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Ⅰ Is blockchain a pyramid scheme? Is blockchain a disguised pyramid scheme?

Blockchain is a new technology and is not a disguised pyramid scheme. It is just claimed by many pyramid schemes as " "Blockchain" actually does not have any technology, it is just a pyramid scheme in the name of "blockchain". The country has issued multiple announcements to crack down on this type of pyramid scheme. The following is Xinhuanet's report on blockchain MLM:

Blockchain is not equivalent to virtual currency, and there are also security risks. Behind the popularity, there are exaggerated hype with "ulterior motives". Only by removing the flashiness can the blockchain return to its true application value.

Invest 80,000 yuan and it will become 800,000 yuan in three months? Shenzhen police uncovered a huge fund-raising fraud case. Under the guise of blockchain concepts and 10 times earnings, thousands of investors have fallen deeply into it, with the amount involved reaching 307 million yuan. Under the "mysterious veil" of the blockchain, criminals have taken advantage of the opportunity to use their tricks, and the blockchain has become a "signature" for economic crimes such as fraud and pyramid schemes.

Why has the blockchain been repeatedly “misused” by illegal activities such as pyramid schemes and fraud? Apart from being “unclear”, what is the “function” of blockchain technology itself? Since the beginning of this year, with the increased supervision and the cooling of the currency speculation trend, new opportunities have been brought to the development of blockchain. How is the implementation of blockchain commercial "applications" now? Reporters from "Lookout" News Weekly recently conducted an investigation into this.

When the three-month "fund release period" promised by the trading platform expired and the staff started "kicking" people in the QQ group, Tang Haiyan, who lives in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, realized that she might have been cheated. .

Previously, Tang Haiyan invested 80,000 yuan to buy a virtual currency called "Puyin Coin" under the introduction of a classmate. "The other party said that this currency is the most advanced blockchain technology at the moment, with Tibetan tea as collateral, and he also showed me a 'technical white paper'. I didn't understand blockchain, so I didn't read it carefully."

Although he doesn’t know much about blockchain or virtual currencies, Tang Haiyan is full of expectations for the high investment returns. She told reporters that the company that issued the "Common Silver Coin" would regularly split the virtual currency at a ratio of 1:10, which means that each split would increase the value of the "Common Silver Coin" in the hands of investors by 10 times. . As long as it is split once, the 80,000 yuan she invested is equivalent to buying "common silver coins" worth 800,000 yuan, and she can get huge profits by selling them on the trading platform.

According to the rules of the trading platform, the "common silver coins" just purchased cannot be traded immediately. They must be frozen on the platform for three months before the "release period" can begin. However, when three months passed, Tang Haiyan not only failed to double her assets, but also the 80,000 yuan frozen on the platform could no longer be used for transactions.

“Other investors began to question the authenticity of this investment in the QQ group. As a result, the company staff kicked these investors out one by one. I felt bad.” She said.

Facts also proved Tang Haiyan’s intuition. At the end of March 2018, Shenzhen police investigatedA huge fund-raising fraud case was solved, with the fraudulent funds amounting to 307 million yuan. In this case, the Shenzhen Puyin Blockchain Group Co., Ltd. involved in the case used the "blockchain + Tibetan Tea" model to issue virtual currency and defraud public deposits. Tang Haiyan was one of thousands of victims. .

An investigation by the Shenzhen police found that the company claimed that investors could trade "common silver coins" on the virtual trading platform "Jubi.com" to earn the price difference

. In fact, the change in its buying and selling price was caused by the company using investors' investment funds to perform behind-the-scenes operations, and once raised the price of "common silver coins" from 0.5 yuan to 10 yuan, allowing investors to taste some sweetness. When a large number of investors entered the market, the company continued to cash out by maliciously manipulating the price trend of "Common Silver Coins", which eventually resulted in the "Common Silver Coins" in the hands of investors being worthless.

Since 2018, engaging in fraud and pyramid schemes under the banner of blockchain has become a commonly used "routine" in new criminal methods. In April 2018, Jinan police busted a pyramid scheme gang under the guise of "western development", "national poverty alleviation", "original stocks", "blockchain" and "e-commerce", arrested more than ten main suspects, and froze the funds involved in the case There were more than 100 accounts, and more than 300 million yuan of funds involved were seized.

Jinan police said that Huileyi e-commerce company designed fake virtual disks on the Internet and released so-called "treasure coins" and "precious coins" on the grounds that the country is vigorously developing the big data industry. and other virtual currencies.

They first use the gift as a guise to give a certain amount of virtual currency to newly joined MLM personnel, with the price of each coin being tens of yuan, and then use artificial manipulation to increase the value of the virtual currency to more than 100 yuan or even hundreds of yuan. Yuan, attracting people who do not know the truth to join, and finally "cut leeks" through the cyclical fluctuations of the so-called "devaluation" of virtual currencies, repeated over and over again, and ultimately achieve the purpose of seeking illegal benefits.

In Xi'an, the local police also successfully cracked a huge online pyramid scheme under the banner of blockchain. According to the police, the criminal suspect Zheng paid a high salary to organize network platform administrators Zhang, Li and other 9 people. Since March 28, 2018, he has used collective pyramid schemes and online pyramid schemes as means to sell coins at a price of 3 yuan each. Sell ​​virtual "Datang Coins" on the "Consumption Era" online platform and control the appreciation rate;

At the same time, hold promotion meetings in multiple cities at home and abroad to attract members, and set up There are 28 levels of agents in charge. In just 18 days, the gang has developed more than 13,000 registered members. It has been found that the case involves 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across the country, and the funds involved are as high as 86 million yuan.

The "Tencent 2017 MLM Situation Awareness White Paper" released by Tencent Security Joint Laboratory stated that in recent times, various overseas capital disks, virtual currencies, ICO (blockchain project initial public offering of tokens) Financing) projects emerge in an endless stream, which hide many risks such as illegal issuance, false projects, cross-border money laundering, fraud, pyramid schemes, etc., causing a large amount of funds to flow overseas, once it crashes, runs away or loses contact, investors often have no way to complain and their losses are difficult to recover. For example, Baichuan Coin, Mark Coin, Beta Coin, Dark Coin, etc.

Reporters from "Lookout" News Weekly conducted interviews in Guangdong, Shandong, Shanghai and other places and learned that most people know that the concept of blockchain is very popular, but they are "uninformed" about the specific functions of blockchain. There are different opinions: some people think it is used for "investment and financial management" and "buying and selling currency", while others think it is "a major invention of the same magnitude as the steam engine". Some entrepreneurs are gearing up to seize this "once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to get rich."

Many people in the industry said that it is precisely because people have many misunderstandings about blockchain that criminals have the opportunity to fish in troubled waters and mislead investors.

First, blockchain is not equal to virtual currency. As of the end of last year, the number of domestic ICO participants and total transaction volume had doubled. A large number of digital currency exchanges have fled overseas, and the agency investment model has involved more ordinary people in high-risk investments.

Many industry self-media and famous speakers have formed interest alliances with issuers, digital exchanges, etc. to endorse the "Air Coin" project platform and create public opinion. In December last year, the People's Bank of China and nine other departments characterized ICOs as "suspected of illegal fund-raising, financial fraud, pyramid schemes and other illegal and criminal activities."

During the interview, many people told our reporter that the existence of tokens has built a set of equity mechanisms for the development of blockchain technology. This mechanism is indispensable for stimulating the prosperity of blockchain applications. of. "Market practice in the past five years has proven that blockchain applications without equity mechanisms are like computers without Internet connectivity and a market economy without currency. The application scenarios and development speed are greatly reduced." said an investor in Shanghai. .

In fact, tokens represented by Bitcoin are only one of the earliest products to verify blockchain technology. There is no equivalence between the two, and the existence of tokens has already affected the blockchain technology. The development of the chain has obvious negative effects.

At present, more and more people in the industry are beginning to think about whether the development of blockchain must rely on the issuance of tokens to achieve incentives. Guo Dagang, secretary-general of the Beijing Internet Finance Industry Association, told this reporter that the so-called incentive mechanism is just a theoretical basis for project parties to issue tokens.

Secondly, blockchain is not omnipotent and has security risks. Blockchain is generally considered to be able to achieve three functions:

First, the data stored on the blockchain cannot be tampered with or forged, and the data has high credibility and credibility; second, The entire transaction process is traceable, enabling accurate tracking of responsibilities; third, smart contracts embedded in the blockchain can be automatically executed based on the contract, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing the risk of default. The industry generally believes that blockchain has broad application prospects in finance, logistics, trade and other fields.

In fact, blockchain is not omnipotent, and its functions also have many limitations. It is generally believed that according to its cryptographic characteristics, if you want to tamper or forge on the blockchain, you mustTheoretically, it requires controlling more than 51% of the nodes to achieve this. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this trust creation mechanism with widespread public participation will be difficult to tamper with.

However, in reality, digital currency exchanges are frequently attacked or even stolen. On June 20, 2018, South Korea's Bithumb exchange announced on its official website that the exchange was attacked by hackers and cryptocurrency worth 35 billion won, or approximately US$32 million, was stolen.

Ji Xinhua, known as China's first generation "hacker", said that the blockchain will continue to face attacks, and the process of uploading data to the chain is prone to information leakage. Some people in the industry are also worried that once the super computing power of quantum computing is realized, it will also have a direct impact on the blockchain.

Thirdly, the popularity of blockchain is not entirely true. Data shows that from the end of 2017 to the beginning of 2018, more than 300 self-media companies mainly focused on ICO projects appeared, which became an abnormal phenomenon worth noting.

(1) Is the aftc blockchain a scam? Further reading:

On August 24, 2018, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission website released a risk A reminder to remind the general public to guard against illegal fund-raising in the name of "virtual currency" and "blockchain".

The original text is as follows:

"Risk Tips on Preventing Illegal Fund-raising in the Name of "Virtual Currency" and "Blockchain""

China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, Central Network The Office of Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the People's Bank of China, and the State Administration for Market Regulation remind:

Recently, some criminals have issued so-called "virtual currencies" and "virtual assets" under the banner of "financial innovation" and "blockchain". ""Digital assets" and other methods absorb funds and infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the public. Such activities are not really based on blockchain technology, but are actually hyping up the blockchain concept to conduct illegal fund-raising, pyramid schemes, and fraud. They mainly have the following characteristics:

1. Networking and cross-borderization are obvious. Relying on the Internet and chat tools for transactions, and using online payment tools to receive and disburse funds, risks have a wide scope and spread quickly. Some criminals rent overseas servers to build websites, essentially carry out activities for domestic residents, and remotely control illegal activities.

Some individuals claim in chat tool groups that they have obtained investment quotas for high-quality overseas blockchain projects and can invest on their behalf, which is most likely a fraudulent activity. Most of the funds for these illegal activities flow overseas, making supervision and tracking very difficult.

2. Strong deception, temptation and concealment. They use hot concepts to create hype and fabricate numerous "high-level" theories. Some even use celebrity V's "platform" propaganda, and use airdrops of "candy" as temptations, claiming that "currency values ​​only rise but not fall" and "the investment cycle is short. "High returns, low risks", which is highly deceptive.

In actual operation, criminals illegally make huge profits by manipulating the price trend of so-called virtual currencies behind the scenes and setting profit and withdrawal thresholds. In addition, some criminals use ICO, IFOIssuing tokens through innovative projects such as IEO and IEO, or conducting virtual currency speculation in the form of IMO under the banner of sharing economy, are highly concealed and deceptive.

3. There are various illegal risks. Through publicity, criminals use "static returns" (profits from currency appreciation) and "dynamic returns" (profits from offline development) as bait to attract the public to invest funds, and induce investors and development personnel to join in, constantly expanding the capital pool. , with characteristics of illegal fund-raising, pyramid schemes, fraud and other illegal activities.

Such activities use "financial innovation" as a gimmick, but are essentially a Ponzi scheme of "borrowing new and repaying old", making it difficult to maintain long-term capital operations. The general public is requested to view the blockchain rationally, do not blindly believe in promises made by the public, establish correct currency concepts and investment concepts, and effectively improve risk awareness; they can actively report to relevant departments any clues about illegal crimes discovered.

II Is blockchain reliable?

With the development of the times, many science and technologies are now used in people’s lives, and blockchain is used in a very wide range of applications. As an Internet technology, the purpose of blockchain is to verify the validity of information, so it has an anti-counterfeiting function. Blockchain is a combination of many data blocks in a chain structure in time order to maintain the reliability of the database. The application fields of blockchain are also relatively wide, and are often used in finance, the Internet, insurance, and some public welfare fields. Blockchain is divided into public and private. Its biggest features are high transparency, decentralization and collective maintenance. Because it is used too widely, many people have doubts about blockchain in daily life. I don’t know. Is it reliable?

Generally speaking, blockchain technology is not a scam. It is reliable, but it also has certain disadvantages. Blockchain technology can have great benefits if applied in legal fields, but once it goes astray and is introduced into illegal fields, it will have very serious consequences.

III Is blockchain a lie?

"Blockchain" is an important concept in the new era. It is essentially a centralized database and a digital currency. underlying technologies. According to our popular explanation, the "blockchain" can be regarded as a ledger, and each bill is a block. However, this ledger is centralized, and it can be said that no company or team has jurisdiction over it. "Blockchain" technology is a unique informatization that is centralized and cannot cross-change information. Now in daily life, this technology has been applied to a series of applications such as electronic invoices and payment codes.
In today's life, many people use this guise to commit fraud. Direct sales disks, capital disks, technology disks and other names are used to lure people to make money and then run away. As a result, many people have lost their funds and have nowhere to defend their rights. In the end, I can only say that "blockchain" is a lie. There is no right or wrong in technology, it’s the people who are wrong.
With the progress of the times and the progress of society, the initial application of any technology will be subject to various positive and negative doubts. However, with the relative application and maturity of technology, increasingWith the improvement of technology, various applications around people will continue to improve. I believe that in the near future, these doubts will slowly dissipate.
The following is a summary of some blockchain scams that are often around you!
Trap 1: Blockchain is about issuing coins to make money
Trap 2: Conducting virtual currency transactions, promising low investment and high returns
Trap 3: Decentralization can solve all problems
Trap 4: With the extension of the blockchain, you can make money with a mining machine
Trap 5: Transactions on WeChat and Alipay to buy and sell virtual currencies
In short, the methods of scammers are also advancing with the times. Through our "eyes of wisdom", we can improve and enhance our adaptability, discover and alert ourselves, and prevent being deceived. Investors must be wary of various deceptive methods that offer low investment and high returns.

IV Is blockchain a pyramid scheme? Beware of scammers using new technologies to defraud.

Many people are not clear about the name blockchain, and some even suspect it is a pyramid scheme. So the question is, do you understand the definition of blockchain? Do you think blockchain is a pyramid scheme? Some citizens have reported that some people use blockchain to commit fraud, and some people have been defrauded of a lot of money. So, does this mean that blockchain is unreliable?

Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "full traces left", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained". Based on these characteristics, blockchain technology has laid a solid foundation of "trust", created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism, and has broad application prospects.

It is understood that blockchain is a new technology and is not a disguised MLM. It is just claimed by many MLM organizations as "blockchain". In fact, there is no technology and it is just called "blockchain". "It's just a pyramid scheme, and the state has issued announcements many times to crack down on this type of pyramid scheme.

However, I hope everyone understands that blockchain is high technology and a new technology that has brought many changes to society. However, in order to make money, scammers set their sights on the blockchain, and their purpose is to use the blockchain to defraud. Therefore, everyone must be careful of similar scams. Before investing in a project, you must investigate to see if it is legitimate and reliable.

I once again remind you that blockchain is just an underlying technology of the Internet and has nothing to do with pyramid schemes. Because many people don’t understand it, many people use the slogan of blockchain to carry out pyramid schemes to illegally raise funds. . In fact, to identify MLM, you need to look at three characteristics:

1. Entry fee. Whether it is necessary to subscribe for goods or pay fees to obtain the qualifications to join or to develop the qualifications of others to join to obtain illegal benefits; 2. Pulling people. Whether you need to develop others to become your downline, and determine the number of people you develop based on the number of people you can directly or indirectly develop on a rolling basis.Pay remuneration based on quantity and seek illegal benefits; 3. Remuneration method. Whether remuneration is calculated based on the sales performance of direct or indirect development personnel to seek illegal benefits. If it meets the above characteristics, it may be suspected of pyramid schemes.

IV Is the blockchain investment platform a scam?

Blockchain investment itself is not a scam, but its price formation mechanism is opaque, which can easily cause huge losses to investors and lacks supervision. , and therefore may become a scam. If investors are defrauded due to blockchain investment, they can defend their rights against the exchange and the project party. Any behavior that constitutes fraud or other crimes should be reported promptly, and the judicial authorities will investigate the corresponding criminal liability.
[Legal Basis]
Article 3 of the "Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China" If the law expressly stipulates that the act is a crime, it shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the law; if the law does not expressly stipulate that the act is a crime, it shall not be convicted and punished. Article 13 All activities that endanger national sovereignty, territorial integrity and security, split the country, subvert the power of the people's democratic dictatorship and overthrow the socialist system, undermine social and economic order, infringe upon state-owned property or property collectively owned by the working people, and infringe upon the private rights of citizens All property, infringement of citizens' personal rights, democratic rights and other rights, as well as other behaviors that are harmful to society and should be punished according to the law are crimes, but if the circumstances are obvious and minor and the harm is not great, they are not considered crimes.

VI Is blockchain a lie?

The development of China’s blockchain industry is uneven, and it is growing wildly. As of August this year, the development level of my country’s blockchain industry is at the forefront of the world. The total number of enterprises ranks second in the world after the United States. Monitoring data from the National Internet Emergency Center’s Key Laboratory of Internet Financial Security Technology shows that there are more than 32,000 companies with the word “blockchain” or whose operations involve blockchain. Chain technology companies only account for about 10%, or even less than 10%.

In other words, there are many organizations committing fraud under the guise of "blockchain"!

Scammer's routine:

Elementary routine: Use big words to make big profits

Publicity rhetoric: "You can make a lot of money even while lying down!"

< p>The essence of the scam: Using so-called "projects" that claim high returns in professional terms to raise funds from victims, the essence is financial fraud.

Intermediate routine: play with the concept and get high dividends

Promotional rhetoric: "The benefits of the sharing economy are considerable"

The essence of the scam: illegal fund-raising (such as "Qubu" APP )

Advanced routine: high rebates for currency speculation

Promotional rhetoric: "Virtual asset financial innovation"

Scam essence: illegal pyramid schemes (such as various "digital Coin" investment project)

AT * Kagari Small Finance

Ⅶ Is the blockchain a scam?

The blockchain is a scam . I hope everyone will not rush to invest in those Ponzi schemes in a hurry, and don’t have imaginary ideas in your mind, because overnightThe time window for getting rich has long been closed. The common people who come in now are in misery and will be cut off. Everyone must respond to the government's call and not be defrauded of illegal fund-raising and get rich.

VIII Is blockchain investment true or false?

Legal objectivity:

Article 123 of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, civil subjects enjoy intellectual property rights in accordance with the law. Intellectual property rights are the exclusive rights enjoyed by obligees in accordance with the law with respect to the following objects: (1) works; (2) inventions, utility models, and designs; (3) trademarks; (4) geographical indications; (5) trade secrets; 6) Integrated circuit layout design; (7) New plant varieties; (8) Other objects specified by law.

Legal subjectivity:

Blockchain technology itself is not a scam, but it does not rule out that some people use blockchain as a cover to commit scams. Several problems exist in blockchain: 1. The problem of excessive blockchain size. With the development of blockchain, the volume of blockchain data stored by nodes will become larger and larger, and the storage and computing burden will become increasingly large. The heavier. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the size of its complete data currently reaches about 71GB. If a user uses the Bitcoin Core client to synchronize data, it may not be possible to complete the synchronization for three days and three nights. Moreover, the data of the blockchain The volume is still increasing, which brings a great threshold to the operation of the Bitcoin Core client. 2. The problem of blockchain data confirmation time. The current blockchain system, especially the financial blockchain system, has the problem of long data confirmation time. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the current confirmation time of a Bitcoin transaction takes about 10 minutes. In the case of 6 confirmations, you need to wait for about 1 hour. Of course, for credit card transactions, the confirmation time is 2 to 3 days. Bitcoin has made great progress, but it is still far from the ideal state. 3. Dealing with the problem of transaction frequency The blockchain system faces the problem of too low transaction frequency. Taking the Bitcoin blockchain as an example, the average size of each transaction is about 250 bytes. If the block size is limited to 1MB, the number of transactions that can be accommodated is 4,000. Calculated at the rate of one block every 10 minutes, 144 blocks can be generated every day. Yunzhou can accommodate 576,000 transactions. Divided by the number of seconds per day, 86,400, the Bitcoin blockchain can process up to 6.67 transactions per second. trade. Currently, the actual daily transaction volume on the Bitcoin blockchain is close to the system bottleneck (picture). If the expansion problem is not resolved, it may cause congestion and delays in a large number of transactions. Average number of transactions in Bitcoin blocks (Source: Block Yuan) In comparison, Paypal's overall number of transactions in the third quarter of 2013 was 729 million, with an average of 93.75 transactions per second. Information from the official website of VISA, the world's largest payment card, shows that VisaNet achieved a processing capacity of 47,000 transactions per second in a 2013 test. Compared with several major payment networks such as Alipay, the Bitcoin blockchain is more like a newborn baby in terms of transaction processing frequency. Of course, this was also an early deliberate design by Satoshi Nakamoto.The Bitcoin block size is limited to 1MB to avoid the malicious behavior of rogue miners and adverse effects on people. The reason why the Bitcoin blockchain payment network has grown to be worth billions of dollars today is lies in its decentralization. 4. The development of blockchain is restricted by the current system. On the one hand, the decentralized and autonomous characteristics of blockchain dilute the concept of national supervision and have an impact on the current system. For example, digital currencies represented by Bitcoin not only pose a challenge to the country's right to issue currency, but also affect the transmission effect of monetary policy, weakening the central bank's ability to regulate the economy, causing monetary authorities to remain cautious about the development of digital currencies. On the other hand, regulatory authorities also lack full understanding and expectations of this new technology, and the establishment of laws and systems may lag behind, resulting in a lack of necessary institutional norms and legal protection for economic activities related to the use of blockchain, which inadvertently increases reduce the risks of market entities. 5. The integration cost of blockchain technology and existing systems is relatively high. For any innovation, existing institutions must ensure that it can not only create economic benefits, but also comply with regulatory requirements and connect with traditional infrastructure. Especially when deploying a new basic system, the cost of time, manpower, and material resources is very large, and the resistance encountered within existing traditional organizations is also not small. Of course, the existence of problems cannot hinder the development of blockchain. The proposal and in-depth research of technologies such as simple payment verification, side chain, and lightning network protocols have provided ideas for solving the above problems.

Ⅸ Is blockchain a pyramid scheme?

Blockchain is just an underlying Internet technology and has nothing to do with pyramid schemes. Because many people don’t understand it, many people make a distinction. Blockchain slogans for illegal fund-raising