区块链1.0的应用有门罗币,门罗区块链浏览器

区块链1.0时代的应用有门罗币和门罗区块链浏览器拓展，这两个应用都是区块链技术发展史上里的里程碑，为区块链技术的发展开辟了新的技术道路。今天，我们就来介绍一下门罗币和门罗区块链浏览器拓展。

门罗币（Monero）是一种去中心化的数字货币，它是基于区块链技术构建的，具有安全、隐私、无可篡改等特点，可以用于跨境支付、投资理财等。门罗币是一种全新的加密货币，它是利用密码学技术，通过挖掘技术，让用户可以自由地发行、接收和交易货币，并且可以保护交易者的隐私。门罗币的发行量是有限的，每4分钟就会发行一个块，每个块中包含有一定数量的门罗币，每4分钟就会发行一定数量的门罗币，有助于保持整个系统的稳定。

门罗区块链浏览器拓展是一款基于门罗币的区块链浏览器拓展，它可以帮助用户更好的了解门罗币的相关信息，包括门罗币的发行量、交易量、价格趋势等。它还可以帮助用户更好的管理自己的门罗币，可以查询自己的门罗币交易记录，还可以管理自己的门罗币钱包。另外，它还可以帮助用户更好的了解区块链技术，可以查看最新的区块链技术应用、技术发展趋势等。

总之，门罗币和门罗区块链浏览器拓展是区块链1.0时代的里程碑，它们为区块链技术的发展开辟了新的技术道路，为用户提供了更加安全、便捷的数字货币管理和区块链技术学习的服务。

❶ Blockchain Principles

Blockchain is a technology, but it is not a single technology, but the result of the integration of multiple technologies, including cryptography Science, mathematics, economics, network science, etc. You can think of it as a distributed shared accounting technology, or as a database, but this database is jointly maintained by all nodes on the chain, and each node has a ledger, because all nodes The ledgers are consistent, different nodes can trust each other, and there is no doubt about the data, so everyone says that the blockchain has technically achieved trust. For detailed professional technology, you can consult some professional technology companies. For example: Jinbo Technology, which focuses on developing blockchain-related products, has a professional R&D team and complete after-sales service. You can call for consultation.

❷ How to learn blockchain technology_How to understand blockchain technology

1. Technical language

Python and Go are two languages ​​​​that are recruited by many companies All mentioned technical languages. Need to prioritize learning. Moreover, these two languages ​​​​also have great applications in the direction of sliding technology outside of the blockchain. For example, Go is used in the background construction of large-scale concurrent systems, and Python is used in the construction of artificial intelligence systems. So learning these two languages ​​is a priority.

2. Technical framework

Master one or more of Bitcoin, ETH and Hyperledger. Needless to say about BTC, the bottom layer is written in C. A large number of currency projects, such as Litecoin, Dash, Monero, zcash, etc., all use Bitcoin technology for secondary development.

ETH is the representative of blockchain 2.0, and various application Dapps can be built on the ETH network. Nowadays, a large number of application blockchain projects are developed using the ETH platform.

Hyperledgerfabric is a blockchain development platform strongly promoted by IBM. It is mainly used for the development of alliance chains. It is currently the most popular alliance chain development platform.

3. Algorithm

POW (Proof of Work Algorithm), POS (Proof of Stake Algorithm), PBFT (Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm), etc. are all important in the cryptography part of the blockchain Composition, a full understanding of these algorithms will help you have a better understanding of the cryptography part when participating in the underlying development of blockchain projects.

(2) Extended reading of blockchain Monero original chain:

Blockchain technology is a kind of distributed accounting technology, and its characteristics are decentralization, Openness and transparency allow everyone to participate in the establishment of the database, and each created data cannot be tampered with. With everyone participating, the problem of trust between strangers is solved.

Blockchain technology has emerged. It is an accounting technology that involves the participation of all people. The transaction information and data between AB are published to the public and cannot be tampered with. Everyone knows this. happens, then there is no need for any authoritative third party.Party C, or in other words, everyone in the system plays the role of C. This is also called decentralization.

❸ Summary of general concepts of blockchain

Although I am a front-end developer, it cannot stop me from gossiping about various hot topics. Below is a brief summary of some of the conceptual things learned.

1. Blockchain technology was born with Bitcoin, so first understand the concept of Bitcoin

2. What is Bitcoin

(1) , Digital currency based on distributed network

3. Operating principle of bit system

(1) All nodes will save complete ledgers

(2 ), the ledger maintains consistency

4. Blockchain accounting principles

Hash functions are widely used in blockchain technology

(1), Hash function hash: any information will get a short summary information after hashing

(2), hash characteristics: simplified information, identification information, hidden information, verification information

(3) Blockchain accounting will hash the bill information of the time node to form a block

(4) The Bitcoin system will record accounting once every 10 minutes, that is, every The time interval between block generation is about 10 minutes

(5) When recording the next bill, the hash value of the previous block and the current bill information will be hashed together as the original information

(6). Each block contains information about previous blocks, and these blocks are combined to form a blockchain

5. Bitcoin ownership - asymmetric encryption Application

The Bitcoin system uses the elliptic curve signature algorithm. The private key of the algorithm consists of a 32-byte random number. The public key can be calculated through the private key. The public key is processed through a sequence of hash algorithms and The encoding algorithm obtains the Bitcoin address, which can also be understood as a digest of the public key.

(1). Transfer is to transfer Bitcoin from one address to another

(2). The address private key is an asymmetric relationship. The private key passes through a series of (including two hashes), you can get the address, but the private key cannot be obtained from the address

(3) After the transfer is successful, it is broadcast to other nodes, and other nodes forward it to the relevant node after successful verification. Neighboring nodes, the broadcast information contains the original information and signature information

(4) Verification, other nodes verify whether the signature information is generated by the payer using the private key to sign the original information of the transaction, record only if it is (re-verify that there is sufficient balance)

6. How to mine Bitcoin

(1) The node that completes the accounting can obtain a certain amount of money from the system. Number of Bitcoin rewards (this reward process is also the issuance process of Bitcoin, so everyone calls bookkeeping mining)

(2) Only one person can successfully bookkeeping within a period of time, so it is necessary Collect original transaction information that has not been collected, check whether there is a balance and correct signature

(3) In order to increase the difficulty of accounting, only one person can do accounting in about ten minutes, and the hash result needs to start with a number of 0s. And random number variables are introduced when hashing

(4) As more miners join, the game becomes more and more difficult, the calculation difficulty increases, the power loss increases, and the domestic electricity cost is low , China’s computing power accounts for more than half of the entire network

(5). Only the fastest decrypted block in the network will be added to the ledger, and other nodes will copy it to ensure the uniqueness of the ledger. If a node cheats and causes the entire network to fail, it will be discarded and never recorded in the general ledger. Therefore all nodes will abide by the common protocol of the Bitcoin system.

[Thinking about which fields blockchain will extend to]:

From the above concepts, it can be concluded that blockchain technology has such security, uniqueness, Decentralization.

In principle, some information leakage can be avoided, allowing the confirming party to confirm your identity without exposing your real user information.

At present, blockchain technology is mainly used in Bitcoin. I think the greater significance in the future should be in areas that require data privacy and security.

[Thinking about the bottlenecks and limitations of the current development of blockchain]:

Since each node participates in the entire ledger recording activity, it will inevitably cause waste and loss of resources. . As well as increasing the computational difficulty of each node, subsequent development and popularization require hardware improvements for each node.

❹ What is Monero in blockchain projects?

Monero is a typical representative of anonymous currency assets. What are its characteristics? How to achieve anonymity? Monero, referred to as XMR, was born on April 18, 2014, 3 months later than Dash. Its total amount is 18.44 million, and currently (January 2018) 15.62 million have been issued. Monero has no block size limit, so there is no risk of expansion. Monero provides anonymity through ring signatures. What does ring signature mean? In the Monero blockchain network, the network first mixes the signer's public key with another public key, and then signs the message, so thatThe outside world cannot tell which public key in the set corresponds to the real signer. Much like when a joint letter was submitted in ancient China, in order not to reveal who was the initiator, it was usually signed by everyone to form a ring, with no order, so that no one knew who was the initiator. The anonymity of Monero can even prevent the person who sends the coins from knowing which address the coins are sent to, and the person who receives the coins does not know who sent the coins just by opening the wallet.

❺ An introduction to the principles and applications of blockchain technology

1. Blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains The information of all Bitcoin network transactions in the past ten minutes is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. It is the underlying technology of Bitcoin, like a database ledger that records all transaction records.

2. Broad definition: Use encrypted chain structure to verify and store data, use distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, use automated script code (smart contract) to convert and operate data A new decentralized infrastructure and distributed computing paradigm.

3. Narrow definition: A decentralized shared account that combines data blocks into a specific data structure in a chain in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and non-forgeable.

4. Characteristics of blockchain: Decentralization: The verification, accounting, storage, maintenance and transmission of blockchain data are all based on distributed system institutions, using pure Mathematical methods rather than central structures are used to establish trust relationships between distributed nodes, thereby forming a decentralized and trustworthy distributed system.

5. Time series data: Blockchain uses a chain block structure with timestamps to store data, thereby adding a time dimension to the data and having strong verifiability and traceability.

6. Collective maintenance: The blockchain system uses a specific economic incentive mechanism to ensure that all nodes in the distributed system can participate in the verification process of data blocks, and select specific nodes through a consensus algorithm Add new blocks to the blockchain.

7. Programmable: Blockchain technology provides a flexible script code system to support users in creating advanced smart contracts, currencies or other decentralized applications.

8. Safe and trustworthy: Blockchain technology uses asymmetric cryptography principles to encrypt data, and at the same time uses the powerful computing power formed by consensus algorithms such as workload proof of each node of the distributed system. To resist external attacks and ensure that blockchain data cannot be tampered with or forged, it has high security.

9. Blockchain application scenarios: Digital currency: Represented by Bitcoin Damin Coin, it is essentially a digital currency generated by a distributed network system. Its issuance process does not rely on a specific centralized institution. .

❻You have to know the operating principles and development of blockchain!

1. Why is there innovation in blockchain?
The starting point of the first generation of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which implements a unified format for peer-to-peer transmission of information by all nodes on the network. Open code. However, the impact of such an uncomplicated innovation on mankind is epoch-making. It has programmed, agreed, and enforced the basic values ​​required by a unified global market: "freedom, equality, and fraternity." Then the STMP email protocol, HTTP domain name protocol, etc. were derived, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency global information transmission in a decentralized manner. As Alibaba Vice President Gao Hongbing said:
"The Internet is to eliminate the (information) supply chain that has very low value and high cost - it is open, interconnected, peer-to-peer, globalized, and decentralized."
We know: The essence of the market is also decentralized. It automatically executes the decentralized agreement of "equivalent exchange". Just as Nobel Prize winner Ronald Coase summed up: "The market economy is based on two On the basis of deep cognition: admitting ignorance and tolerating uncertainty." Adam Smith also described the market as: "the invisible hand"! Therefore, the market must require the low-cost flow of information decentralization, and the Internet has adapted to the global Under the general climate formed by the unified market, it turned out to be.
However, the first generation of Internet decentralized solved the problem of low-cost and efficient transmission of information, but it did not solve the problem of credit of information. Therefore, what the second-generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized manner so that value transfer can be carried out at low cost and with high efficiency.
So what are the problems with the original centralized credit system? As we all know: centralized credit, such as the legal currencies of various countries, has different credit values, and the clearing systems are also incompatible, which adds a lot of cost to global trade. The current global credit system centered on the US dollar has a "Triffin Paradox" in its mechanism (the essence is that a country's legal currency cannot simultaneously resolve the conflict between its own economic interests and global economic needs). Therefore, in 2009, the Governor of the Central Bank of China, Zhou Ogawa called for the creation of a super-sovereign storage currency. In the same year, Satoshi Nakamoto disclosed the first-generation blockchain source code-"Bitcoin" online.
2. How does the blockchain system operate?
First of all, Satoshi Nakamoto knew very well that establishing a credit system for payment must solve the problem of preventing "duplicate payments", that is, no counterfeit currency can be created. The centralized credit system relies on state machinery to prevent counterfeit currency. What about "Bitcoin"? Satoshi Nakamoto's great innovation is to "timestamp" every transaction. There is a block (block: equivalent to a network account book) every ten minutes, and all network transactions for these ten minutes are correctly timestamped. The question is who will cover it? Satoshi Nakamoto did not assume that everyone on the Internet is Lei Feng. He agreed with Adam Smith: people in the market are greedy. He asked the so-called "miners" to compete for the accounting rights of these ten-minute blocks. The rules of the competition were to keep the accounting correctly and at the same time to solve the SH problem.For the A256 problem, whoever can prove that their computer has the fastest computing power (the so-called PROOF OF WORK mechanism) can compete for the legal accounting rights of these ten-minute blocks and receive a reward of twenty-five Bitcoins. This is the so-called "mining" process. It is actually a decentralized credit process that establishes a network-wide ledger - the blockchain. Therefore, the more essential function of miners is "bookkeepers"!
Satoshi Nakamoto is here In its Bitcoin white paper, the process of establishing this credit system is described in detail:
Step 1: In order for the entire network to recognize it as valid, each transaction must be broadcast to each node (node: that is, the miner);
The second step: Each miner node must correctly timestamp each transaction in these ten minutes and record it in that block;
The third step: Each miner node must Compete for the legal accounting rights of this ten-minute block by solving the SHA256 puzzle, and strive to get a reward of twenty-five bitcoins (fifty bitcoins every ten minutes for the first four years, decreasing by half every four years);< br>Step 4: If a miner node solves the SHA256 puzzle of these ten minutes, it will publish all the timestamped transactions recorded in its ten-minute blocks to the entire network, and they will be checked by other miner nodes in the entire network;< br>Step 5: Other miner nodes in the entire network check the correctness of the block accounting (because they are also stamping the accounting at the same time, but they have not competed for the legal block accounting rights, so there is no reward), there is no error Finally, they will compete for the next block after the legal block, thus forming a single chain of legal accounting blocks, which is the general ledger of the Bitcoin payment system - the blockchain.
Generally speaking, each transaction must undergo six block confirmations, that is, six ten-minute accounting, before it can finally be recognized as a legal transaction on the blockchain. The following is the accounting format of Bitcoin:
So the so-called "Bitcoin" is such a billing system: it includes the owner electronically signing with the private key and paying to the next owner, and then the entire network's "miners" "Time stamp the account and form a blockchain.
3. What are the innovations in Bitcoin’s blockchain finance?
Similar to gold, trying to establish decentralized credit on the global Internet may allow value to flow across the entire network at high speed and at low rates (currently each transfer The transfer rate is one ten thousandth);
The total amount of currency is agreed upon by the cryptographic protocol;
Compared to gold, digital currency is infinitely divisible;
The value of currency can be based on a large number of P2P transactions ;
Full transparency in financial management (every transaction can be traced on the blockchain).
Bitcoin’s blockchain-wide accounting system has established a market value of US$10 billion, the highest on the global Internet. Therefore, Wu Xiaoling, dean of Tsinghua PBC School of Finance, pointed out: The blockchain experiment established distributed credit, which is an upgraded version of Internet TCP/IP, upgrading from information transmission to value transmission;
4. Bitcoin’s blocks What are the inherent flaws of the chain system?
Bitcoin’s blockchain system hasSince its open source operation on the Internet in 2009, there have been some successes, but it has also shown some inherent flaws that are difficult to overcome:
The total amount cannot change with the market situation and will inevitably rise and fall;
The high carbon of mining , less than 1% of the miners can compete for the accounting rights of less than ten minutes of blocks, and more than 99% of the other miners participating in the competition waste their computing power;
The annual inflation of about 10% has greatly increased the impact of Bitcoin finance The ecological cost even threatens her survival;
As a decentralized self-organizing DAC system, the operating costs of the accounting and issuance functions are too high.
As a global payment system, its efficiency is far from meeting the actual requirements of global trade. The Bitcoin network currently confirms a maximum of 7 transactions per second. In comparison, Visa's network system can process 10,000 transactions per second at the fastest, and Alipay's record is 80,000 transactions per second on Singles' Day in 2014!
5. Block The development of chain technology 2.0:
As the 2.0 upgrade and development of blockchain, it first focuses on solving the high-carbon mining of Bitcoin accounting:
When we discuss how to overcome the high carbon of Bitcoin mining and accounting Professor Liu Taoxiong from the Tsinghua Institute of Economics pointed out that mining competition relies on computing power. In the end, only one company competes for the legal accounting rights, and the other 99% of the miner nodes are mined for nothing, which is a waste of resources. It is obviously unreasonable. If The whole network transparently knows the legal accounting rights of the next block, and it is randomly generated in the entire network, which eliminates the high carbon cost of competitive accounting! After hearing this, we all praised Professor Liu for his brilliant idea, because the second generation is now more successful. Coin NXT has this mechanism. Their white paper is called "Transparent Forging". However, the probability of the accounting rights going to someone is directly proportional to the NXT token holdings in each miner node wallet. This is called the proof of equity mechanism ( PROOF OF STOCK). Of course, this also triggered a debate about the unfairness of NXT’s distribution of tokens to early investment developers!
RIPPLE is a semi-decentralized blockchain solution that uses “trusted gateways” to conduct block operations. The credibility of chain accounting is based on the consensus ledger protocol that these gateways will not do evil at the same time.
The most ambitious attempt is Ethereum, which combines blockchain technology with Turing completeness, hoping to develop a basic platform that can support the construction of various blockchain systems in the future. The development of various credit currencies, digital assets, smart protocols and even financial derivatives. The system design is to unify blockchain accounting on the ETHERUM platform and be used by all developers. Maybe their official version will be released in the near future.
6. Possible applications of blockchain innovation in other fields:
Now, blockchain’s attempts to establish decentralized credit are no longer limited to the financial world, but have attracted attention from all fields of society, especially in At present, some of China's central credits, such as the "Red Cross", are in a "collapse" situation. Blockchain can better manage society.Providing a new way of thinking and technology options, here are some new developments and related discussions we have learned about:
The combination of blockchain and the Internet of Things unifies digital assets and atomic assets, smoothing the gap between consumer assets and cash assets. Difference, expand public credit, accelerate value circulation; (IBM-Samsung)
Establish an intellectual property protection system on the blockchain, record the use of intellectual property across the entire network, and establish a global advertising market;
Blockchain Whether it can provide technical support for the issuance of protocol-based cryptographic currencies by emerging economies along the Belt and Road;
Blockchain + cloud computing can develop into decentralized self-media and community systems;
Blockchain can build The centralized equity crowdfunding system allows innovative projects to enter the circulation field in advance;
Blockchain can develop a fully transparent financial management system;
Blockchain supports the establishment of global decentralized corporate organizations.
In short, in this era when credit has become a scarce resource, the technological innovation of blockchain, as a distributed credit model, provides new opportunities for finance, social management, talent evaluation and decentralized organization construction in the global market. All provide a broad development prospect.

❼ What exactly is blockchain? Decrypt the concept of blockchain

❽ What is the technical principle of blockchain

The key points involved in blockchain technology include: Decentralized, Trustless, Collectivelymaintain, ReliableDatabase, Timestamp, and Asymmetric Encryption (AsymmetricCryptography) etc.

Blockchain technology redefines the way credit is generated in the network: In the system, participants do not need to know the background information of other people, nor do they need to rely on guarantees or guarantees from third-party institutions. Blockchain Technology ensures that the system records, transmits, and stores value transfer activities, and the final result must be credible.

(8) Extended reading of blockchain Monero original chain

The source of the principle of blockchain technology can be summarized as a mathematical problem: the Byzantine Generals Problem. The Byzantine Generals Problem extends to Internet life, and its connotation can be summarized as: in the context of the Internet, when it is necessary to conduct value exchange activities with unfamiliar counterparties, how can people prevent themselves from being deceived by malicious saboteurs? Be confused and make wrong decisions.

Further extending the Byzantine Generals Problem to the technical field, its connotation can be summarized as: in the absence of a trustworthy central node and a trustworthy channel, the problems distributed in the network How should each node reach consensus. Blockchain technology solves the long-known Byzantine Generals Problem by providing a way to create a consensus network without trusting individual nodes.