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㈠ What is blockchain? Blockchain is virtual currency

Let me tell you about blockchain in a layman’s terms, without using any advanced professional terms. , because that’s too difficult to understand. Let me give you an analogy to make sure you understand it at a glance.

Chinese mahjong can be understood as blockchain. If the four of you ABCD are going to play mahjong, who will say hello? If A greets, then A is the initiator of this block. A is responsible for finding the mahjong parlor. Organizer A can invite BCD, or B can invite C or C can invite D. It doesn't matter.

abcd gathered in a mahjong parlor and started playing mahjong. The process of shuffling the cards in the mahjong machine, drawing cards, and playing cards by abcd can be understood as a mining stage similar to Bitcoin in the blockchain.

Everyone has different cards, which is equivalent to the algorithm in the block, but there is a goal, and they are all for the purpose of cheating. Among them, A cheated, and bcd said nothing. , everyone knows at a glance that A has won. This is called the consensus mechanism in the blockchain.

A is messed up. After A knocked down the mahjong, bcd all know how A got confused and remember it in their hearts. If A wins 10 yuan, both AbCD and A will know that A wins 10 yuan. , this is called distributed accounting in the blockchain.

Everyone who plays mahjong knows what mahjong arrangement can be used, and everyone also knows what cards can be doubled, so this can be understood as a smart contract in the blockchain.

Everyone knows the final winning card of A after A is knocked down. No one can tamper with this result because everyone is watching it. This can be understood as the immutability of the blockchain. sex.

After A announced that he was cheating, everyone did not go to another person, such as E, F, G... to verify. The same was true after B won... no regulatory agency can control it They all manage themselves. This is the decentralization in the blockchain.

By analogy, the four buddies abcd played mahjong for a day, and abcd recorded the winning and losing of each game, no matter what method they used, whether it was brain memory, video recording, or notes. Well, the more they fight, the more they can reflect the immutability, decentralization, distributed accounting, and consensus of the blockchain...

At this point, you Now you basically understand what blockchain is, isn’t it very simple?

The second question is that blockchain is not a virtual currency. Virtual currency is just a part of blockchain technology.

Many people think that virtual currency is the blockchain and Bitcoin is the blockchain. This is actually wrong. It’s just that the fame of Bitcoin has brought blockchain into the public eye.

Satoshi Nakamoto invented Bitcoin using blockchain technology, and he defined Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. The term "electronic cash"It shows that what Satoshi Nakamoto wants to invent is not just a payment system, but a currency system with an independent currency philosophy.

Today’s hotly-hyped virtual currencies, as well as mining, are resisted by many departments and countries. The fundamental purpose is not to waste resources, electricity, etc., but because people with blockchain technology Virtual currency has subverted traditional finance and can easily cause the collapse of traditional finance. I have talked about this in my previous Q&A, so I won’t go into details here.

It can be said that Satoshi Nakamoto and the Bitcoin he invented are the pioneers of the blockchain. It was Satoshi Nakamoto who brought blockchain technology into everyone’s field of vision. Blockchain technology is still widely used in finance, medical care, service industry, big data security...

Let’s talk about this big data. As we all know, the recent Didi incident due to big data security The impact is still quite large. If decentralization in blockchain technology is used, personal data can be obtained and saved through the blockchain. How can there be data leakage? In today's society, with the advancement of science and technology, as long as you use your mobile phone to connect to the Internet, you have no data security. Your personal information has already been leaked completely, so blockchain technology is inevitable for social progress. trend.

Let’s talk about blockchain. I hope you can learn something from it. You can also pay more attention to blockchain technology and improve your cognitive level. (Personally coded by hand)

Blockchain is a distributed storage solution.

Virtual currency is a supporting reward mechanism to promote this plan.

The blockchain is decentralized, so there will be no IDC computer room or centralized data center. The storage of all data is theoretically fragmented. This requires a reward to attract others to join the project, and this reward is virtual currency.

In theory, blockchain can form a dynamically stable and decentralized cloud-like computing resource provision channel.

Bitcoin is the earliest blockchain application, while Ethereum is a second-generation blockchain that can support on-chain applications. The hardware resources required for these applications are provided by miners, so they must be paid Miners pay a certain fee, and the common currency used for this fee is Ethereum.

The biggest attraction of blockchain is decentralization. In theory, applications on the chain will not disappear. No cloud containers will be lost, no data centers will be blown away by typhoons, and there will be no An organization can decide whether it stays or goes.

However, the reality is that there are still a lot of problems in on-chain applications, such as high latency, imperfect infrastructure, the reward-based miner attraction mechanism has not accelerated the on-chain speed as expected, and the virtual currency has prospered alone. Centralization returns to centralized exchanges, and other issues. There is also the inflow of black money, which is making this emerging industry full of uncertainty.

But from a technical perspectiveStarting from this perspective, blockchain technology is indeed the next generation of computer application technology.

Blockchain is a technology, a distributed and decentralized technology that can be applied to storage. Blockchain is not a virtual currency. Virtual currency is just a digital currency made using blockchain technology. Now, for example, the relationship between blockchain and digital currency is like, for example, if you build a dapp application mall on a certain chain, then you A token related to this mall can be issued.

The real connection between blockchain and virtual currency

What we are pursuing now is the application of blockchain technology. You develop a public chain and build many shopping malls, finance, defi, real estate, and tourism on this public chain. Such a dapp, this public chain has value, and then the tokens issued by this public chain have value, just like the current Ethereum, pi network

There are too many on the Internet now The so-called "blockchain digital currency", when we look at virtual currency, we look at what problems the public chain it is on can solve and what value it has, rather than blindly hype it. I think blockchain is the underlying technology. I think we only know The surface of blockchain.

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Author: Leng Leng's point of view

Block Chain is a technology, and virtual currencies like Bitcoin are products of applications on the blockchain. There are many video explanations on my homepage.

Blockchain is a technology, and virtual currency is a product produced by applying blockchain technology.

Bitcoin brought out blockchain technology, making people who don’t know why think that Bitcoin is equivalent to blockchain.

What is blockchain?

Every computer (mobile phone) is a block, which is connected through the Internet to form a blockchain.

Different from the traditional Internet, for example, when playing Douyin, each of us requests the Douyin server, and the Douyin server gives us the video. Everyone who plays Douyin cannot do without the Douyin server, and the Douyin server is our center. There is no center in the blockchain. Everyone (each block) is a server. When a block generates new content, everyone will be notified and everyone will save the new content to their own server. Each block saves The content is the same. If a new user (block) joins, it needs to synchronize the data on the blockchain and update the data to its own server first.

The advantage of blockchain is that it can ensure data security and cannot change the data. It is useless if you change one or two blocks of data. Once the blockchain data is synchronized, it will become the correct value. The traditional central server will not work. Hackers invaded the Douyin server, and all users suffered.

Disadvantages of blockchain are low efficiency. Blockchain requires synchronization of blockchain data for each block. New changes on the blockchain require synchronous updates for users on the entire blockchain network.low efficiency.

Blockchain is a computer model of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, and consensus mechanism. In simple terms, blockchain is a decentralized database. How to use this technology? Is the value reflected? Under the consensus mechanism, a technology such as blockchain is formed to give a specific token, which is BTC

Blockchain is a new Internet application technology that uses distributed storage, passwords The application of emerging technologies such as science, smart contracts, and consensus algorithms can be said to be a new data transmission method that innovates existing Internet protocols. At present, blockchain technology is constantly iterating

1. Blockchain 1.0, symbolizing the birth of Bitcoin; only with Bitcoin can the development of blockchain technology officially occur

2 , Blockchain 2.0, Ethereum decentralized application platform, Ethereum introduces the application of smart contracts, which represents the beginning of a new era of blockchain technology; now everyone can create projects on Ethereum, and in recent years Many good projects have been launched

3. Blockchain 3.0, DeFi opens the era of decentralized finance. DeFi projects use smart contract technology to realize various functions of traditional financial institutions, such as derivatives, Lending, trading, financial management, asset management, and insurance, etc. There are currently mixed reviews for DEFI, which will take time to verify

Although the blockchain originated from Bitcoin, just like the first computer when the Internet first appeared, Bitcoin is mainly used by miners. Mining rewards

Blockchain is a decentralized accounting method. Virtual currency is the product of blockchain.

(ii) How to identify and prevent online financial "blockchain, virtual currency" fraud and MLM schemes

According to incomplete statistics, there are more than a thousand MLM platforms in my country that use the blockchain concept. It can be said that from the "highbrow" to "the mud and sand", this kind of "old wine in a new pot" online fraud MLM has been enduring for a long time and is thought-provoking.

To sum up, these blockchain frauds are nothing more than these two common methods:

One is to "sell dog meat under the guise of a sheep's head" and conduct pyramid schemes in the name of "virtual currency" The truth. For example, investors believe that the FT coin on the Fcoin exchange can maintain this trading dividend model. However, once no new people enter the market to buy it, it will be enough to cause it to collapse.

The other is the so-called "export to domestic sales". For example, in the "OneCoin" case involving a total amount of 1.6 billion yuan, the organization's MLM website and marketing model were established by a Bulgarian organization, and the server was located in Denmark. After my country banned ICOs and closed domestic virtual currency exchanges in accordance with the law, fraud organizations continued to defraud under the slogan of "export to domestic sales".

㈢ Which country is the EP environmental waste classification in? Is it legal in China?

EP environmental protection is suspected of fraud and pyramid schemes. The country has already explicitly prohibited any organization or individual from using digital currencies orVirtual currency is issued under the guise of blockchain.

㈣ What will be the future development of blockchain and virtual currency in my country

Blockchain is a technology, and virtual currency is a digital currency grafted on blockchain technology. The core of blockchain is decentralization. Decentralization requires participation. As a participant, if there is no profit and reward system, I can not participate at all. If everyone does not participate, then blockchain technology cannot achieve it. Centralization. Therefore, they complement each other. The more popular the blockchain technology is and the more people participate, the more valuable the virtual currency will be.

㈤ The "virtual currency" scam was exposed, and someone was defrauded of millions

The "virtual currency" scam was exposed, and someone was defrauded of millions

"Virtual currency" The scam has been exposed, and some people have been defrauded of millions. Making profits through blockchain token games is unstable and may even be a scam. Don't believe in the so-called good opportunities, and be cautious about claims that you can make quick money in a short period of time. The "virtual currency" scam has been exposed, and some people have been defrauded of millions.

The "virtual currency" scam was exposed, and someone was defrauded of millions 1

With the blessing of the concept of the metaverse, various NFT chain game projects are booming, and criminal gangs are also following the trend to develop so-called chain game projects , issue game tokens and list them on decentralized exchanges.

Ling Feng revealed that such online pyramid schemes using virtual currencies as a gimmick had appeared three or four years ago, and there were more cases abroad. "The characteristics of this type of case are obvious. They basically use new virtual currency-related concepts to hype up and attract people to participate in investment." He said.

Ling Feng said, “On Twitter, Tieba and other platforms, if someone takes the initiative to chat privately and introduce their projects to you, then these can basically be judged as scams; if someone sends an invitation code, it is basically a scam. It can be determined as a pyramid scheme."

According to the "2021 Blockchain and Virtual Currency Crime Trend Research Report" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") released by Zhifan Technology, virtual currency The models of MLM cases mainly include exchange model, wallet model, false "smart contract" model, smart contract model, mining machine rental model, cloud mining machine model, quantitative robot model, short video model, matrix DAPP model, and chain game yuan. These 10 typical situations of cosmic patterns.

Take the currently popular "Metaverse" as an example. With the support of the Metaverse concept, various NFT chain game projects are booming, and criminal gangs are also following the trend to develop so-called chain game projects and issue Game tokens are listed on decentralized exchanges.

The "Report" pointed out that such cases usually involve project parties attracting investors through hot spots, affiliated with well-known projects, etc., continuously increasing the value of game tokens, and relying on high returns from a combination of dynamic and static To attract more speculators to join, the essence is still to expand the fund pool by relying on users to exchange the mainstream currency consumed by the platform currency, and the project team takes the opportunity to arbitrage money and run away.

Industry insiders analyze that as a new form of online pyramid selling, virtual goodsCoin MLM is highly concealed, but the scams are ever-changing, and they are nothing more than three typical characteristics: first, the entry fee, investors need to pay a fee to qualify to join; second, soliciting people, the income of MLM participants comes from their The fees paid by the downline members developed; the third is compound remuneration, with remuneration based on the number of directly or indirectly developed personnel.

In response to the above-mentioned situations, relevant departments are also increasing supervision. For example, at the end of February 2022, the Supreme People's Court included virtual currency transactions into the illegal absorption of funds for the first time. In addition, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has also previously issued risk warnings on preventing illegal fund-raising in the name of "Yuanverse".

The reporter noticed that during this year’s two sessions, many deputies to the National People’s Congress and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference also expressed their views on strengthening the supervision of industries related to the Metaverse. Tan Jianfeng, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, president of the Fifth Space Information Technology Research Institute, and honorary president of the Shanghai Information Security Industry Association, said that currently, NFT virtual artworks (such as cartoon portraits, electronic oil paintings) based on blockchain technology When the "Metaverse" becomes popular, but supervision is difficult to implement, new money laundering channels may be formed.

"To deepen the development of the digital economy, it must be integrated with the real economy. However, at the same time, we must beware of capital taking advantage of national development plans and hot concepts to create new virtual economic bubbles and prevent individuals from taking advantage of policy dividends." ', cutting investors' leeks." Tan Jianfeng said.

Wang Peng, associate professor at Renmin University of China, told reporters that online fraud, including telecommunications fraud and illegal fund-raising, is currently emerging in an endless stream, mainly taking advantage of two public mentality. One is the emergence of new technologies, new elements or new applications. , everyone generally does not understand it; the second is the speculative psychology, speculating without understanding and trying to make a quick buck.

To this end, Wang Peng put forward the following suggestions to prevent online fraud using concepts such as the Yuanverse and NFT as gimmicks. First, relevant government regulatory authorities should strengthen crackdowns, discover relevant clues in a timely manner, and cut off, Deal with it in a timely manner, rather than deal with it after turning small problems into big social problems;

Second, industry associations and other relevant professional institutions should target the Metaverse and NFT Wait for new technologies to introduce relevant industry codes and strengthen public education; third, the mass media should strengthen relevant publicity. On the one hand, it should strengthen publicity on the technology application itself and remove the mystery of the technology; on the other hand, it should increase everyone's risk awareness. .

"Finally, I think from my own point of view, firstly, we should strengthen the study of technology, and don't follow what others say. Risks and returns are directly proportional. The higher the returns, the higher the risks; secondly, don't believe in the so-called It’s a good opportunity, so be cautious about saying you can make quick money in a short period of time, and think about the problem from a long-term perspective,” Wang Peng said.

The "virtual currency" scam was exposed, and someone was defrauded out of millions 2

Recently, more than 150,000 young people in the Philippines are addicted to playing a pet-raising game to make money. ThatThe principle is that players obtain electronic cards by raising an elf. This kind of card is actually a kind of virtual currency, and players can freely trade it on a dedicated online encryption trading platform in exchange for real currency.

These young people obtain virtual currencies by "mining" and can earn an income ranging from several hundred dollars per month. This is essentially a blockchain token game wrapped in a game. However, in the Philippines, where the per capita monthly income is about US$200, you can also earn a lot of money playing games, which is undoubtedly very attractive to young people. .

However, it should be noted that making profits through blockchain token games is unstable and may even be a scam. For example, the "Mars Volunteers" blockchain game became popular at the beginning of this year. Although it has attracted the attention of Metaverse and Musk, promoting "play and earn" and earning up to 10,000 times, it needs to spend more than 600 yuan to purchase virtual currency first. In the end, the high profits promoted by the game were wiped out due to the collapse of currency value.

In response to this kind of behavior, the "Risk Warning on Preventing Illegal Fund-raising in the Name of "Yuanverse"" issued by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on February 18 this year mentioned that, Some criminals took advantage of the hot spots and absorbed funds under the names of "Yuanshi Investment Project" and "Yuanshi Chain Game", and were suspected of illegal fund-raising, fraud and other illegal and criminal activities. In essence, how much money can be exchanged for virtual tokens obtained under the guise of playing games is based on extremely unstable market transaction values. Once it collapses, it will eventually become a bubble game.

Therefore, China has always focused on the supervision of Bitcoin. In May last year, the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council held a meeting, requiring resolute prevention and control of financial risks and crackdown on Bitcoin mining and trading. From a purely technical perspective, professional mining machines are far more efficient than ordinary game-playing machines in terms of blockchain “mining” efficiency. China once accounted for more than 60% of the global "mining" computing power, and many "miners" deployed massive mining machines in China in search of cheap energy sources such as small hydropower.

However, even though China can obtain some overseas income by mining various currencies such as Bitcoin, it still resolutely shut down mines in various places, and its proportion of global computing power quickly dropped to less than 5%. This is the right decision, because a huge amount of energy is wasted just to produce casino chips, which is not beneficial to China as a whole. Many people have discovered that the previous surge in the price of graphics cards is related to the large number of graphics cards being used for mining. If young people are encouraged to participate in blockchain currency speculation, the consequences will be even worse.

However, there are not many countries in the world that are as resolute in regulating and shutting down all kinds of blockchain currency speculation as China. Due to the huge pressure in life, Korean youths have participated in digital currency games, hoping to get rich overnight. In the winter of 2017, two-thirds of the world’s largest Bitcoin transactions occurred in South Korea.

There is no doubt that the development of digital technology is the highlight of the global economy in the new century, but it is not necessarily a good thing for young people in the "e era".Young people in most countries around the world grew up in an era of rapid development of digital technology. Influenced by various myths about getting rich, their perception of wealth is also changing. The way that the previous generation worked hard on factory assembly lines to accumulate wealth is "gone" in the minds of young people and is no longer attractive.

In fact, for countries with a large labor force and lack of employment opportunities, such as the Philippines, even factory assembly line jobs with average incomes are a good starting point for young people, and factories can also provide a large number of jobs. The local government Very welcome. However, electronic culture invaded these countries before industrial culture, and only low-end computers and mobile phones were enough to make young people in the entire country addicted to it.

Therefore, some countries are aware of this problem and will guide digital technology to the right uses, such as promoting remote teaching during the epidemic, limiting the time for teenagers to play games, and Game content is regulated. However, the development levels of countries around the world are different. It is no longer easy to enjoy the fruits of digital technology through development. To further promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages, it poses higher challenges.

No matter how advanced science and technology are, if the country wants to achieve long-term development, the spirit of young people’s hard work cannot be lost. It is the proper meaning of a positive energy society to get rid of the fog woven by technology and correctly understand the Ponzi schemes or bubble economic hype under various new packages.

With the continuous advancement of various technologies such as artificial intelligence, robots, and new energy, the nature of labor in traditional industries may one day fundamentally change, but this change requires leading young people to real jobs. scientific and technological innovation, rather than increasingly indulging in the bubble game of "capital and human nature".

"Virtual currency" scam exposed, someone was defrauded out of millions

In daily life, there are often calls from strangers claiming to recruit people into stock groups for free; there are also often advertisements for various stock lectures on online platforms. Many people have the mentality of just joining the group to watch and listen to the classes without spending any money. Unexpectedly, they fall into the whirlpool of being cheated step by step and suffer heavy losses. During the investigation, the reporter found that the so-called "teachers" in these stock groups first recommended stocks. After gaining trust, they would recommend self-issued virtual digital currencies to defraud investors of their money.

"Virtual currency" claimed to be 100 times premium, and the website closed down and ran away

After lurking into the stock group as an investor, the reporter found that there were many victims across the country because of free money. And join the group.

Sound source - lecture audio of a certain stock group: Bateman is my country's first and only digital currency platform that is about to be launched. The platform wants to issue its platform currency equivalent to its stock, which is equivalent to an IPO. I expect its platform currency to have a premium of 10 to 20 times, or even 100 times.

Under the temptation of so-called huge profits of 10 times to 100 times, many people buy large amounts of "virtual coins". Suddenly, Bateman’s virtual currency trading platform shut down overnight without warning.The voting group was disbanded, and no so-called "teacher" or "customer service" could be contacted anymore, and all the funds invested by the victims could not be withdrawn. Some victims said that the amount of money they were defrauded reached up to one million yuan.

Beijing investors: At 1 o'clock in the morning on April 9, I woke up in the middle of the night and took a look at the disk on my mobile phone. I found that the platform could not be opened, all the numbers were gone, and my account number was also gone. It's empty, those groups are gone, and all links can't be opened. In total, I was defrauded of more than 400,000 yuan, and some were defrauded of more than 1 million yuan.

Investor from Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province: My husband was sick, and we took out a loan. Basically, the more than 1 million yuan was borrowed. The main problem now is that I have children who are studying. If I can't pay off my credit card, my credit score will be affected. If my children can't study, my credit will be in trouble. I'm at my wits end.

A woman with nearly 20 years of stock trading experience is very cautious in investing and feels that she will not be cheated. At first, she watched other people in the group follow the teacher to operate digital currencies. Unmoved either. However, as people in the group kept posting some super-profitable profit screenshots, and the "teachers" continued to brainwash them, they invested their first money with the mentality of giving it a try.

Investors from Pingdingshan City, Henan Province: I still couldn't resist the temptation. I transferred 4,000 yuan first, then won the lottery again during the new lottery. I bought it again at 12 o'clock in the evening, which was equivalent to a total investment of 44,000 yuan. After investing in it, he said it was a lock-up period and started to issue platform coins again. The platform coins were 10 times more profitable.

Xia Yu, a lawyer at Beijing Kangda Law Firm: According to Article 266 of my country’s Criminal Law, suspected of fraud, depending on the specific circumstances of the crime, may be sentenced to a maximum of more than 10 years. Imprisonment, even life imprisonment.

Using stock lectures as a cover to deceive the elderly with human kindness

Why is this common fraud scheme so successful? The reporter found that in addition to playing emotional cards to gain the trust of victims, the most important thing is that these fraud gangs have repeatedly pretended to be large-scale formal financial platforms to endorse themselves, fabricating some false stories of getting rich overnight to lure victims into taking the bait.

The reporter saw in the stock group that this online lecture platform is called "LANXESS Double Lecture Hall". Investors joined through the stock teaching advertisements it released, and many people initially entered the platform to listen to the lessons with the mentality of giving it a try. In addition to giving lectures, the so-called "teacher" will also post long articles to answer questions for the "students" in the middle of the night every day, and the "assistant teacher" with a beautiful girl's avatar will answer the stock questions of the "students" at any time. After gradually gaining trust, the "teacher" persuades the "students" to buy virtual digital currency.

Investor in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province: He started to recommend a few stocks to you and made money. However, he ignored the next few stocks he recommended and kept asking you to hold them. Then he said that the current market is not good. Let you sell all your stocks and buy new coins.

Beijing investors: The profits of virtual currency are too high. They can rise from a few yuan to dozens of yuan in a short time. Our final speculation is to reach 10 times. He lectures in a persuasive and instructive manner, with a strong human touch and special concern for people.

Many victims told reporters that they had also had suspicions, but fraud gangs often used the identities of some large brokerage firms as endorsements to confuse investors. The reporter saw in the stock group that once an investor If you express doubts, you will be banned or kicked out of the group immediately. In the end, the victims who have never been exposed to virtual currencies and lack financial knowledge are left behind.

The victims revealed to reporters that until now they have never seen this so-called Mr. Li of the securities company, and they don’t even know his full name.

Moreover, they realized afterward that the "Bateman Virtual Currency Trading Platform" did not actually exist, and the so-called "virtual currency" new prices and price increases and decreases were not real and were completely a fraud. A digital illusion directed and performed by the platform.

Five types of online fraud are repeatedly banned, and the police warn of risks

At present, many victims have reported the crime. During the investigation, the reporter found that there are still many similar fraud gangs still committing fraud. So, how should ordinary investors avoid being cheated?

Multiple victims told reporters that they have recently discovered that new stock lecture platforms and new digital currency trading platforms have emerged. When they registered and logged in using their mobile phone numbers and ID card information, they found that anyone who had previously registered on the Bateman Trading Platform had their accounts frozen after registering on the new so-called "Osman Trading Platform". Enter.

Beijing investor: I discovered an Ottoman platform, which is also a digital currency. The content is the same as Bateman, but the name is different. There are some differences in currency types, but other operation methods, including fund management, new currency subscription, flow inquiry, etc., are exactly the same.

The reporter found on multiple online platforms that many victims were deceived by the same method at different times. Except for the different names of the platforms and lecturers, the other deception methods were almost exactly the same. Many victims have called the police after learning that they were deceived.

Staff of Hongxing Police Station, Daxing Branch of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau: This case has been filed and investigation has been launched, and the criminal police will be responsible for the later investigation.

The police said that there are many similar fraud cases, and investors must be more vigilant. If they feel abnormal after transferring money to an unfamiliar account, they should call the police immediately.

At present, there are more than 50 types of fraud discovered by the public security organs, among which 5 main types of cases occur frequently, namely online bill rebates, false investment and financial management, and false online loans. , pretending to be customer service, and pretending to be public prosecutor.

Xia Yu, lawyer at Beijing Kangda Law Firm: HereInvestors are reminded to choose formal and legal investment channels. Keep in mind that "pie in the sky will never fall" and be wary of investments with ultra-high returns.

㈥ Guangzhou Huangpu District applies blockchain to garbage classification smart management project

On July 6, the Guangzhou Municipal Public Resources Network announced the "Urban Management and Comprehensive Law Enforcement in Huangpu District, Guangzhou" In order to meet the procurement needs of the Municipal Bureau of Urban Waste Classification Smart Management Project, the introduction of blockchain technology has become a highlight of the project.

Blockchain is naturally suitable for multi-party collaboration scenarios, and garbage classification requires the participation of multiple parties including the government, enterprises and the public, which means that there are prerequisites for the combination of blockchain and garbage classification. Utilizing the integration of technologies such as blockchain and the Internet of Things to upload garbage classification processing data to the chain in real time, it can enhance the collaboration efficiency of relevant entities and achieve refined management of the garbage classification industry.

Although there are currently not too many garbage classification projects related to blockchain, especially blockchain + environmental protection projects that cover the entire industry chain are still being explored. But it is a blue ocean area. Blockchain + garbage classification has just begun. The concept of blockchain + environmental protection is spreading rapidly.

㈦ What is blockchain? Explanation of blockchain technology

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database.

At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify its Validity of information (anti-counterfeiting) and generation of the next block.

The blockchain is a public data list, and each record in it is called a block. These blocks are connected together like a chain to form a blockchain. Just like an idiom solitaire, there must be some connection between adjacent words to form a word chain. The same is true for blockchain, but the connection between blocks is much more complex.

(7) Extended reading on garbage classification blockchain virtual currency

Blockchain technology innovation does not mean speculating on virtual currencies, and that kind of utilization should be prevented Behaviors such as issuing virtual currencies and speculating on air coins on the blockchain. At the same time, we should also note that blockchain is still in its early development stage and needs further development and improvement in terms of security, standards, supervision, etc.

The general direction is not wrong, but it is necessary to avoid rushing in and duplicating construction, and to open up the imagination space of the blockchain in orderly competition. China has a good foundation in the field of blockchain. Some large Internet companies have already laid out their plans. The talent pool is relatively sufficient and the application scenarios are rich. It is fully qualified to achieve a leading position in this new track.

Updated fromFrom a broad perspective, human beings can develop civilization because they have achieved effective cooperation among large-scale groups of people. The "invisible hand" explained by Adam Smith also realizes the division of labor and cooperation in human society through the market mechanism.

From this perspective, blockchain has greatly expanded the breadth and depth of human trust and collaboration. Perhaps, blockchain is not only the next generation of Internet technology, but also the next generation of cooperation mechanisms and organizational forms.

㈧ The virtual currency fund scam in the blockchain

First, all virtual currencies that are not satisfied by virtual currencies are centralized. These virtual currencies that die in the entire system Currency has entered the 2.0 era, and the concept of smart contracts has been added. The entire process runs automatically and is not transferred according to anyone's will. In this regard, virtual currency does not meet the characteristics of fund fraud

Second, virtual currency does not The agreed high rate of return, the value of the virtual currency is determined by the consensus of everyone, and there is a possibility of depreciation as well as rise. It is chaotic and uninterrupted 24 hours a day. No one can guarantee a stable high rate of return when investing in virtual currency. Bitcoin at the beginning of the year It has fallen by more than 70%, and virtual currencies have fallen many times in history

Thirdly, virtual currencies do not rely on multi-level circulation. I have never introduced virtual currency investment to friends around me, unless they voluntarily propose it. Otherwise, I believe that this is a very high risk for everyone. Even Teacher Li Xiaolai’s candy project only provides candy tokens

Therefore, the blockchain virtual currency is not a fraud, but now many people use the blockchain There are so many misunderstandings about playing fake goods in virtual currency and destroying market reputation. However, it is also possible to encounter fraud and air currency, but the blockchain and virtual currency cannot be completely equated with fraud.

㈨ What is blockchain mining and what does it do? Detailed introduction to blockchain and virtual currency

When Bitcoin was first released, people discovered that it was decentralized and not subject to any center. Control; it is completely open, except for the encryption of transaction information, the entire system information is highly transparent, and the technology is open source; security, as long as you cannot control %51 of all nodes, you cannot modify the data arbitrarily, which makes it relatively safe; independence , the entire model and Bitcoin do not rely on any third party. All nodes verify and exchange data within the system without any intervention

Here we explain in detail what blockchain technology is. To put it bluntly, it is a block + chain, then what is a "block"? What is a "chain" again?

A block is a ledger. Transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervising the legality of the transaction, and at the same time Can jointly testify for it

Each block contains the cryptographic hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually a hash value calculated using the Merkle tree algorithm) represents), such a design makes the block content difficult toWith the characteristics of tampering. The distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties, and can permanently verify this transaction.

The function of the hash function h(): convert a string of any length into a fixed-length (for example, 256 bits) output. The output is also called a hash value. This output is irreversible

It is difficult to find two different x and y such that h(x) = h(y), that is, two different inputs, There will be different output. Theoretically, two different inputs may have different outputs, but this is almost impossible. For example, if an infinite space is mapped to a finite space, there must be a many-to-one situation. The theory exists, but there are no rules. It is guaranteed that you cannot find this result through any mathematical inference. Why is it 256 bits here? Isn't it longer? Because 256 bits are secure enough.

Split the ledger into blocks. For example, a piece of paper in a book is a block. Each block records transactions within a period of time, such as 10 minutes.

We divide Each piece of paper is likened to a block. A part of content is added to each block. We call it a block header, which records the hash value of the parent block. Each block stores the hash value of the parent block. , connect all blocks smoothly to form a blockchain

Record the hash value of block 1 to the block header of block 2. In this way, the block header of each block is recorded The hash value of the parent block, each block is linked in order, this is called a blockchain. The first block has no block header and is also called the genesis block

The blockchain is a ledger. Only when transactions occur in the ledger will the money in your account increase. If you need to make a transaction, you first need an account number and password. Just like your bank card has an account number and password, others can make a transfer to you. The account password on the block ledger is the public key and private key

Lao Wang (who already has a private key and a public key) wants to transfer 10 BTC to Zhang, which requires some operations

It is proved that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer signature function Sign (Lao Wang’s private key + Transfer information: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) = signature of this special account
The verification is that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer verification function Verify (Lao Wang’s address + Transfer details: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) + Signature of this transfer) = true
Once the transfer is recorded in the block, no one can change it. Zhang San will increase it by 10 BTC, and Lao Wang will decrease it by 10 BTC accordingly. The entire operation is automatic, such as your wallet The app will help you do this. The app knows your private key. You tell the wallet the transaction content, and the wallet signature is announced to the entire network, waiting for others to verify the transaction

Centralized accounting will be more efficient. Banks, governments or Alipay can help you keep accounts, which is very reliable, because they cannot touch your money unless they have your private key

There are some shortcomings in centralized accounting

In decentralization, everyone can keep accounts, and everyone can keep a complete ledger. Anyone can download open source programs, participate in Bitcoin's p2p network, monitor transactions sent from all over the world, become an accounting node, and participate in accounting. Suppose Xiaoyi releases a transaction and broadcasts it to the entire network, and accounting node A listens. When this transaction arrives, A verifies that the transaction bit is true and puts it into the transaction pool to continue spreading to other nodes. Because it is spread through the network, the transaction pools of different accounting nodes are not necessarily the same at the same time. Every 10 minutes, from all accounting nodes Among the nodes, select one according to a certain method. After verifying that the transaction of this node is true, then compare the transaction records in the transaction pool of this selected node with the transaction records in the transaction pool of your own (A) node. The comparison is completed. After that, the transactions recorded by the selected accounting nodes will be deleted from the own transaction pool, and the other accounting nodes will continue to record and wait for the next selection. There is a cycle every 10 minutes. During this 10 minutes, all accounting nodes will record accounts normally. , 10 minutes later, a node will be selected to use the transactions in its transaction pool as a new block. This block comes from the transaction pool of an accounting node I randomly selected among all the accounting nodes, and the cycle continues

A transaction is not completed when it is recorded. Only when the transaction becomes a certain block, the transaction is truly completed. This is a complete accounting process of decentralization. Your transaction will not be recorded immediately because the p2p network propagation takes time. If the node of the selected block has not received your transaction, the transaction will be not done. A block is generated every 10 minutes, but not all transactions within 10 minutes can be recorded. 10 minutes is just an average value

Due to the characteristics of decentralized accounting, accounting nodes with accounting rights will receive a 50BTC reward every ten minutes, which is about the same for every 210,000 blocks. In 4 years, the reward is halved. Bitcoin has been halved twice since its issuance. Then a new block is generated every ten minutes. The reward for this accounting node is 10.5 BTC. If it is halved every 4 years, the total number of BTC can be calculated. The amount is approximately 21 million, and it is expected to be mined in 2040. Recording the reward of a block is also the only way to issue Bitcoin. When BTC is mined, the only income that the accounting node can obtain is the transaction fee.

Accounting nodes compete for accounting rights through questions,

Find a certain random number that makes the equation invalid
SHA256 hash function (random number + parent block hash value + Transactions in the transaction pool) A certain specified value)
Traverse randomly starting from 0There is no other solution except luck. The process of solving the problem is also called mining, so the accounting node that solves this problem is also called a miner. The faster you traverse the random numbers, the more likely you are to get the accounting right. The greater the accuracy, this traversal speed is called computing power by mine bosses. In order to obtain this computing power, mine bosses will buy more mining machines with higher computing power

Who will be first? Whoever solves the problem correctly will get the accounting rights. Accounting node A is the first to find the solution, which is announced to the entire network. After other nodes verify that it is correct, node A obtains the block, gains 12.5 BTC, and restarts a new round of calculation after the new block. This method is called (POW) allocating accounting rights

It usually takes about 10 minutes to solve this random number. 10 is not absolute, because the process of solving this problem is a process of luck. In response to changes in computing power in the future, Bitcoin will increase or decrease the difficulty every 2016 blocks, about two weeks, so that the average block generation time is ten minutes

Each block contains The encrypted hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually represented by a hash value calculated by the Merkle tree algorithm) are included. This design makes the block content difficult to tamper with. The distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties, and can permanently verify this transaction.

Different from traditional stored data, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Each node of the blockchain stores independently and has equal status. Relying on The consensus mechanism ensures storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through a central node.

Mahjong is a traditional Chinese blockchain project. A group of four miners work together. The miner who first collides with the correct hash value of 13 numbers can obtain the accounting rights and be rewarded.

Many people say that blockchain is a scam and Bitcoin is a scam. This may be a scam, but this technology has been widely recognized and applied. The cryptography knowledge involved in blockchain can only be used by ordinary people. Even if you don’t understand it, the most important thing is to look at the problem from a relatively rational perspective. Don’t let the wind be the rain.

There is something incredible about this technology. It maintains absolute order without a center or supervision. This is the trust that only needs to be established by everyone’s consensus. Bitcoin created this consensus. In the blockchain In the world everyone is fair and equal.