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A. What other service facilities do you think should be added to the community?

I think that service facilities should be added from the aspects of travel, life, and medical care:

1. Diversion of people and vehicles or relative independence Trails for the elderly: At this stage, many communities cannot separate people and vehicles, especially old communities that do not have the conditions to separate people and vehicles. Elderly people with limited mobility will pose safety risks and will also delay the normal and smooth travel of vehicles. Therefore, setting up independent walking paths for the elderly can solve such problems.

2. Community elevators in old communities: Climbing stairs is the most strenuous and most easily injured daily activity for the elderly. Installing an elevator can solve the problem of climbing stairs for the elderly.

6. Volunteers can provide door-to-door services on a regular basis. Help the elderly clean up their home, chat with them, and give them some care. Lift limbs

7. Monitoring. You can install a monitoring device at the door of each elderly person's home. Most children in the house will install it. After all, privacy is involved. Installing a themed community at the door can make it easier to see the condition of the elderly. If they have not been out for a long time, you can care for them by calling people at their door to avoid accidents that no one will know about.

B. Re-understand the blockchain: Enlightenments brought by more than 1,550 application cases

Author: Ran Wei

(This article is excerpted from "2021 Global Blockchain Application Market Report")

When we talk about blockchain, anyone who knows something about blockchain can express themselves more or less on related topics. opinion. For example: from the perspective of technical system, blockchain is a new application of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm; from the perspective of functional attributes, blockchain is decentralized, non-tamperable, and full-process. Features such as leaving traces, traceability, collective maintenance, openness and transparency.

Looking back at the history of blockchain, there is no way around Bitcoin. On January 3, 2009, the Bitcoin genesis block with serial number 0 was born. A few days later, on January 9, 2009, Bitcoin block number 1 was born. When two blocks are connected, the blockchain is "born."

The inventor of Bitcoin, whose pseudonym is “Satoshi Nakamoto”, may find it difficult to imagine: In the past 12 years, with Bitcoin as the center, a huge “cryptocurrency family” has spread all over the world. The financial market set off a "big wave" that continues to this day. During this period, innovation and risks related to cryptocurrency are intertwined, progress and bubbles coexist, and pursuit and criticism coexist, and it drives government departments of various countries to continuously improve the monetary and financial systems, social governance and supervision systems.

At the same time, the blockchain that accompanies Bitcoin is also evolving rapidly, and has long gone beyond the scope of "Bitcoin's underlying technology" and has been applied to every corner of society and economic development..

So, what mechanism does blockchain work through? What are its advantages compared to traditional technologies and models? What is its application effect? In the "2021 Global Blockchain Application Market Report" jointly released by Capital Lab and Yuanwang Think Tank, we tried to provide a certain basis for the above issues through research on more than 1,550 application cases around the world in 2020 and the first quarter of 2021. Empirical answer. At the same time, based on the study of these cases, we can establish a new understanding of blockchain: blockchain is trust, blockchain is sharing, blockchain is transaction, blockchain is substitution, and blockchain is efficiency.

In the Bitcoin creation paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Currency System", "Satoshi Nakamoto" repeatedly emphasized that Bitcoin has the characteristics of not relying on a "trusted third party". That is the characteristic of “decentralization”.

On the other hand, the underlying technology of Bitcoin, the blockchain, is precisely designed for "trust." In other words, reshaping "trust" in the digital age is the most basic function of the blockchain, but this trust has been transformed from trust between people and legal entities to trust between machines and machines. Trust between blocks and between nodes. Interestingly, the subsequent “smart contract” function has further strengthened this trust through its integration with the blockchain.

Identity coding and authentication are the first steps to achieve the above-mentioned trust mechanism, and the distributed identity (Decentralized Identity, DID) system is the core of it. With DID applications, everyone from individuals to organizations to IoT devices, from physical items to virtual products, can be given digital "identities" and achieve trusted interactions. It is precisely because of this that blockchain-based certificate storage, empowerment, verification, circulation, and transactions can be realized, and only then can blockchain be implemented in various industries.

Application cases from around the world show that new trust mechanisms provide new rules and motivation for social and economic operations:

l China is comprehensively promoting blockchain electronic certificates Applications such as "one fish, one code", "one fruit, one code", "one tea, one code" and other applications are driving the global Anti-counterfeiting traceability of agricultural products and upgrading of food safety systems;

l Through the combination of blockchain, big data, and artificial intelligence, the credit "portrait" of an enterprise is more accurate and can be obtained faster and more accurately. Lower-cost financing services;

l Charitable charity organizations have put charity funds "on the chain" to form a more transparent and standardized charity tracking and management system;

l Relevant cities in China launch a blockchain-based gas cylinder product traceability management systemsystem, the credibility of the source of gas cylinder file information and the level of gas cylinder safety management have been greatly improved;

l Germany is establishing a digital registration system based on identity authentication for its distributed energy assets to promote renewable energy Develop and trade, and respond to the advent of the digital energy era….

Among the three types of blockchains (public chain, alliance chain, private chain), alliance chain has been the most widely used. In addition to considerations of technical performance, operational efficiency, operability, expected results, etc., this is mainly because all parties in the alliance already have a certain foundation of trust. This also shows from another perspective that in blockchain applications beyond cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, "multi-centralization" rather than complete "decentralization" is a more realistic option.

In addition, it is undeniable that unlike the proof-of-work mechanism that Bitcoin “mining” relies on, the blockchain cannot completely ensure the integrity of the on-chain data from the source in the actual application process. Authenticity. In other words, a certain alliance member or node may provide false data intentionally or unintentionally. However, with the help of blockchain's non-tampering, traceability, multi-party consensus and other characteristics, the alliance can identify counterfeiting behavior and impose corresponding punishments, such as "kicking" the counterfeiting members from the node. Therefore, in a sense, blockchain-based trust largely establishes alliance members’ awe for the authenticity of data and deters data fraud.

If "trust" is the foundation of blockchain applications, data sharing is the core of blockchain applications. Without data sharing, there will be no cooperation, and the practical application of blockchain will be impossible.

l The State Administration of Foreign Exchange's "Cross-border Financial Blockchain Service Platform" pilot has been fully launched, promoting foreign trade exports through information exchange between foreign exchange bureaus, taxation, banks and enterprise-related market entities. Business development;

l The "Insurance/Claims Alliance Chain" jointly established by 11 insurance companies in Taiwan has been put into operation, and each company has achieved "single application and common documents" on this platform;

l Blockchain platforms such as Contour and TradeLens are reshaping the global supply chain and providing impetus for the digital transformation of international trade through data collaboration among enterprises, financial institutions, shipping companies, terminals, customs and other institutions... .

l In China, through data collaboration, various government departments have realized "one data, one source, one source for multiple uses, one network, and full network operation";

l Through The "Judicial Chain" platform allows all types of electronic evidence to be seamlessly connected with judicial institutions such as notarization, arbitration, judicial appraisal, and courts, which improves the efficiency of the judicial system while reducing costs;

l Targeting grassroots nationwide The court’s “cross-domain collaboration mechanism for trial auxiliary matters” can realize the"Cross-domain service and cross-domain evidence collection" between courts in different jurisdictions have effectively improved the efficiency of trial auxiliary matters and the quality and effectiveness of trials, and reduced judicial operation costs...

l China's "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Combination Port" project was officially launched, which can support the interconnection and interoperability of trade parties among the five major customs jurisdictions of the Greater Bay Area and become the first connected port in the Greater Bay Area , customs, logistics, enterprise, finance and other trade processes, interconnected and shared blockchain network;

l Japan's KDDI Telecom, Hitachi, Kansai Electric Power, Sekisui Construction and other large enterprises have established blocks Chain Alliance NEXCHAIN ​​to form a cross-industry real estate information sharing and management model and promote cross-industry innovation;

l The French Renault Group completed the test of its blockchain project "XCEED" for zero Sharing compliance information between component suppliers and automakers and simplifying compliance certification….

Although the above application cases in finance, government affairs and various industries are only a few typical cases, they are enough to illustrate that: on the one hand, data sharing is an inherent requirement of blockchain applications. In terms of specific implementation, everything must start from breaking "data islands" and "information asymmetry"; on the other hand, the application practice of blockchain has in turn promoted cross-level, cross-department, cross-industry, cross-region, and cross- Data sharing and unprecedented cooperation across national borders.

It can also be seen from the above cases that based on the transparency, security, trustworthiness and other characteristics of the blockchain, data sharing allows cooperation that originally seemed impossible to be achieved, and more Open innovation results; data sharing can effectively improve the operating efficiency of business systems, financial systems and social governance systems; various organizations promote their own organizational changes and process changes while sharing and cooperating with external institutions.

Based on trust and sharing, "transaction" is the most intuitive and deepest manifestation of the value of blockchain applications. Currently, blockchain is opening a new chapter in the transformation of transaction models in various industries around the world.

From the perspective of functional architecture, blockchain-based transactions are by no means just a change in the transaction process. Instead, they integrate various unique functions of the blockchain. Integrated integration of blockchain applications such as logistics, payment/settlement, supply chain financing, insurance, and network security.

From the perspective of application form, blockchain-based transactions transcend the traditional concept of product or service transactions and represent the realization of the value of a wider range of data in circulation.

From the perspective of application scenarios, transactions based on blockchain involve the upgrading of the physical industry, the digital advancement of the financial industry, and the innovative application of the "token economy".

In the real industry, take the application of agricultural blockchain as an example: On the one hand, supply chain traceability based on blockchain has becomeIt is an important barrier for food safety; but on the other hand, for growers or farmers, the supply chain traceability function is far from enough. How to help them expand the sales of agricultural products and obtain more income as much as possible is the "hard truth" for blockchain technology to continue to promote agricultural development. In other industries, the same applies.

Against the above background, new trading platforms in the global physical industry continue to emerge:

l The Indian government uses blockchain platforms to help farmers in remote areas sell agricultural products to reduce the While eliminating intermediate fees, obtain higher income;

l The Swiss company Cerealia builds a blockchain-based agricultural product trading and financing platform to promote the export of agricultural products in emerging market countries around the world;

l The world's largest independent refined sugar producer, Al Khaleej Sugar Company of the United Arab Emirates, launched DigitalSugar.io, a blockchain-based sugar product trading platform, to realize spot-based international raw sugar trading;

l Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, has launched an international timber electronic trading platform based on blockchain, which will manage the entire timber transaction process on the chain, and will provide the timber market with full industry chain services such as cloud warehouse supervision, logistics, finance, and insurance;
< br /> l Shandong Province launched the Shandong Internet Traditional Chinese Medicine Trading Platform, which will use blockchain and other technologies to achieve online integrated services of quality control, trading, payment, settlement and supervision;

l Suzhou Phase Weitang Town in the urban area has released a blockchain-based pearl online trading platform, which will store the core parameters and test reports of pearls on the chain, and will also add functions such as supply chain management, trade finance, smart contracts, payment settlement, and incentive mechanisms;

l Honeywell launched GoDirect Trade, an online trading platform for new and second-hand aircraft parts, providing a valuable reference for large manufacturers on how to apply blockchain to parts trading and circulation... ….

In the financial industry, blockchain is promoting the digital advancement of financial transaction business in aspects such as securities trading, asset securitization, trade financing, and cross-border settlement:

l The Australian National Stock Exchange has launched ClearPay, a digital securities trading platform based on distributed ledger technology, which can provide multi-currency, real-time DVP settlement on the same day and will replace the original exchange settlement system;

l Switzerland The company Finka has launched a related securitization token investment platform based on livestock from organic pastures in Bolivia to promote the development of the local livestock industry;

l The American company Securitize has established a Japanese real estate investment platform based on digital securities , aiming to revitalize idle real estate in rural Japan and enhance rural economic vitality;

l Postal Savings Bank of China and China Construction Bank completed the first cross-blockchain platform forfaiting transaction, and Hua Xia Bank Kunming Branch implemented forfaiting resale business in the secondary market for the first time;
< br /> l Nanjing Iron and Steel completed blockchain-based iron ore transactions with Rio Tinto of Australia and Vale of Brazil respectively;

l Baosteel Co., Ltd. and Rio Tinto of Australia completed the first regional-based iron ore transaction. RMB cross-border settlement transactions on the blockchain….

Of course, while blockchain promotes the advancement of financial transaction business, dark sides such as hype, scams, money laundering, and cyber attacks related to blockchain and cryptocurrency continue to follow. How to continue to promote financial innovation while also carrying out efficient risk prevention and control and effectively cracking down on illegal crimes is an important issue that requires long-term response. From a global perspective, China has responded with clear attitudes, strict measures, and effective measures in this regard.

The transaction changes realized by the blockchain in the real industry and financial industry are only the initial stage of the blockchain changing the traditional transaction method. The "Token Economy" is the blockchain "transaction" A higher level of functionality.

Under the framework of the "token economy", from electronic certificates to skill certificates, from credit records to public welfare activity participation records, from social media tracks to carbon emission reduction actions, when various data become When an encrypted digital proof of rights is circulated and exchangeable, it is given the function of "token".

Regardless of the investment/speculation craze of "Non-Fungible Token (NFT)", we can already see many early applications of "token economy" around the world:

l The HotCity project supported by the Austrian government uses a crowdsourcing model combined with blockchain and gamification tokens to encourage residents to submit heating waste heat hotspots to meet urban heating needs more efficiently;< br />
l Ford establishes "Green Miles" for commercial and municipal fleets using hybrid vehicles to help improve urban air quality;

l Weibin District, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, in its In the blockchain industrial park project, tokens are issued based on the points system for merchants and enterprises to establish a new commercial service platform;

l Chengdu released a blockchain-based community governance product "Chain Community", Residents can earn "time bank" points on the platform through volunteer services and other activities, and exchange them for benefits and discounts provided by community merchants;

l Global non-profit organization "Mobile Open Blockchain Plan" The Electric Vehicle Charging Network Working Group (EVGI) launches a global standard system for decentralized vehicle charging technology, covering generalCertified Carbon Credit (TCC) scenario;

l The blockchain reward platform MiL.k cooperates with Korean retailers to provide blockchain-based points management services for its members. Members can convert existing points into local MLK tokens through the MiL.k platform, or exchange them into other third-party points...

As can be seen from the above cases and more, the "token economy" has several distinctive features:

The "token economy" gives assets to a wider range of data Attributes and tradable attributes, and through cross-domain and cross-platform mutual trust and circulation, can improve the operating efficiency of the entire social and economic system;

"Token economy" is a new value creation and The realization process does not necessarily use currency directly as the medium of exchange, but is more reflected in the exchange, mutual benefit and reallocation of various elements and resources;

"Token economy" is often combined with incentive mechanisms. At the same time, through incentives for "good people and good deeds", "good companies" and "good institutions", the social value system and social credit system will be effectively reshaped.

Generally speaking, the "token economy" will spawn new production factors, reshape production relations, and greatly liberate social productivity; the "token economy" represents the direction of the "information Internet" The evolution of the "Internet of Value" indicates the most exciting future of the digital economy; the "token economy" based on the blockchain has begun to take shape and has begun to bring changes to economic operations, social governance, and everyone's lifestyle. Continuously visible change. All types of institutions and individuals should be mentally and physically prepared for this change.

Like other new technologies, in the process of application and popularization, blockchain continues to produce substitution effects in terms of platforms, media, models, methods, etc.: physical documents are replaced by electronic documents, and credit records are replaced by electronic documents. Tokens are replaced, manual review is replaced by data verification, and the city management platform is replaced by the "city brain"...

Such substitutions have become the norm:

l Argentina’s central bank has begun a proof-of-concept for a new blockchain clearing system, which may replace the existing clearing system;< br />
l Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation (KOMSCO) expanded its blockchain digital gift certificate business to replace paper gift certificates and achieved record revenue despite a sharp decline in the issuance of banknotes and coins. Improvement;

l Courts across China have begun to use blockchain electronic seals to replace traditional paper seals in the enforcement of real estate seizures;

l The Shanghai court system is using artificial intelligence , the adoption of new technologies such as blockchain, and explore the use of digital court trial records to replace manual court trial transcripts;

lJapanese company SUSMED launched a "Clinical Data Monitoring System Demonstration Using Blockchain Technology" pilot, indicating that the necessary monitoring processes in clinical trials of drugs or medical devices can be replaced by blockchain systems;

l Alipay Cooperated with Wukong Car Rental to launch a "face-swiping" car rental service. Through blockchain technology and credit-free model, tourists can rent a car by simply "swiping their face" and return the vehicle through mobile phone operations;

l Under the COVID-19 epidemic, local governments in China have intensively launched "non-face-to-face, no-contact, zero errands" government services combined with blockchain technology, replacing traditional offline service methods and providing opportunities for remote bidding and "no errands" during the epidemic. "Cloud" provides a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of customs clearance, financial support, resumption of work and production, etc...

In addition, we can also see that through the use of blockchain technology, various enterprise-level services are also realizing substitution and evolution: from paper contracts to electronic contracts, to program-based, Blockchain contracts that can automatically execute smart contracts. Blockchain is pushing contract signing into the era of "chain signing"; from offline human resources companies to online human resources platforms to the blockchain-based human resources market , global human resources services have experienced continuous changes from the 1.0 era to the 2.0 era, and then to the 3.0 era.

Generally speaking, when the blockchain "invades" various industries, it will "mercilessly" delete all unnecessary links and processes, all unnecessary manual operations, and accelerate the The era of paperless, unmanned and automated is coming.

In the process of our analysis of more than 1,550 blockchain application cases around the world, words like "improve", "accelerate", "shorten", "lower", "reduce", "save", " Words such as "save" appear frequently in front of our eyes. These words show that the improvement of efficiency is the common pursuit of all parties involved in blockchain applications and is also the most direct result of the substitution effect of blockchain.

Numerous application practices are contributing to this:

l Kenyan company Shamba Records provides blockchain traceability, transaction and financing services to farmers in the country, currently covering more than 6,000 Small farmers and helped them increase their income by at least 40%;

l TradeWaltz, a blockchain trading platform invested by NTT DATA, Mitsubishi and other companies, completed a trial run, and the results showed that the platform can reduce traditional 50% of the workload of the trade process;

l Walmart Canada has significantly reduced invoice disputes with carriers by 97% through the application of the DL Freight blockchain platform;

l The power transaction certificate traceability inquiry platform of State Grid Corporation of China was put into operation, realizing the true identity of registered users.The entire process of sexual review is automated, saving 99% of trusted manual review time;

l COSCO Shipping Lines cooperated with Shandong Port Group Qingdao Port to launch a blockchain paperless import delivery model, with an average of A container can save customers nearly 24 hours in picking up goods;

l Zhejiang Taizhou uses the "Internet of Things + Blockchain" recycling system to solve the problem of marine pollution control. Compared with traditional processing methods, this recycling system can Save 94% of labor costs and 84% of operating costs...

In summary, through the joint action of trust mechanism, sharing mechanism and transaction mechanism, blockchain has formed an obvious substitution effect, improved the operational efficiency of finance, government affairs and various industries, and will Continue to create systemic change. This change is reshaping the relationship between people and machines, people and society, and people and the environment, and clearly points to three ultimate goals: efficiency, well-being, and environmental protection.

C. The National Development and Reform Commission once again deploys the governance of virtual currency "mining". What are the serious harms of virtual currency "mining" behavior?

National Development and Reform Commission: Comprehensive rectification of industrial centralized "mining" "Mining", state-owned units involved in "mining" and Bitcoin "mining"

Qingtong's perspective
11-16 11:07 Beijing Youth Daily Beiqing.com official account
Attention
Today (November 16), at the National Development and Reform Commission’s regular press conference in November, National Development and Reform Commission spokesperson Meng Wei said that industrial centralized “mining” and state-owned units will be involved in “mining” and Bitcoin “mining” as the focus of comprehensive rectification. For units that implement residential electricity prices, if they are found to be involved in virtual currency "mining" activities, we will study the imposition of punitive electricity prices, forming a high-pressure situation to continue to rectify virtual currency "mining" activities.

On the afternoon of November 10, the National Development and Reform Commission organized a video conference on the governance of virtual currency “mining”. The meeting emphasized that all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities must resolutely implement relevant regulations on the rectification of virtual currency “mining”. Deploy, earnestly assume local responsibilities, establish systems, monitor, clean up and rectify virtual currency "mining" activities in the region, and strictly investigate and deal with "mining" activities involving the computer rooms of state-owned units.

According to the website of Jiangsu Provincial Communications Administration Bureau, the bureau has recently comprehensively investigated the “mining” behavior of virtual currencies in Jiangsu Province. The monitoring found that the export traffic of mining pools carrying out virtual currency activities in Jiangsu Province reached 136.77Mbps, and those involved in “ The total number of Internet IP addresses for "mining" is 4,502, consuming more than 10 PH/s of computing resources and 260,000 kWh/day of energy. Judging from the ownership and nature of IP addresses, about 21% of those belonging to party and government agencies, universities, and enterprises were invaded and used to carry out virtual currency “mining” activities.

In addition, Zhejiang Province has carried out special rectification work across the province to target "the use of public resources by party and government agencies, state-owned enterprises, scientific research institutions and other units to participate in 'mining'".The special operation conducted a comprehensive screening of 4,699 IP addresses across the province suspected of participating in virtual currency mining, and found out that 184 IP addresses of 77 units were suspected of using public resources to engage in mining activities.

In September, 10 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the "Notice on Regulating Virtual Currency "Mining" Activities" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"). The "Notice" requires that virtual currency "mining" incremental and existing projects be distinguished. It is strictly prohibited to invest in the construction of incremental projects and to develop virtual currency "mining" projects in any name; to accelerate the orderly exit of existing projects.

Regulatory authorities have repeatedly emphasized that it is strictly prohibited to carry out virtual currency "mining" activities in the name of data centers; they will increase administrative law enforcement efforts and resolutely prevent power generation companies, especially small hydropower companies, from "mining" virtual currencies. "Project power supply in front of the network, dedicated line direct power supply and other behaviors. Virtual currency “mining” companies are strictly prohibited from developing self-supplied power plants in any form.

In the past two months, some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities have carried out a large amount of virtual currency “mining” clearance and investigation work. However, there are still some hydropower stations and data centers that are illegally providing the electricity needed for virtual currency “mining”. In accordance with the requirements, once relevant behaviors are discovered, the "Notice" emphasizes that various channels such as the 12398 energy supervision complaint and reporting hotline will be opened, and illegal violations will be seriously investigated and punished

D. China's garbage classification situation

Garbage Classification (English name: Garbage classification) generally refers to a series of activities that classify, store, place and transport garbage according to certain regulations or standards, thereby transforming it into public resources. The purpose of classification is to increase the resource value and economic value of garbage and strive to make the best use of it.

Garbage is the private property of the public during the classification and storage stage. After the garbage is classified and put by the public, it becomes a regional quasi-public resource in the community or community where the public lives. After the garbage is classified and transported to garbage concentration points or transfer stations, it becomes non-public resources. Exclusionary public resources. Judging from the methods of classifying domestic waste in various cities at home and abroad, classification is generally based on the composition and amount of waste produced, combined with local waste resource utilization and treatment methods.

Carrying out garbage classification and collection can reduce the amount of garbage disposal and processing equipment, reduce processing costs, reduce the consumption of land resources, and has social, economic, ecological and other benefits.

Effective from May 1, 2020, the "Beijing Domestic Waste Management Regulations" will be implemented

E. The main characteristics of private equity investment

1) It is an equity investment in an unlisted company. It is considered a long-term investment due to poor liquidity, so investors will require "Alpha" returns (Alpha, that is, excess returns higher than the benchmark level of the public market);\x0d\ x0a2) There is no ready-made market for equity transferors of unlisted companies to directly reach transactions with purchasers. They must rely on personal relationships and industry agreements.Associations or intermediaries to find each other;\x0d\x0a3) Funds come from a wide range of sources, such as wealthy individuals, venture funds, leveraged buyout funds, strategic investors, pension funds, insurance companies, etc., so it has a large amount of funds and a low risk tolerance Relatively strong; \x0d\x0a4) There are three main ways of investment return: public offering and listing, sale or acquisition, and company capital structure reorganization. For companies that attract investment, private equity financing not only has the benefits of long investment period and increased capital, but may also bring management, technology, market and other needed professional skills to the company. If the investor is a large, well-known company or a well-known financial institution, their reputation and resources will be beneficial to increasing the listed stock price and improving the performance of the secondary market when the company is listed in the future. Secondly, compared with the volatile and unpredictable public market, the equity investment capital market is a more stable source of financing. Third, in the process of introducing private equity investment, it can be kept confidential from competitors, because information disclosure is limited to investors and does not have to be made public like a listing, which is very important;\x0d\x0a5) In terms of fund raising, it is mainly through Non-public fundraising is open to a small number of institutional investors or individuals, and its sales and redemptions are conducted by fund managers through private negotiations with investors. In addition, the investment method is also carried out in the form of private equity, which rarely involves public market operations, and generally does not need to disclose transaction details;\x0d\x0a6) Equity investment is mostly adopted, and debt investments are rarely involved. PE investment institutions also enjoy certain voting rights in the decision-making management of invested companies. This is reflected in the investment tools, which mostly use common stocks or transferable preferred stocks, as well as convertible bonds;\x0d\x0a7) Generally invest in private companies, that is, unlisted companies, and rarely invest in publicly issued companies, which will not involve Obligation to acquire by tender offer;\x0d\x0a8) It prefers established enterprises that have formed a certain scale and generated stable cash flow, which is obviously different from VC;\x0d\x0a9) The investment period is longer, generally up to 3 to 5 years years or longer, it is a medium- and long-term investment;\x0d\x0a10) PE investment institutions mostly adopt limited partnerships. This form of corporate organization has good investment management efficiency and avoids the disadvantages of double taxation;\x0d\x0a11 ) Investment exit channels are diversified, including IPO, TRADE SALE, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), target company management buyback, etc.

F. What changes does technological innovation bring to life?

1. Innovations in the Internet fields such as mobile payment, e-commerce, and shared bicycles have become China’s new technological business card and are favored by netizens. Included in the "Four New Inventions". New technologies and new applications emerge one after another, each leading the way, allowing guests from all over the world to see the innovative achievements of China's Internet development, lighting upA new life of wisdom for the common people.
2. The "Sunway TaihuLight" supercomputer, Beidou satellite navigation system, quantum computing communication technology, etc. represent China's latest breakthroughs in high-precision technology. People have seen that China is showing unprecedented innovation confidence in the field of network information.
3. Intelligent translation software can not only "understand" people's words, but also translate them into English in real time. Going to the venue, the smart and efficient security inspection system and vehicle dispatching make it very convenient. Strolling inside and outside the conference venue, innovative achievements such as intelligent service robots can be seen everywhere.
4. Tmall unmanned supermarket uses technologies such as "behavior trajectory analysis", "emotion recognition" and "eye tracking" to generate rich and personalized interactions between consumers, products and stores.
5. Artificial intelligence will lead a new product and service system. Network founder and chairman Robin Li believes that the development of artificial intelligence is a long process, and an open deep learning platform will help promote the development of the entire artificial intelligence industry.

G. Three major directions for the future development of blockchain technology

How can disruptive creative subsidiary industries be strategically transformed in blockchain technology? |During the universal bit chain tutorial, everyone realized the disruptive innovation that blockchain technology can bring to the industrial grinding service industry. Based on its own challenging shortcomings, blockchain technology has the potential to boost development in many fields. Subsidiary industries have undergone strategic changes, but in the process of implementing new plans in Taiwan, blockchain technology can only solve certain problems, and it needs to be combined with more information technology to create independent innovations. Subsidiary industry strategic shifts shape more detailed ways of overcoming. Therefore, Wanxiang Blockchain proposed the concept of "distributed sensing technology manufacturing embedded", taking blockchain technology as the core, integrating the challenging shortcomings of privacy calculation and data warehouse, and diversifying disruptive ideas. Subsidiaries’ industrial strategic changes.

So, what are the development prospects for the strategic transformation of the industrial production and grinding service industry based on the embedded manufacturing of distributed system sensing skills?

1. From the supervision method of product planning life cycle to the supervision method of adopting meaningful planning life cycle

The embedded implementation of distributed system manufacturing industry is due to the diverse reasons at all levels of subsidiaries. Internet, collect, send, discuss and generate networked feedback on various data to promote the improvement of subsidiary productivity, product quality and operational supervision, and adopt meaningful planning life cycle supervision methods and supply chain cooperation, And speed up the demand response and delivery speed of products, improve resource allocation, strengthen the independence and creativity of business operation methods, and achieve the improvement and improvement of various manufacturing and operation activities.

Three transformation paths for the manufacturing and service industries in the digital era

Modern production systemThe manufacturing industry usually pays more attention to the mechanical technology efficiency of individual machines and equipment, ignoring that the adoption significance of products is caused by a series of reliable industrial production processes. Partial best does not make the overall best, so industrial production is often ignored. With each round of process supervision and the connection under the networked installation operating system, there are very few that can realize logistics management-level data interconnection. But at the same time, the improvement in logistics alone requires the use of network perception, discussion, decision-making and identification, in order to supervise the cycle of a product in a good way. The data collection after the product is made must be an open platform that connects different components and controls the whereabouts of client devices, so as to find manufacturing embedded systems that use blockchain applications, encryption methods, and artificial intelligence reconstruction.

Based on the application of blockchain, under the distributed manufacturing production method created by the Internet of distributed smart production devices, ecological partners in the upstream and downstream of the manufacturing peptide chain Change becomes a node above the county's blockchain technology and completes the mutually subversive creativity below the node. For example, when the company combines the retailer and customer data in the chain logistics supervision with the character cement factory, it can use real-time short-term customer support to control the overall planning and production status, and flexibly customize according to the customer's specifications. Out of regulation, obtain the largest customer support rate at the lowest cost. Therefore, this kind of application to track the completion of challenges not only allows the company to improve the overall planning process and production execution, but also improves the company's bridge with strategic retailers and customers.

Based on the supervision method of the application life cycle of the significance plan under the Internet of distributed intelligent production equipment, the industrial significance inspection operation and data plot operation mode are reconstructed, which can be completed for industrial production-related Banking industry's own joint news, manufacturing chain analysis, financial industry analysis and training higher education have been diversified.

2. Cooperation and upgrading of the operating system of the entire production process equipment

China’s grinding service industry has a relatively long history of mechanical technology and networking, even within the same industry , the mechanical technology level and key technologies of the subsidiaries are also completely different. Therefore, the sample distribution is relatively scattered, and it is difficult to obtain scientific data on the product planning life cycle required by character cement plants. After the subsidiary is launched, it uses blockchain applications to reconstruct the warehouse supervision device, and on this basis, it builds shared resource factories, blockchain technology semiconductor business platforms, and adopts meaningful cycle intelligent supervision devices and other applications, which can promote the subsidiary's global operations. Integrated supervision and consultation on the challenging production process in Taiwan.

On the basis of networked manufacturing processes and procurement equipment, blockchain applications can realize cooperation across actors, such as enabling flexible shared resource allocation for production that would otherwise be impossible to complete. , which can also facilitate flexible discussions and discussions between supply and demand parties in the procurement data business field.The formula enables the entire manufacturing chain to cooperate and network devices.

Take industrial diesel and natural gas as an example; in traditional energy supply, diesel construction, heating, crude oil and other energy supplies are all operated by separate subsidiaries. In the future, blockchain technology will be the basis. In the heavy and chemical industry Internet technology on the Internet, various energy sources are closely integrated and cooperated in production, conversion, storage, transportation, manufacturing debugging, control, supervision, application, etc., forming an organic whole, making various This kind of diesel and natural gas can achieve flexible stability in different physical device operating systems through heat transfer equipment, realize flexible storage and stepped utilization of energy, and can significantly improve the conversion and utilization rate of diesel and natural gas.

Specifically speaking, blockchain technology is used to record real-time production information and costs of different energy supplies. When there are markets across different types of diesel and natural gas, several energy supplies can be recorded. On this basis, the transaction and price information below is instantly converted into the residual value price of various diesel and natural gas in each region (such as connection point rent, connected gas and heating prices, connected heating and cooling prices); otherwise the energy supply can be based on the region. The residual value price information in the blockchain technology can improve the operation of the own installation system, or by signing a smart contract, implement automatic debugging instructions based on the residual value price information, and develop energy based on the residual value price information. Spend money on cleaning.

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