blockchain patents at the end of last year compared to China. Blockchain financial applications are entering a new stage in an all-round way. Various applications will become more and more in-depth, and related changes will also become more and more profound. It has attracted more and more attention and will form a huge new trend... >>

Question 3: What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain? What is blockchain? 1. Data blockchain is an important concept in the Bitcoin financial system. It records transaction record data on the entire Bitcoin network, and these data are shared by all Bitcoin nodes. Through the data block, we can query each transaction record. A look at the history of Bitcoin transactions. 2. Example: There are three persons A, B, and C. All funds of A and B are kept by C. And every financial transaction must be recorded by C. Now assume that A and B each have 1 million in custody of C. Then: A spends 80,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 80,000 yuan from A's name, and add 80,000 yuan to B's name. If B transfers 50,000 yuan to A, C will add 50,000 yuan to A's name and subtract 50,000 yuan to B's name in the account book. A spends 50,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 50,000 yuan from A's name, and add 50,000 yuan to B's name.. 3. The role of the data blockchain is similar to that of C’s account record book. It records the user’s ownership of Bitcoin and the records of all users’ Bitcoin transactions. It’s just that this “account record book” is recorded by the mining software of every Bitcoin miner on the network. If a Bitcoin transaction is confirmed by the data blockchain, the relevant information will be recorded in the data blockchain. Bitcoin’s “account record book” is called the data blockchain. All data blockchains on the network form Bitcoin’s distributed network database system. 4. The essence of data blockchain technology is a decentralized and distributed structure of data storage, transmission and certification methods. It uses data blocks to replace the current Internet's dependence on central servers, so that all data changes or transaction items are recorded. On a cloud system, the self-certification of data during data transmission is theoretically realized. In a far-reaching sense, this transcends the traditional and conventional information verification paradigm that relies on a center and reduces the cost of establishing global "credit." This point-to-point verification will produce a "basic protocol", which is a new form of distributed artificial intelligence and will establish a new interface and shared interface between human brain intelligence and machine intelligence.

Question 4: What is blockchain: This explanation of blockchain is more understandable. Blockchain refers to a technology that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. plan.
In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. Currently, whoever owns the system keeps the accounts. Tencent keeps the accounts of WeChat, and Alibaba keeps the accounts of Taobao. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are any data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write his recorded content into the ledger, and record this Within a period of time, the contents of the ledger are sent to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. In this way, we call it blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology has become the darling of the financial community in China and has become a hot topic. Domestic Puyin Group has launched Puyin, a tea-based digital currency.

Question 5: Explain in an easy-to-understand manner what blockchain is. Blockchain can be understood as a database system in a sense. The development of blockchain can be divided into 1.0 and 2.0
1.0 is represented by Bitcoin, and its main application is virtual currency or digital currency application. The blockchain at this time can only be used for simple digital currency transactions.
2.0 is based on the currently popular ethereum (Ethereum) and the upcoming hyperledger is the representative. The blockchain at this stage can not only meet the corresponding digital currency transactions, but also use smart contracts to customize currency or asset transactions. If we use the database analogy, the emergence of smart contracts can be understood as allowing users to define functions or stored procedures in the database and call and execute them.
Different from traditional databases, the blockchain introduces consensus mechanism, incentive mechanism, p2p (network), hash and other specific elements, making it open, decentralized and non-tamperable. characteristic.

Question 6: What is blockchain? Can anyone explain it in simple terms? Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. It is like a ledger that records all transactions. It is decentralized. What is decentralization? For example, when you buy something on Taobao, you place an order and pay in Alipay. Alipay will not transfer the money to the seller until you receive the goods. Alipay is the third party in that center. Without it, it means decentralization, just like buying things offline. If you pay with one hand and get the goods with the other hand, there is no third party.
The blockchain itself is a series of cryptographically related data blocks generated.
Look carefully to see if it looks like a ledger. The pieces one by one are blocks, and connected together they are the blockchain.
Many companies are developing this technology, including ours, and its prospects are incredible. For details, you can go to our official website and hope to adopt it, thank you

Question 7: What is blockchain technology? What is blockchain? How to explain the concept of blockchain? People in each industry have different understandings, and relevant explanations are gradually emerging due to more and more real-life applications. With the popularization of this blockchain technology, the related results are getting bigger and bigger. If we want to understand this technology, we must have an in-depth understanding of reality.
In the past six months, the concept of blockchain has gradually become popular in China, and a blockchain whirlwind has taken off in the financial circle. Blockchain has attracted the attention and favor of more and more people in the industry due to its unique technical advantages. Blockchain technology, which is decentralized (or multi-centered), highly transparent, cannot be tampered with, and has no single point of failure, is entering the field of vision of financial institutions and enterprises. It has at least been used in digital currency, payment exchange, registration and settlement, Digital assets, traceability and anti-counterfeiting, supply chain, Internet of Things and many other fields have moved from theoretical discussions to practical applications.
"Blockchain" was first introduced with "Bitcoin" released in early 2009. Blockchain has become the basic protocol and technical application for the launch, recording, and circulation of Bitcoin. Although Bitcoin has been controversial since its inception and cannot even be regarded as a "currency" by governments and monetary authorities, the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin has been recognized by governments, including governments and monetary authorities. extensive attention.
Why blockchain will becomeHot technologies and topics that are heating up rapidly?
The most important of these may be that Bitcoin, launched based on blockchain technology, has opened up a complete application that has little to do with traditional society (offline) The exploration and attempt of new technologies and rule systems in the online world (online) such as Internet user identity verification, wealth confirmation, transaction records, notarization and verification, etc., provide people with optional paths and unlimited imagination to adapt to the development of the Internet society.
Judging from its application in Bitcoin, blockchain is a set of new network blocks (BLOCK, also called communities) formed by combining encryption technology with the Internet. Bitcoin configuration, netizen identity verification, and Bitcoin (value) confirmation formed by mining, Bitcoin transaction records, and extended encryption of Bitcoin cross-block flow (value transfer) (added block and transaction time identification, etc. Internet protocol rules and accounting (Ledger) system including block chain, full encryption, mutual authentication, etc., including factor) registration and verification. Precisely because Bitcoin is not a substitute for offline legal currency, but is issued and managed by non-legal currency authorities, mainly imitating the model of gold, and is completely new and decentralized protected and supported by basic Internet protocols and strict encryption technology. Internet currency (virtual currency) has thus formed a new set of currency rules and systems that are different from and not subject to real social laws, and can be bought, sold or exchanged with legal currency. It has been more than 8 years since Bitcoin was launched. There has been no record of funds or user information being stolen. Its security has been verified, and its efficiency and cost of fund settlement also have obvious advantages. This has made people's confidence in the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin continue to increase, and people have become more and more aware that although blockchain is a technology and protocol pioneered and applied by Bitcoin, the blockchain Chain is not the same as Bitcoin, and its application is by no means limited to Bitcoin. The application of blockchain can be decentralized or centralized; it can be a public chain model or a private chain model. Therefore, after Bitcoin, blockchain technology is also constantly developing and innovating, and constantly exploring new application fields, especially in the financial field.
The reason why blockchain is valued highly by more and more people is because the development and widespread application of the Internet have caused more and more economic exchanges and transaction activities to be conducted online, and the online world (or online world) society) is rapidly expanding, enriching and active, and online transactions must solve the efficiency and security protection issues of the parties' identity verification, value verification, transaction records, inspection and verification, etc., and require strict intermediaries and agreements (rules or constitutions). In this regard, traditional thinking and customary practices are to follow the development trajectory of the transfer of offline transactions to online and push the common rules and practices of the real (offline) society to the online (network) society. However, in practice, it is increasingly It is difficult to adapt to the needs of online transactions.
For example, for the identity verification of the parties, the natural choice is to use the information on the identity documents protected by the laws of various countries as the basis, and then add account or transaction passwords, as well as facial recognition, iris, fingerprints and other biometrics to conduct online transactions. Verification, but this method first makes the citizen identity information in the cross-border interconnected online world subject to the administrative jurisdiction of real society... >>

Question 8: Easy to understand Explain clearly what is blockchain. The English name of blockchain is Blockchain. Block literally means block, block, and chain means chain, chain. Therefore, together they are translated into blockchain.
1. Use cryptography technology to encrypt and decrypt so that records cannot be tampered with. Common blockchain encryption methods include hash algorithm, RSA algorithm, elliptic curve algorithm, etc.;
2. The huge amount of calculation needs to be supported by a reasonable reward mechanism. Because every transaction must be recorded, Bitcoin’s blockchain has more than 60 gigabytes so far. Every new transaction requires confirmation of the information related to the trading account to ensure that the transaction is valid. The huge amount of calculation requires a computer with powerful computing power to complete.
In order to encourage the participation of powerful computing power, Bitcoin provides two rewards: one is to issue a certain number of Bitcoins to these computers every day; instead, all transfer fees are awarded to these computers. (The technical term for these computers is "mining machines", and the people who hold the mining machines are called "miners".)
Biying China is working hard on the digitization of assets and has launched the digital currency crowdfunding platform Biying China.

Question 9: What is the so-called "blockchain"? Blockchain itself is a tool called decentralization and trustlessness. For example, when you graduate from university, the current practice is to have a certificate recognized and issued by an authoritative agency as your certificate. This setting is more troublesome, because this is a piece of paper, and paper can be forged, so there will be various gaps. The issuing authority is also a person, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people, whoever There are various possibilities related to media. The blockchain provides a great opportunity. As soon as you graduate, you will have a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. You, as a physical existence , and then as a data existence, the blockchain was born. In this case, anyone who wants to check where you graduated can easily solve the problem. This is similar to the big data often involved in social networking (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Yibao).

Question 10: What does blockchain mean? Regarding blockchain, I think you have already seen the concept on the Internet. Let me explain it based on my understanding!
First of all, let’s talk aboutIts characteristics: 1. Open and transparent 2. Decentralization 3. Anonymity 4. Information cannot be tampered with, eliminated 5. No trust cost
Blockchain is like a public ledger, everyone has the right to record , look through, everyone will jointly supervise to ensure its accuracy, and the recorded content will be permanently saved, and can only be added but not deleted! However, as the number of blocks continues to increase, costs will increase and efficiency will decrease. (I’m not sure whether technology can be used to make up for this. I hope someone who understands technology can point it out.)
Blockchain is divided into public chain, private chain, and alliance chain. Public chain: accessible to everyone, everyone has read and write permissions, completely open, transparent and decentralized. Private chain: Open to individuals or institutions, in which the owner of the private chain can set various permissions to make it partially centralized. Alliance chain: Open to specific organizations or groups, it is also "partially decentralized". According to the ledger at the beginning, members can view and transact, but cannot record and confirm bills, or require permission from the alliance. (The latter two do not have cost and efficiency issues)
Regarding blockchain, countries have begun to recruit talents in this area. For this, you can search online for "Central Bank Recruiting Digital Currency R&D Personnel". In addition, you can increase your understanding of blockchain by understanding its existing applications. What we usually refer to generally refers to public chains. Currently, those used abroad include Bitcoin, Ethereum and other domestic blockchains. Chain
1. Open and transparent: Every piece of data is verified by everyone and can be viewed by everyone at any time.
2. Decentralization: For example, when we shop on Taobao, we conduct transactions through the intermediary Taobao, and blockchain allows both supply and demand parties to directly contact each other for direct transactions through blockchain technology.
3. Anonymity: No personal privacy information is required to complete transactions on the blockchain, only your unique alphanumeric signature is required.
4. Information cannot be tampered with or deleted: Once the data has been verified and recorded, no one has the authority to modify it, let alone delete it!
5. No trust cost: The trust crisis in reality will not appear in the blockchain. Transactions in the blockchain do not require you to trust the other party. Only when both of you have enough "digital assets" to trade can it be carried out, and Under the supervision of the entire network, transactions will not be broken. If you have no idea about the cost of trust, just think about how many intermediaries there are in your city, or just think about Jack Ma, and you will know how big the cost of trust is.
I am still learning more about blockchain. I am Li Ailin. If you have any questions, you can discuss and learn together!

㈤ What is ICO crowdfunding

Definition of ICO:
ICO is the abbreviation of Initial Coin Offering. ICO is a product of the international digital currency/blockchain community. So far, there is no formal official or dictionary definition.
The coming of ICOBy:
All successful digital currency and blockchain (blockchain in this article refers to "blockchain public chain") projects are all community projects. In a common ICO, digital currency and blockchain projects sell project tokens to early enthusiasts. The project team obtains funds for technology development and market expansion through ICO; while project enthusiasts support the project through ICO, and can also choose to exit the transaction after the corresponding token enters the trading market.
The relationship between ICO and Bitcoin:
The first ICO that can be checked comes from the Mastercoin project (now renamed Omni), which was announced on Bitcointalk (the largest Bitcoin and digital currency) in July 2013 Community Forum) announced the ICO crowdfunding through Bitcoin, and generated corresponding Mastercoin tokens and distributed them to crowdfunding participants. In essence, this ICO is an exchange of goods, that is, participants exchange Bitcoin for tokens in the Mastercoin project. At the beginning, ICO was just a community behavior among digital currency enthusiasts. With the continuous development of digital currency and blockchain, it began to be accepted and participated by more and more people. The vast majority of ICOs are conducted via Bitcoin or other digital currencies.

㈥ Is the risk of a blockchain crowdfunding platform like ico365 high? How is it different from traditional crowdfunding platforms?

Any crowdfunding project is an investment with a very high risk rate. product.
Blockchain project crowdfunding platforms are essentially the same as traditional equity crowdfunding platforms.
It can be said that blockchain project crowdfunding is a subcategory of equity crowdfunding.
Equity crowdfunding is subject to legal and regulatory restrictions, with restrictions on the number of investors and the amount of investment. Investors also need to undergo investment review. The cost and threshold for ordinary people to participate are relatively high, and the target group is high-net-worth individuals.
Equity crowdfunding has poor liquidity, and it often takes a long time to exit, and even most of the investment in projects seems to be in vain.
Blockchain crowdfunding is a bit similar to universal crowdfunding, because its crowdfunding funds are settled in Bitcoin and are not regulated by laws and regulations. Therefore, there are no excessive requirements on the number of people and investment amount. The investment cost is low but the threshold is relatively high.
Since blockchain projects are based on the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is difficult for ordinary people to understand it. In fact, it can simply be regarded as a technical method of distributed collaborative work.
There are relatively few successful blockchain projects in the market, so there is no unified reference standard, and projects are completely dependent on personal judgment. Settlement is done in Bitcoin, so if you need to participate, the requirement itself is to accept the high-risk threshold of digital currencies. (There are many projects that cheat money)
Blockchain crowdfunding has good liquidity. Basically, after the so-called "tokens" appear, you can completely withdraw from the transaction. The risk of fluctuation is also very high.
Of course, as a technology being studied by the central bank, districtBlockchain projects deserve attention, but caution is also required. As for the ico365 platform, it is recommended that individuals make their own decisions. The new platform has no reference basis for evaluation.

㈦ What is the connection between blockchain and equity crowdfunding

Now let’s talk about the feasibility of blockchain equity crowdfunding in China. We all know that as far as China is concerned, companies are divided into two broad categories: joint-stock companies and limited companies.
Joint-stock companies are divided into "listed companies" and "unlisted joint-stock companies". The shares of a listed company are registered with the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, so its issuance of shares or share transactions are subject to the management regulations of the China Securities Regulatory Bureau. We won’t go into details here; shares issued by non-listed joint-stock companies do not need to be registered by any institution, and rights can be confirmed by issuing shares themselves and maintaining a shareholder register. Of course, many of them register through third-party institutions such as the industrial and commercial departments or China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, using local share custody centers to provide third-party registration services for public announcements. Moreover, when the company's equity changes, it needs to be registered through Manual processing of paper equity certificates, option issuances and convertible notes will make the maintenance of shareholder registers very complex and cumbersome, and the tracking and maintenance of transactions will become more difficult to trace as the number of transactions increases.
If you use Techshares blockchain technology for equity crowdfunding, it will perfectly solve all the above problems. The blockchain ledger is safe and transparent, cannot be tampered with, and is easy to track. It can record the company's equity and its changes at any time. history.
Convenient equity transfer and circulation
For equity crowdfunding, equity circulation is an important part of the business, which can stimulate user activity and promote more registration and issuance. Traditional OTC over-the-counter equity transactions are based on the credit of both parties to the transaction. The parties to the transaction bear the credit risks themselves. Transactions can only proceed after establishing bilateral credit lines. The trading platform collectively bears the credit risks of market traders.
Techshares blockchain technology can reduce the credit risk of transactions. It essentially decentralizes the third party that provides credibility, that is, it is no longer limited to specific third-party entities, but relies on All participants come together to maintain a registration system. From the perspective of the functions achieved, the blockchain, on the one hand, hands over the rights to record to the company itself, embodying the spirit of autonomy; on the other hand, it can also ensure the openness, transparency and authenticity of information records, minimizing rights disputes. change. The ownership of equity is registered in the blockchain, and equity transactions must be signed by the owner's private key to be verified; after the transaction is confirmed, changes in equity will also be recorded in the blockchain, thus protecting the interests of both parties to the transaction.
How to ensure safety
As an investor, the most worrying issue is the security of funds. Traditional equity crowdfunding often may cause "double spending" problems (note: double spending - double spending, That is, the only one share is transferred to two people repeatedly) until the electronic data is fullyThe central clearing agency ensures that the entire system can balance accounts after transactions. However, the risks are often borne by the platform, and the equity crowdfunding business is different from traditional on-site trading. It is conducted by many independently operating companies, so these trading activities are scattered across various platforms. After using the Techshares blockchain technology, the decentralized trust built by the blockchain is not based on human will. It can also ensure the normal operation of the system and business without the need for mutual trust. Everyone becomes a node in the blockchain, has their own public and private keys, and jointly participates in rapid transaction verification and accounting. Furthermore, in the early stages of equity crowdfunding, many parties, including the sponsor, crowdfunding platform, lead investors, sponsors, etc., jointly sign a crowdfunding contract to stipulate their respective responsibilities and obligations. This contract can be converted into a smart contract and stored in the blockchain, and the blockchain ensures that the contract cannot be tampered with during execution. In this way, there is no need to worry about safe space.
Strongly scalable, reasonable and legal
Blockchain equity crowdfunding consists of a three-layer structure. The bottom layer is the blockchain network, which builds a decentralized and trusted distributed ledger; The middle layer combines business logic with the blockchain to jointly establish account center, equity registration, equity certificates, equity transactions, equity management and other functions; the top layer is a crowdfunding platform for customer-oriented services, and the business of the platform is theoretically It can be infinitely extended to various fields and industries.
The use of TechShares' blockchain technology enables decentralized trust (Decentralized trust) by building a P2P self-organizing network, a time-ordered and tamper-proof cryptographic ledger, and a distributed consensus mechanism. In addition, neither the Company Law, the Company Registration Regulations nor other laws and regulations impose any specific restrictions on the form of the shareholder register maintained by the company itself. A company may choose to create and maintain a shareholder register in any documented form, and is not limited to a specific medium. Therefore, it is completely legal to use TechShares as a carrier to conduct equity crowdfunding on the blockchain. Once chosen voluntarily by the company, it can provide legally valid proof of the company's equity (shares).