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❶ Has Bank of Communications issued a total of 20 blockchain-based domestic letters of credit?

On August 16, 2018, Shen Rujun, Executive Director and Vice President of Bank of Communications, was at the bank announced at the industry’s regular press conference. "As of July 26 this year, Bank of Communications has issued a total of 20 blockchain domestic letters of credit, with an amount of 156 million yuan."

It is understood that for a long time, domestic letters of credit have Transactions must go through multiple banks and express service providers such as the issuing bank, advising bank, presenting bank, and negotiating bank. Each institution completes records in its own accounting system. Information between institutions is isolated and opaque. There are many problems such as difficulty in verifying authenticity in document processing, low processing efficiency, easy delay, and easy loss.

In April 2018, the Bank of Communications’ blockchain domestic letter of credit project was put into production. As of July 26 this year, Bank of Communications has issued a total of 20 domestic blockchain certificates, with an amount of 156 million yuan.

Shen Rujun said that the Bank of Communications continues to pay attention to blockchain technology, and has analyzed and determined that domestic letters of credit, bills and supply chain finance business will bear the brunt of the breakthrough in the application of blockchain technology in the field of banking and finance.

In addition to letters of credit, on June 27, the industry’s first blockchain asset securitization platform “Jucai Chain” was officially launched at Bank of Communications. The basic asset information of the first housing mortgage loan securitization financing product was uploaded to the chain by Bank of Communications, achieving credit penetration into the securitization financing business system.

❷ Whose BaaS platform currently serves the largest number of financial institutions in China?

It is Feiluo BaaS, a blockchain-as-a-service platform independently developed by Qulian Technology. According to their official website, the platform has provided head office-level blockchain infrastructure services to more than ten banks including Bank of China, China Construction Bank, China Everbright Bank, and Industrial Bank, and has implemented nearly a hundred blockchain applications with average daily transaction volume. Millions of times.

❸ Who are the leading blockchain listed companies?

As of August 11, 2021, there are a total of 251 blockchain concept stocks listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.

Let me introduce to you the industry leaders:

Yongfu Shares (300712): The company’s business now covers big data, industrial Internet, blockchain, Internet of Things, etc. related to the construction of Digital China field. Guohua Network Security (000004): The company has been actively participating in the ecological construction of the Hongmeng system, and has completed the adaptation work of the Ark compiler and the Hongmeng system, including HAP adaptation work, to ensure the compatibility and interoperability of the products of both parties. Tianyin Holdings (000829): Domestically, the company won the bid for the Beijing Welfare Lottery sales terminal (special equipment) purchase project for the first time, successfully expanding the company's business territory and further improving its industry status; in terms of foreign business, the company signed a contract with the Jamaican National Lottery Operator We have signed a service contract to provide customers with a series of solutions such as software and hardware, and at the same time negotiate specific cooperation matters with partners in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Nigeria, the Philippines and other countries.

4.Visual China (000681): The company is the first platform-based cultural technology enterprise in China to apply Internet technology to copyrighted visual content services.

5. Ping An Bank (000001): With the strategic goal of building "China's most outstanding and world-leading intelligent retail bank", it continues to adhere to "technology leadership, retail breakthroughs, and corporate excellence" Based on the twelve-character strategic policy, we will comprehensively upgrade the new three-year strategic measures and promote business development to a new level.

6. Tongda Electric (603390): In December 2019, the company stated on the interactive platform that its wholly-owned subsidiary owns the software copyright of "Blockchain Multimedia Publishing Platform V1.0".

7. Ren Zixing (300311): Positioned to provide users with Internet space data governance, network and information security, data security and data value-added solutions and services, and assist governments and operators in network and communication digital resources To manage.

8. Tianzhou Culture (300148): The company invested in Tianhe Wenlian to actively deploy blockchain-related copyright certification, digital content storage and distribution, and cultural innovation applications to promote blockchain technology in culture and publishing. Integrated innovation and integrated applications in business fields such as education, games, etc., to help the development of the blockchain copyright industry.

9. Gaohong Shares (000851): The company is a member of the Blockchain Security Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The company's trusted software copyright protection system is based on trusted computing technology, confidential computing technology and operating system security reinforcement technology to comprehensively protect the security of target software; combined with the company's trusted servers and trusted terminals It forms an application all-in-one machine that can be applied to emerging technology application scenarios such as blockchain and AI.

10. Xichuang Yihui (300078): The company has applied blockchain technology in the field of independent third-party data encryption services to protect hospital data assets and patient privacy and solve data security issues in the medical industry. . The company will continue to explore the application of blockchain technology in the medical field.

11. Zhongqingbao (300052): The company builds the LeaderChain infrastructure cloud platform based on its independent research and development of LeaderChain blockchain technology, and leverages the parent company Zhongqingbao’s expertise in cloud computing, artificial intelligence, Years of accumulation and outstanding advantages in big data, Internet of Things, smart cities and other fields have formed a complete end-to-end blockchain solution through the "profit chain industry/government/city".

12. Dashi Intelligence (002421): The company signed a "Strategic Cooperation Agreement" with Beijing Taiyi Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. and plans to jointly build an open and win-win "Blockchain Intelligent IoT" ecological chain .

The above are my statistics of leading blockchain listed companies. I apologize for the inaccurate statistics. I hope to communicate with you more. Thank you for your attention!

❹ What is the status of Suning Bank, the first private bank in Jiangsu, on its first anniversary?

According to data disclosed by Suning Bank, in the past year, the asset size exceeded 22 billion yuan, and the loan and deposit balances exceeded 100 billion yuan respectively. billion,18 billion yuan, of which supply chain finance loans exceeded 5 billion yuan. Suning Bank is a private bank established on June 16, 2017. Since 2014, after the China Banking Regulatory Commission stated that it would no longer impose restrictions on the application of private banks, private banks have ushered in a wave of openings. Currently, a total of 17 private banks have been established.

Huang Jinlao said that Suning Bank’s competitive advantage lies in that on the one hand it has a good foundation - Jiangsu Province is a major economic province in China, with a GDP accounting for one-tenth of the country’s. Total deposits are 15 trillion. At the same time, in today's era of "scenario is king", relying on the upstream and downstream information advantages brought by shareholders such as Suning.com can help deepen the diversified financial needs of customers. Suning Bank is also involved in the currently popular blockchain technology - using it for domestic letter of credit business, becoming the third bank in the country to join the domestic letter of credit blockchain alliance after China CITIC Bank and China Minsheng Bank. .

Source: The Paper

❺ Which banks have implemented blockchain applications

Whenever decentralized applications were mentioned before, we I always think of foreign products, such as Ethereum, but when I talk about this topic today, I think more of China's own Asch, a new generation of decentralized application development based on side chain technology.

ASCH is a decentralized application development, and it is also the first decentralized application in China. Its purpose is to help developers quickly create decentralized applications. It is easy to use, flexible and safe.
In terms of model, it is similar to Ethereum, both are blockchain services, but the implementation mechanisms are quite different. Take Ethereum as an example. Its biggest feature is that it greatly expands the functions of the script engine, adding new instructions such as reading the blockchain, billing, and jumping, and also unblocks stack memory, function call depth, and scripts. Length restrictions, etc. However, a big disadvantage of this method is that the application code itself and the data generated by the application exist in the same blockchain, causing the rapid expansion of the blockchain.
But ASCH is different. Its scalability is not achieved through transaction scripts, but through side chains. There is a main chain and several side chains (mainly provided by developers) in the ASCH system, but each chain only supports a limited number of transaction types. The logic of transactions or contracts is written directly in the host language rather than by transaction scripts. .
The first advantage is that it reduces the difficulty of contract programming, the second is that it avoids blockchain expansion, and the third is that each application can customize personalized blockchain parameters.

ASCH does not directly copy Crypti (a decentralized app store built on the blockchain) or Lisk (it is a new generation that allows the development of JavaScript and decentralized applications based on distribution The program uses an easy-to-use, full-featured ecosystem.), but will refer to Crypti’s architecture and reuse some of its code., but not too much.
The differences are mainly in two aspects
A more secure consensus algorithm, Crypti uses Dpos, and we add the Pbft algorithm to it to enhance consistency and reduce the risk of double payment.
We wrote some key modules in C++ language, and the non-performance hot parts are still written in Nodejs.

❻ Which blockchain coins are used to connect banks in China

Ping An Bank of China stated that blockchain will be the focus of Ping An’s future expansion. Executive Vice President Chen Xinying revealed that Ping An already has a team Explore the application of blockchain technology in seven or eight scenarios. China Merchants Bank mainly applies blockchain technology to the direct clearing system, which is a system used internally by China Merchants Bank for cross-border clearing. The decentralized system allows clearing to be initiated between branches of China Merchants Bank, and the security is also improved. Be protected. Postal Savings Bank of China, in its asset custody business, uses blockchain technology to reduce transaction costs and reduce intermediate links. China Zheshang Bank has released the first blockchain-based mobile digital money order platform, which provides businesses and individuals with the functions of issuing, transferring, buying and selling, and cashing mobile digital money orders on mobile clients.

❼ What are the practical applications of blockchain in China

1. WeBank uses blockchain technology for loan settlement
WeBank and Shanghai Huarui Bank invest Trial operation of an inter-bank joint loan clearing platform based on alliance blockchain technology to optimize the settlement and clearing of the "Weilidai" joint loan between the two banks. With the introduction of this blockchain system, all information is recorded on the blockchain network and cannot be tampered with. It is liquidated simultaneously during the transaction process, achieving real-time liquidation and saving a lot of manpower and material resources. This is the practical application of "consortium chain".

2. China UnionPay uses blockchain technology to realize inter-bank point redemption
China UnionPay and IBM are trialling a shared points system using blockchain technology. The use of this blockchain system allows users to redeem reward points across banks and platforms. That is to say, users' points in one bank can be exchanged for points and rewards from other banks, or even multiple airline miles and supermarket rewards. The efficiency of using bank points has been greatly improved.
3. Toyota uses blockchain technology to track auto parts
Toyota joins the R3 Alliance and uses blockchain technology to store the production, processing and usage of each part in the blockchain. In this way, when there is a problem with a car part, the source of the part can be easily and quickly found.
4. Central Bank Blockchain Digital Bill Trading Platform
The blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the Central Bank was successfully tested. The introduction of digital currency for settlement can realize the simultaneous transfer of capital flow and information flow in digital bill transactions, thereby realizing DVP pay-versus-payment settlement. At the same time, the blockchain digital identity solution solves the problem of repeated KYC authentication for users between different financial institutions.
5. Ant Financial Blockchain Application
Ant Financial’s blockchain technology is testing the waters of insurance, helping Xinmei Life Mutual Insurance Co., Ltd. to launch the first charity rescue account in the domestic insurance industry. Blockchain technology makes every fund flow open and transparent, and the data of every fund flow is indispensable. Tampering, the whereabouts and use of every fund can be traced. Ant blockchain is used in food safety traceability and product authenticity traceability.

Author: Blockchain Development Company
Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/5ff8437bd58b
Source: Jianshu
Copyright belongs to the author . For commercial reprinting, please contact the author for authorization. For non-commercial reprinting, please indicate the source.

❽ A comprehensive review of supply chain finance of 13 banks: from the five major commercial banks to city commercial banks, continuous innovation

In the traditional In the business development model, banks' supply chain finance business is highly dependent on the credit of core enterprises and is mainly offline. It consumes manpower and energy, and the business also faces bottlenecks that are difficult to scale up.

During the "Steel Trade Crisis" in 2012, many steel industry suppliers used multiple mortgages and pledges of goods to conduct fraudulent financing, which led to a spike in the NPL ratio of the banks involved, and has since then affected the supply chain. Chain Finance is timid.

Nowadays, the external environment of the market has quietly changed. In recent years, banks have paid more and more attention to the power of financial technology. Many banks have established directly affiliated financial technology companies, with increasingly mature intelligent warehousing and monitoring, electronic contract signing, New technologies such as blockchain are also gradually being applied to supply chain financial services, and banks' past weaknesses in risk control are being increasingly eliminated.

Coupled with the country’s strong policy support for supply chain finance business and the huge market financing gap in accounts receivable of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises, it is imperative for banks to “return to the battlefield of supply chain finance”. The new business model supported by online Internet, blockchain and other technologies is becoming a breakthrough tool for supply chain financial business.

So what are the specific changes in the layout of supply chain finance among banks today? Based on the annual report data released by various banks in 2018, Zhixin has summarized the industry development profiles of 5 large commercial banks, 4 representative joint-stock banks, two city commercial banks, and e-commerce private banks as follows:

▌ Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

The new changes in ICBC’s supply chain finance business are mainly reflected in its online small and micro financial service platform. There are three main products: “Online Loans” and “Online Supply Chain Financing”. ICBC also cooperated with the platform party China Enterprise Cloud Chain to innovate core digital accounts receivable confirmation credentials that can be transferred to multiple levels, further extending the credit of core enterprises to small and micro enterprises at the end of the supply chain.

In the first nine months of 2018 alone, ICBC has issued a total of 1,300 upstream and downstream customers.More than 45 billion yuan in online supply chain financing. As of the end of 2018, ICBC's total loans to small and micro enterprises reached 321.685 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.1%. The number of small and micro financial business centers also reached 258, comprehensively promoting the implementation of supply chain finance business.

▌Agricultural Bank of China

The Agricultural Bank of China’s efforts in supply chain finance are first reflected in system construction. In 2018, the Agricultural Bank of China Head Office established the “Inclusive Finance Division + Eight Backstage Centers” In line with the departmental structure, 37 first-tier branches and key second-tier branches have all established inclusive financial divisions, forming an inclusive financial service system driven by the two-wheel drive of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers + small and micro enterprises”.

In terms of promoting specific businesses, Agricultural Bank of China mainly provides comprehensive online financing services to upstream and downstream small and micro customers of core enterprises through the development of "data online lending" business. As of the end of 2018, Agricultural Bank of China has issued 23,000 loans to upstream and downstream small and micro enterprises of many core enterprises, with a total amount of 9.1 billion yuan. Recently, the Agricultural Bank of China has also cooperated with the platform party China Enterprise Yunyun Chain to launch a new supply chain product “Factoring e-Financing” to provide financing for core enterprises’ upstream and downstream suppliers at all levels.

▌Bank of China

With its advantages in international trade finance, Bank of China launched a supply chain financing product "Rongyida" as early as 2007, which was established in 2009 The supply chain team has also officially launched its efforts in supply chain finance. During the seven-year period from 2009 to 2014, the amount of its supply chain finance business exceeded 74 billion yuan to 1 trillion yuan, with an average annual compound growth rate of 68%. At the end of 2011, Bank of China realized the implementation of the first online supply chain finance project by directly connecting the order information of platform financiers to the Bank of China system through "bank-enterprise docking". Subsequently, through this method, it has expanded to more than 300 companies such as JD.com and Suning. A company has issued more than 10 billion yuan in online financing.

The Bank of China's 2018 annual report also shows that it is participating in the construction and commissioning of the "Block Chain Forfeiting Trading Platform" and the "Digital Bill Trading Platform" and will continue to use "electronic Expand supply chain financial business in the direction of "innovation" + "globalization". As of the end of 2018, its inclusive finance small and micro enterprise loan balance was 304.2 billion yuan, an increase of 12.26% from the end of the previous year.

▌China Construction Bank

In 2018, China Construction Bank proposed a three-year strategic plan for the development of inclusive finance, and in terms of organizational construction, it achieved the first and second level of the inclusive finance division. With full branch coverage, a total of 288 small business centers have been established.

Specifically speaking, at the business level, CCB has designed and developed a series of services including accounts receivable financing, gold and silver warehouses, focusing on the operation of the “three streams” of information flow, logistics and capital flow from corporate procurement, manufacturing, sales to end users. , chattel pledge financing, order financing, chattel pledge financing and more than ten supply chain financing products. CCB focuses on business acceptanceThe real transaction background of the business, the high degree of embeddedness between the product and enterprise information flow, logistics and capital flow, and the need to provide structured and combined services. As of the end of 2018, CCB had issued a total of 538.5 billion yuan in online supply chain financing to 33,000 companies, with 1,184 online supply chain cooperation platforms. The balance of loans in the inclusive finance field was 631.017 billion yuan, an increase of 212.515 billion yuan from the previous year.

▌Bank of Communications

Bank of Communications carries out supply chain finance business mainly through the "Yuntong Supply Chain" platform, and mainly focuses on core enterprises in automobiles and other industries, through cooperation with large domestic Logistics companies carry out pledge supervision cooperation and carry out credit insurance cooperation with insurance companies. Bank of Communications has successively launched products such as "Kuiyi Tie", "Kuai Yishou" and "Kuai Yipay", creating the "Yuntong e-Chain" A series of supply chain financing products.

As of the end of 2018, the Bank of Communications has expanded its domestic industrial chain network to more than 3,000 companies, and the financing balance of industrial chain financial products exceeded RMB 110 billion, an increase of 22.42% from the end of the previous year. The Bank’s blockchain technology has already In the field of automotive Internet of Things finance, the accounts receivable chain business is also advancing rapidly.

▌Ping An Bank

Ping An Bank (formerly Shenzhen Development Bank) is the first commercial bank in China to get involved in and advocate the development of supply chain finance business. In 2002, Shenzhen Development Bank became the first systemic bank in China. A bank that proposes and promotes supply chain finance and trade finance product portfolios. In 2005 alone, Shenzhen Development Bank's "1+N" supply chain finance model created a credit line of 250 billion yuan, and the non-performing loan rate that year was only 0.57%.

In the online layout, for core enterprises in the industry chain and their upstream customers, Ping An Bank launched the Supply Chain Accounts Receivable Service Platform (SAS Platform) in 2018 to provide online transfer of accounts receivable. , financing, management, settlement and other comprehensive financial services. The SAS platform comprehensively applies core technologies such as "Ping An Blockchain" and "Artificial Intelligence + Big Data" to implement intelligent verification and continuous monitoring of the authenticity of trade backgrounds. As of the end of 2018, the cumulative transaction volume of Ping An Bank's SAS platform has exceeded 10 billion yuan, providing services to 111 core enterprises and their upstream small, medium and micro enterprises.

▌ Shanghai Pudong Development Bank

Shanghai Pudong Development Bank first launched the "Enterprise Supply Chain Financing Solution" in 2007 to provide core enterprises with credit services, procurement services, inventory turnover, account collection, etc. Financing support. Since 2011, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank has been committed to building a unique supply chain financial platform, and has cooperated with many core enterprises and logistics companies such as China Mobile, Shenlong Automobile, and COSCO Logistics to achieve the integration of information flow, logistics and capital flow.

In terms of online layout, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank has launched the "Jingpu e-commerce platform" to acquire customers in batches from core enterprises on the asset side.It also launched innovative products such as "Government Procurement e-Loan" and "Bill Pool Instant Loan" in the field of online supply chain finance, as well as cloud fund supervision and e-enterprise banking comprehensive service platforms. and other products. As of the end of 2018, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank has served more than 31,300 technology enterprise customers in the supply chain field, promoted 20 automotive supply chains, and served 864 upstream and downstream customers in the automotive industry.

▌ China CITIC Bank< /p>

CITIC Bank’s supply chain finance business is mainly promoted by building three major platforms, four major value-added chains and five major characteristic networks. The three major platforms include logistics financing platform, inter-industry cooperation platform and government support platform, and the four major value-added chains include Create a value-added chain for accounts receivable, a value-added chain for prepaid accounts, a value-added chain for logistics services, and a value-added chain for electronic services. The five distinctive networks are the automobile financial network, the steel financial network, the home appliance financial network, the telecommunications financial network, and the petrochemical financial network.

China CITIC Bank also successfully launched a full-process online supply chain finance platform innovative product "Chinese e-Chain - Payment and Circulation Integration" in October 2018, integrating CITIC Bank's business system with the core enterprise's supply chain finance platform Docking, with the help of multi-level circulation of standardized electronic "payment vouchers", it provides full-process, online financing to its upstream N-level suppliers. In 2018, CITIC Bank also launched the country's first blockchain forfaiting trading system and released "Blockchain + Supply Chain" pilot innovation project, as of the end of 2018, the business volume on its chain exceeded 10 billion yuan.

▌Zheshang Bank

Supply chain finance is As an important strategic task for the current development of Zheshang Bank, Zheshang Bank began to study the application of blockchain technology in 2016 and took the lead in putting into production a receivable chain platform based on blockchain technology in August 2017. Focusing on supply chain finance, Zhejiang Merchants innovates the "pooling" and "online" financing business models, and continues to develop its business around the three major business platforms on the basis of the three pools (Yongjin bill pool, Yongjin asset pool, and Yongjin export pool).

The first is the pool financing platform. In 2018, it signed contracts with 22,290 customers, a year-on-year increase of 43.58%. The asset balance in the pool was 350.679 billion yuan, and the cumulative number of accounts receivable entered into the pool was 100,800. The amount is approximately 72.9 billion yuan. The specific product "Zhizhendai" signed 1,645 customers in 2018, a year-on-year increase of 26.25%, and the financing balance was 50.125 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 44.68%.

The second is financial services for core enterprises In 2018, a total of 234 Yiqiyin platforms were launched, an increase of 172.09% from the end of the previous year. The platform’s cumulative financing was 36.785 billion yuan, an increase of 485.28% from the end of the previous year.

The third is accounts receivable As of the end of 2018, Zheshang Bank has launched 1,410 accounts receivable chain platforms, a year-on-year increase of nearly 12 times, with a cumulative issuance amount of 1,228.78 billion, an increase of nearly 4 times year-on-year.

▌Shanghai Bank

The Bank of Shanghai released the "Uplink e-Chain" online supply chain financial service platform in October 2018, and established a new supply chain finance department in April this year. , expand and cover the business model to all aspects of core enterprise procurement, production, sales, etc., and at the same time use big data to start building the enterprise's credit model.

"Upstream e-Chain" is based on the online supply chain financial service platform, covering 3 major categories and a total of 15 products. By sharing data with core enterprises to build a platform, it can master the required information flow, capital flow and Logistics, forming closed-loop management. At the same time, Bank of Shanghai cooperates with Jiangsu Runhe Software to introduce blockchain technology to realize the divisible and combinable payment of core enterprise credit, thereby extending the credit of core enterprises to second-, third- and fourth-tier suppliers. In 2018, the Bank of Shanghai realized supply chain finance loans of 52.487 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 117.22%. At the 2018 Bank of Shanghai Annual Meeting, this figure is expected to increase to 100 billion yuan by 2020.

▌Bank of Beijing

Bank of Beijing plans to provide "e-commerce and finance" comprehensive service solutions for the trading market. With the help of the credit of the commodity trading platform, it provides full-process financial services to platform traders. Create an innovative online business model of "supply chain finance + capital depository". At the specific product level, the online supply chain product of "Jingxin Chain" was launched to extend the credit of core enterprises to upstream multi-level suppliers and realize the split and transfer of accounts receivable claims. As of the end of 2018, the balance of Bank of Beijing's small and micro enterprise loans was 425.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%.

In addition, other e-commerce private banks such as WeBank, Suning Bank, MYBank, etc. have also made plans in supply chain finance business. WeBank is currently expanding its supply chain finance business based on blockchain technology. In addition to its own way of expanding core enterprises, WeBank has also proposed a "bank-bank cooperation" model in which WeBank provides grassroots technology and cooperates with city commercial banks to develop business.

Suning Bank successfully launched the domestic letter of credit information transmission system (BCLC system) based on blockchain in September 2017, and pioneered the "Internet of Things + Blockchain" movable asset in September 2018. Pledge financing was the first of its kind. Based on the coal inventory of a certain company, Suning Bank gave the financier a credit line for movable property pledge and successfully realized the loan. At the same time, its blockchain + Internet of Things automobile and finance platform, and blockchain + Internet of Things 3C commodity supervision platform have also been put on the release schedule.

As banks continue to deepen their development in supply chain finance business, this business will not only serve the real economy, but also bring new profit growth points to the business side and the addition of financial technology. It will also continue to promote the update and evolution of market business models and form a virtuous business ecological cycle.