区块链垂直行业应用,中国区块链技术产业图谱垂直

随着区块链技术的发展，它的应用也越来越广泛，为各行各业都带来了一定的影响。在中国，区块链技术产业图谱的垂直拓展也是很重要的，其中包括三个关键词：供应链金融、智能合约和跨境支付。

供应链金融是指通过区块链技术，为供应链企业提供贷款、投资和其他金融服务，以满足其资金需求。供应链金融具有许多优势，如更低的贷款成本、更高的流动性、更快的贷款审批速度、更安全的数据保护等。供应链金融可以改善企业的资金状况，提高企业的经济效率，促进企业的发展。

智能合约是一种利用区块链技术实现的自动执行的合同，它可以实现双方自动执行合同的约定，而无需人工介入。智能合约可以有效降低交易成本，提高交易效率，确保交易安全，控制交易风险，减少交易纠纷。它也可以用于跨境支付，改善支付环境，提高支付效率，降低支付成本，保障支付安全。

跨境支付是指在国际贸易中，跨境支付技术可以帮助企业更快捷、更安全、更便捷地完成跨境支付交易。使用区块链技术可以有效提高跨境支付的安全性和便捷性，更有效地防止欺诈和资金洗钱。此外，区块链技术还可以提高跨境支付的透明度和可追溯性，有利于企业更好地管理跨境支付的风险。

总之，区块链技术对中国区块链技术产业图谱的垂直拓展有着重要的作用，例如供应链金融、智能合约和跨境支付等，它们都可以帮助企业更有效地管理资金，提高交易的安全性和便捷性，促进企业的发展。

Ⅰ What fields do these blockchain application companies mainly focus on?

There are many application scenarios for blockchain. Next, the little secretary will tell you about several fields that are currently widely used:

(1) Blockchain + electronic invoice

In August this year, Shenzhen The National Taxation Bureau and Tencent will jointly form a laboratory management committee and jointly release the first blockchain invoice in the country, marking that the era of blockchain invoices has arrived.

(2) Blockchain + product traceability

On Tmall’s Double 11 today, Tmall once again boasted a turnover of 213.5 billion yuan. Ant blockchain product traceability was applied to 150 million products such as diamonds, imported milk powder, beauty cosmetics, health products, Wuchang rice, and Maotai during Double Eleven, which once again demonstrated the charm of the new technology blockchain to consumers. In addition to Tmall, JD.com’s cold chain also traces the origin of JD.com’s fresh food. Many e-commerce platforms have also begun to apply blockchain in the field of product traceability. Vaccine incident

(3) Blockchain + content
The first public chain - Ulord, users can build decentralized applications through this platform and conduct digital media without third-party intervention For content sharing, Ushare, the world's first decentralized experience value sharing platform based on the Ulord public chain, has begun public testing. Ushare gives non-head users the opportunity to advance through the ranks, eliminating the need for content middlemen. Through the pricing contract mechanism, tokens are distributed to everyone who forwards, likes, and reads, changing some of the current unreasonable interest patterns, making the entire mechanism more scientific, and the same content is distributed more widely.
(4) Blockchain + Finance

Technology giant IBM officially launched a blockchain-based cross-border payment solution at the end of August 2018 - IBM Blockchain World Wire. European banking groups, including HSBC, announced in July this year the completion of the first real-time blockchain-based cross-border financial transaction. In June 2018, Ant Financial announced that the world's "first" blockchain-based e-wallet cross-border remittance service was launched in Hong Kong, and the first remittance was completed on-site.
(5) Blockchain + Insurance

The mutual insurance that has suddenly become popular in the past two days is the innovative result of the combination of insurance and blockchain. After eliminating the high threshold of traditional commercial insurance, Mutual Insurance adopts a 0-yuan insurance purchase method to maintain fairness with the rule that one person's illness is shared by many people. Users can buy what they want and quit when they want. The platform only charges some management fees, which makes the district The concept of open and transparent distribution after decentralization of the blockchain is fully developed and exquisite. High transparency is achieved through blockchain technology, ensuring that there will be no insurance fraud or default.
(6) Blockchain + Intelligent Manufacturing

Alibaba, JD.com, IBM and other countriesWell-known domestic and foreign companies have begun to get involved in the blockchain + smart manufacturing business. IBM cooperated with Blue Ocean Camel to build a blockchain + foreign trade supply chain intelligent platform, Alibaba Cloud launched its own enterprise-level blockchain service BaaS (Blockchain as a Service), JD.com’s blockchain service platform Zhizhen Chain, etc.

(7) Blockchain + Medical

The main advantages of blockchain technology are decentralization, non-tamperability of information, and information transmission and sharing based on consensus mechanism. In all aspects, we can achieve the purpose of ensuring information security in various scenarios.

Overviewing the current development of blockchain technology and the characteristics of the medical field, we believe that the application of blockchain in the medical field can be mainly divided into the following four aspects: institutional medical information security and privacy protection; Personal medical information security and privacy protection, medical insurance and supply chain management.

Ⅱ At present, what are the more reliable public blockchain chains in China?

In the past, whenever we mentioned blockchain, we would always think of foreign products, such as Ethereum. Square, but when I talk about this topic today, I will think more about China’s own blockchain technology.

At present, the mature applications of blockchain technology are more concentrated in some public chain projects, because many application projects need to be developed based on this, so I think that the current global One of the general directions for implementation is public chain projects. It is still too early to talk about maturity. After all, Bitcoin and Ethereum are still very congested. There are still many old problems that have not been solved, and many new problems will arise. The more well-known ones are Bytom, Ulord (the project is abroad, but the technology is provided by the domestic company Hunan Tianhe Guoyun Co., Ltd.), Quantum Chain, Xiaoyi NEO, Gongxinbao, etc.

Ulord is a point-to-point value transfer public chain. By building the underlying blockchain architecture and digital resource distribution protocol, it supports third-party developers to build their own applications on top of its open source protocol, and interacts with many industries. Partners work together to build a complete ecosystem of blockchain technology and applications.

Based on various rules and protocols created by Ulord, it is convenient to graft various digital resource application scenarios including text, pictures, music, videos, software, etc., and provide direct communication between information creators and consumers. docking platform. Third-party developers can build their own economic systems in Ulord, or they can focus on building various applications around Ulord, using the UlordToken in Ulord as in-system credentials.

For example, an experience sharing platform can be built on Ulord. Experience sharers price the published experiences. People who obtain experience information trade on the platform, and every fee paid to the experience sharers will be paid immediately. Account; product promoters can publish advertisements on Ulord, price the advertisements, and people who are interested in the advertisements and click on the advertisements can get certain benefits, etc. Different from the past, information transmission requires the help of platforms or other centralized institutions for dissemination and profit.This model removes intermediate links and allows information providers and consumers to connect directly through Ulord, ensuring that the interests of the original creator are maximized.

Ⅲ What is the public chain in the blockchain?

Public chain is also called "public chain", which means that anyone in the world can enter the system at any time to read data, Send a blockchain that confirms transactions and competes for accounting. Public blockchains are generally considered "completely decentralized" because no individual or institution can control or tamper with the reading and writing of data in it. In terms of application, public blockchain chains mainly include Bitcoin, Ethereum, Hyperledger, most altcoins, and smart contracts. The ancestor of the public blockchain chain is the Bitcoin blockchain, which has the following characteristics ：

1. The code is open source

The code is uploaded to github, and everyone can download the complete blockchain data and accept the test of the public.

2. Complete decentralization

Anyone can become a node, every node is public, everyone can participate in the calculation of the blockchain, and any node can It is not permanent, but periodic, and no center is mandatory for nodes. Anyone can read and send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed on the blockchain, and anyone can participate in the consensus process. The consensus process determines which block can be added to the blockchain, and its exact current state. Everyone can receive financial rewards, proportional to their contribution in the consensus process. These public chains are often considered to be “completely decentralized.”

3. Develop decentralized applications

Program developers can easily develop decentralized applications through this public chain. Public chains can protect users’ rights and interests from the influence of program developers.

IV What are the public blockchain chains?

Blockchains include public blockchains, joint (industry) blockchains, and private blocks chain. Public chain peer-to-peer electronic cash system: Bitcoin, smart contracts and decentralized application platform: Ethereum.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of cryptographic methods related to each other. Each data block generated contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

(4) What are the further readings for public chains in the vertical field of blockchain?

According to the different degrees of centralization of the blockchain network, there are three types of blockchains in different application scenarios:

1. The entire network is open to the public and there is no user authorization mechanism. blockchain,It is called a public chain;

2. Authorized nodes are allowed to join the network and can view information according to their permissions. It is often used in inter-organizational blockchains, called alliance chains or industry chains;

3. All nodes in the network are in the hands of an organization, which is called a private chain.

Consortium chains and private chains are also collectively called permissioned chains, and public chains are called non-permissioned chains.

Blockchain Characteristics

1. Decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management agencies or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes self-verification, transmission and management of information through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain.

2. Openness. The foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface. Therefore, the entire System information is highly transparent.

3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as the hash algorithm used by Bitcoin), the entire blockchain system does not rely on other third parties. All nodes can automatically and securely verify and exchange data within the system without the need for any human intervention.

4. Security. As long as you cannot control 51% of all data nodes, you cannot manipulate and modify network data at will. This makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes.

5. Anonymity. Unless required by legal regulations, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and information transfer can be carried out anonymously.

IV How many public chains are there in China at present?

There are three major public chains in China: NEO, Qtum, and LCC digital chain.

NEO Xiaoyi:

NEO Xiaoyi was founded in 2014 and open sourced on github in June 2015. The characteristic of the NEO public chain is that it can make blockchain applications more secure and efficient through a series of technical combinations such as point-to-point network, Byzantine fault tolerance, digital certificates, and smart contracts.

Qtum Quantum Chain:

Quantum Chain is a contract hub established through the collaboration of partners and third parties, and is suitable for various industries. The development of business smart contracts is standardized, including converting natural language contracts into machine-readable smart contracts, with a high fault tolerance rate. For third parties, the assistance of Quantum Chain can be used to complete the docking with users.

LCC Digital Chain:

Launched in November 2017

Compared with the other two public chains, both the growth rate and the market value are huge. There is room for growth, and the following points are optimistic about LCC:

1. The digital chain uses pure POW machinesSystem is fairer, more mechanical and more decentralized than POS.

2. Smart contracts, superconducting consensus, nano-nodes

3. It is the easiest to get started among the current public chains with the lowest threshold. Any computer can participate in the network, and a true universal community can be realized. Blockchain.

4. Applications are constantly being implemented: block chess and cards, block cities, etc.

In the digital cryptocurrency market headed by Bitcoin, there is a kind of public chain basic smart contract. Strictly speaking, the current Bitcoin is also a public chain, followed by the most famous Ethereum. These have been tested by the market for several years and can still occupy the first and second place in the digital currency market value rankings. the existence of names.

If you have to focus on the domestic public chain, around 2016, with the rise of Ethereum, many domestic copycat digital currencies began to enter the public chain in the name of blockchain. The chain started smart contracts. At that time, the three most popular chains were basically NEO Ant, Quantum QTUM, and ONT. During the Bitcoin bull market cycle in 2017, these three were hailed as the most promising domestic public chains to surpass Ethereum.

However, according to the current market value, we have also seen that Ant NEO, ranked 23rd, and Quantum QTUM, ranked 63rd, have basically been classified as altcoins. This is especially true for Ontology ranked outside the 80th place. Therefore, we can see that in the smart contract market, digital currencies that are committed to public chains are basically Ethereum and Bitcoin, which are the leaders.

So don’t get hung up on domestic or foreign digital currencies, because the virtual encrypted digital currency market itself, headed by Bitcoin, has no national boundaries and exists. The entire Internet market relies on the entire market node to operate normally.

The pi public chain will be listed at the end of the year. It is the only project that combines ecology and the real economy. Many people don’t want to believe it because they are used to the exchange model of buying low and selling high, but a new The economic era is coming soon, and they and all current old currencies must learn to adapt.

GOSCHAIN ​​(Guojin Public Chain)

Guojin Public Chain is a brand-new blockchain architecture, positioned as an easy-to-use, high-performance blockchain platform, aiming to realize distributed applications performance scaling to meet real-world needs. The IFC Public Chain integrates many advantages of public chains represented by EOS and Ethereum and consortium chains represented by Hyperledger, achieving the high speed, stability, security and ease of use of the blockchain system, making the blockchain-based The development of distributed applications of chain technology is more innovative and efficient.

By creating a similar distributed system that can build applicationsThe architecture of the cloud platform provides account, identity and authorization management, policy management, database, asynchronous communication and program scheduling on thousands of CPUs, GPUs or Cluster clusters, achieving seconds through low-latency and high-concurrency hardware acceleration technology. level confirmation. The system platform also provides a wealth of modular applications and free plug-ins, which can directly realize various functional requirements of enterprises and developer teams. It is simple to install and easy to operate, allowing enterprises to realize system development, operation, transactions and customer acquisition at low cost. In March 2019, the technical evaluation results of China National Finance Corporation's public chain showed that the measured system throughput stably reached TPS 16383, and the overall performance was strong.

At present, SINOCL Public Chain has developed more than a dozen side chains such as the National Data Chain, the National On-chain Commodity General Library, the Direct Procurement Chain, the Government Chain, the Annong Chain, and the Phantom Chain, covering social networking and e-commerce. , supply chain, government affairs, medical care, agriculture, 5G and other fields, they are already at the forefront of empowering the innovative development of my country's real industries. In 2020, IFC Public Chain will focus on the three core modules of "people on the chain", "things on the chain" and "behavior on the chain", and will newly upgrade the theory and path of blockchain to empower entities, and will promote the blockchain to empower entities. The industry has entered the era of "internal driving force".

Domestic public chain? In China, there are only disks but no chains. If there is one, it is the alliance chain, Thunder Chain, etc., which is centralized and runs counter to the decentralization of the blockchain.

No one was injured in the Pipixia public chain in two years. Everyone makes money

GKC is very good

Yi, Bytom, Quantum, Gongxinbao, VeChain, Loopring, Tron, Binance Chain BNB, Huobi’s ht , Ouke's okb, Biter's gt, these are relatively famous domestic public chains!

Xiaoyi, the main body, Bytom chain,

That’s it, please give me enough time.

VI Five globally recognized public chains

NO.1, Ethereum (ETH)
NO.2, Xiaoyi (NEO)
NO.3, Quantum (QTUM)
NO.4, EOS
NO.5, Quark (QKI).
Extended information:
1. Quantum is committed to creating another blockchain system different from Bitcoin and Ethereum. It hopes to realize point-to-point value transfer through value transmission protocols and expand blockchain technology and Application boundaries. It seems that this is definitely a high definition.
2. The technical design of quantum mainly lies in its compatibility, including the compatibility of Ethereum and Bitcoin and the downward compatibility of quantum, as well as the module design and consensus mechanism of quantum. Quantum adopts an innovative POW consensus mechanism, namely Ipow.
3. The founder of EOS is the famous BM. BitShares, Steem, etc. were all founded by this person. The most widely circulated thing on the Internet is BM's conversation with Buterin. BM sharply asked Buterin how to solve the scalability problem of Ethereum, which shows his great reputation.However, the most topical aspect of EOS is its large number of issuances and its one-year crowdfunding period.
4. As a public chain that competes with Ethereum, the most technical feature of EOS is that it can simplify the generation and management of user accounts, and can restore accounts. This improves security in the eyes of users, and it claims to support hundreds of users. The transaction speed of 10,000 tps has also attracted public attention, because this is a speed that cannot be matched by Bitcoin and Ethereum.
5. Xiaoyi is one of the earliest blockchain projects in China. The definition of its white paper is: based on blockchain technology, the assets and rights of the physical world are digitized, and registration, issuance, transfer transactions are carried out through a peer-to-peer network. Decentralized network protocol for financial services such as clearing and delivery. Xiaoyi can be used in equity crowdfunding, P2P online lending, digital asset management, smart contracts and other fields.
6. Bitcoin can be said to be only suitable for cryptocurrency scenarios, while Ethereum can be interpreted as blockchain + smart contract. It has Turing completeness and supports smart contracts. It creates a complex logic that can be implemented in various commercial and non-commercial environments, hiding the complexity of the underlying technology and allowing application developers to focus more on application logic and business logic.
7. The shortcoming of Ethereum is that it has poor scalability. Like Bitcoin, it suffers from the dilemma that every transaction needs to be processed by every node in the network. A transaction of 2000tps may lead to rapid growth of storage on the Ethereum chain and congestion. As more applications are connected, there may be more congestion in the future. Fortunately, Ethereum full nodes only need to store state rather than the complete blockchain.
8. Although Ethereum transactions are becoming more and more congested, its price on the platform has been rising steadily, and the 10,000 mark has been exceeded. Even if the congestion problem of Ethereum cannot be solved in the future, its investment price will not be low.

Ⅶ What are the three major public chains of the blockchain?

Public chain, the abbreviation of public chain, means that anyone in the world can read it and anyone can send transactions And transactions can be effectively confirmed in a blockchain where anyone can participate in the consensus process.

1. The top three public chains in the world
BTC, ETH, and EOS (by market capitalization) are three heavyweight products, representing Blockchain 1.0, Blockchain 2.0 and Blockchain 3.0 respectively. Three stage.

1. Bitcoin BTC (Blockchain 1.0)
Bitcoin has emerged as a new type of digital currency and global payment network since its birth in 2009. BTC is also the most successful and mature application of blockchain. , now in many situations, BTC is much more famous than blockchain.

2. Ethereum ETH (Blockchain 2.0)
In layman’s terms, Ethereum is an open source platform digital currency and blockchain platform that provides developers with a platform to build and publish applications on the blockchain. . Ethereum can program, decentralize, guarantee, trade anything, vote domains, financial exchanges, crowdfunding, company management contracts and most agreementsIP, intellectual property, and hardware-integrated smart assets.

3. Yuzu EOS (Blockchain 3.0)
EOS appears as an enterprise-level blockchain operating system based on Bitcoin and Ethereum, which is easier to use and more powerful than the former. EOS provides all application developers with many functions such as database account permission settings, execution scheduling authentication, and network communication.

2. The world's three major exchange public chains: Huobi Chain, Binance Chain, and OKEx Chain OKChain
1. Developed by Huobi Chain, the world's largest trading platform, Huobi Chain is An independently innovative supervised blockchain operating system for the financial field, based on blockchain global asset digitization and financial market infrastructure. At the same time, based on the consideration of injecting the long-term value of HT into a unified value carrier, HT will serve as the only underlying token of the Huobi public chain.
2. Developed by Binance, the world's second largest trading platform, Binance Chain started early in application and is currently mainly circulated on DEX and asset chains. Binance Chain is a digital asset creation and exchange platform, with BNB as the main chain token
3. Developed by OKEx, the world's third largest trading platform, OKChain is a more scalable, high-transaction processing capability trading and smart contract platform, OKChain Developed based on Cosmos-SDK, the consensus uses DPOS. OKB is the underlying token of the OKEx ecosystem.