2018各地区块链金融政策对比,2018年区块链政策
2018年，区块链金融政策已经成为各国政府关注的焦点，不同地区的政策也有所不同。本文将从三个方面，分别介绍北美、欧洲和亚洲地区的区块链金融政策，为读者提供有关信息。
一、北美地区：2018年，北美地区的区块链金融政策属于宽松政策，允许早期投资者参与区块链金融活动，支持区块链技术的发展。美国政府也鼓励金融机构投资区块链技术，并设立了相关的监管框架，以确保区块链金融活动的安全性。同时，美国政府也支持将区块链技术应用于金融服务，以提升金融服务的效率和可靠性。
二、欧洲地区：2018年，欧洲地区的区块链金融政策处于中度宽松状态，以支持区块链技术的发展，但又不希望市场出现过度热潮。欧洲政府采取了多种措施，以确保区块链金融活动的安全性，比如，设立了相关的监管框架，对参与者进行审查，并强制实施安全标准。同时，欧洲政府也鼓励金融机构投资区块链技术，以促进金融服务的发展。
三、亚洲地区：2018年，亚洲地区的区块链金融政策处于积极支持的状态，政府和金融机构都在努力推动区块链技术的发展。亚洲政府采取了多种措施，以支持区块链金融活动，比如，设立政策性基金，投资区块链技术，鼓励金融机构投资区块链技术，并设立了相关的监管框架，以确保区块链金融活动的安全性。
从以上三个地区的区块链金融政策来看，各国政府都在努力推动区块链技术的发展，并采取了相应的措施，以确保区块链金融活动的安全性。未来，区块链金融政策将继续发展，为金融服务的发展提供更多支持。
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⑴ "Hangzhou Blockchain Industry Report 2018" pdf download to read the full text online, seek Baidu Netdisk cloud resources
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Introduction: In order to understand the blockchain industry in Hangzhou Technological innovation and application implementation have promoted the development of the blockchain industry in Hangzhou. Under the guidance of the leadership of the Finance Office, the Hangzhou Blockchain Technology and Application Federation organized the Shuqin Technology Blockchain Research Institute to jointly launch the "2018 Hangzhou Writing work of "Blockchain Industry Report".
In order to fully understand the situation, Hangzhou Blockchain Technology and Application Federation formed a special research team on May 28, 2018. After spending three months conducting research on nearly 30 blockchain companies in Hangzhou (nearly 20 of which were field surveys), the team mastered a large amount of first-hand information. After more than two months of writing and repeated revisions, the report was finally completed in early November.
⑵ What are the policies to promote the development of blockchain?
Legal analysis: On October 25, national leaders presided over a collective study meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, List blockchain as an important breakthrough for independent innovation technology.
In the 19 days since then, local governments have issued a total of 44 related policies to encourage the development of blockchain, involving 20 provinces.
Government affairs, medical care, finance and smart cities have become the areas where local governments value blockchain implementation most.
In the process of actively promoting the implementation of blockchain, local governments are also trying to combine their own advantages and local characteristics. For example, in Shanxi, energy has become a key area for blockchain implementation.
Legal basis: "The Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035" Article 3 Strategic Orientation: Promote high-quality development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period , we must base ourselves on the new development stage, implement new development concepts, and build a new development pattern. Grasping the new development stage is the realistic basis for implementing the new development concept and building a new development pattern. Implementing the new development concept provides an action guide for grasping the new development stage and building a new development pattern. Building a new development pattern is to respond to the opportunities and challenges of the new development stage. , strategic choices to implement new development concepts. We must persist in deepening supply-side structural reforms, lead and create new demands with innovation-driven, high-quality supply, and improve the resilience of the supply system and its adaptability to domestic demand. We must establish an effective system to expand domestic demand, accelerate the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, strengthen demand-side management, and build a strong domestic market. We must unswervingly advance reform, break down institutional obstacles that restrict economic circulation, and promote the circulation of production factors and the organic connection between production, distribution, circulation, and consumption. We must unswervingly expand opening up and continue toWe will continue to deepen openness based on the flow of factors, steadily expand institutional openness, and rely on the domestic economic cycle system to form a strong gravitational field for global factor resources. It is necessary to strengthen the leading role of the domestic general cycle, improve the efficiency and level of the domestic general cycle with the international cycle, and realize the mutual promotion and advancement of the domestic and international dual cycles.
⑶ How to promote the healthy and orderly development of the blockchain industry
my country's blockchain industry ecology has initially taken shape, and the number of enterprises has increased rapidly. The "2018 China Blockchain Industry White Paper" previously released by the Information Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that as of the end of March 2018, the number of blockchain companies in my country with blockchain business as its main business has exceeded 450, and the industry has initially formed a scale.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed that the blockchain industry is still in its early stages, and the positive value of the technology is gradually emerging. However, the development process is still accompanied by risks that cannot be ignored, such as the possible impact on the current There are challenges to institutional norms and loopholes at the technical level. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed that it will accelerate the promotion of innovative applications of blockchain technology, especially to enhance computing capabilities, storage capabilities and integration and penetration capabilities, build a good industrial ecology, and promote the healthy development of the blockchain industry.
⑷ When will the "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" be published?
Witnessed by the leaders of Hunan High-tech Zone, it was jointly announced by the China Mobile Communications Federation and the International Blockchain Application Alliance. , Zilian Academy and Wutong Think Tank will jointly publish the first "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook"... Details are as follows:
Since October 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the "China Region Since the White Paper on Blockchain Technology and Application Development (2016), blockchain has been identified as a strategic frontier technology for the first time and was included in the "State Council's Notice on Issuing the National Informatization Plan for the 13th Five-Year Plan" issued by the State Council in December 2016. notify". The plan clearly states that it is necessary to strengthen the innovation, experimentation and application of new technologies such as blockchain to achieve dominance in the new generation of information technology.
Governments across the country have also issued guidance and notification documents on blockchain. According to financial statistics, as of March 2018, there have been Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu in China. , Guizhou, Fujian, Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangxi, Inner Mongolia, Chongqing and other provinces and cities have issued guidance on blockchain.
Director of China Mobile Communications Federation Education and Examination Center, Secretary-General of China Mobile Communications Federation International Blockchain Innovation Application Alliance, Beijing Post Online Digital Economy Research Institute Dean Chen Xiaohua said: "One of the greatest values of blockchain technology is its combination with big data. Blockchain technology will be the key technology to build a social big data platform, and the combination of blockchain and big data will solve the problem of data Deep-seated issues of interconnection, openness and sharing. The "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" is a large database of blockchain ecological information. It aggregates blockchain ecological industry data through research and provides blockchain enthusiasts with Authoritative system data mining analysis, data docking and matching, intelligent information flow, and industry maps avoid learning blind spots, popularize blockchain knowledge, and promote the healthy development of the blockchain ecosystem. "
"The development of blockchain in the past two years is obvious to all. Governments in various regions are also more active in promoting the development of blockchain technology and applications. With the innovation and upgrading of blockchain, and The deep integration and integrated innovation of cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing and big data will promote the commercial exploration and application of blockchain technology in various subdivisions such as medical care, justice, industry, media, and games. The future healthy development and application of blockchain are inseparable from the construction and improvement of the industry ecosystem. From 2015 to 2018, China has established nearly 50 blockchain-related industry associations/alliances, and blockchain media and institutions have emerged in endlessly. With the rapid development of the new field of blockchain, there will be more in the future. A large number of enthusiasts, practitioners, entrepreneurs and investors have participated, and the "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" provides them with an authoritative platform to systematically understand the blockchain industry. "Tang Yuze, director of the Innovation Talent Research Institute of Wutong Think Tank, believes that the "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" will have a significant impact on the future development of blockchain.
As one of the initiators of this yearbook launch Jian Jinqiu, founder of Zilian Academy, said: "Technological innovation is the core driving force for the in-depth development of the blockchain industry, and the technological innovation of China's blockchain industry is experiencing a significantly accelerated process. Thanks to the continuous innovation of blockchain technology and China's huge Internet consumer group, blockchain applications in China have also shown the characteristics of being diverse, extensive and active. From 2016 to 2018, private equity investments in China's blockchain field were invested in blockchain talent training, infrastructure, underlying technology, related services, blockchain applications and other fields. China's blockchain industry chain has basically taken shape. And the government is increasingly paying attention to and affirming the value of blockchain, and the launch of the "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" is to build a good blockchain industry ecology and promote the healthy development of the blockchain industry. "
As the potential value of blockchain continues to be explored, heavyweight multinational industry giants have also established research groups, invested in blockchain startups, developed blockchain basic platforms, and studied future potential Application scenarios and other methods have entered the field of blockchain, and its demonstration and leading role has begun to drive a new wave of blockchain entrepreneurship and innovation. As the world's first blockchain yearbook, the "2018 Global Blockchain Industry Yearbook" will invite global Well-known scholars and business experts work together to compile it and give full play to the guiding role of blockchain policies to better promote the healthy development of the blockchain industry.
⑸ Interpretation of the Internet Finance Proposals of the National Two Sessions in 2018
Interpretation of the Internet Finance Proposals of the National Two Sessions in 2018
Li Dongrong believes that while seeing the achievements of the Internet finance industry, we must maintain a "clear mind." The financial industry is an industry full of temptations, and prevention is emphasized Risk and Risk Mitigation, InternetThe financial industry is no exception. Under the new form of Internet expression, the spread of risks is more hidden, and the mixed operation format also brings many challenges. Supervision must continue to adapt.
He believes that Internet finance must have its place and role in financial reform and development. "Most companies sincerely want to run well. They must understand and follow the basic laws of finance from the beginning. Self-discipline is extremely important." Li Dongrong mentioned that as an industry self-regulatory organization, the China Internet Finance Association, which is being formed, requires everyone to Each member must be respectful of risks, protect the reputation of the industry, and respect industry rules.
Liu Mingkang mentioned that most of the problems that arise now are that the platform itself wants to participate in capital transactions. However, some platforms expand their asset management business and use the platform as a channel, which violates the development rules of Internet finance itself. "Only by being small, decentralized, and making simple products can we survive. Otherwise, we are not far from death."
He said that it is precisely because mobile Internet, big data, and blockchain can subvert the existing financial business that supervision encourages it, but it will never support the industry's "crazy".
Liu Mingkang said that supervision can only serve as a reminder, and the key is self-discipline. It is hoped that the Internet financial industry will truly use mobile Internet, big data, blockchain and other technologies to play an innovative role.
Li Kemu, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former vice chairman of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, put forward several suggestions at the meeting: "Pay attention to preventing systemic risks, pay attention to the regulatory differences of banks and insurance companies, and pay attention to regulatory innovation."
He believes that Internet finance is a new challenge for supervision, and policy levels are responding to the technological innovation of Internet finance with regulatory innovation. If there is no plan to prevent risks, the risks are irreversible. On the contrary, the risks are controllable.
Liu Shijin, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and former deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Council, believes that the core of supply-side reform is to improve total factor productivity. The most important thing about Internet finance is to solve information asymmetry. If it can realize value in terms of speed, accuracy, information asymmetry, etc., only then can it leave something meaningful after the boom.
Some previous malicious cases reflected the further asymmetry of information, which was "ancient deception disguised as Internet finance." How to identify and correct genuine and fake innovations is a challenge for supervision.
Liu Shijin said that although the Internet financial industry seems "a little cooler", it is normal. In the future, if we combine industries and realize the industrial Internet, there will be a lot of room, and only then can we truly promote supply-side reform.
Xu Xiaolan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Secretary-General of the China Electronics Society, proposed to speed up the issuance of regulatory details, coordinate a multi-dimensional and integrated Internet financial industry regulatory assessment data system, and at the same time strengthen the unrealistic publicity of the industry. Control.
Fang Fang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and a member of the Strategic Development Committee of the Hong Kong SAR Government, believes that it is necessary to vigorously strengthen investmentAt the same time, we must adopt an open attitude towards Internet finance and allow room for development. In addition, the bottom line must be clearly drawn to ensure the healthy development of the industry.
Zhao Yuzi, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and counselor of the Shanghai Municipal Government, believes that Internet finance can play a great role, but the balance between innovation and supervision needs to be paid attention to. "For some time, there has been too much emphasis on innovation, which has brought certain side effects." . Internet finance has developed rapidly precisely because of the relaxed environment, but risks are also hidden. Therefore, supervision must be forward-looking and foreseeable.
He mentioned that current supervision tends to decentralize responsibilities, but local financial offices have difficulties in undertaking this task in terms of establishment and personnel capabilities.
Mutual Finance and Two Sessions Proposal Internet Finance is in a critical period for supervision
The annual National Two Sessions are about to open, and Internet finance is expected to become the focus of attention of representatives of the Two Sessions. The topic of "Internet finance" was first introduced into the national "Two Sessions" in 2013. At the national "Two Sessions" held that year, members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference submitted the "Proposal on Several Suggestions for Regulating the Development of Internet Finance." At the "Two Sessions" held in Shenzhen the following year, for the first time, representatives and committee members made special proposals for P2P online lending.
At the National "Two Sessions" in 2015, Internet finance has become a hot topic for debate among various parties. Some advocated tolerance because of its inclusiveness, or advocated against it because of its chaos. It is strictly regulated. However, what is slightly different from 2016 is that the focus of the local "Two Sessions" on Internet finance in 2016 shifted to P2P online lending. Of course, perhaps we can hear the voices of many CPPCC members on how to regulate Internet finance.
Recently, China Times and China Internet Finance Research Institute jointly hosted a seminar on Internet finance. The meeting invited CPPCC members, regulatory representatives and industry leaders to participate. Wang Jitao, CEO of Aiqianbang, was also invited to attend this event. Xu Xiaolan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, raised the following main controversies and issues based on past research on traditional commercial banks and Internet financial companies:
Asymmetric regulatory issues. Internet finance has not yet formed a system, and the legal status and business boundaries of financial entities have not yet been clarified. If traditional supervision is used, will it be conducive to the development of emerging Internet financial formats? If it is regulated, it will die, and if it is released, it will be chaotic. It occurs in many industries and fields, but finance is more sensitive. This is the foundation of our country's economy. If problems arise, it will shake the foundation of our country's economy and the destructive power will become more apparent.
Wang Jitao, CEO of Aiqianbang, said with emotion at the China Times "Two Sessions" topic seminar that the guidance issued in July last year was good, but now the entire industry feels a little uneasy. After the e-zubao incident, We are now worried about whether the regulatory details can be implemented as scheduled. The rules should be clarified as soon as possible. Even if this opinion is not perfect, one is better than none. "But now that it's coming so violently, I'm worried about the industry, and friends alwaysWorried about my personal safety. ”
Fund security issues. In the absence of third-party custody, can the control measures of credit rating based on big data replace the credit rating system of traditional finance? Internet finance will say that our assessment based on big data Why there are still problems with the system raises a question for us: how to ensure our credit rating system.
Consumer rights protection behavior in finance. Internet finance is based on network data, and evidence collection requires a professional team. Will it cause The real dilemma of consumer rights protection. Of course, traditional commercial banks, with their opinions from Internet finance, raise their own issues from their own perspective.
To this end, Xu Xiaolan suggested in her speech: First, encourage Support Internet finance to enter the areas and weak links covered by existing traditional financial institutions. Second, the supervision of different business formats will include Internet finance into the regulatory business formats and frameworks, forming an organic combination of government supervision, industry self-discipline and subject autonomy. Third, formulate technical standards for the Internet financial industry and carry out active management and hierarchical management of the industry. Fourth, establish an Internet financial consumer protection and coordination mechanism and implement a specialized consumer protection agency. "Of course, from a long-term development perspective, it is also necessary to Vigorously promote development from the national strategic level, coordinate a multi-dimensional three-dimensional big data system, establish a comprehensive credit system, innovate supervision methods, and improve the financial ecology. "
Wang Jitao also said that the consistency of policies is insufficient. The stability of the country's governing policies. He hopes that regulatory rules will be implemented as soon as possible and implemented stably. The issue of how to grasp the scale requires appropriate public opinion guidance at the institutional level. Now it is generally a movement-style and rectification-style management style.
The 2016 National "Two Sessions": Mutual Fund Proposal may be a hot spot
The 2016 National "Two Sessions" will It opened in Beijing on March 3 and March 5. Before that, the local “Two Sessions” in various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government had already been held in full swing. At those local “Two Sessions” that had already been held, there were many issues related to Internet Finance ( Including P2P online lending, etc.) related proposals appear frequently.
In the view of Lin Enmin, President of Yinke.com, because the most important agenda of this year’s national “Two Sessions” is to discuss and review the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the formulation of the National Economic and Social Development of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Recommendations"), and in the "Recommendations" released in November 2015, "Internet Finance" was written into the country's In the "Five-Year Plan", it is believed that many CPPCC members will put forward proposals related to Internet finance. Internet financial supervision and reform may be the focus of CPPCC members.
The topic of mutual funds between local two sessions attracted heated discussion among CPPCC members
Recently, at the 19th "Zhejiang CPPCC·People's Livelihood Forum" of the Zhejiang Provincial CPPCC, a member of the Zhejiang Provincial CPPCC and a senior member of the Zhejiang Branch of the Bank of Communications Inspector Yu Jiongling pointed out that when P2P entered China, various types of guarantees, margins, mortgages, etc. were introduced.form, showing the "credit intermediary" characteristics of traditional finance. "Although we still call it P2P, it is actually more similar to an 'online bank.'" When a number of P2P platforms blindly pursue business expansion and ignore financial business risk control and information security management, they eventually experience illegal operations and debt defaults. Yu Jiongling and other members and representatives from various sectors who attended the meeting believed that P2P’s status as an “information intermediary” should be restored. Yu Jiongling specifically recommended the introduction of regulations that P2P platforms cannot directly or indirectly construct capital pools, cannot provide guarantees, self-financing, grant loans, or split financing project terms. The funds of lenders and investors must be managed by a third party with clear qualifications. This will truly build the P2P platform into a financial financing platform with unhindered exchange of information as its core.
Tu Haiming, a member of the Shanghai Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference, believes that before relevant national measures take effect, local governments should take the initiative and take the initiative in the spirit of being responsible to the people. For example, for companies registered in the region and engaged in P2P operations, conduct a thorough investigation on their transaction volume, number of investors, actual controllers, etc., to avoid "putting out fires" when something goes wrong. For enterprises with abnormal operation discovered during the screening process, early intervention should be carried out to prevent them from running away with their money.
Anhui Jiu San Society’s collective proposal proposes to standardize Anhui P2P platforms, strictly control access, strengthen data analysis, and establish an early warning system. "We must also implement an online lending platform system." Patrol some "suspicious" platforms to nip in the bud the most worrying violations in the P2P industry, such as "running away". At the same time, Jiusan Society also proposed that while popularizing financial knowledge and raising public awareness of financial management, it is necessary to strictly abide by the entry threshold and punish companies that illegally operate offline financial services without approval through reporting hotlines, regular law enforcement inspections and other methods in accordance with the law. Investigate, and if necessary, take various measures such as ordering business suspension for rectification to control risks.
Authoritative report takes the pulse of the mutual finance industry in 2016
Judging from the limited information, the issue of "Internet finance" was first introduced to the national "Two Sessions" in 2013. At the National "Two Sessions" held that year, Xie Wei, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy general manager of Bank of Communications Schroder Fund Company, submitted a "Proposal on Several Suggestions for Regulating the Development of Internet Finance." At the "Two Sessions" held in Shenzhen the following year, for the first time, representatives and committee members made special proposals for P2P online lending.
At the National "Two Sessions" in 2015, Internet finance has become a hot topic for debate among various parties. Some advocated tolerance because of its inclusiveness, or advocated against it because of its chaos. It is strictly regulated. However, what is slightly different from 2016 is that the focus of the local “Two Sessions” on Internet finance in 2016 shifted to P2P online lending. Of course, perhaps we can hear the voices of many CPPCC members on how to regulate Internet finance.
In Lin Enmin’s view, these 10 major trends are quite comprehensive and detailed. They are the focus of heated discussion among people inside and outside the industry, and perhaps also those who study Internet finance or pay attention to the Internet.Internet financial ecology is a topic of concern to members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. In addition, topics such as the innovation and regulatory direction of green finance, consumer finance and mutual funds are also areas of concern for members of the CPPCC.
⑹ Many places have issued blockchain development action plans "Blockchain+" to show off their potential
[Zhongya Finance] Recently, Hebei, Guizhou, Hunan, Beijing, Guangzhou, Ganzhou and other provinces and cities have issued blockchain development action plans to build blockchain platforms and promote enterprises to "go online". Planning in terms of "chain", the domestic blockchain industry is ushering in rare development opportunities. At present, blockchain technology has been implemented in judicial certificate storage, government affairs management, people's livelihood services, food traceability, supply chain management and other scenarios. In the future, it may show its talents in new infrastructure, industrial chain transformation, public services and other fields, providing high-quality services. Quality development is gaining momentum.
During the epidemic prevention period, Mr. Ma, a Beijing citizen, fell in love with online shopping. After he recently received a box of Anhui Dangshan Su pears, he found a QR code with "Blockchain Traceability" written on the package. Scanning it with his mobile phone revealed the name of the e-commerce company selling the pears, the location of the authentic place of origin, and the product. "Identity" information such as features and quality alliances to which it belongs is clear at a glance, and even the number of QR code scans is clearly displayed. Mr. Ma said: "Seeing such detailed and accurate product information makes me more confident in the quality of the product."
The application of blockchain technology in online shopping has been an active innovation technology application scenario in recent years. an epitome of. According to the "2018-2019 China Blockchain Development Annual Report" released by the China Blockchain Ecological Alliance, blockchain technology is most actively used in the financial field, and has formed an important role in cross-border payments, asset management, supply chain finance, etc. A batch of new products that can undertake actual business; phased results have been achieved in the fields of electronic certificate deposits and charity; and exploration has begun in the fields of medical services, government management, transportation and logistics.
Against this background, many domestic provinces and cities have recently issued blockchain development action plans. In the plan, building a blockchain open innovation platform and promoting the "online" of key enterprises have become the next focus of local work. For example, the "Beijing Blockchain Innovation Development Action Plan" issued by Beijing in early July proposes to take the lead in forming a "Beijing Plan" for blockchain to empower economic and social development by 2022; Guizhou Province issued in early May "About Accelerating District Development" "Opinions on Blockchain Technology Application and Industrial Development" proposed that by 2022, 3 to 5 blockchain open innovation platforms and public service platforms will be built, and more than 100 growing blockchain companies will be introduced and cultivated; Hunan Province will The issued "Three-Year Action Plan for the Development of Blockchain Industry in Hunan Province (2020-2022)" proposes to build more than 10 blockchain public service platforms by 2022.Promote 30,000 companies to join the blockchain; Guangzhou, Guangdong, and Ganzhou, Jiangxi have also proposed to cultivate a number of key blockchain companies and promote typical application demonstration scenarios.
During the epidemic, various places "increased" the development of blockchain technology. Experts said that since this year, the demand for digital social governance innovation and soft and hard infrastructure construction has increased significantly, and the potential of blockchain technology in the technical transformation of industrial chains and government governance has become more prominent.
“As more and more people realize and enjoy the convenience brought by digital life, they are more determined to carry out digital reform. , the determination to actively 'get on the chain'." Pan Helin, executive director of the Institute of Digital Economy of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that during the epidemic prevention period, blockchain technology has advantages in information management, emergency supplies and food safety traceability, and identity authentication management. obvious. For the digital economy or blockchain technology, this epidemic is a development opportunity. After the epidemic has spawned a large number of digital demands, blockchain will play a more important role in production and supply chain collaboration, public safety warning, and financing of small and medium-sized enterprises. Big energy.
Use blockchain technology to build a "virtual factory" for Nankang furniture to trace the origin of Gannan navel orange products... In recent years, Ganzhou blockchain companies have continued to emerge, involving digital licenses, digital bills, and anti-counterfeiting traceability , filing and notarization, copyright protection, digital finance and other businesses are also increasing. To this end, the local government has recently established a blockchain service hall to ensure that these businesses are handled centrally.
Some experts said that from a nationwide perspective, this kind of blockchain service model innovation will crack the blockchain technology and Attempts to combine people's livelihood and the real economy are gradually increasing. As an emerging technology in the digital economy era, blockchain technology also faces many difficulties and obstacles in scientific research and implementation. In terms of technology, blockchain encryption technology faces technical risks such as inference and even traceability; in terms of implementation, there are limited application areas. , low industrial agglomeration effect and other problems; in addition, there are bottlenecks such as lack of professional talents.
Action plans released in many places also target these difficulties and congestion points. For example, the "Beijing Blockchain Innovation and Development Action Plan" proposes four key tasks: innovation-led, building a blockchain theory and technology platform; demand-driven, building a number of multi-field application scenarios; cluster development, cultivating integration linkage The blockchain industry; ensuring the elements and building a leading blockchain talent echelon.
Affected by the epidemic, the accounting period of downstream engineering projects in some industries has become longer, and the pressure on upstream small and medium-sized suppliers has increased accordingly. This once made some small business owners very anxious and afraid to take on big orders.
How to open up business flow, logistics and capital flow, so that the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain can "turn" together? Zhejiang’s approach is to build a blockchain receivables chain platform. The platform puts accounts receivable accumulated in the supply chain online as "blockchain receivables", solving the risk of fraud that is difficult to prevent in traditional accounts receivable financing. After upstream suppliers receive the blockchain receivables issued online by the supply chain enterprises, they can transfer them to the bank for cash on the same day, eliminating the need for cumbersome procedures such as verification and verification, witnessing and confirmation of rights, and "hardening" the upstream and downstream industry chains. "Funds have been mobilized.
Currently, blockchain applications are still in the early, niche and pilot stages. With the implementation of 5G technology, the increase in market data volume and the improvement of technical issues, more application cases are expected to appear in the future.
Experts said that in order to achieve safe and sustainable development of blockchain technology, we must first solve the technical problems, especially the realization of technical security, decentralization, scalability and other issues, which requires all parties to Cooperate fully; secondly, we must promptly pass legislation to protect the legal issues that may be faced during the development of blockchain technology, and at the same time severely crack down on the use of blockchain technology to commit illegal crimes.
⑺ What is the prospect of blockchain content
Analysis of China’s blockchain industry expenditure scale and application prospects in 2018. It will be close to US$300 million in 2019. Solve shortcomings to promote economic developmentBlockchain technology is expected to be widely used in the economic field
Blockchain technology has strong practical significance in cultivating new drivers of economic growth, building an honest society, improving management technology, and easing the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. It is expected to Widely used in economic fields. At present, the application of blockchain technology is still in the early stage of development and faces many challenges. We must actively promote the application of blockchain in multiple fields, scenarios and environments of the economy and society, create a good industrial development environment, improve the quality of development, and strengthen Blockchain core technology research and development, professional application demonstration, strengthening standard manufacturing, talent training and the construction of public service platforms.
China’s blockchain market spending in 2019 will be close to US$300 million
According to the “In-depth Analysis Report on Business Model Innovation and Investment Opportunities in China’s Blockchain Industry” released by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute 》Statistics show that as of 2017, China’s blockchain market expenditure was only US$83 million. In 2018, China’s blockchain market expenditure will reach US$160 million. It is also predicted that China’s blockchain market spending will be close to US$300 million in 2019. At this stage, the overall market size of blockchain is small. This is because most of the blockchain projects on the market are in the experimental stage and the investment is not large. On the other hand, many companies have realized the potential of blockchain and plan to increase their budgets in the future. Affected by this, China's blockchain market will usher in rapid growth, with market expenditures expected to reach US$1.95 billion in 2023. The average annual compound growth rate from 2019 to 2023 is 60.51%.
Statistics and forecasts of China’s blockchain market expenditure from 2017 to 2023
Data source: Compiled by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute
Analysis of unfavorable factors for China’s blockchain development
1. The technology is not mature enough. At present, blockchain technology is not yet mature in terms of system stability, application security, and business models, and cannot meet the requirements of "high efficiency and low energy", "decentralization" and "security" at the same time. First, performance issues. The transaction throughput that can be carried out on the blockchain is not high, and the current block capacity is very small, which leads to network congestion and high-frequency business needs are difficult to meet. Many projects are also working on optimization, but they are far from real scenarios such as banks. There is still a certain distance between the transaction throughput of , stock exchanges, etc. Second, there is the issue of consensus mechanism. In terms of energy consumption, consensus algorithms such as workload proof consume a lot of energy and cost, causing the blockchain to waste a lot of computing power and matching power across the entire network. In terms of types, the current blockchain consensus mechanisms are too few in type and will be diversified in the future. In business scenarios, a richer consensus mechanism is inevitably needed to adapt. Third, security issues. Issues such as privacy protection, harmful information on-chain, smart contract vulnerabilities, consensus mechanism and private key protection, computing power attacks, cryptographic algorithm security, etc. all make the blockchain face a severe situation of platform security and application security. Fourth, database issues. Unlike traditional databases, blockchain applications require a large number of write operations, HASH calculations, and verification operations. Database systems specifically for blockchain are still difficult to overcome.
2. The application scenario is unclear
Currently, the blockchain project is still in the exploratory stage, and no specific implementation scenario can be found. At present, promising areas include finance, sharing economy, Internet of Things, public services, etc. However, judging from the maturity of existing blockchain technology, there are still many problems in blockchain applications, and there is still a gap between actual use. First, the immaturity of blockchain technology has restricted commercial applications. Although there are currently many types of core blockchain technologies such as privacy protection algorithms and consensus mechanisms, they are generally not commercially available. Secondly, the application model of blockchain is still being explored, and the "irreplaceable" advantages of blockchain have not yet been realized. The blockchain itself represents a consensus system, and a consensus system that conforms to the corresponding business scenario should be built from a higher level, not just "business + blockchain". China has a large number of users, complex business scenarios, and any commercial product will involve a very large traffic and population, and the current blockchain technology cannot satisfy it.
3. Scarcity of professional talents
Blockchain technology is a multi-disciplinary and cross-field technology, which mainly involves operating systems, network communications, cryptography, mathematics, and finance. , production, etc., but currently our country still has shortcomings in interdisciplinary subjects and fields, and the supply of talents in related fields is seriously insufficient. On the one hand, there is a huge gap in R&D technical talents. Blockchain technology research and development mainly focuses on programming languages such as Go, Javascript, C and C+, and new smart contracts use new functional programming languages such as Haskell, Ocaml, and Rholang. There is a huge gap in China's talent market for technical talents with senior R&D experience in relevant languages. On the other hand, low-level designersTalent is lacking. Different from R&D technical talents, blockchain underlying system architecture design talents must master multiple cross-disciplinary professional skills. They must not only have an in-depth understanding of the underlying design principles of blockchain and have experience in the design of various system architectures, but also master the business logic of specific application scenarios. . Although some colleges and universities have launched cross-disciplinary education and blockchain-specific technical disciplines, professional talents are still very scarce.
Analysis of favorable factors for the development of China’s blockchain
1. Favorable policies promote development. In January 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the "Software and Information Technology Service Industry Development Plan (2016-2020)", which proposed requirements for innovation in blockchain and other fields to reach international advanced levels. In August 2017, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Expanding and Upgrading Information Consumption to Continuously Release the Potential of Domestic Demand" and proposed to carry out pilot applications based on new technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence. In October 2017, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting Supply Chain Innovation and Application" proposing to study and use emerging technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence to establish a credit evaluation mechanism based on the supply chain.
In March 2018, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the "Key Points of the Standardization Work of the Informatization and Software Service Industry in 2018", proposing to promote the establishment of the National Informatization and Industrialization Integrated Management Standardization Technical Committee, the National Blockchain and Distributed Records Accounting Technology Standardization Committee. In June 2018, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Industrial Internet Development Action Plan (2018-2020)" to encourage and promote the application research of emerging cutting-edge technologies such as edge computing, deep learning, and blockchain in the Industrial Internet.
Since blockchain was first included in the "13th Five-Year Plan" National Informatization Plan in 2016, blockchain has increasingly received attention and attention from the national government. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hebei, Twenty-four provinces, cities or regions including Jiangsu, Shandong, Guizhou, Gansu and Hainan have launched dividend policies, launched the layout of the blockchain industry chain, and actively explored industry applications based on blockchain.
2. The blockchain industry is gradually taking shape
At present, my country’s blockchain technology continues to innovate, and the blockchain industry is gradually taking shape, starting in supply chain finance, credit reporting, and product traceability. , copyright transactions, digital identity, electronic evidence and other fields are expected to promote technological changes, organizational changes and efficiency changes in our country's economic system, making important contributions to building a modern economic system. With the continuous influx of entrepreneurs and capital, the number of enterprises has increased rapidly. Blockchain applications will be implemented faster, boosting the high-quality development of traditional industries, accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading, using blockchain technology to "reduce costs" and "increase efficiency" for the real economy, and promote the standardized development of traditional industries. In addition, blockchain technology is deriving into new business formats and becoming a new driving force for economic development. Blockchain technology is promoting a new round of business model changes and becoming an important support for building an honest social system.
3. Broad application prospects in the future
In the past, the circulation of physical banknotes was difficult to trace, but with the application of blockchain technologyAfter using it, the flow of all digital assets will be traceable. For example, in the financial field, blockchain is expected to solve the pain points and difficulties in the payment field, reduce the complexity of transactions, increase the end-to-end speed of transactions, reduce communication costs in the transaction process, and improve the transparency and non-tamperability of transaction records. The cost of reconciliation, clearing, and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been high, and there are complex manual processes. Blockchain technology has data that cannot be tampered with and is traceable, and its application can help reduce financial costs. The cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between institutions can significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, and also make small-amount cross-border payments possible. In addition, the application of blockchain will also extend to many fields such as medical health, education, charity, social management, etc. The market prospects are very broad.
