基于区块链的征信平台的共享交易模式有两种,区块链征信中存储在公有链和联盟链上的是

区块链征信是一种基于区块链技术的新型征信模式，它可以构建一个安全、可信、公平、透明的征信系统。它的共享交易模式有两种：公有链和联盟链，它们在数据存储、安全性、参与者规模等方面有着不同的特点。

公有链是一种开放的、不可篡改的公共数据库，它是一种去中心化的数据存储方式，由全网参与者共同维护，只有经过网络共识的节点才能更新数据，数据的安全性更高，可以有效防止篡改，但由于参与者规模较大，所以交易效率较低。

联盟链是一种特殊的公有链，它由少数参与者（联盟成员）共同维护，只有联盟成员才能更新数据，由于参与者规模较小，所以交易效率较高，但安全性较低，可能存在被篡改的风险。

总的来说，公有链和联盟链在数据存储、安全性、参与者规模等方面各有优劣，因此，在实际应用中，可以根据实际需要，灵活运用公有链和联盟链，以满足不同的应用场景需求。

Ⅰ How exchanges hype blockchain

The crazy hype of blockchain concept in the A-share market has quickly attracted the attention of regulatory authorities. The Shanghai Stock Exchange stated that "blockchain" technology is still in the development stage and it is difficult to form a stable business, and there are obvious signs of conceptual hype.

On the other hand, some companies are suspected of taking the initiative to "post hot topics" and self-announce that the company's business scope involves blockchain, typical examples are Youjiu Games and Shangying Global. In response, after monitoring the company's relevant remarks, the Shanghai Stock Exchange imposed a morning emergency trading halt on the company's shares and issued a letter of inquiry to the company, requiring the company to explain in detail whether it caters to market hot spots, whether relevant behaviors violate regulations, and to fully warn of risks. Also, check for insider trading. After the two companies responded and resumed trading, one company's stock price fell to its limit, and the other's stock price was close to its limit. It is reported that the Shanghai Stock Exchange will also take disciplinary measures against the company for suspected violations.

II Among the current blockchain companies, which companies have actually achieved revenue

Judging from the disclosure of the first half annual reports of listed companies in 2021, among 98 A-share companies Among the blockchain concept stocks, only 25 listed companies including Yuanguang Software, Vision China, SF Holding, Ping An of China, Donggang Co., Ltd., Shanda Diwei, etc. mentioned the blockchain business in their interim reports, but in their operations, In terms of revenue, only Yuanguang Software has clarified the specific revenue of its blockchain business.

ⅢWhich companies are related to the blockchain hype boom?

Many listed companies are eager to clarify the blockchain hype boom

In the past week, the district Blockchain concept stocks have set off a wave of speculation in the A-share market. Individual stocks have continued to rise by the daily limit. Dozens of listed companies have issued announcements. Some have clarified relevant businesses, while others have "coincided" with the blockchain concept intentionally or unintentionally.

In addition, dozens of companies including Aikang Technology, Donggang Co., Ltd., Shenzhou Taiyue, Hailian Jinhui, and Boss Software have also issued announcements. Wind statistics show that since this year, the Wind blockchain concept index has increased by more than 15.89%. In overseas markets, stocks involving the blockchain concept have skyrocketed overnight. On January 4, Chinese concept stock ChinaNet Online announced that it would implement blockchain technology applications. The stock soared 698% overnight. Taking 2018 as the range, the cumulative increase in the stock in just nine trading days has reached 340.37%.

It is reported that although the industry generally recognizes the potential of blockchain technology, as far as many listed companies in the A-share market are concerned, it is still at a relatively preliminary level. In response to the market's hype about the concept of blockchain, in the past week, the Shanghai Stock Exchange has issued letters of inquiry to Shangying Global and Youjiu Games, requiring them to disclose the research progress, commercial application scenarios and profit models of blockchain technology, and Combined with the current maturity of marketization and commercialization of blockchain technology, investors are fully warned of risks.

IV Blockchain 100 - Zhou Kaiyu: Can blockchain credit investigation innovation break industry credit barriers

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Mr. Zhou Kaiyu, CEO of Zhenxing Technology

Currently, credit reporting has become a key part of the credit system and forms an important support in the operation of the modern financial system. There are certain difficulties and pain points in traditional credit reporting, but the decentralized and non-tamperable characteristics of blockchain will change in one fell swoop the issues of insufficient data privacy protection involved in the credit reporting process and consensus trust issues in the data sharing transaction process.

Mr. Zhou Kaiyu elaborated on the advantages of the combination of blockchain and credit reporting, and described the development status of the blockchain credit reporting industry at the legal level. At the same time, he expressed his views on the future development of Zhenxing Technology and the future direction of blockchain innovation.

Zhenxing Technology is positioned as a blockchain value ecological enterprise and is committed to building the next generation of trusted application service basic network based on blockchain. In June 2017, the company established a stable team structure and carried out related technical matters. From July to August, the first version of Zhenxing’s technical white paper was completed. At present, Zhenxing has implemented the first version of the system and has also started to provide related services in terms of blockchain-based identity verification. In the later stage, further development based on the second version of the credit evaluation system will be carried out.

In terms of ecological construction in the future, Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said that the blockchain credit industry has both value and opportunity. He hopes that industry partners with some high-quality resources on the B-side in the early stage can jointly expand services and eventually achieve A large number of users gather on the C-side, creating an ecological environment for high-credit preference transaction customers. In terms of the company's development plan, Zhenxing will break the inherent thinking of traditional blockchain anonymous verification, build a decentralized strong identity verification basic network, and integrate a trusted Internet service ecosystem.

The original intention of choosing a project that combines credit reporting with blockchain

“Choose blockchain to develop because it has a community-based approach that maintains the stability of the entire system. Consensus reward, consensus reward is a process of social value redistribution. In the process of social value redistribution, a value effect is formed in which the wool comes out of the pig and is paid by a third party. While achieving credit value, it can It is a means to encourage everyone to maintain high credit." Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said.

According to Mr. Zhou Kaiyu, in the traditional credit reporting process, data is processed in a traditional centralized way. The data exists on a centralized platform, but it is difficult to verify the security of user data. The issue of personal privacy data has attracted attention from society, government, enterprises and other levels. Blockchain will form a combination with blockchain through the credit alliance.

At the same time, the Block Hall Chain can combine some personal security mechanisms to achieve comprehensive and strict protection of personal privacy data and complete credit reporting services with authorized attributes. Zhenxing’s credit reporting service combines the advantages of blockchain, using personal data and individuals themselves to provide diversified credit reporting services through data services.

What are the advantages of the combination of blockchain and credit reporting?

When it comes to the combination of blockchain and credit reporting, its main core lies in the data level, since credit reporting uses a large amount of user data. In a decentralized system like blockchain, data needs to be maintained jointly by everyone. It is difficult for anyone to change the data. This can clearly ensure the security of user data. Any access to data requires user authorization. occur.

Regarding the current legal status of blockchain credit reporting, Mr. Zhou Kaiyu introduced, “In terms of credit reporting, the country has many management regulations to regulate the processing of customer data by enterprises. Blockchain + reporting In terms of information, it is a very good technical method." In his view, “Blockchain + credit reporting has become the only basic technology that can fully meet all requirements in terms of privacy protection when most technologies cannot meet the needs of credit reporting.”
< br />What are the options for future blockchain innovation directions?

Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said that the development of blockchain is still in an early stage, and there is huge room for future innovation in blockchain. Currently, we are optimistic about the direction of innovation, such as asset digitization. Asset digitization will be a relatively long process, and various applications will continue to emerge during development. In terms of technological innovation, blockchain still has a lot of room, and more attempts are being made in new directions of upgrading and balancing.

Zhenxing hopes to build a value exchange ecology with high performance value, and hopes that under its nourishment, everyone will be happy to maintain their personal credit, and everyone will be able to participate in the credit transaction process. gain from it. The future development of Wuxiaokai will be based on the core concept of maintaining high credibility and combating dishonest people.

IV A-shares: Industrial digitization has become the main engine for the development of the digital economy, 5 digital economy potential stocks

According to CCTV News, the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology recently released "China's Digital Economy Development" White Paper (2022)". The white paper shows that my country's industrial digitization accounts for more than 80% of the digital economy, and the structure of the digital economy has become more optimized. The "White Paper" shows that since 2012, the average annual growth rate of my country's digital economy has been as high as 15.9%, which is significantly higher than the average GDP growth rate in the same period. Driven by Broadband China, 5G and the Industrial Internet, the scale of the digital economy will reach 45.5 trillion yuan in 2021, a year-on-year nominal growth of 16.2%. Industrial digitization has become the main engine for the development of the digital economy. Experts pointed out that in the past, the development of my country's digital economy was dominated by the consumer Internet represented by e-commerce. In recent years, the role of the industrial Internet in driving the digital economy has become more obvious.

Valuation range: 10.37 yuan to 12.82 yuan;

Institutional positions: As of now, there are 4 major institutions holding positions totaling 224 million shares, accounting for A in circulationshares 34.63%.

The company's main products and businesses are: 1. Internet finance and taxation business: After nearly 20 years of accumulation, Fangxin Technology relies on the finance and taxation data of millions of users connected to the finance and taxation service cloud platform, and through the housekeeper series of products Solve the needs of enterprise refined management, supply chain management, enterprise upstream and downstream portraits and real-time scientific decision-making. 2. Heat treatment business: The company mainly produces energy-saving, environmentally friendly, efficient and high-quality mid-to-high-end heat treatment equipment.

Valuation range: 9.40 yuan to 11.62 yuan;

Institutional positions: As of now, there are 3 major institutions holding a total of 90.9879 million shares, accounting for 18.90% of the circulating A shares.

The company's main business includes software development, production and system integration of power distribution automation and power plant automation equipment and systems, grid automation and utility automation equipment and system products. The company's main business-related power automation and utility automation systems and solutions involve large-scale data online collection, storage and application development in the fields of electricity, water and gas, and belong to the category of digital economy.

Valuation range: 8.49 yuan to 10.50 yuan;

Institutional positions: As of now, there are 6 major institutions holding a total of 485 million shares, accounting for 40.65% of the circulating A shares.

The company's main businesses are Internet media business, digital marketing business and other businesses. The company's main products or services include mobile Internet advertising, online games, search engine advertising agency, precision advertising, supplier sales bidding platform services, social marketing, entertainment, film and television cross-border marketing, and Internet software application distribution. Based on its technology accumulation in Internet search, big data, AI, IOT, blockchain and other fields, the company is committed to developing and providing high-quality Internet products and services. Its current main business is Internet media, digital marketing business, and the development of new retail , private label, blockchain, Yuanverse related businesses, belong to the category of digital economy.

Valuation range: 14.56 yuan to 18.00 yuan;

Institutional positions: As of now, there are 3 major institutions holding a total of 19.1433 million shares, accounting for 4.40% of the circulating A shares.

The company's main businesses are IDC and cloud computing business, financial technology business, and lighting technology business. The company's main products include IDC business, cloud computing business, payment products, self-service terminals, tax control terminals, encrypted keyboards, electronic fiscal and taxation equipment management platforms, smart outlet comprehensive service platforms, urban road lighting projects, contract energy management, and landscape lighting. Engineering and related derivative engineering business.

The company is driven by data as its core, adheres to technological innovation, develops services in a diversified manner, vertically deploys the cloud service industry chain, and realizes cloud computing to help the company develop by leaps and bounds. The company's independently developed cloud platform product "Zhengtong Cloud" has passed the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's trusted cloud certification, enabling GPU direct support for heterogeneous cloud platform virtual machines including arm and x86, and providing customers with cloud hosting, cloud storage, cloud security, and cloud disaster recovery. and other basic cloud services and customized cloud service solutions. Through the continuous implementation of IDC operations, smart cities and smart parks, the company's cloud services have gradually extended to the research and development of cloud infrastructure for smart cities, smart parks, pan-finance and other industries. Cloud-based industry data parallel processing and analysis mining services for operators and other industry users.

Valuation range: 8.44 yuan to 10.44 yuan;

Institutional positions: As of now, there are 3 major institutions holding a total of 65.2726 million shares, accounting for 6.50% of the circulating A shares.

The company's main businesses are IoT technology services, IoT consulting and design services, IoT science park operation and development services, and education services. The company follows the development trend of the times and always focuses on the development strategy of 5G and Internet of Things. It uses more than 20 years of technology accumulation to provide technical services to customers in different industries such as government, telecommunications, transportation, medical care, education, and finance, and has participated in Digital Fujian and Digital China projects many times. construction, proactively serve the national strategy, and actively integrate into the construction of the digital economy.

VI Blockchain Concept Stocks Which Blockchain Technology Listed Companies

Blockchain is a new application model of distributed data storage, and it is an important concept of Bitcoin. There are currently 35 stocks related to the blockchain concept in the A-share market, of which 6 blockchain concept listed companies are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and 29 blockchain concept listed companies are traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

According to the correlation of blockchain, the leading stocks of blockchain concept stocks are most likely to be born from Xinchen Technology, Luyitong, and Sifang Jingchuang.

Xinchen Technology: On September 29, 2016, the company stated interactively that the company is currently engaged in research and development of blockchain technology.

Lu Yitong: The company plans to raise a total of 67.9691 million shares of 67.9691 million shares at 24.57 yuan per share, and the total amount of supporting funds will not exceed 1.670 billion yuan, which will be used to pay the cash consideration for this transaction and build the industrialization of blockchain ASIC chips. Projects, artificial intelligence ASIC chip R&D center, chip product marketing and service network, etc.

Sifang Jingchuang: On May 31, 2016, the founding meeting and the first members meeting of the Financial Blockchain Cooperation Alliance (Shenzhen) were officially held in Shenzhen Wuzhou Hotel. The company was one of the founding members of the meeting.

Ⅶ What are the regional chain concept stocks?

The regional chain concept stocks are as follows
The regional chain concept is a concept that emerged in January 2018.Ten blockchain concept stocks including Fenyijian Shares, Sifang Jingchuang, Xinchen Technology, Feitian Chengxin, Youjiu Games, and Gao Weida have reached daily limit, but they all have a unclear feeling about blockchain.
Receiving major good news last week on October 28, 2019 - the Political Bureau's study meeting mentioned that blockchain technology will play an important role in future technological innovation and industrial transformation. It was formed in the A-share listing on Monday. The daily limit of 100 stocks.
Affected by this news and the time difference, related companies listed in the United States such as Xunlei rose by 107.8% on Friday 25th. Hong Kong stocks also rose on the 28th, with Tongcheng Holdings 49% and Meitu rose 24%. Over the weekend, blockchain became a hot word in various financial reports, and blockchain concept stocks became the most popular concept in the market

Ⅷ What are the blockchain concept stocks

Shanghai On the 10th, "Some Opinions on Further Accelerating the Construction of Smart Cities" was issued, proposing that by 2022, Shanghai will be built into a leader in the world's new smart cities and an important hub of the international digital economic network. It will be the first to trial in the construction of smart governments and support Blockchain data tracking, V2X intelligent network and other new technologies will be introduced by the next financial investment editor. What are the blockchain concept stocks?

As an emerging technology, blockchain has great potential in many fields of new smart cities. In terms of infrastructure, blockchain technology can be used to explore the efficient use of data information between information infrastructure devices. Exchange and improve the cooperation ability of information infrastructure. In terms of data resources, using the characteristics of the blockchain itself such as data non-tampering and traceability, it is expected to break the original data circulation and sharing barriers and provide high-quality data sharing guarantee. In the government's With the support of DraftXian and the efforts of enterprises, China's smart city construction has made staged progress.

Relevant listed companies:

Runhe Software (12.00.00.1.01%, diagnostic stock ): Based on blockchain technology and platforms, a unique dual-chain ecology and dual-chain and other layouts are gradually formed

Weishitong (26.63.3.38%, diagnostic stock): in the diversity of cryptographic products and algorithms Maintaining domestic leadership in high-performance implementation, the controlling shareholder China Network Security is the earliest major force in blockchain technology research in China.

Ⅸ What is blockchain + credit reporting?

my country The credit reporting industry focuses on corporate credit reporting, while personal credit reporting needs to be developed, and the overall market prospect is broad. my country's corporate credit reporting developed earlier and the market is relatively mature. By the end of 2016, there were approximately 137 corporate credit reporting agencies in my country that had completed registration. Personal credit reporting has not yet been market-oriented, and licenses have not yet been issued. Tencent Credit Reporting, Zhima Credit Reporting, Qianhai Credit Reporting, Lakala Credit Reporting, Zhongzhicheng Credit Reporting, China Chengxin Credit Reporting, Pengyuan Credit Reporting and Huadao Credit Reporting Eight other units participated in the personal credit investigation pilot organized by the central bank. Private personal credit reporting agencies can indirectly participate in the personal credit reporting market by cooperating with banks and other financial institutions, but they cannot directly issue personal credit reporting reports. Personal credit reporting agencies can only obtain personal credit reporting reports through the central bank.Credit reporting system. As of the end of June 2016, the Central Bank's Credit Reference Center had included 21.2 million companies and other organizations and more than 900 million natural persons, of which only 5.77 million households and 410 million natural persons had credit records. The data of global credit giant Experian has covered 103 million companies and 890 million people around the world. Comparing the market demand and the scale of the credit reporting market in the United States, my country's credit reporting market has huge room for future development.

The emergence of blockchain technology has become a good medicine to solve the pain points of the credit reporting industry. Through the characteristics of true transparency and non-tampering, blockchain technology can solve the problems of trust and data sharing between credit reporting agencies, thereby solving problems such as data islands and incomplete data. By establishing a consortium chain, first of all, the problem of data confirmation can be solved be completely resolved. In a consortium chain system, relevant units in the chain such as credit reporting agencies, users, government departments, and financial institutions can all join in, and different access permissions can be designed to ensure data ownership while opening up information sharing and It can protect data security from being stolen and leaked.

On this basis, the channels for credit reporting agencies to obtain data have been greatly broadened, which can save the cost of data collection; at the same time, collaboration between different agencies has become smoother, reducing collaboration costs and communication costs. Credit reporting agencies can invest the various costs saved in other links to improve the overall quality of products.

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