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❶ Is blockchain a lie?

"Blockchain" is an important concept in the new era. It is essentially a centralized database and also Underlying technologies such as digital currency. According to our popular explanation, the "blockchain" can be regarded as a ledger, and each bill is a block. However, this ledger is centralized, and it can be said that no company or team has jurisdiction over it. "Blockchain" technology is a unique informatization that is centralized and cannot cross-change information. Now in daily life, this technology has been applied to a series of applications such as electronic invoices and payment codes.
In today's life, many people use this guise to commit fraud. Direct sales disks, capital disks, technology disks and other names are used to lure people to make money and then run away. As a result, many people have lost their funds and have nowhere to defend their rights. In the end, I can only say that "blockchain" is a lie. There is no right or wrong in technology, it’s the people who are wrong.
With the progress of the times and the progress of society, the initial application of any technology will be subject to various positive and negative doubts. However, with the relative application and maturity of technology, coupled with the improvement of technology, various aspects around people have formed. This application will continue to improve, and I believe that these doubts will slowly dissipate in the near future.
The following is a summary of some blockchain scams that are often around you!
Trap 1: Blockchain is about issuing coins to make money
Trap 2: Conducting virtual currency transactions, promising low investment and high returns
Trap 3: Decentralization can solve all problems
Trap 4: With the extension of the blockchain, you can make money with a mining machine
Trap 5: Transactions on WeChat and Alipay to buy and sell virtual currencies
In short, the methods of scammers are also advancing with the times. Through our "eyes of wisdom", we can improve and enhance our adaptability, discover and alert ourselves, and prevent being deceived. Investors must be wary of various deceptive methods that offer low investment and high returns.

❷ Is the total number of Bitcoins 21 million? Why?

The total number of Bitcoins is limited, 21 million, but smart humans have invented a method, which is to divide , divide one piece into small portions. We know that one yuan of RMB is composed of ten dimes, one hundred cents, and one thousand cents...and any of them, whether it is a cent, a dime, or a circle, can be divided again infinitely. The limited total amount of Bitcoin can also be divided infinitely in this way, endlessly, just like you use a kitchen knife to cut sausages, and you will not cut into the smallest unit until the day you die. Therefore, the limited amount of Bitcoin is actually an infinite and huge black hole, which can accommodate the entire universe if it is thrown into it. So my point is, Bitcoin equals a black hole.

Talk in the vernacular and get useful information!

Bitcoin is a genius idea, a distributed accounting system.

Solve a math problem, do an accounting, and calculate the sum of a geometric sequence.

Bitcoin valueSource, security, consensus, assets, technology

Keywords: accounting, equation, convergence, consensus, technology

First, Bitcoin white paper, genius idea.

11 years ago, a person with the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper called the Bitcoin White Paper, which detailed a genius idea. I often say that it is human thought that leads the world. .

Things that people thought were illusory and nonsense in the past often turned out to be very far-sighted later. That's what happens with Bitcoin.

In the past, our accounting was often centralized, and there was always one person who was in charge of you. There is a finance department in the company and an accountant. Every account you transfer must be recorded by the accountant.

There is always a bookkeeping center in the bank. There is a system. How many accounts are transferred every day, and finally they have to reconcile the accounts and find a solution.

Let me give you an example. The earliest trust was born during the Crusades. At that time, many people were going out to fight. They went out with their lives, not knowing whether they would come back alive, so they put their The property is left to a group of people to take care of. This group of people will manage your property for you, and when there is profit, they will take a small share of it.

It’s like saying you have 100 sheep in your family. You want to leave, but your son is still here, and you can’t herd the sheep anymore. So you give these sheep to some professional shepherds. When the sheep give birth to lambs, they You can also get a share from it.

But there is a problem here. Who will supervise this matter? How do you know that he is letting you take care of your sheep with peace of mind? Or if he gives you your sheep, what will you do?

This requires a set of accounting rules, that is, our entire audit system now uses a set of debit and credit methods. Double-entry accounting is used to ensure that he does not have too many mini-obsession. Of course, financial accounting can also be falsified. This is equivalent to 100 sheep. He can narrow down a little, 5 sheep, but don't 95 sheep, it won't be very interesting.

However, there are always problems with this kind of centralized accounting. He knows that you don’t know, and there is information asymmetry. Some people have all the information, but not everyone has the information, which is very troublesome.

Satoshi Nakamoto envisioned a distributed accounting. Everyone can keep accounts. Everyone keeps accounts in a network and uses modern information technology to keep accounts. Very good solution to this problem.

Once the account is recorded, I will announce it to the entire network. Everyone knows, and everyone has confirmed my information, a new person will keep the account, and then publish the full account. Chain after chain, this is the so-called blockchain.

This idea is a good way to solve the problem of someone losing your sheep, because everyone knows it. It also prevents someone from cheating. Once you cheat, the person who keeps accounts next time will not be able to keep up with this time. And you did this in broad daylightIf it is below, everyone will think that you made a mistake or deliberately falsified it, and you will lose your credit, and you will not be qualified to keep accounts next time. That's probably the idea.

Of course, this involves cryptography, consensus mechanism, Poisson distribution, etc. Many people criticize where the value of Bitcoin comes from? Bitcoin does not have government endorsement. I still say the same thing. If you believe in advanced mathematics, you believe in Newton, and you believe in Einstein, it is not because they have government endorsement. But because of their superb skills. The real source of Bitcoin’s value is actually technology.

Second, what is Bitcoin? Just keep an account and do a math problem. The sum of geometric series

So what exactly is Bitcoin? Why can its total number be framed at 21 million, and why can it be calculated?

Let me briefly introduce that Bitcoin is a reward mechanism. It roughly means that when you are qualified to keep accounts, you should write down the accounts. After writing them down, package your accounts and remember them correctly, so you can get a reward.

The rules of Bitcoin are like this. When a person has the right to record all transaction accounts that occur within these ten minutes, for example, Zhang San gave Li 40 Bitcoins, and Li Zi gave Wang 50. Bitcoin, then you record them all. Then package it. You will be able to get Bitcoin rewards, for example, 40 for 20.

So who is qualified to record? This requires a screening method, which is computing power. What's the meaning? If you want to be qualified for accounting, you must first calculate a mathematical equation and solve a mathematical problem. This equation is called the hash equation. To simply understand, this equation can be calculated forward, but cannot be calculated inversely. You know that x can be used to calculate y, but you know that y cannot be used to calculate x.

What to do? Then you only have to bring in the numbers one by one and try them out. If you try them correctly, you will figure it out. The way of doing this is to keep repeating the operation, just like digging with a shovel and a shovel. This is mining. It means that it is a metaphor. It means that you try numbers one by one, but it does not mean that you really dig there.

At the same time, the rules of Bitcoin stipulate that the Bitcoin reward received by everyone for accounting is halved every four years. In other words, you can get ten for the first time, but after four years you can only get five, and after four years you can only get 2.5.

Over time, if you count this total, the total number of Bitcoins will become the sum of a convergent geometric sequence. That means you can calculate its total through a mathematical formula. If you follow the established rules, the total number is 21 million. Of course, it can be further subdivided to the decimal point, which seems to be eight digits. This limits his total number.

Third, the source of value of Bitcoin.

Finally, let’s talk about the source of Bitcoin’s value. I have said before that the real value of Bitcoin comes from technology, mathematics, cryptography, genius ideas, and its security.

Let’s talk about security first. I have introduced the operating mechanism of Bitcoin before. When you keep accounts, you need to announce it to the entire network. Then once everyone on the entire network receives your information, it is equivalent to You were running around naked in front of everyone, and everyone could clearly see what was on you. If you wanted to do something bad, it would be almost impossible.

At the same time, Bitcoin has been attacked many times, but it has still not been defeated. It is still very safe and its data cannot be tampered with. If he is proven safe time and time again, he will gain more and more credibility.

So why is Bitcoin becoming more and more valuable? Was it no longer valuable before? Can its price increase by more than 10 million times or 20 million times? The reason is that more and more people believe in him, more and more people like him, and more and more people recognize him. If everyone recognizes Bitcoin, everyone believes that Bitcoin is important, Bitcoin is reasonable, and Bitcoin is safe, then this consensus will become a belief. When something becomes a belief, its value is self-evident.

Finally, Bitcoin has the characteristics of an asset, and strictly speaking it should be counted as an intangible asset. The characteristic of this intangible asset is that it basically does not depreciate. If you think about it, it is originally an illusory thing, a virtual thing. It is exactly the same if it is left for one year or ten years. It only exists in people's minds.

I have introduced the characteristics of assets many times before. Assets can be stored for a long time. They are durable goods, so people buy them to earn higher returns. Buying them tomorrow is better than buying them today. It’s more expensive. It’s more expensive to buy it the day after tomorrow than it is tomorrow. It’s getting higher and higher. That’s how assets are. The more expensive they are, the more they want to buy them. As long as it continues to rise and people form common expectations, it is valuable.

Conclusion. Starting from the Bitcoin white paper, a person with the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto had a genius idea to change centralized accounting to distributed accounting. This accounting method is not easy to be tampered with or falsified. It's a genius idea.

The rules of Bitcoin stipulate that everyone reaches a consensus, calculates a hash equation within a period of time, and obtains the right to package and bookkeeping. At the same time, the accounts within ten minutes are announced to the entire network. As time goes by, the Bitcoin reward is continuously halved. The total number of Bitcoins becomes the sum of a geometric sequence. As it continues to converge, the total number is certain.

The source of Bitcoin’s value is actually technology, actually security, actually the consensus mechanism, and actually the characteristics of the asset. Many valuable things in history are actually illusory. What really affects the progress of mankind is actually human thoughts.

The total number of Bitcoins is 21 million. Yes, this is limited at the beginning of writing the source code. You can refer to the Bitcoin white paper, which clearly states that this 1 bit Coins are obtained through mining, but it should be emphasized that the total number of Bitcoins is 21 million, but this 1 Bitcoin can be subdivided.

In other words, 1 Bitcoin can be subdivided into very small pieces. How small?

The smallest unit of Bitcoin is now 1 Satoshi, and 1 Bitcoin is equal to 100 million Satoshi.

As for where this Cong came from? It is named after the inventor of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto.

So if you look at the number, the number of Bitcoins that can be obtained through mining is 21 million. That's right!

But if you trade to get Bitcoin to break it down. . . That can be broken down to the point where 1 Bitcoin can be divided into 100 million satoshis! !

The entire operating mechanism of Bitcoin is imitated by physical gold, which is why many people call Bitcoin digital gold. And we know that gold, as an element on the earth, is itself scarce. This has also led to the fact that precious metals such as gold have played the role of currency in the long history of mankind. They are naturally gold and silver. Therefore, the initial number of Bitcoins is also limited, with a total of 21 million.

On October 31, 2008, a person named Satoshi Nakamoto proposed a 9-page idea of ​​a decentralized peer-to-peer transaction method on the Internet. This Conceived what would become known as the Bitcoin white paper. There are clear regulations in the Bitcoin white paper that the upper limit of Bitcoin is 21 million, and it can never be tampered with. This is a cornerstone that supports the current Bitcoin price.

So we can see that the number of Bitcoins is not infinite. The total number has a constant amount of 21 million. The number of Bitcoins currently in circulation has exceeded There are 18 million Bitcoins, but the time when the last Bitcoin will be released will be after 2100, which is also determined by its algorithm mechanism. The number of Bitcoins you understand is infinite and should be its minimum value, but the total number of Bitcoins currently in circulation includes 18 million Bitcoins, including nearly 4 million Bitcoins that have been lost and have been silent in the long history of history. currency.

So if you have time, take a closer look at the white paper published by Satoshi Nakamoto in October 2008. What this 9-page paper brings us is not just bits. Bitcoin also has the ultimate blockchain technology, which is a great gift that Bitcoin brings to the world.

First of all, the total number of Bitcoins is 21 million. This is determined by the generation mechanism of Bitcoin. If not the total number of Bitcoins,The supply is limited, and Bitcoin has long since died.

Some comrades always use the theory that "Bitcoin can be split infinitely" to talk about things. This is a typical failure to understand Bitcoin.

Just like a bottle of mineral water labeled 600ml, you can drink a drop of it in 0.0001ml, drink it thousands of times, or drink it all in one go.

Could it be that because you drank this bottle of water tens of thousands of times, the fact that it has a total volume of 600ml will change? Don’t you understand such a simple truth?

As for the total amount of Bitcoin, in fact, to be precise, the total amount of Bitcoin is 20,999,997,690, which is slightly less than 21 million.

Bitcoin generation plan:

Calculation method of Bitcoin mining

Bitcoin generates one block in 10 minutes, which will be 6 blocks per hour The speed is multiplied by 24 hours (each day), 365 days (one year), and finally 4 years (one cycle). As a result, a total of 210,000 blocks are generated in one cycle. The rewards for all blocks gradually decrease from 50 to 25 and then to 12.5, so there are 50+25+12.5+6.25+3.125. . . =100 rewards, multiplying the two numbers yields 21 million Bitcoins.

In other words, Bitcoin will be completely mined by 2140.

Why is the total amount of Bitcoin only 21 million? Can't there be more?

Let’s talk about why the total number of Bitcoins is 21 million. First of all, the total amount of Bitcoin is designed by Nakamoto. So far, he hasn't made it clear why. So there is a lot of speculation from the outside world. Now I will list to you the following 8 guesses.

One

Guess one: Because 21 is half of the final answer of 42.

Explanation: The answer is a joke. This clue comes from the bridge to the final answer in the movie "Guide to the Galaxy": The final answer to the universe is 42.

Two

Guess two: Because we live in the 21st century.

Commentary: This is a bit far-fetched.

Three

Conjecture 3: The principle set by Nakamoto is to produce a block every 10 minutes and reward 50 coins, which will be halved in 4 years. The result is very natural.

Explanation: Nakamoto did not interfere with human intervention, but accepted the natural results.

Four

Conjecture 4: All the gold in the world is melted together. This is a cube with a side length of about 21 meters.

Note: Nakamoto used this concept to describe Bitcoin as a kind of virtual gold.

Why is the total amount of Bitcoin only 21 million? Can't there be more?

Five

Guess five:Outsiders think Nakamoto likes to play blackjack.

Explanation: I have no explanation for this answer.

Six

Guess 6: There are 32-bit integers that can store 2^31-1, which is 2147483647. If you take the first 8 digits, it is 21474836.47 Bitcoins. That's 21 million.

Note: I guess Satoshi used 32-bit precision integers in the initial development. Later, he found that the precision was not enough for a global currency, so he expanded the two decimal places to 8 digits and changed the 32-bit storage to 64-bit storage.

Seven

Guess 7: Bitcoin is used to compare the global economic aggregate. According to the current global economic level, the global economic aggregate is estimated to be an upper limit of 21 million.

Note: I think this guess is more scientific.

Eight

Conjecture eight: According to the analysis of Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Ethereum, this value may be related to the integer data range supported by the computer programming language and to special currencies. In comparison, it also facilitates maintenance by subsequent developers.

Note: Bitcoin uses the C++ programming language.

Summary and analysis

The above eight answers are all guesses from outsiders. Because Nakamoto never explained it, we don't have a definite answer. Personally, I agree with V God. So what is the answer in your mind?

The total amount is approximately 21 million, which will be halved every four years. It will be completely mined by about 2140. After that, mining will no longer produce BTC, and the source of income for miners is transfer fees.

These logics are hard-coded in the code.

This is a good question. This question actually asks about the origin of digital currency.

Sovereign governments have the right to issue currency, and central banks of various countries will continue to issue currency. For example, my country issues RMB and the United States issues US dollars. Because there are no restrictions on the issuance of currency by sovereign governments, massive amounts of currency cause inflation, and the money in the hands of residents continues to depreciate.

For example, when I was a kid, steamed buns were four for one yuan, but now they are one yuan each, and in some places they are 2 yuan each. There are numerous examples of rising prices.

Under this situation, the wealth that residents have worked so hard to save is forever shrinking, and people must always be busy. If you accumulate wealth at the age of 30, it will be enough for you to live comfortably for the rest of your life. However, if you cannot maintain the appreciation of wealth, you will find that there will be almost no food left when you are 60 years old, and the same amount of money can no longer buy anything.

To combat this currency devaluation, smart creators created digital currencies that had to be limited in quantity. Bitcoin is the pioneer. There are only 21 million coins and they are not managed by any government.

Digital currency was created for this reason. As forHow to ensure that the total number of Bitcoins is only 21 million is another question. If you are interested, you can discuss it further.

The development of digital currency is in the ascendant, which reflects the residents' cherishment of their hard-earned wealth. Sovereign governments can "plunder" wealth invisible, promoting the development of new things in digital currency.

People who argue that Bitcoin is infinitely divisible do not understand Bitcoin at all. I don’t recommend you buy Bitcoin, but this truth must be made clear. “Infinitely divisible” and “infinite total amount” are two different things.

Let’s talk about the total amount first, and then why infinite divisibility does not mean the total amount is infinite. The total number of Bitcoins is indeed 21 million. You can understand the number of Bitcoins as a super difficult equation. There are 21 million solutions in total. This is a provable mathematical theorem, so the total amount is certain. Owning a Bitcoin is equivalent to owning a solution. The ownership of this solution is calculated every time After the result is obtained, it is recorded on the Bitcoin chain and cannot be tampered with. Moreover, more Bitcoins cannot be issued.

Then many people say that Bitcoin is not 21 million, because Bitcoin is infinitely divisible, you can have 0.1 Bitcoin, 0.01 Bitcoin, 0.001 Bitcoin, so Bitcoin is unlimited.

It is correct to say that Bitcoin is infinitely divisible, but it is nonsense to say that the total amount of Bitcoin is infinite.

When the total amount is certain, no matter how you continue to divide it, you still have as much as you originally had. If you originally had 10 Bitcoins, then no matter how you continue to divide the remaining 20 million, You will always own 10/21000000 Bitcoins. Just because someone divides his 1 Bitcoin into 100 shares, he will not own more Bitcoins than you. Similarly, just because you divide these 10 Bitcoins into 1000 points, you will not have more than 10/21000000 Bitcoins.

But traditional currency is different. Suppose the total amount of currency circulating in the market is 10 million, and you own 100,000, then you own 1/100 of the amount of currency.

Assume that your 100,000 does not move, and then the country issues another 10 million in currency, then the amount of currency you have becomes 1/200.

Then when you do nothing, your currency depreciates.

One of the reasons why Bitcoin is touted is that there is no such central bank that can issue currency at will, causing the currency in hand to depreciate.

Of course, the country does not issue coins at will, but compared with having a constant total amount of Bitcoin, the central bank's flexibility in this regard is too great.

In addition, infinite divisibility is just a mathematical game at best. In theory, any currency is infinitely divisible, as long as the country is willing to issueOK, 0.001 yuan, 0.0001, 0.00000000001 yuan..., then any currency is infinitely divisible, but Bitcoin is implemented through program code, which is easier to implement.

Do you understand the scam? It’s the same as when the U.S. dollar was called the U.S. dollar. When the value rises, you can cut off the leeks of the world. Our country is still powerful. Bitcoin transactions in China have been banned since then.

❸ What are the existing problems with blockchain technology

1. Performance issues

Volume issues

Blockchain’s impact on data Backup requirements pose storage space challenges. Blockchain requires that after a transaction is completed, it is broadcast to the entire network, and every node in the system must back up data.

Take Bitcoin as an example. The block data since the creation block has exceeded 60GB, and the amount of blockchain data is still increasing. This will bring problems to the operation of the Bitcoin Core client. A big challenge.

Processing speed issues

The Bitcoin blockchain currently processes a maximum of 6.67 transactions per second, and a confirmation time is about 10 minutes, which can easily cause congestion delays for a large number of transactions, which may Applications with small multiple transactions and highly time-sensitive transactions will be restricted.

Although there are some methods to overcome it, methods to comprehensively solve transaction efficiency still need to be discovered.

Energy consumption is too high

Thirdly, the computing power in the mining process does not produce additional actual social value, and also wastes a large amount of electronic resources. With the increasing popularity of currency, blockchain has gradually become a capital-intensive industry with high energy consumption.

2. Centralization problem

Inequality of nodes

First, in theory, every node in the distributed network should be treated equally , but in order to obtain rewards for mining, each node may increase its computing power to compete for hardware, resulting in node inequality and destroying the randomness of blockchain accounting rights.

Industrialized and large-scale mining has given rise to mining pools

Theoretically, if the mining pools collude to control more than 51% of the computing power for system supply, a dual Although the costs of payment far exceed the benefits in the actual process, the possibility of collusive supply cannot be denied.

3. Privacy and security issues

Private keys are easily stolen

First, the current blockchain uses an asymmetric key mechanism. It has high security, but the private key is stored locally and can be easily stolen by hackers.

The transparency of blockchain data can easily lead to privacy leaks

Every participant in the public chain can obtain complete data backupThe entire system is open and transparent, and Bitcoin protects privacy by isolating the connection between the transaction address and the holder’s true identity.

When the blockchain needs to carry more businesses, how nodes verify information and execute commands requires more consideration.

4. Upgrade and incentive issues

The number of participating nodes in the public chain is huge

Whether it is upgrading or fixing errors, the system cannot be shut down and centralized. , it may be necessary to consider relaxing the issue of decentralization.

There is a competitive game between each node

Requires the improvement of incentive compatibility mechanism, how to enable self-interested nodes in the decentralized system to spontaneously carry out block data verification And accounting work, and designing a reasonable penalty function to suppress irrational competition is another challenge faced by the blockchain.

❹ Bitcoin wallet needs to synchronize block data. Is the amount of data very large?

If you want to contribute to the Bitcoin network, then run a program to synchronize block data. The full node is a good choice; if you just want to use Bitcoin, you don’t need a full node wallet at all. You only need to install a new wallet. The better one in China is the currency wallet.

❺ What to do if the blockchain information is getting larger and larger

Over the past few years, with the vigorous development of Bitcoin, the number of Bitcoin transactions has increased, and the size of a single block has There is a maximum limit of 1MB, so the free space in the block becomes smaller and smaller. As shown in the figure, the median block size doubled in 2015, growing rapidly from 292KB in January to 749KB in December.

Bitcoin block size

The issue of expansion received full attention and discussion in 2015. Around June 2015, many expansion plans were launched one after another, represented by BIP100, BIP101, BIP102, BIP109, BIP248 and other plans (Table X).

Although various plans have been proposed, they can basically be divided into two categories: the long-term rule-based faction and the short-term shelving faction. The long-term allocation is ideal and rule-based. It is finalized in one go and no more fussing. The typical representative is BIP101/103, which sets a growth rule and no longer adjusts. The short-term group believes that the future is unpredictable and fixed rules are too simple and violent to solve problems. They hope to set up a short-term and multi-year plan to avoid it for the time being and put it on hold until the future. The representative is BIP100. However, due to the complexity of the voting process, it was later simplified to BIP102/ 109 and so on, while BIP248 has been postponed to 2020, and has simply doubled in recent years.

Since June 2015, after more than half a year of extensive and repeated discussions, the long-term rule-based faction has basically been completely defeated. After Pieter Wuille proposed Segregated Witness at the Bitcoin Hong Kong Expansion Conference in December 2015, the expansionThe content issue has even been reduced to just upgrading to 2MB, but it has been mired in debate about the timing of implementation.

A seemingly simple expansion technical issue has caused the Bitcoin community to spend more than half a year, hold several global technical conferences, and engage in countless private wars of words, but there is still no clear conclusion. The profound reason behind this is that raising the block limit value cannot truly solve the Bitcoin expansion problem. Scaling issue

In general, based on the understanding of the Bitcoin network, there are two divisions: clearing system and cash system.

Clearing system

The Bitcoin blockchain is a global, distributed, limited-capacity, expensive system. The value content of each transaction is different. When the block capacity is not enough, we should ensure that high-value transactions enter the block. High-value transactions have the willingness and ability to pay high enough network fees to obtain blocks with high enough priority.

As Bitcoin prospers, the number of transactions will become larger and larger. The limited block capacity will prevent low-value transactions (such as sending 1 cent) from entering the block because low-value transactions cannot be included in the block. May pay high network fees. Then the network degenerated into a clearing system, low-value transactions were driven out, and these transactions were replaced by third-party accounting systems.

Before the emergence of the Lightning Network, third-party accounting systems were mainly off-chain wallet providers. Users trust a third-party wallet platform and deposit Bitcoins into it. Transfers between users on the same platform only bring about changes in account balances and do not generate Bitcoin transactions.

Cash system

The cash system means that all transactions should enter the block. When the block capacity is not enough, the block size limit should be increased in time to expand the system. Transaction blocking may occur in the short term, but in the long run all transactions should be able to be added to the block. Everyone enjoys the tremendous convenience and advantages brought by the Bitcoin system.

❻ Understand the relationship between blockchain and big data, cloud computing, and Bitcoin

Blockchain is an untamperable, full-history With the database storage technology, the huge block data collection contains the entire history of each transaction. With the rapid development of blockchain application, the data scale will become larger and larger. Different business scenarios will make the data integration of blockchain The data scale and richness are further expanded. However, what the blockchain provides is the integrity of the ledger, and the ability of data statistical analysis is relatively weak. Big data has massive data storage technology and flexible and efficient analysis technology, which will greatly enhance the value and use space of blockchain data.
Digital currency is a form of expression represented by blockchain 1.0, mainly Bitcoin; as a virtual currency system, the total amount of Bitcoin is limited by the network consensus agreement, and no individual or institution can Changes and modifications in supply and transaction records. Therefore, after the Bitcoin network has been successfully running for many years, the blockchain, as the underlying technology that supports the operation of Bitcoin, is essentially an extremely clever distributed shared ledger and peer-to-peer value transmission.Lose technology. It will have a very large potential impact on finance and even all walks of life.
Blockchain and cloud computing, the research, development, and testing of blockchain technology involve multiple systems. Time and capital costs will hinder the breakthrough of blockchain technology. Software development based on blockchain technology, It is still a high-barrier job. Cloud computing services have the characteristics of elastic resource scalability, rapid adjustment, low cost and high reliability, which can help small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and deploy blockchain quickly and at low cost. The integration of the two technologies will accelerate the development of blockchain technology. The blockchain technology is mature and promotes the rapid expansion of blockchain into the financial industry.

❼ Why is the upper limit of Bitcoin blocks 1M?

Credit problems in the central system, huge redundant ledgers and maintenance costs. Currency issuance problems. The earliest currency was precious metals-gold and silver. It was inconvenient to use, and later symbolic currency was invented to describe gold and silver (how much gold and silver are printed as banknotes). Later, the financial crisis caused people to completely symbolize and credit the currency, and also drew a line with gold and silver, and only used credit currency to participate in transactions. Nowadays, credit currency has become electronic (I say this because it is essentially a continuation of paper currency and cannot be called digital currency), and computers complete huge daily transaction data. Some GEEKs believe that, The right to issue currency is concentrated in the center (GOV), so if GOV wants to issue more, it can issue more. To put it simply, if it wants everyone to pay taxes, everyone has to pay taxes. I don’t need to tell you. Therefore, currencies backed by government credit may also go bankrupt (refer to the currency during the Republic of China. To put it bluntly, the reliability of social elites and powerful people can only guarantee the rights of ordinary people if they actively satisfy their priorities in peacetime). So in this case, to protect basic economic activities, people have two options: roll back to the previous transaction methods such as gold and silver or barter, and choose a decentralized currency system, which Bitcoin provides. Second option. Blockchain not only solves the above problems at once, but can also use blockchain technology to replace existing technical solutions in the banking industry and reduce costs. Reducing costs is not the most important thing. The main thing is to solve the problem of currency issuance. If I write it in too much detail, I don’t know if I will check the water meter, so I won’t write it down. Sorry. . .

❽ What channels can be used to query Bitcoin’s on-chain data?

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a disintermediated database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity (anti-counterfeiting) and generation of its information. Next block.

The data on the Bitcoin blockchain is what we call on-chain data, which generally includes: Bitcoin active addresses, new addresses, and continuous active addresses. , reactivation address, on-chain transaction volume, number of on-chain transactions, TSP, on-chain transaction transfer fees, large transfers, mining difficulty and other data.

We generally query the on-chain data of certain blockchains through blockchain browsers. The more commonly used blockchain browsers for Bitcoin are ：

https://www.blockchain.com/explorerhttps://blockexplorer.com/https://insight.bitpay.com/https://btc.com/

More blockchain projects, blockchain investments, blockchain applications, blockchain celebrity related information, all at Lian Xiaohu: https://www .lianxiaohu.com/

❾ How much resources does a Bitcoin wallet occupy on a computer?

The current data capacity of the Bitcoin blockchain is constantly growing and is now about 10G. When many friends installed the system, the C drive was not set very large. Are you worried that the C drive will explode one day? Learn how to do data migration with me now. (You need to close the Bitcoin client first)

1. Find the bitcoin data folder;

XP---C:\Documents and Settings\username\Application Data\Bitcoin

vista,win7---C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin
(Note: AppData is hidden, set to show hidden files.)

2. Cut this Bitcoin folder to another drive with larger space, such as e drive;

3. Edit the Bitcoin shortcut on the desktop and copy the following line to "Target " column, save:

"C:\Program Files\Bitcoin\bitcoin-qt.exe" -datadir=e:\Bitcoin

Now, double-click the desktop The Bitcoin shortcut on the client will start, and your C drive will be saved and the space will be successfully released.

❿ What is the total amount of Bitcoin?

The total amount of Bitcoin is 21 million.

In 2009, when Bitcoin was born, the block reward was 50 Bitcoins. 10 minutes after birth, the first batch of 50 Bitcoins were bornOK, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Subsequently, Bitcoin increased at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward is halved to 25.

When the total amount reaches 15.75 million (new output is 5.25 million, which is 50% of 1050), the block reward is further halved to 12.5. The currency system had no more than 10.5 million coins in 4 years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million coins.

(10) Extended reading on the amount of data in the Bitcoin blockchain

Currency characteristics

1. Decentralization: Bitcoin It is the first distributed virtual currency. The entire network is composed of users and there is no central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of Bitcoin’s security and freedom.

2. Circulation around the world: Bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. Anyone can mine, buy, sell or receive Bitcoin regardless of location.

3. Exclusive ownership: Controlling Bitcoin requires a private key, which can be isolated and stored in any storage medium. No one can obtain it except the user himself.

4. Low transaction fees: You can remit Bitcoin for free, but in the end a transaction fee of about 1 bit will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution.

5. No hidden costs: As a means of payment from A to B, Bitcoin has no cumbersome limits and procedures. You can make the payment by knowing the other party's Bitcoin address.

6. Cross-platform mining: Users can explore the computing capabilities of different hardware on many platforms.