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㈠ What are the differences between bep20 and bep2?
Difference: BEP2 is the Binance Chain network, and BEP20 is the Binance Smart Chain (BSC) network.
BEP2 token is a cryptocurrency based on the Binance blockchain. This blockchain is called Binance Chain. Binance Chain has its own rules when it comes to programming, issuing, and managing new cryptocurrencies. These are in the BEP2 protocol, and every cryptomunt issued under this protocol is a BEP2 token. Examples of tokens issued under this protocol are Mithril, C, BEP2, and Binance Coin. It is similar to the ERC20 token of the Ethereum blockchain. If a company wants to issue a cryptocurrency on the Ethereum blockchain, then it must comply with the ERC20 protocol. **All tokens that comply with the rules of the protocol are ERC20 tokens. OmiseGo, Golem and Aelf are famous examples. More and more cryptocurrencies are being launched under the BEP2 protocol. This new variant is a real competitor to the ERC20 protocol. Binance Coin (BNB) is the original cryptocurrency of Binance Chain and was created in the Genesis block. The genesis block is the first block of the blockchain. Binance Coin is used to pay for transactions on the blockchain. It provides users with the same advantages as before when running on Ethereum. Users still benefit from lower fees.
Extended information:
Binance Chain (BC) On April 23, 2019, Binance launched the mainnet of its proprietary blockchain, called Binance Chain. As part of the mainnet launch, users of Binance’s ERC20 token ERC20 BNB will need to convert their Ethereum tokens on the mainnet exchange to receive BNB. Binance Chain (Binance Chain, hereinafter referred to as BC). BC was launched in April 2019 and is the first public chain in Binance’s dual public chain plan. In addition to basic token issuance, use and exchange functions, BC also has high throughput and low latency characteristics that are comparable to centralized systems. It is the transaction speed and good performance of Binance Decentralized Exchange (Binance Dex). Experience guaranteed. On the basis of inheriting the professional financial product module of Binance centralized exchange, Binance Dex attempts to use the advantages and concepts of decentralized trading to solve a series of pain points of centralized exchanges such as false currency additions and opaque user assets. Asset control is returned to users.
Binance Smart Chain (BSC) BSC can be seen as a blockchain parallel to Binance Chain. It mainly serves the Binance DeFi ecosystem and also makes Binance’s dual public chain model more trendy. in completeness. BSC has certain innovations in the consensus algorithm. The PoSA (Proof of Stake Authority) consensus algorithm it adopts combines the Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)And the function of the Proof of Authority (PoA) mechanism is built on a network of 21 verification nodes. The second-level block generation time can establish a high-speed infrastructure for the DeFi protocol. The term “smart” in BSC refers to the functions related to smart contracts in 2022: BSC supports smart contract writing functions and is compatible with the existing Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and all applications and applications under its ecosystem. Tools, developers can easily migrate and deploy Ethereum DApps, saving development effort. Finally, as a parallel chain that can interact with BC, BSC natively supports cross-chain communication and transactions.
㈡ 108 knowledge points for getting started with blockchain
1. What is blockchain
Combine the information of multiple transactions and the information indicating the block The information is packaged and put together, and the verified package is the block.
Each block stores the hash value of the previous block, creating a relationship between blocks, that is to say, a chain. Together they are called blockchain.
2. What is Bitcoin
The concept of Bitcoin was proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009, with a total number of 21 million. The Bitcoin chain generates a block approximately every 10 minutes, and this block is mined by miners for 10 minutes. As a reward to miners, a certain number of Bitcoins will be issued to miners, but this certain number is halved every four years. Now it's 12.5. If this continues, all Bitcoins will be available in 2040.
3. What is Ethereum
The biggest difference between Ethereum and Bitcoin is the smart contract. This allows developers to develop and run various applications on it.
4. Distributed ledger
It is a database that is shared, replicated and synchronized among network members. To put it bluntly, all users on the blockchain have accounting functions and the content is consistent, which ensures that the data cannot be tampered with.
5. What is quasi-anonymity?
I believe everyone has a wallet, and the wallet address (a string of characters) used to send transactions is quasi-anonymity.
6. What is open transparency/traceability
The blockchain stores all data from history to the present, anyone can view it, and can also view any data in history.
7. What is tamper-proof
Historical data and current transaction data cannot be tampered with. The data is stored in the block on the chain, and has a hash value. If the block information is modified, its hash value will also change, and the hash values of all blocks following it must also be modified, so that it becomesNew chain. At the same time, the main chain is still conducting transactions to generate blocks. The modified chain must always generate blocks synchronously with the main chain to ensure that the length of the chain is the same. The cost is too high, just to modify a piece of data.
8. What is anti-DDoS attack
DDoS: Hackers control many people’s computers or mobile phones and allow them to access a website at the same time. Since the bandwidth of the server is limited, a large amount of traffic The influx of data may cause the website to fail to function properly, resulting in losses. However, the blockchain is distributed and there is no central server. If one node fails, other nodes will not be affected. Theoretically, if more than 51% of the nodes are attacked, problems will occur.
9. Definition of main chain
Taking Bitcoin as an example, at a certain point in time, a block is mined by two miners at the same time, and then 6 blocks are generated first. The chain of blocks is the main chain
10. Single chain/multi-chain
Single chain refers to the data structure that handles everything on one chain. The core essence of the multi-chain structure is composed of public chain + N sub-chains. There is only one, but in theory there can be countless sub-chains, and each sub-chain can run one or more DAPP systems
11. Public chain/alliance chain/private chain
Public Chain: Everyone can participate in the blockchain
Alliance chain: Only alliance members are allowed to participate in accounting and query
Private chain: Writing and viewing permissions are only controlled by one person In the hands of the organization.
12. Consensus layer, data layer, etc.
There are six overall structures of the blockchain: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer, and application layer. Data layer: a layer that records data, belonging to the underlying technology; network layer: a structure for building a blockchain network, which determines how users are organized. Consensus layer: Provides a set of rules to allow everyone to reach agreement on the information received and stored. Incentive layer: Design incentive policies to encourage users to participate in the blockchain ecosystem; Contract layer: Generally referred to as "smart contracts", it is a set of contract systems that can be automatically executed and written according to their own needs. Application layer: Applications on the blockchain, similar to mobile apps. Former Distributed Storage R&D Center
13. Timestamp
The timestamp refers to the time from January 1, 1970 Day 0 hours 0 minutes 0 seconds 0... The total number of seconds from the current time to now, or the total number of nanoseconds and other very large numbers. Each block is generated with a timestamp indicating when the block was generated.
14. Block/block header/block body
Block is the basic unit of blockchain, and block header and block body are components of blockchain. The information contained in the block header has the previous areaThe hash of the block, the hash of this block, timestamp, etc. The block body is the detailed data in the block.
15. Merkle tree
Merkle tree, also called binary tree, is a data structure for storing data. The bottom layer is the original data contained in all blocks, and the upper layer is each The hash value of a block, the hash value of this layer is combined in pairs to generate a new hash value, forming a new layer, and then upwards layer by layer, until a hash value is generated. Such a structure can be used to quickly compare large amounts of data, and you can quickly find the bottom-level historical data you want without downloading all the data.
16. What is expansion?
The size of a Bitcoin block is about 1M and can save 4,000 transaction records. Expansion means making the block larger so that more data can be stored.
17. What is a chain?
Each block will save the hash of the previous block, creating a relationship between the blocks. This relationship is a chain. Data such as block transaction records and status changes are stored through this chain.
18. Block height
This is not the height mentioned in terms of distance. It refers to the total number of blocks between the block and the first block on the chain. This height indicates which block it is, and is just for identification purposes.
19. Fork
Two blocks were generated at the same time (the transaction information in the block is the same, but the hash value of the block is different), and then in Two chains are forked from these two blocks. Whoever generates 6 blocks from these two links first will be the main chain, and the other chain will be discarded.
20. Ghost Protocol
Mining pools with high computing power can easily generate blocks faster than mining machines with low computing power, resulting in most of the blocks on the blockchain being generated by these mining pools with high computing power. However, the blocks generated by mining machines with low computing power are not stored on the chain because they are slow, and these blocks will be invalid.
The ghost protocol allows blocks that should be invalidated to remain on the chain for a short time, and can also be used as part of the proof of work
. In this way, miners with small computing power will contribute more to the main chain, and large mining pools will not be able to monopolize the confirmation of new blocks.
21. Orphan blocks
As mentioned before, orphan blocks are blocks generated at the same time. One of them forms a chain, and the other does not form a chain. Then this block that does not form a chain is called an orphan block.
22. Uncle Block
As mentioned aboveThe orphan block, through the ghost protocol, makes it part of the proof of work, then it will not be discarded and will be saved on the main chain. This block is the next
23 replay attack
The hacker resends the message that has been sent to the server. Sometimes this can deceive the server into multiple responses.
24. Directed acyclic graph
Also called data set DAG (directed acyclic graph), DAG is an ideal multi-chain data structure. Most of the blockchains mentioned now are single chains, that is, one block is connected to another block, and DAG is multiple blocks connected. The advantage is that several blocks can be generated at the same time, so the network can process a large number of transactions at the same time, and the throughput will definitely increase. However, there are many shortcomings and it is currently in the research stage.
25. What is mining
The mining process is to perform a series of conversions, connections and hash operations on the above six fields, and continue to try them one by one. The random number you are looking for, and finally successfully find a random number that meets the conditions: the value after hashing is smaller than the hash value of the preset difficulty value, then the mining is successful, and the node can broadcast the area to neighboring nodes. block, neighboring nodes receive the block and perform the same operation on the above six fields to verify compliance, and then forward it to other nodes. Other nodes also use the same algorithm to verify. If there are 51% of nodes in the entire network If all verifications are successful, even if this block is truly "mined" successfully, each node will add this block to the end of the previous block, delete the list in the block that is the same as its own record, and resurrect again. the above process. Another thing to mention is that regardless of whether the mining is successful or not, each node will pre-record the reward of 50 Bitcoins and the handling fees of all transactions (total input-total output) in the first item of the transaction list (this is " The most fundamental purpose of "mining" is also the fundamental reason to ensure the long-term stable operation of the blockchain), the output address is the address of this node, but if the mining is unsuccessful, the transaction will be invalidated without any reward. Moreover, this transaction called "production transaction" does not participate in the "mining" calculation.
26. Mining machines/mining farms
Mining machines are computers with various configurations, and computing power is the biggest difference between them. A place where mining machines are concentrated in one place is a mining farm
27. Mining pool
Miners join together to form a team, and the computer group under this team is a mining pool. Mining rewards are distributed based on your own computing power contribution.
28. Mining difficulty and computing power
Mining difficulty is to ensure that the interval between generating blocks is stable within a certain short time, such as Bitcoin’s 10 minutes.
p>Block 1. The computing power is the configuration of the mining machine.
29. Verification
When verification in the blockchain is a confirmation of the legality of the transaction, when the transaction message is propagated between nodes, each node will verify whether the transaction is legal. For example, verify whether the syntax of the transaction is correct, whether the transaction amount is greater than 0, whether the entered transaction amount is reasonable, etc. After passing the verification, it will be packaged and handed over to the miners for mining.
30. Transaction broadcast
The node sends information to other nodes through the network.
31. Mining fees
For the blockchain to work non-stop like a perpetual motion machine, miners need to maintain the system. Therefore, the miners must be given favorable fees to make it sustainable.
32. Transaction confirmation
When a transaction occurs, the block recording the transaction will be confirmed for the first time, and will be confirmed in every area on the chain after the block. Block is reconfirmed: When the number of confirmations reaches 6 or more, the transaction is generally considered safe and difficult to tamper with.
33. Double transaction
That is, I have 10 yuan, I use the 10 yuan to buy a pack of cigarettes, and then instantly use the 10 yuan that has not yet been paid. Bought another cup of coffee. So when verifying the transaction, you need to confirm whether the 10 yuan has been spent.
34. UTXO unspent transaction output
It is a data structure containing transaction data and execution code, which can be understood as digital currency that exists but has not yet been consumed.
35. Transactions per second TPS
That is throughput, tps refers to the number of transactions the system can process per second.
36. Wallet
Similar to Alipay, it is used to store digital currencies, and blockchain technology is more secure.
37. Cold wallet/hot wallet
A cold wallet is an offline wallet. The principle is to store it locally and use QR code communication to prevent the private key from touching the Internet. A hot wallet is an online wallet. The principle is to encrypt the private key and store it on the server. When it is needed, it is downloaded from the server and decrypted on the browser side.
38. Software Wallet/Hardware Wallet
A software wallet is a computer program. Generally speaking, a software wallet is a program that interacts with the blockchain and allows users to receive, store, and send digital currencies and can store multiple keys. Hardware wallets are smart devices that specialize in handling digital currencies.
39. Airdrop
The project sends digital currency to each user’s wallet address.
40. Mapping
Mapping and the development of blockchain currencyRow correlation is the mapping between chains. For example, there are some blockchain companies that have not completed the development of the chain in the early stage. They rely on Ethereum to issue their own currency. The issuance and transactions of the early currency are all operated on Ethereum. With the development of the company, the company's own chain development has been completed. The company wants to map all the previous information on Ethereum to its own chain. This process is mapping.
41. Position
Refers to the ratio of the investor’s actual investment to the actual investment funds
42. Full position
Buy with all funds Enter Bitcoin
43. Reduce the position
Sell some of the Bitcoins, but not all of them
44. Heavy positions
Compared with Bitcoin, Bitcoin accounts for a larger share of funds
45. Short position
Compared with Bitcoin, the share of funds is larger
46. Short position
Sell all the Bitcoins you hold and convert them all into funds.
47. Stop loss
After obtaining a certain profit, sell the Bitcoin held to keep the profit
48. Stop loss
After losses reach a certain level, sell the Bitcoins you hold to prevent further losses
49. Bull market
Prices continue to rise and the outlook is optimistic
50. Bear market
Prices continue to fall, and the outlook is bleak
51. Long (long)
The buyer believes that the currency price will rise in the future, buys the currency, and waits for the currency price After rising, sell at a high price to take profits
52. Short position (short selling)
The seller believes that the currency price will fall in the future, and sells the currency he holds (or borrows it from the trading platform) (coin) sell, wait for the price of the currency to fall, buy at a low price to take profits
53. Open a position
Buy virtual currencies such as Bitcoin
54 . Cover the position
Buy Bitcoin and other virtual currencies in batches, for example: buy 1 BTC first, and then buy 1 BTC later
55. Full position
All funds are purchased at one time to buy a certain virtual currency
56. Rebound
When the currency price falls, the price rebounds and adjusts because it falls too fast
57 .Consolidation (sideways)
The price fluctuation range is small and the currency price is stable.
58. Yin fall
The currency price falls slowly
59. Diving (waterfall)
The currency price falls rapidly and greatly.
60. Cutting meat
After buying Bitcoin, the price of the currency fell. To avoid expanding the loss, sell Bitcoin at a loss. Or after borrowing the currency to go short, the currency price rises, and you buy Bitcoin at a loss
61. Hold on
Expect the currency price to rise, but unexpectedly the currency price falls after buying; or expect the currency price to fall. fell, but unexpectedly, after selling, the currency price rose
62. Unwinding
After buying Bitcoin, the currency price fell, causing a temporary book loss, but then the currency price rebounded and the loss was reversed To make a profit
63. Go short
After selling Bitcoin because of the bearish market outlook, the price of the currency continued to rise, and I was unable to buy it in time, so I failed to make a profit
64. Overbought
The currency price continues to rise to a certain height, the buyer's power is basically exhausted, and the currency price is about to fall
65. Oversold
The currency price continues to fall to a certain low, the seller's power has basically been exhausted, and the currency price is about to rise
66. Lure bulls
The currency price has been consolidating for a long time, and it is more likely to fall. Most of the short sellers have sold Bitcoin, and suddenly the short sellers pulled up the price of the currency, inducing the long parties to think that the price of the currency will rise and buy one after another. As a result, the short sellers suppressed the price of the currency, causing the long parties to get stuck
67. Lure shorts
After buying Bitcoin, bulls deliberately suppress the price of the currency, making short sellers think that the price of the currency will fall and sell them one after another. As a result, they fall into the trap of bulls
68. What is NFT
The full name of NFT is "Non-Fungible Tokens", which is a non-fungible token. Simply put, it is an indivisible token on the blockchain. Copyright certificate is mainly used to confirm and transfer the rights of digital assets. The difference from digital currency is that it is unique and indivisible. In essence, it is a unique digital asset.
69. What is the Metaverse
The Metaverse is a collection of virtual time and space, consisting of a series of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and the Internet (Internet) Composed of digital currency, which carries the function of value transfer in this world.
70. What is DeFi
DeFi, the full name is Decentralized Finance, which is "decentralized finance" or "decentralized finance"."Distributed Finance". "Decentralized Finance", as opposed to traditional centralized finance, refers to various financial field applications established in open decentralized networks. The goal is to establish a multi-level financial system based on blockchain Re-create and improve the existing financial system based on chain technology and cryptocurrency
71. Who is Satoshi Nakamoto?
72. Bitcoin and Q Coin are different
p>Bitcoin is a decentralized digital asset with no issuing entity. Q Coin is an electronic currency issued by Tencent. It is similar to electronic points, but is not actually a currency. Q Coin requires a centralized issuing agency , Q Coin can only be recognized and used because of Tencent's credit endorsement. The scope of use is also limited to Tencent's games and services. The value of Q Coin is entirely based on people's trust in Tencent.
Bitcoin It is not issued through a centralized organization, but it is widely recognized around the world because Bitcoin can self-certify its credibility. The issuance and circulation of Bitcoin are jointly accounted for by miners across the entire network, and no central organization is needed to ensure that everyone can The ledger cannot be tampered with.
73. What is a mining machine?
Taking Bitcoin as an example, Bitcoin mining machines compete for accounting rights by running a large number of calculations to obtain new Bitcoin rewards. Professional equipment, generally composed of mining chips, heat sinks and fans, only executes a single calculation program and consumes a lot of power. Mining is actually a competition between miners for computing power. The miner with more computing power mines bits The probability of coins is greater. As the computing power of the entire network increases, it becomes more and more difficult to mine bits with traditional equipment (CPU, GPU). People have developed chips specifically for mining. The chip is the core of the mining machine. Parts. The operation of the chip will generate a lot of heat. In order to dissipate heat, Bitcoin mining machines are generally equipped with heat sinks and fans. Users download Bitcoin mining software on their computers and use the software to allocate the power of each mining machine. Task, you can start mining. The algorithm of each currency is different, and the mining machines required are also different.
74. What is quantitative trading?
Quantitative trading, Sometimes also called automated trading, it refers to the use of advanced mathematical models to replace subjective human judgments, which greatly reduces the impact of investor sentiment fluctuations and avoids making irrational investment decisions when the market is extremely fanatical or pessimistic. Quantitative There are many types of transactions, including cross-platform trading, trend trading, hedging, etc. Cross-platform trading means that when the price difference between different target platforms reaches a certain amount, sell on the platform with a higher price and buy on the platform with a lower price. < /p>
75. Blockchain asset over-the-counter transactions
Over-the-counter transactions are also called OTC transactions. Users need to find the counterparty by themselves, without matching the transaction. The transaction price is determined by negotiation between the two parties. Both parties to the transaction can fully communicate through face-to-face negotiation or telephone communication.
76.What is a timestamp?
The blockchain ensures that each block is connected sequentially through timestamps. Timestamps enable every piece of data on the blockchain to have a time stamp. Simply put, timestamps prove when something happened on the blockchain and cannot be tampered with by anyone.
77. What is a blockchain fork?
Upgrading software in a centralized system is very simple, just click "Upgrade" in the app store. However, in decentralized systems such as blockchain, "upgrading" is not that simple, and a disagreement may even cause a blockchain fork. Simply put, a fork refers to a disagreement when the blockchain is "upgraded", resulting in a fork in the blockchain. Because there is no centralized organization, every code upgrade of digital assets such as Bitcoin needs to be unanimously recognized by the Bitcoin community. If the Bitcoin community cannot reach an agreement, the blockchain is likely to form a fork.
78. Soft fork and hard fork
Hard fork means that when the Bitcoin code changes, the old nodes refuse to accept the blocks created by the new nodes. Blocks that do not comply with the original rules will be ignored, and miners will follow the original rules and create new blocks after the last block they verified. A soft fork means that old nodes are not aware of the changes to the Bitcoin code and continue to accept blocks created by new nodes. Miners may work on blocks they have no understanding of, or validation of. Both soft forks and hard forks are "backwards compatible" to ensure that new nodes can verify the blockchain from scratch. Backward compatibility means that new software accepts data or code generated by old software. For example, Windows 10 can run Windows XP applications. Soft forks can also be "forward compatible".
79. Classification and application of blockchain projects
Judging from the current mainstream blockchain projects, blockchain projects mainly fall into four categories: Category 1: Currency; The second category: platform category; the third category: application category; the fourth category: asset tokenization.
80. USDT against the US dollar
USDT is Tether USD, a token launched by Tether that is against the US dollar (USD). 1USDT=1 US dollar, users can use USDT and USD for 1:1 exchange at any time. Tether implements a 1:1 reserve guarantee system, that is, each USDT token will have a reserve guarantee of 1 US dollar, which supports the stability of the USDT price. The unit price of a certain digital asset is USDT, which is equivalent to its unit price in US dollars (USD).
81. Altcoins and alternative coins
Altcoins refer to blockchain assets that use the Bitcoin code as a template and make some modifications to its underlying technology blockchain, among which Technical innovation or improvement is also called competitioncurrency. Because the Bitcoin code is open source, the cost of plagiarism in Bitcoin is very low. You can even generate a brand new blockchain by simply copying the Bitcoin code and modifying some parameters.
82. Three major exchanges
Binance: https://accounts.binancezh.ac/zh-CN
Okex: https://www .ouyi.top/
Huobi: https://www.huobi.af/zh-cn
83. Market software
Mytoken: http: //www.mytoken.com/
Non-small account: https://www.feixiaohao.co/
84. Information website
Babbitt: https://www.8btc.cn
Golden Finance: http://www.jinse.com/
Coin World News: http://www.bishijie.com < /p>
85. Blockchain Explorer
BTC: https://btc.com/
ETH: https://etherscan.io/
BCH: https://blockchair.com/bitcoin-cash/blocks
LTC: http://www.qukuai.com/search/ltc
ETC: https://gastracker.io/
86. Wallet
Imtoken: https://imatoken.net/
Bitpie: https://bitpie .com/
87. Decentralized Exchange
uniswap: https://uniswap.org
88. NFT Exchange
Opensea: https://opensea.io
Super Rare: https://superrare.com/
89. Ladder
Bring your own, buy a reliable ladder
90. Platform currency
A digital currency issued by the platform, used to deduct handling fees, transactions, etc.
91. Bull market, bear market
Bull market: rising market
Bear market: falling market
92. Blockchain 1.0
Based on distributed The currency transaction system of the ledger, represented by Bitcoin
93. Blockchain 2.0
The contract blockchain technology represented by Ethereum (smart contract) is 2.0
94. Blockchain 3.0
In the era of intelligent Internet of Things, it goes beyond the financial field to provide decentralized solutions for various industries
95. Smart Contract
Smart Contract is a computer protocol designed to disseminate, verify or execute contracts in an information-based manner. Simply put, an electronic contract is set in advance and once confirmed by both parties, the contract is automatically executed.
96. What is a token?
The token economy is an economic system with Token as the only reference standard, which is equivalent to a pass. If you own Token, you have rights and interests, and you have the right to speak.
Big data is the means of production, AI is the new productivity, and blockchain is the new production relationship. Big data refers to a collection of data that cannot be captured, managed and processed within a certain time range using conventional software tools. It is a massive, high-growth and high-volume data set that requires new processing models to have stronger decision-making power, insight discovery and process optimization capabilities. Diverse information assets. Simply understood, big data is massive data accumulated over a long period of time and cannot be obtained in the short term. Blockchain can be used as a way to obtain big data, but it cannot replace big data. Big data is only used as a medium running in the blockchain and has no absolute technical performance, so the two cannot be confused. (A simple understanding of production relations is labor exchange and consumption relations. The core lies in productivity, and the core of productivity lies in production tools)
ICO, Initial Coin Offering, initial public token issuance, is the first step in the blockchain digital currency industry. Crowdfunding. It is the most popular topic and investment trend in 2017, and the country launched a regulatory plan on September 4. Speaking of ICO, people will think of IPO, and the two are fundamentally different.
99. Five characteristics of digital currency
The first characteristic: decentralization
The second characteristic: having open source code
The third feature: Has an independent electronic wallet
The fourth feature: Constant issuance
The fifth feature: Can be circulated globally
100. What is decentralization? ?
It has no issuer, does not belong to any institution or country, and is a publicly issued currency designed, developed and stored on the Internet by Internet network experts.
100. What is measurement (scarcity)?
Once the total amount of issuance is set, it is permanently fixed, cannot be changed, cannot be over-issued at will, and is subject to global Internet supervision. Because the difficulty of mining and mining changes over time, the longer the time, the greater the difficulty of mining, and the fewer coins are mined, so it is scarce.
101. What is open source code?
The alphanumeric code is stored on the Internet. Anyone can find out the source code of its design, everyone can participate, can mine it, and it is open to the world.
102. What is anonymous transaction? Private wallet private?
Everyone can register and download the wallet online without real-name authentication. It is completely composed of encrypted digital codes. It can be sent and traded globally in real-time point-to-point without resorting to banks or any institutions. It cannot be traced by anyone without my authorization. ,Inquire.
A contract transaction refers to an agreement between a buyer and seller to receive a certain amount of an asset at a specified price at a certain time in the future. The objects of contract trading are standardized contracts formulated by the exchange. The exchange stipulates standardized information such as commodity type, transaction time, quantity, etc. A contract represents the rights and obligations of the buyer and seller.
105. Digital Currency Industry Chain
Chip manufacturers, mining machine manufacturers, and mining machine agents mine and export to exchanges for retail investors to speculate in coins< /p>
106. Who is Erben?
Erben: Digital Currency Value Investor
Investment style: Steady
Building a community: Erben’s Miscellaneous Talks (High Quality Price Investment Community)
p>
107. Two investment strategies
Combining long and short term, focusing on price investment, no contracts, no short-term play
Reasonable layout, scientific operation, prudent and conservative, making periodic money
108. Two books?
Welcome currency friends and seek common development
㈢What is the difference between trc20 and erc20
The USDT-TRC20 address starts with T and the USDT-ERC20 address starts with 0x; USDT-ERC20 (Ethereum) and USDT-TRC20 (Tron) use different The protocols belong to different blockchain networks; USDT-ERC20 has higher security, while USDT-TRC20 has relatively lower security. USDT is Tether USD, a token based on the stable value currency U.S. dollar
(USD) launched by Tether. 1USDT=1 U.S. dollar. Users can use USDT and USD for 1:1 exchange at any time. Blockchain is a shared database. The data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "full traces", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained". Based on these characteristics, blockchain originated from Bitcoin.
The concept of Bitcoin (Bitcoin) was first proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. The total number is 21 million, December 17, 2017 On November 13, 2020, Bitcoin reached an all-time high of US$19,850, and then fell back. On November 13, 2020, the price of Bitcoin once again exceeded US$16,000. Litecoin (LTC) was inspired by Bitcoin (BitCoin, BTC) An improved version of digital currency, designed and programmed by a programmer who once worked at Google, and was released and launched on November 9, 2011. Litecoin and Bitcoin technically have the same implementation principles, but the creation and transfer of Litecoin Based on an open source encryption protocol and not managed by any central agency.
In terms of currency security, Litecoin’s development process and payment process are more secure than ordinary currencies. During the development process, it cannot be Counterfeiting, Litecoin is a series of complex solving codes that obtain currency through mining rather than printing, which fundamentally eliminates the generation of "counterfeit coins", which is one of its advantages. Litecoin uses addresses during the payment process Transacting with private keys is like passwords and keys. There are hundreds of millions of possible combinations of addresses and private keys, which are difficult to crack and improve security.
But even for decentralized payment systems, the Litecoin system It is still threatened by the "51% Attack", which means using more than 51% of the computing power of the entire network to build a regional chain to compete with the entire network. Once successful, it will be able to control Litecoin, which will have serious consequences. Although "51% The probability of "%Attack" happening is very small, but for a public virtual currency system, such a vulnerability should not be tolerated.
㈣ Is there a big difference between Blockchain 1.0 and Blockchain 2.0< /p>
Blockchain 1.0 is a cryptocurrency represented by Bitcoin and Litecoin, which has payment, circulation and other currency functions.
Blockchain 2.0 is an intelligent cryptocurrency represented by Ethereum and Ripple.Energy contracts can be understood as "programmable finance", which is an application that sorts out and optimizes usage scenarios and processes in the financial field.
Blockchain 3.0 is the realization of application scenarios of blockchain technology in the social field. It expands blockchain technology beyond the financial field and provides a "programmable society" with decentralized solutions for various industries.
㈤ Blockchain---FT, NFT, ERC-20 protocol and ERC-721 protocol
FT is a homogeneous token, and homogeneous cryptocurrency constitutes Most of the tokens currently on the market.
FT is a digital asset configured in such a way that each token (or fragment of a token) is equivalent to the next token.
Fungibility is a characteristic of fiat currencies. For example, a $20 bill can be exchanged for any other $20 bill, or even for fractions. Even if it's not an absolute $20 bill, it can be a multiple of a $5 bill, or even less, so the total is equal to $20.
NFT refers to non-fungible tokens. Non-fungible tokens usually refer to tokens issued by developers on the Ethereum platform in accordance with the ERC-721 standard/protocol. Used to describe a unique digital asset whose ownership can be traced on the blockchain.
NFT is a unique and indivisible token. All works of art, whether it is books, text, music or images... and other forms, even digital collectibles and online games can be used Verify its unique and rare value through NFT's special certification method.
Therefore, NFT has different characteristics compared with collectibles in the traditional economic system:
Official documentation address: https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md
A token protocol on the ERC20 standard Ethereum, all token contracts developed based on Ethereum All abide by this agreement.
Account A has 1,000 ETH and wants to allow account B to call 100 ETH at will.
Official documentation: https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
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ERC-721 is compatible with some features of ERC-20. The main difference from ERC-20 is the definition of the owner of the token, that is, each token records its historical owner in detail, and the definition The Metadata of the token, that is, metadata. ERC-721 also needs to implement the interface in ERC165.
Metadata is used to define the unique characteristics of a single token and provide descriptive information for a specific token ID. . Take CryptoKitties as an example. Each CryptoKitty has a different color, shape, name, etc.
• tokenId: the unique NFT ID within the contract, which cannot be changed during the life cycle of the NFT (to be implemented The only tuple in the whole chain that must be composed of (contractAddr, tokenId))
• name: name, similar to the name of ERC-20
• symbol: symbol, similar to ERC -20 symbol
• uri: a link to external information, usually a JSON, and there is further more specific information in JSON
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㈥ The difference between erc20 and trc20
The difference between erc20 and trc20 is as follows:
1. Address style Difference: In the address style, erc20 starts with the number 0 and a lowercase x, while trc20 starts with a capital letter T.
2. The network used is different: erc20 on the network is based on Ethereum, and trc20 is the TRON network.
3. The security is different: erc20 is more secure, while trc20 is relatively low.
erc20:
USDT-ERC20 is USDT issued by Tether based on the ETH network. The deposit address is the ETH address. Deposits and withdrawals are via the ETH network. . USDT-ERC20 uses the ERC20 protocol. In early 2018, the Ethereum network exploded in popularity, smart contracts became popular in blockchain applications, and ERC20-USDT appeared.
㈦ What is the difference between TRC20 and ERC20
㈧ The disadvantages of the centralized computing and processing model of blockchain are
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WikiChain
Blockchain public chain
1. Efficiency issues
Low transaction efficiency
Compared with many Internet payment networks, the transaction efficiency of blockchain is still very low. The number of transactions per second of the Bitcoin blockchain is 7, Ethereum is between 10-20, and WaykiChain can reach 1000+. However, during Double Eleven in 2017, Alipay’s transaction speed per second reached 256,000.
From the perspective of transaction processing frequency, blockchain technology is far inferior to the Internet. Breaking through the number of transactions per second is also one of the major technical challenges faced by blockchain technology.
Long transaction verification time
Take Bitcoin as an example. The current average confirmation time for a Bitcoin transaction is about 10 minutes, which is also the generation time of a block. In the case of 6 confirmations, you need to wait for 1 hour. Verification of transactions such as Alipay only takes a few seconds.
2. High energy consumption problem
Blockchain is a high energy consumption system. In order to maintain the authenticity and integrity of the blockchain, its computing power per second reaches Seven trillion times. Miners compete for the accounting rights of Bitcoin through random hash operations. This process requires electricity to complete, and less than 1% of miners can compete for the accounting rights of blocks every 10 minutes. Other miners calculate All the energy was wasted.
3. Technical performance issues
Every node that wants to participate in the blockchain must download, store and update a data package starting from the genesis block and continuing to the present. If the data of each node is completely synchronized, the storage space capacity requirements of blockchain data may become a key issue restricting its development.
4. Security issues
Blockchain adopts the principle of asymmetric cryptography and is safe according to the current technical level. However, with the development of quantum computers and the deepening of mathematical research, it is unknown whether this asymmetric encryption algorithm can be cracked. When the day comes when the encryption algorithm is cracked, blockchain technology will no longer be a trustworthy security technology.
㈨ What is blockchain
In the simplest terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger.
To understand what this means, we first have to look at its opposite: a centralized ledger. Because blockchain technology started with finance, we will also introduce it below using banks as an example.
The following is our process for using bank debit card transactions:
You can swipe your card to purchase goods in stores.
The merchant sends a statement to your bank for the agreed upon amount.
Your bank will verify that you may have authorized the purchase.
The bank sends the money to the merchant.
Finally, the bank records this information in its ledger.
There’s a lot of technology involved here, but that’s basically it. The last step is important - the bank records all transactions made by the customer. This ledger goes all the way back to the first transaction the bank made.
This ledger is kept, maintained and regulated by the bank. You can read it in your online bank account, but you can't change it. The bank has complete control. If it decides to make a change, there's nothing you can do about it.
Crucially, if hackers were able to access a bank’s ledger, that could cause a lot of problems. They can change the account balance to make it look like certain transactions never occurred, etc.
This is why distributed ledgers are so cool.
Blockchain network visualization
If a bank operates on a distributed ledger, each member of the bank will have a copy of the ledger, and whenever any member of the bank When they make a purchase, they tell every other member of the bank.
Each member will validate the transaction and add it to the ledger (the added records are called "blocks"). This has some important benefits, as there is no centralized authority that can manipulate records. Hackers accessing one ledger won't be a big problem because other ledgers can easily verify it.
On the other hand, it requires a lot of work. In short, the second system is blockchain (at least in financial scenarios).
As mentioned above, blockchain is a decentralized list of transactions. If I send Xiao Ming 2 Bitcoins, I send a message to everyone in the network saying "I am sending Xiao Ming 2 Bitcoins" and they all record the transaction.
The future of blockchain, how will it change our lives?
One thing that is important about blockchain is that it is a public resource and no one really owns it because everyone owns it.
Blockchain is not just science fiction. We don’t need to understand the mechanism behind this technology, but you do need to understand that it may completely change our lives in the next 20 years.
This may sound bold, but remember, 20 years ago we were browsing the Internet on Netscape, using state-of-the-art Motorola flip phones, and buying our first DVD players. At that time, if we imagined that a computer could be held in our hands and that we could buy cars, make payments, and watch movies, it would have been considered a fantasy.
Although the impact of blockchain may not be as obvious as the Internet, nor as tangible as mobile phones, blockchain will effectively solve daily life problems.Many worries in life. Such as intermediaries cheating people, transaction delays, etc. In our current lives, middlemen are everywhere and we take them for granted as a part of life. If one day these intermediaries cease to exist, you will find that the world will become a different place.
Imagine that by 2040, blockchain may become a mature and widely used technology. When one day you can't live without the blockchain just like you can't live without the Internet now, you will be surprised to find that this decentralized accounting technology has simplified the complexity and become a part of your lifestyle
㈩ What is the difference between trc20 and erc20
What does TRC20 mean? As we all know, there are many professional terms in the blockchain industry, especially some words related to technology, which are relatively obscure for many investors, but some common words we need to understand, such as This article mentioned common words like ERC-20 and TRC-20, and when these two words were mentioned
What does TRC20 mean? As we all know, there are many professional terms in the blockchain industry, especially some words related to technology, which are relatively obscure for many investors, but some common words we need to understand, such as This article mentioned common words like ERC-20 and TRC-20. When mentioning these two words, we have to mention usdt. As for USDT, everyone knows that it is one of the currencies that enters the market. It is controlled by Tether. A stablecoin issued based on a 1:1 peg to the US dollar. So, what exactly does TRC20 mean? Below, the editor of the currency circle will explain to you what TRC20 means? And what is the difference between TRC20 and ERC20?
What does TRC20 mean?
RC20USDT is a stablecoin jointly issued by TRON and Tether. Compared with the old stablecoins (Omni-USDT and ERC20-USDT, etc.), TRC20-USDT has greatly optimized transfer fees and transaction confirmation speed. .
In terms of fees, TRC20-USDT enables free transfers. The withdrawal fees of mainstream exchanges show that the USDT withdrawal fee based on the Omni protocol is the most expensive, ranging from 4 to 10 US dollars. The ERC-20 withdrawal fee ranges from 1 US dollars to 5 US dollars, while the TRC20-USDT withdrawal fee is The currency handling fee is 0, which means that users can enjoy the fee-free exchange currency withdrawal service.
In terms of transaction confirmation speed, USDT issued based on the TRON network has taken advantage of the performance advantages of the third-generation public chain. The TPS of the TRON network can reach thousands of levels, and can achieve transaction confirmation in seconds, significantly improving the transaction confirmation speed. Better than Omni (transfer confirmation takes anywhere from ten minutes to several days) and ERC20 (minutes to hours). Extremely fast transfer speedIt can meet the diverse needs of stablecoin users and avoid damage to investors' interests caused by network congestion.
What is the difference between TRC20 and ERC20?
1. Features of TRC20
1. Payment handling fee... No handling fee?!
Yes! There is no handling fee for transferring USDT on TRON There is a fee, but withdrawing TRC-USDT from the exchange will still charge a withdrawal fee (charged by the exchange). Address example: (TRC-20 contract)
2. Still under testing
Most exchanges support the deposit of TRC-USDT, but because currently TRC- USDT is still under testing, so deposits and withdrawals on the exchange are closed.
2. ERC20 Features
1. The type of handling fee paid is ETH
ERC-USDT is the same as other Tokens on Ethereum. On the Ethereum address, so every time you transfer, the type of handling fee you need to pay is ETH. Address example: (ERC-20 contract)
2. Most exchanges support deposits and withdrawals, with low withdrawal limits
Basically, mainstream exchanges support ERC- When depositing and withdrawing USDT, you can choose whether to mention the BTC address or the ETH address. Moreover, taking Huobi as an example, the minimum withdrawal limit of ERC-USDT (2 USDT) is currently smaller than Omni-USDT (200 USDT).
3. Support smart contracts, making on-chain transaction queries more convenient
Unlike Omni-USDT, ERC-USDT can support smart contracts. ERC-20 USDT transactions can be queried in mainstream Ethereum browsers. Interested users can go to Tokenview's Ethereum browser to query ERC-USDT transaction details.
What does TRC20 mean? Through the above introduction, I believe everyone has an understanding of what TRC20 means. As we all know, the advantages of TRC20 can make investors have a good impression of investing in this stable currency. With the halving of Bitcoin, investors are more interested in Bitcoin. Emotions are uncertain, exacerbating investors' choices for stablecoins. Therefore, some people in the currency circle believe that TRC20's rise to become the world's leading stablecoin is the inevitable result of market choice
