全球区块链黑客马拉松,区块链黑客松大赛第一名

近日，全球区块链黑客马拉松大赛圆满落幕，最终第一名由团队“梦想号”夺得，他们的优秀表现赢得了众多关注。本次比赛的主题是“智能合约技术”，主要涉及到三个关键词：区块链技术、智能合约和黑客马拉松。

区块链技术：区块链技术是一种分布式数据库，它可以记录任何数字资产的所有交易。它是一种去中心化的记账技术，可以让参与者之间进行安全的交易，而无需第三方监管机构。比特币就是一种基于区块链技术的数字货币，它可以让参与者之间进行安全的交易，而无需第三方监管机构。此外，目前，区块链技术正在被广泛应用于金融、政府、医疗保健、法律、企业管理等领域，以及许多其他行业。

智能合约：智能合约是一种可以在区块链上执行的自动执行代码，它可以自动执行双方在合约中设定的条款，而无需第三方的介入。智能合约可以替代传统的合同，它可以减少交易成本，提高交易效率，以及提高交易的安全性。它还可以提供更多的灵活性，使用户能够更好地控制交易流程，从而更好地实现自身利益。

黑客马拉松：黑客马拉松是一种特殊的比赛形式，它持续24小时或更长时间，参赛者在这段时间内竞争解决问题。黑客马拉松的目的是鼓励参赛者创新，培养他们的创新能力，以及挑战他们的技术技能。本次全球区块链黑客马拉松比赛的主题是“智能合约技术”，参赛者被要求利用智能合约技术来解决实际问题，以及提出更多的创新性解决方案。

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㈠ How to detect the risk level of blockchain smart contracts

With the acceleration of digital transformation in Shanghai, blockchain technology has been widely used in government affairs, finance, logistics, and justice. It has been widely used in many fields. During the application process, not only new business forms and business models have been born, but also many security issues have arisen, so security supervision is particularly important. As one of the important means of supervision, security evaluation has become a focus of many blockchain R&D manufacturers and application companies. This article talks about some of our exploration and practice on the blockchain compliance security assessment that everyone is concerned about.
1. Blockchain technology evaluation
Blockchain technology evaluation is generally divided into functional testing, performance testing and security evaluation.
1. Functional testing
Functional testing is a test of the basic functions supported by the underlying blockchain system, with the purpose of measuring the capabilities of the underlying blockchain system.
Blockchain functional testing is mainly based on GB/T 25000.10-2016 "System and Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Part 10: System and Software Quality Model", GB/T 25000.51-2016 "System and Software Quality" Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Part 51: Quality Requirements and Testing Details for Ready to Use Software Products (RUSP)" and other standards to verify whether the software under test meets the requirements of relevant test standards.
Blockchain function testing specifically includes networking methods and communication, data storage and transmission, encryption module availability, consensus function and fault tolerance, smart contract function, system management stability, chain stability, privacy protection, and interoperability , account and transaction types, private key management solutions, audit management and other modules.
2. Performance testing
Performance testing is a type of test implemented and executed to describe the performance-related characteristics of the test object and evaluate it. Most of them are used in project acceptance evaluation to verify the established Whether the technical indicators are completed.
Blockchain performance testing specifically includes high-concurrency stress test scenarios, peak impact test scenarios, long-term stable operation test scenarios, query test scenarios and other modules.
3. Security Assessment
Blockchain security assessment mainly conducts security testing and evaluation of account data, cryptography mechanisms, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, etc.
The main basis for blockchain security evaluation is "DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security". You can also refer to standards such as "JR/T 0193-2020 Blockchain Technology Financial Application Assessment Rules" and "JR/T 0184-2020 Financial Distributed Ledger Technology Security Specifications" based on actual testing needs.
Blockchain security assessment specifically includes storage, network, computing, consensus mechanism, cryptography mechanism, timing mechanism, personal information protection, networking mechanism, smart contracts, services and access, etc.
2. Blockchain Compliance Security Evaluation
Blockchain Compliance SecurityThe full assessment generally includes three categories: "blockchain information service security assessment", "network security level protection assessment" and "special fund project acceptance assessment".
1. Blockchain information service security assessment
Blockchain information service security assessment is mainly based on the "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations" issued by the Cyberspace Administration of China on January 10, 2019 (hereinafter referred to as "Regulations") and refer to the national blockchain standard "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification (Draft for Comments)".
The "Regulations" aim to clarify the information security management responsibilities of blockchain information service providers, standardize and promote the healthy development of blockchain technology and related services, avoid blockchain information service security risks, and provide blockchain Provide effective legal basis for the provision, use and management of information services. Article 9 of the "Regulations" states: Blockchain information service providers that develop and launch new products, new applications, and new functions must report to the national and provincial, autonomous region, and municipality Internet Information Offices for security assessment in accordance with relevant regulations.
The "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification" is a construction and preparation project led by the Institute of Information Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and jointly participated by Zhejiang University, China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Shanghai Information Security Evaluation and Certification Center and other units. National standards for evaluating the security capabilities of blockchain information services. The "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification" stipulates the security requirements that blockchain information service providers of alliance chains and private chains should meet, including security technical requirements and security assurance requirements as well as corresponding test and evaluation methods, and is suitable for guiding blockchain Chain information service security assessment and blockchain information service security construction. The security technical requirements and guarantee requirements framework proposed by the standard are as follows:
Figure 1 Blockchain information service security requirements model
2. Network security level protection evaluation
The main basis for network security level protection evaluation includes "GB/T 22239-2019 Basic Requirements for Network Security Level Protection" and "GB/T 28448-2019 Network Security Level Protection Evaluation Requirements".
As an emerging information technology, the application system built by blockchain is also an object of level protection and needs to be evaluated for level protection in accordance with regulations. The general requirements for level protection security evaluation are applicable to the evaluation of the infrastructure part of the blockchain, but currently there are no blockchain-specific security requirements. Therefore, the expansion requirements for blockchain security evaluation still need to be further explored and studied.
3. Special fund project acceptance evaluation
According to the relevant regulations of the Municipal Economic and Information Technology Commission, information technology special fund projects are required to issue a safety evaluation report during project acceptance. The acceptance evaluation of blockchain application projects will be carried out in accordance with Shanghai’s latest blockchain local standard "DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security".
3. Exploration and practice of blockchain security assessment
1. Standard preparation
Shanghai Assessment Center actively participates in the preparation of blockchain standards. Led by Shanghai Evaluation CenterHeaded by Suzhou Tongji Blockchain Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qiyin Information Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Moheng Network Technology Co., Ltd., the First Institute of Telecommunications Science and Technology and other units participated in the preparation of the blockchain local standard "DB31/T 1331" -2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security" was officially released in December 2021 and will be officially implemented on March 1 this year. The blockchain national standard "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification", which the Shanghai Assessment Center participated in the preparation of, is in the stage of soliciting opinions.
At the same time, the assessment center also participated in the compilation of primary and intermediate textbooks for blockchain engineering technicians organized by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and led by Tongji University, and was responsible for compiling the chapter "Testing the Blockchain System".
2. Project Practice
In recent years, the Shanghai Assessment Center has conducted a large number of blockchain security assessment practices based on relevant technical standards, including grade protection assessment, information service security assessment, project security assessment, etc. In the evaluation practice, the main security issues discovered are as follows:
Table 1 Blockchain is mainly a security issue
Serial number
Evaluation items
Problem description
1
Consensus Algorithm
The consensus algorithm uses Kafka or Raft consensus and does not support Byzantine fault tolerance or tolerate malicious node behavior.
2
On-chain data
On-chain sensitive information is not encrypted, and all data on the chain can be accessed through the query interface or blockchain browser.
3
Cryptographic Algorithm
The random numbers used in the cryptographic algorithm do not meet the randomness requirements of GB/T 32915-2016.
4
Node Protection
For the alliance chain, security protection measures failed to be configured for the area where the node server is located.
5
Communication transmission
When communicating between nodes, the blockchain and upper-layer applications, no secure information transmission channel has been established.
6
Consensus Algorithm
The number of nodes deployed in the system is small, and sometimes the number of fault-tolerant nodes required by the consensus algorithm is not even reached.
7
Smart Contract
The operation of the smart contract is not monitored, and problems that arise during the operation of the smart contract cannot be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner.
8
Services and Access
Upper-layer applications have access control flaws such as unauthorized and unauthorized access, leading to business confusion and data leakage.
9
Smart Contract
Smart contract coding is not standardized. When an error occurs in the smart contract, the smart contract freezing function is not provided.
10
Smart Contract
The running environment of smart contracts is not isolated from the outside, and there is a risk of external attacks.
3. Tool Application
The assessment center is organizing the preparation of "DB31/T 1331-2021 BlockWhen "General Requirements for Chain Technology Security", the connection needs with graded protection evaluation have been considered. The "infrastructure layer" security in DB31/T 1331 is consistent with the relevant requirements of the secure physical environment, secure communication network, security area boundary, secure computing environment, security management center, etc. of level protection, "protocol layer security", "extension layer" "Security" more reflects the unique security protection requirements of the blockchain.
Based on the relevant security requirements of DB31/T 1331, the assessment center is organizing and compiling extended blockchain assessment requirements. The relevant results will be applied to the network security level protection assessment tool - Assessment Expert. By then, evaluation institutions using the "Evaluation Expert" software will be able to conduct blockchain security evaluations accurately, standardly and efficiently, discover blockchain security risks, and put forward corresponding rectification suggestions

㈡ FISCO -- Jinlian Alliance creates a new era of public alliance chains

Public chain, alliance chain (permission chain) and private chain can be said to basically include three ways of using blockchain technology. In recent years, the planning, financing, development and ecological construction of the public chain can be said to have been carried out in a noisy manner. Some are real, and there are even more deceptions. It is noisy, noisy, muddy and sandy, and investors' money has really gone in. But not many are online, and the ecological construction of the few public chains that are online is also sparse. There are very few DApps, and the daily activity is even less. In short, not many current public chain projects can or are willing to survive. Ecological construction is even further away.

Private chains are self-built and internally run blockchain architectures of respective companies and institutions. Very little information is disclosed, but I believe that using your own money to do your own things and solve your own problems will not cause any problems. What a big deal.

The development of the alliance chain has always been low-key. Since blockchain technology was recognized by the mainstream economy and society, pragmatic mainstream economic institutions have been solidly carrying out research, development and application for about 4 years. During this period, the backbone of the alliance chain was formed, and another correct path was found for the implementation of blockchain applications and ecological construction. In a certain sense, the alliance chain has passed its infancy and has begun to solidly move towards the "public alliance chain" new era. The alliance chain's naturally strong relationship with mainstream economic industry resources also determines the alliance chain's mainstream status in the application prospects of blockchain technology.

With the dawn of the digital economy era and the popularization of distributed business models, blockchain technology has also been able to give full play to its advantages and become a representative of cutting-edge technology. In 2016, three companies, WeBank, a member of the Golden Link Alliance, Shanghai Wanxiang Blockchain, and Matrix Yuan, a member of Chinaledger, reached a strategic cooperation and jointly committed to exploring blockchain technology, and

The full name of Golden Link Alliance is Financial Blockchain Cooperation Alliance (Shenzhen). It was founded on May 3, 2016 by more than 20 financial institutions and technology companies including Shenzhen Financial Technology Association, Shenzhen Qianhai WeBank, and Shenzhen Securities Exchange.A non-profit organization co-founded on the 1st. As an open organization, Financial Institutions that voluntarily abide by the charter and companies that provide technological services to financial institutions can apply to join. So far, members of the Golden Link Alliance include more than 80 institutions in six major industries including banks, funds, securities, insurance, local equity exchanges, and technology companies.

On November 26, 2016, Golden Link Alliance released the "Financial Distributed Ledger Proposal", proposing five major principles such as legal compliance, traceability, security, privacy protection, and business orientation, as well as a value alliance , autonomous and controllable, safe and trustworthy, efficient and available, business feasible, flexible configuration, intelligent supervision and other seven propositions.

Purpose: Integrate and coordinate financial blockchain technology research resources, form a synergy and coordination mechanism for financial blockchain technology research and application research, and improve the research and development capabilities of member units in the field of blockchain technology. Explore, develop, and implement financial alliance blockchain suitable for financial institutions, as well as application scenarios based on this.

The General Assembly of the Golden Chain Alliance is the highest authority; the permanent body of the General Assembly is the Presidium, which leads the alliance to carry out daily work during the intersessions of the General Assembly and is responsible to the General Assembly; the Presidium has a technical committee (chaired by Application project work), Standards Technical Working Committee (presides over the establishment, formulation, review and release of standards), Advisory Committee (organizes external experts to participate in technical and standards discussions).

Jinlianmeng has established research directions in the fields of credit, equity, points, insurance, bills, cloud services, digital assets, financial product issuance and trading, and some of the projects have now been implemented or products have been launched. prototype.

The FISCO BCOS underlying blockchain platform is jointly built by the FISCO open source working group. Members of the working group include Beyondsoft, Huawei, Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Digital China, Sifang Inextron, Tencent, WeBank and Yuexiu Jinke and other members of the Golden Link Alliance, aiming to create a secure and controllable blockchain suitable for the financial field. The underlying platform of the chain.

Financial services are one of the earliest application areas of blockchain. Blockchain technology brings advantages such as safety and reliability, simplified processes, cost savings, reduced operational risks, and increased trust, and has the potential to reconstruct and sublimate the original financial industry infrastructure. The financial industry focuses on multi-party reciprocal cooperation and has strong supervision and high-level security requirements, which require node access and authority management. Therefore, the technical direction of the alliance chain has become the main choice for the financial industry.

At present, my country's financial industry is opening up to the outside world with unprecedented intensity, and the pace of financial innovation is also accelerating. Therefore, how to effectively balance the relationship between open innovation and risk prevention and firmly maintain the bottom line of no systemic risks is an important issue for the industry. Urgent challenges that need to be addressed.

From the perspective of financial IT infrastructure, there are still some shortcomings and pain points in operational risks, moral hazards, credit risks, information protection risks, etc.

First, financial IT system data may still be tampered with, forged, or have consistency differences.

Second, the infrastructure structures and business processes of different financial institutions are different, and even still involve many manual processes, which greatly increases operating costs and is also prone to operational risks and ethics. risk.

Third, financial business and financial cooperation may involve multiple participants or intermediaries, which can easily increase trust costs and friction costs. There are also certain issues of mutual trust, collaboration or cooperation reciprocity.

Fourth, financial business is often highly complex, and it is easy to miss records of all business elements. Sometimes it is difficult to trace the entire business process, and it cannot meet the needs of supervision and auditing.

Fifth, the data between different financial institutions are relatively independent, making it difficult to achieve safe and efficient interaction, resulting in high costs for repeated KYC, anti-money laundering, and anti-fraud, and also indirectly causing the loss of user data. Risk of being leaked by certain intermediaries.

Sixth, the availability and adaptability of centralized IT infrastructure are weak, and distributed technologies need to be used to improve robustness or adaptability.

As a combined infrastructure solution, blockchain technology can in principle respond to the needs of the financial industry. However, because the requirements of the financial industry are more diverse and strict, as a financial version of the blockchain solution, it needs to be based on the blockchain technology of the universal industry and according to the special business needs of financial institutions, existing technical levels, and laws and regulations. Requirements or conditions in other aspects shall be comprehensively considered from multiple dimensions such as business suitability, performance, security, policy, technical feasibility, operation and maintenance and governance, and cost.

First, the appropriateness of the business scenario. Not all financial business scenarios require the use of blockchain technology. Generally speaking, when it comes to scenarios involving multi-party participation and peer-to-peer cooperation, the traditional centralized system architecture is often difficult to meet the needs, so you can consider using blockchain technology. This will increase multi-party mutual trust, improve business operation efficiency, and reduce business operation costs and friction costs.

Second, the performance of the blockchain system. Financial business often has characteristics such as massive transactions, high-frequency transactions, and timely confirmation. Therefore, the blockchain open source platform in the financial industry needs to analyze the business volume, potential business growth scale, and potential business growth scale that the blockchain system needs to support based on the current business scale of financial institutions. Technical performance index requirements such as concurrent business volume and response time. Since blockchain platforms using different technical modules, such as different consensus mechanisms, have large differences in performance support, it is necessary to combine blockchain performance efficiency according to business performance requirements.indicators for evaluation.

Third, the security of the blockchain system. Blockchain can ensure the credibility of recorded data from a technical level and prevent data from being tampered with, forged and other risks. In addition, in terms of data sensitivity and security, it is necessary to evaluate the content encryption strength of the on-chain data, as well as access control, etc. Financial institutions need to choose mature, appropriate, and secure encryption algorithms based on the specific security requirements of their business.

Fourth, policy compliance. Blockchain is a set of technical solutions that, with reasonable design, can provide good support for existing businesses or complement existing centralized systems. However, when financial institutions use blockchain to conduct business, they must implement it within the country's existing regulatory requirements and legal framework.

Fifth, technical feasibility. Blockchain technology has already been implemented in some financial scenarios, but it is still an emerging technology. It is necessary to fully evaluate the fit of the technology with specific businesses and its advantages and disadvantages compared with traditional systems before finally choosing the appropriate area. Demonstration and trial operation of the blockchain platform.

Sixth, operation and maintenance and governance capabilities. Since there are differences in operations and management between blockchain-based businesses and traditional centralized systems, and the continuous governance requirements of financial businesses are extremely high, corresponding planning and adjustments are required to evaluate the feasibility and sustainability of the new governance structure. , evaluate the impact of version iterations and the official launch of the system, monitor the operation of the blockchain system in real time, and ensure business controllability and financial environment stability.

Seventh, costs are controllable and economically feasible. Blockchain applications use technical features to solve specific problems in actual business. Applications that effectively solve pain point problems can bring great benefits to financial businesses, and the value of the application itself can also be revealed; on the contrary, if it cannot solve important problems in the industry , you need to face a trade-off between costs and benefits.

If a safe and reliable underlying financial blockchain platform can be built to meet the special needs of the financial industry, blockchain technology will be of great use in the financial industry.

For example, from the perspective of banking institutions, the key exploration directions are generally to apply blockchain technology to reduce clearing and settlement costs, improve middle and back-office operational efficiency, improve process automation, and reduce operating costs. In addition, in cross-border financial scenarios, blockchain can help realize ledger sharing among cross-border financial institutions, reduce reconciliation and settlement costs and dispute friction costs between cooperative banks, thereby improving the processing speed of cross-border business. and efficiency.

From the perspective of non-bank financial institutions, blockchain can be used to improve the authority of rights registration and information storage, reduce counterparty risks, solve data tracking and information anti-counterfeiting issues, and reduce audits. operating costs, etc.

From the perspective of financial regulators, blockchain provides regulators with a consistent and easyAudit data, through data analysis on inter-agency blockchains, can supervise financial businesses faster and more accurately than traditional audit processes. For example, in an anti-money laundering scenario, the balance and transaction records of each account are traceable, and no aspect of any transaction will be out of sight of supervision, which will greatly strengthen anti-money laundering efforts.

Designed an efficient, reliable, message communication protocol based on the blockchain network, referred to as AMOP (Advanced Messenger On-chain Protocol), focusing on the following functions:

 Based on the blockchain network, it supports cross-bank and point-to-point real-time message communication;

 Provides standardized interfaces for the interaction between off-chain systems and blockchain;
< br />  The blockchain system can actively call the business interface of the off-chain system;

The technical characteristics of this protocol are:

 In the point-to-point blockchain network topology , plan node communication paths to ensure message reachability;

 Can quickly sense node abnormalities in the blockchain network and automatically switch paths to resend messages;

 In communication Encryption technology is used in the process to ensure privacy at the communication layer.

Designed the contract naming service CNS (Contract Name Service). The design goal of CNS is to name the correspondence between the business layer and smart contracts, so that the business layer no longer cares about the relevant contract addresses. Similar to DNS on the Internet, the use of domain names makes it easier for users to remember how to access a website, and also gives the website great flexibility in terms of clustering, migration and expansion.

Parallel PBFT Consensus

Standard RAFT Consensus

Parallel Computing and Hot Account Solutions

FISCO BCOS in Data Integration Conduct in-depth exploration in analysis, transaction control, identity authentication and other aspects to meet the financial industry’s high standards for supervision, risk control and other aspects.

Risk data integration

Based on immutable, traceable, distributed and highly consistent data on the blockchain, regulatory agencies can be given sufficient and transparent information and transactions Participants, transaction details, transaction process and transaction history records are all recorded on the blockchain ledger, which can completely and properly preserve massive historical data, solve the problem of data islands, and meet the needs of structured, clear and accurate risk data.accurate and complete requirements.

Risk modeling, analysis and prediction

Organically combine the data completed on the blockchain with big data mining, machine learning and other technologies, and then integrate market data, industry Data can be used to formulate more accurate risk models, improve risk prediction capabilities, and meet the requirements of comprehensive risk management of institutions.

Real-time transaction monitoring, reporting and interception

Identity recognition

Special Prize: ODRchain - a typical application of public alliance chain

The most high-profile champion project - ODRChain, is based on the FISCO BCOS underlying platform and uses blockchain technology to solve the pain points of traditional judicial processing of online disputes, such as the difficulty in verifying the authenticity of electronic data and the inability to digest a large and rapidly backlog of case disputes.

At present, ODRChain has shortened the time it takes for customers to go from clicking "one-click arbitration" to receiving the arbitration award, from the traditional arbitration process that lasted several months to about 7 days. , and the arbitration fees that originally cost tens of thousands of dollars have been reduced to a few hundred yuan. As of December 2018, ODRChain has completed the deposit of over 10 million contracts, involving hundreds of billions of funds.

First prize: JustSign - a white-box cryptographic algorithm that turns a mobile phone into a USB shield

The project that grabs the first prize in the competition - JustSign, is based on FISCO BOCS It is an electronic contract signing and certificate storage system. Its original JustKey white-box cryptographic algorithm realizes "mobile phone as USB shield", which solves the problem of limited compatibility of traditional CA, inability to protect key security on the mobile terminal, and vulnerability to attacks in centralized data storage. question.

Expert reviewers commented that electronic contracts involve complex legal relationships and ownership of interests, and it has long been difficult to achieve a balance between security, integrity and portability. The team’s original white-box cryptographic algorithm is really conducive to improving security in blockchain certificate storage scenarios.

Second Prize: Internet of Things Trusted Interconnection Solution - The Picture of Smart Life Looks Like This

The Internet of Things Trusted Interconnection Solution competed by Sichuan Changhong Security Laboratory depicts Come up with a smart home blueprint that requires almost no extra worry on your part. When analyzing the blockchain technology behind it, a team representative said that an inter-enterprise cooperation alliance is established based on the alliance chain to open up the interconnection and mutual trust of IoT devices between different manufacturers, and based on insights into typical business scenarios of smart life, through smart contracts Implement smart terminal registration, scene rules, trust rules and linkage rules.

The expert judges of the competition believe that this project has practical hardware and scenarios in the field of Internet of Things, and is expected to further promote the distribution ofApplication scenarios such as AI assistant, resource sharing, life cycle management, and multi-channel payment have been implemented, truly ushering in smart life.

Among the projects that won the third prize in the competition, they accurately targeted the characteristics of blockchain in terms of security and efficiency improvement, and provided practical solutions for the industries they represented. Tsinghua University The team of teachers and students found a new way to develop cross-layer full-stack blockchain security detection technology to protect other blockchain applications comprehensively, and its technical strength was highly praised by the judges.

The third prize winners were the trusted electronic certificate platform of Shenzhen E-Commerce Security Certificate Management Co., Ltd., the real estate registration platform of Wuhan Liandong Times Technology Co., Ltd., and Shandong Guanhai Data Technology Co., Ltd. The company's Rongcheng blockchain service platform, the livestock industry blockchain traceability of Quanliantong Co., Ltd., the tourism finance alliance platform of Shenzhen Youxun Information Technology Co., Ltd., and the copyright safe deposit box of Beijing FamilyMart Technology Development Co., Ltd.

Shanghai Jiuyaojiu Information Technology Co., Ltd.’s first-responder mutual aid first aid, “Yongteng Group My Innovate”’s HaveFund, Qianhai Life Insurance Co., Ltd.’s blockchain policy management, “Huazhong Technology The University's Guanshankou Hulu Brothers' Book Enjoying Campus and the Cloud Block project team's "Yun Block" account system also won the Outstanding Social Value Award, Outstanding Business Design Award, Outstanding User Value Award, Outstanding Creativity Award, and Outstanding Application Integration Award respectively.

Ma Zhitao, chairman of the Golden Alliance Technical Committee, elaborated on the concept of the “public alliance chain”. He believes that the alliance chain should achieve self-sublimation and should be able to evolve into an ecosystem that provides services to the public, that is, a "public alliance chain."

Different from the public chain project’s idea of ​​“coming up with a plan first, raising funds, vigorously promoting it, raising the price, and finally investing in development”, the alliance chain project adheres to the idea of ​​“investing in development first with its own funds” , go to the production environment to verify, accumulate real customers and users, run steady trials and errors, and finally carry out promotion and publicity.” However, due to the focus on practical implementation and focusing on real applications, there is a lack of publicity, and it has no choice but to fall into a passive situation of "many people have implemented it, but few people have praised it". Golden Chain Alliance hopes that through this competition, the project team of the alliance chain will come to the stage to show their results, enhance the influence of the alliance chain, and let the public know more about the real application implementation and sustainable development of the alliance chain project.

㈢The reason for the plummeting of slp coins

The reason for the plummeting of slb is due to excessive breeding and no new players joining in to buy. SLP (SmallLovePotion) is an ERC-20 token that can be used on the Ethereum blockchain. AxieInfinity is a game (dapp) running on the Ethereum blockchain where users can collect, raise, breed and battle named axies virtual creature. Axies are very similar to real-life pets, each with their own unique characteristics and appearance. Players can obtain SLP tokens through PvE adventure mode and PvP arena. There is no maximum supply for this token.
Extended information:
1. SLP (Simple Ledger Protocol) is a solution for issuing coins on the BCH chain developed by Electron Cash wallet developers. Since its release, this tool has been welcomed by enthusiasts inside and outside the community. . Recently, judging from a number of relevant data and the performance of new tokens on the SLP browser simpleledger.info, the popularity of the system continues to increase, and the currency issuance ecology is gradually improved.
2. According to browser data, as of October 16, 4,916 tokens have been created, including some high-quality currencies that are sought after by community enthusiasts, such as the stable currency USDH, the reward token Spiece, etc. . In the recent past, the transaction volume of SLP system tokens has also been increasing, and this is based on the premise that the growth rate of newly added currencies has declined. This shows that some currencies issued in the past have been recognized by the community, thus triggering a large number of transactions by users. and use.
3. With the increase in currency types and transaction volume, SLP’s related supporting facilities are also constantly improving. In terms of exchanges, CoinEx has launched SLP tokens, and Roger Ver, founder of Bitcoin.com exchange, has also stated many times that related tokens will be listed online; in terms of wallets, Badger Wallet has launched extended versions of Firefox and Google Chrome. ; In terms of browsers, SLP's development team has optimized the official browser simpleledger.info and added a more intuitive chart display. The SLP currency issuance system has a wide range of application scenarios, such as the advertising token tribeOS mentioned above. In addition, there are some token scenarios that have already appeared, such as the online betting token Spice Casa, the tipping token Spice, etc.
4. In the past SLP hackathon, user points project Hamingja and others also appeared. The reason why SLP has so many uses is not only due to the sufficient block space of the BCH public chain, but also related to its own two advantages, namely the underlying design based on UTXO and the tokenization technology NFT1. The former allows SLP to represent CoinZero confirms transfers and enables instant transactions; the latter makes every Token issued based on the SLP protocol unique and irreplaceable. This feature makes SLP tokens very suitable for digital assets.

㈣ How to apply blockchain How to apply blockchain

1. Financial field:

Blockchain in the international Financial fields such as exchange, letters of credit, equity registration and stock exchanges have potentially huge application value. Applying blockchain technology to the financial industry can eliminate the need for third parties toThrough the intermediary link, direct point-to-point docking is achieved, thereby quickly completing transaction payments while greatly reducing costs.

2. Internet of Things and logistics fields:

Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the fields of Internet of Things and logistics. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved. This field is considered a promising application direction of blockchain.

3. Public service field:

Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but the centralized characteristics of these fields are also It has brought about some problems that can be transformed using blockchain. The decentralized, fully distributed DNS service provided by the blockchain can realize domain name query and resolution through point-to-point data transmission services between various nodes in the network, and can be used to ensure that the operating system and firmware of an important infrastructure are not Tampered, you can monitor the status and integrity of the software, detect bad tampering, and ensure that the data transmitted by systems using IoT technology has not been tampered with.

4. Digital copyright field:

Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the ownership of works. Authenticity and uniqueness. After the rights of the work are confirmed on the blockchain, subsequent transactions will be recorded in real time, realizing full life cycle management of digital copyright, and can also be used as a technical guarantee in judicial evidence collection. For example, MineLabs, a startup company in New York, USA, has developed a blockchain-based metadata protocol. This system called Mediachain uses the IPFS file system to realize copyright protection of digital works, mainly for copyright protection applications of digital pictures.

5. Insurance field:

In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims. A typical application case is LenderBot, which was launched in 2016 by blockchain companies Stratumn, Deloitte and payment service provider Lemonway. It allows people to register customized micro-insurance products through the chat function of Facebook Messenger, providing services between individuals. The high-value items exchanged are insured, and the blockchain replaces the third-party role in the loan contract.

6. Public welfare field:

The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for use in social welfare scenarios. Relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation projects, fundraising details, fund flows, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain, and can be transparently and publicly disclosed conditionally to facilitate social supervision.

What is the development trend of blockchain?

Main companies in the industry: Ping An of China (601318), Donggang Co., Ltd. (002117), Information Development (300469), Yuangguang Software (002063), Bosi Software (300525), Feitian Integrity (300386), Sifang Jingchuang (300468), Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (601398), SF Holding (002352)

The core data of this article: China’s blockchain market size, China region Number of blockchain tenders and number of blockchain companies in China

Industry overview

1. Definition

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chronological A chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner and is cryptographically guaranteed to be an untamperable and unforgeable distributed ledger.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.

Blockchain is not a single technology, but a combination of new technologies. Each of these technologies performs its own role, solves different problems, and is combined to form a blockchain. As the basic structural unit of the blockchain, the block consists of two parts: the block header and the block body containing transaction data.

2. Industry chain analysis: the downstream industry covers a wide range of areas

The upstream of the blockchain industry chain is mainly the underlying technology and infrastructure. The underlying technology includes core basic components, protocols and algorithms. Represented by Bitcoin, Litecoin, and Ethereum, a network environment such as distributed algorithms, digital keys, data storage, P2P network protocols, and consensus mechanisms based on blockchain technology, transaction rules, and incentives for miners to join network nodes have been built. Mechanism, representative companies include Xiaoyi, Quantum Chain, Wanxiang Blockchain, etc.; the infrastructure is mainly mining machines.

The midstream is the platform layer, which mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology. It provides productized services such as smart contracts, information security, and data services based on the underlying technology to improve development It provides convenience and scalability for developers to develop applications at the platform layer.

Downstream is the vertical industry application layer. It manifests itself as core application components, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.

Industry development history: We are in the era of blockchain 3.0

From the perspective of the development history of global blockchain, in 2008, an anonymous person signed by "Satoshi Nakamoto" published The paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Network Electronic Cash System" originally expected to launch a peer-to-peer electronic cash that can circulate freely. The issuance of Bitcoin represents the development of blockchain technology.The beginning; then the launch of Ethereum in 2013 directly pushed the blockchain into the 2.0 era; at the end of 2017, the popularity of stablecoins and the launch of MakerDAO pushed the blockchain into the 3.0 era. By June 2019, Facebook released Libra The white paper has attracted attention and discussion from all walks of life around the world, and regulatory authorities in various countries have successively spoken out, showing the huge potential of blockchain technology in reshaping the global financial infrastructure. After entering 2021, NFT-based identification technology has emerged and is the first to be applied in the art field.

Industry policy background: Promote the all-round development of blockchain

In 2016, the State Council issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Informatization", which listed blockchain as a new technology for the first time The scope and cutting-edge layout indicate that my country has begun to promote the development of blockchain technology and applications. Since then, various localities in the country have successively introduced blockchain-related policies, providing a good environment for the development of blockchain.

In February 2019, the "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations" issued by the State Internet Information Office were officially implemented, standardizing the filing basis for the development of my country's blockchain industry. The purpose of promulgating the "Regulations" is to clarify the information security management responsibilities of blockchain information service providers, standardize and promote the healthy development of blockchain technology and related services, avoid blockchain information service security risks, and facilitate the provision of blockchain information services. , use, management, etc. to provide effective legal basis. The introduction of this "management regulations" also means that my country's "supervision era" for blockchain information services has officially arrived.

At the end of October 2019, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held its 18th collective study session on the development status and trends of blockchain technology. Central leaders clearly emphasized the use of blockchain as an important breakthrough for independent innovation of core technologies. , Accelerate the promotion of blockchain technology and industrial innovation and development. This fully demonstrates that blockchain technology has risen to a national level. Chen Chun, a professor at Zhejiang University and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, who gave a lecture on the collective study of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, said at the 2019CCF Blockchain Technology Conference hosted by the Computer Society of China on October 12 that the development of the domestic blockchain industry is ushering in " "Spring Breeze", the research hotspots of China's blockchain technology will focus on two aspects: the key technology of the alliance blockchain and the blockchain supervision technology.

Current development of the industry

1. The market size will grow by more than 90% in 2020

From 2016 to 2018, large IT Internet companies have deployed blockchain. Start-ups have entered a blowout mode, and the industry scale continues to expand. According to IDC data, China's blockchain industry has experienced changes from a market size of US$85 million in 2017 to an industry scale of US$561 million in 2020.

2. The number of related companies is growing rapidly

In terms of the number of companies, in 2020H1, my country provided blockchain professional technical support, products, solutions and other services, and had input or output The number of new blockchain companies reached 303, making the whole countryThe country’s year-on-year growth rate was 274.07%. As of the end of 2020, the number of blockchain-related companies in my country reached 64,062, a year-on-year increase of 52.88%.

3. Blockchain finance is the largest downstream application market

According to the disclosure of the "China Blockchain Development White Paper (2020)", as the implementation of blockchain applications accelerates, "Blockchain+" business has become the focus of development for Internet backbone enterprises to enter the blockchain industry. In addition to financial business, it actively deploys the Internet, traceability, supply chain & logistics, digital assets, government affairs and public services, intellectual property, and law. , medical and other fields of application. Among them, finance is the most explored field in the application scenarios of blockchain technology, with specific projects implemented in subdivided fields such as supply chain finance, trade finance, payment and settlement, and fund management.

4. The number of blockchain tenders is increasing year by year

From a year perspective, from 2016 to 2020, the number of government tenders for blockchain-related projects has been growing exponentially. , on the one hand, it benefits from the increasingly prominent application value of blockchain technology, and on the other hand, it also reflects the government’s increased demand for and emphasis on blockchain.

Industry competition status

1. Regional competition: Beijing and Guangdong have the most blockchain technology research and development-related companies

In terms of company distribution, as of the first half of 2021 , the distribution of enterprises is obviously tiered. Among them, Beijing and Guangdong rank in the first echelon with 348 and 341 blockchain development-related companies respectively, and the number of companies in Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Zhejiang reaches 164, 127, and 81 respectively.

As an important carrier for the development of blockchain industrial clusters, local governments are accelerating the construction of blockchain industrial parks. Judging from the location distribution of industrial parks, there are a large number of blockchain industrial parks in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Qingdao, and Changsha, forming a Bohai Rim agglomeration effect dominated by Beijing and Shandong, with Zhejiang and Shanghai , the agglomeration effect of the Yangtze River Delta dominated by Jiangsu, the agglomeration effect of the Pearl River Delta dominated by Guangdong, and the agglomeration effect of Hunan, Guizhou, and Chongqing dominated by Chongqing and Hunan. Combined with the positioning and development of the industrial park, it is based on the premise of serving enterprises to create a blockchain innovation platform and industrial highland. This positioning also provides the basis for the aggregation effect of enterprises.

2. Enterprise competition: Alibaba’s blockchain is the strongest

In March 2021, at the China Mobile Communications Federation Blockchain Professional Committee and the China Science and Technology System Reform Research Association Under the guidance of the Digital Economy Development Research Group and the Organizing Committee of China’s Top 100 Blockchain Enterprises List, Chain Tower Think Tank screened and evaluated thousands of projects and enterprise lists, and finally released the 2020 China’s Top 100 Blockchain Enterprises List.

In the context of the outbreak of the epidemic in 2020, the 2020 Blockchain Top 100 List has adjusted the dimensions of enterprise inspection to a certain extent to highlight the performance of outstanding blockchain companies in 2020. It is divided into five main dimensions, namely, the weight of commercial operations accounts for 25%;The weight of technology research and development accounts for 20%, the weight of product application accounts for 30%, the weight of team composition accounts for 15% and the weight of marketing promotes 10%.

Industry development prospects and trend predictions

1. It is still in the introduction period

Currently, my country’s blockchain industry is in the introduction period, and the industry is showing Two main characteristics: First, large industry companies are actively applying blockchain technology to improve their own businesses, but they are still mainly trying, and the main application scenarios are also non-core businesses in the industry. For example, enterprises such as Ping An of China, China UnionPay, and Ant Financial are limited to non-core businesses in their exploration of blockchain applications; secondly, the business development of enterprises focusing on blockchain technology services is mostly in the initial stage, and their product technology systems and The business model is not mature enough, and the demand side’s understanding of blockchain needs to be improved. Blockchain has already formed some application cases in scenarios such as judicial certificate storage, government affairs management, people's livelihood services, food traceability, supply chain management, etc., but it still needs to be further optimized and improved.

The above data refers to the "China Blockchain Industry Market Foresight and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute.

㈥ What is blockchain and how to make money with blockchain

Blockchain is a new application of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. model. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system.

How to make money in the blockchain:

1. Earn commissions through promotion.

The blockchain approach is to first register an exchange account, generate your own invitation link, and then promote it. If someone registers the exchange through your link and generates transactions, you will get a commission.

2. Coin speculation.

Speculating in currencies is like speculating in stocks. Coin speculation is the lowest threshold way to make money in the blockchain.

3. Mining.

"Mining" in Bitcoin is the accounting process. This process requires grabbing, and if you grab the opportunity to bookkeeping rights, you will be rewarded, and the reward is Bitcoin. This behavior is "mining".

4. Develop wallet.

The wallet is the infrastructure of the blockchain, just like the "Alipay" or "WeChat Pay" of the blockchain.

Extended information:

1. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the bottom layer of Bitcoin. technology. The blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction and is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

2. Blockchain was born from Satoshi Nakamoto’s Bitcoin. Since 2009, various Bitcoin-like digital currencies have appeared, all based on public blockchains.

3. On January 20, 2016, the Chinese peopleThe Bank Digital Currency Seminar announced the initial results of digital currency research. The meeting affirmed the value of digital currency in reducing the issuance of traditional currency and stated that the central bank is exploring the issuance of digital currency. The expression of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Seminar has greatly enhanced the confidence of the digital currency industry. This is the first time that the five central bank ministries and commissions have expressed a clear attitude towards digital currencies since they issued a notice on preventing Bitcoin risks on December 5, 2013.

Blockchain - Network

㈦ What is Data Blockchain (BlockChain)

What is Data Blockchain (BlockChain)?

1. Data blockchain is an important concept in the Bitcoin financial system. It records transaction record data on the entire Bitcoin network, and these data are shared by all Bitcoin nodes. Through data blocks, we can Query the history of every Bitcoin transaction.
2. Example:
There are three persons A, B and C. All the funds of A and B are kept by C. And every financial transaction must be recorded by C. Now assume that A and B each have 1 million in custody of C. Then:
A spends 80,000 yuan to B, then C’s record in the account book will subtract 80,000 yuan from A’s name, and add 80,000 yuan to B’s name.
If B transfers 50,000 yuan to A, then C will add 50,000 yuan to A’s name in the account book, and subtract 50,000 yuan to B’s name.
A spends 50,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 50,000 yuan from A's name, and add 50,000 yuan to B's name.
3. The function of the data blockchain is similar to that of C’s account record book. It records the user’s ownership of Bitcoin and the records of all users’ transactions in Bitcoin. It’s just that this “account record book” is recorded by the mining software of every Bitcoin miner on the Internet. If a Bitcoin transaction is confirmed by the data blockchain, the relevant information will be recorded in the data blockchain. Bitcoin’s “account record book” is called the data blockchain. All data blockchains on the Internet form Bitcoin’s decentralized network database system.
4. The essence of data blockchain technology is a decentralized and decentralized structure of data storage, transmission and certification methods. Data blocks replace the current Internet's reliance on central servers, making all Data changes or transaction projects are recorded on a cloud system, which theoretically realizes self-certification of data during data transmission. In a far-reaching sense, this goes beyond the traditional and conventional need to rely on the formalization of information verification by a center, and reduces the cost The establishment cost of global "credit", this point-to-point verification will produce a "basic protocol", which is a new form of decentralized artificial intelligence and will establish a new interface and shared interface between human brain intelligence and machine intelligence.

What is data blockchain (BlockChain)? How to explain it in an easy-to-understand manner

Blockchain is a decentralized data storage and peer-to-peer transmissionNew application models of computer technologies such as transmission, consensus mechanisms, and encryption algorithms. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system. Shanghai Heshu Software Co., Ltd. is an innovative technology enterprise focusing on the R&D and application of blockchain technology and a professional blockchain technology service provider. The team has been developing blockchain technology since 2016 and has conducted in-depth research on blockchain encryption algorithms, consensus mechanism network security, decentralized, peer-to-peer and other blockchain technology fields.

What is data blockchain (BlockChain), and what is its relationship with today’s big data?

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as decentralized data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system. Heshu Software is an innovative technology enterprise focusing on the R&D and application of blockchain technology and a professional blockchain technology service provider. The team has been developing blockchain technology since 2016 and has conducted in-depth research on blockchain encryption algorithms, consensus mechanism network security, decentralized, peer-to-peer and other blockchain technology fields.

What is blockchain (Blockchain) technology?

Blockchain technology, referred to as BT (Blockchain technology), also known as distributed ledger technology, is an Internet database technology that is characterized by decentralization, openness and transparency, allowing everyone to Participation database records.
You can go to Duoyuan.com to learn more

What is Blockchain?

is a public list of all transactions that have been sent, which ensures that everyone knows the true owner (address) of each Bitcoin. All fully functional nodes on the network will retain a copy of the blockchain.
Block is an independent unit on the blockchain. Each block contains the hash value of the previous block (so it is impossible for someone to remove or modify any block on the blockchain without causing some of the hashes in the blockchain to mismatch), and also There are as many unconfirmed transactions as can be found on the Internet, and a number called a nonce. Someone who is building a block must find a suitable nonce so that the hash value of the block is below a certain threshold (the target value). This can only be done by trying all the nonces one after another. number until a random number that produces the desired hash value is found. The lower the target value, the harder it is to find a suitable random number. Block creation is intentionally made so difficult to prevent someone from spending Bitcoin and then creating and advancing his own blockchain that does not contain the transaction that shows the Bitcoin has been spent, a wipe. The transaction record just now allows him to spend the Bitcoin twice. When a valid block is created, itWill be distributed to the entire network, and then start looking for the next block based on this block.

What is blockchain and what is big data

1. Blockchain: It is a new type of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Application mode. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin, mentioned in the "2014-2016 Global Bitcoin Development Research Report" released by the Internet Finance Laboratory of Tsinghua University PBC School of Finance and Sina Technology. Blockchain is the underlying technology and infrastructure of Bitcoin [2]. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction and is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. .
2. Big data: refers to a collection of data that cannot be captured, managed and processed with conventional software tools within a certain time range. It requires new processing models to have stronger decision-making power, insight discovery and process optimization capabilities. massive, high-growth and diversified information assets.

What is blockchain? What is a blockchain phone?

The concept of blockchain is so popular! Will blockchain technology become a new trend?

In recent years, the development ecosystem of blockchain has gradually been improved and enriched. Industry insiders believe that with national policy support, widespread attention and financial support, blockchain technology can achieve gradual and stable progress. Although the upside prospects of blockchain technology are broad, we must remain calm about this.

What is the relationship between blockchain and big data? Will blockchain replace big data?

The relationship between blockchain and big data is not very big. Big data is mainly about managing massive data, and the core of blockchain is to achieve high security and reliability of data without centralized intermediaries. Jinwowo Network Technology
Therefore, blockchain and big data do not conflict with each other, nor will they replace them. They are completely different solutions for data in different scenarios.

Does anyone know about the Tepleton project?

Tepleton is a new financial solution based on the underlying cross-chain technology. It is a blockchain that prioritizes serving the financial industry. The value network will empower cutting-edge financial fields such as trust, banking, insurance, securities, and leasing. The DPoS consensus mechanism combined with the Byzantine fault-tolerant security consensus can not only effectively ensure the rapid circulation and transmission of information and transactions on the main chain, but also ensure that the entire network will not be destroyed by malicious attackers by isolating the Center (hub) and Area (partition) from each other. , which combines the characteristics of security, high performance and consistency. Blockchain new finance (FinBlockchain) concept, the abbreviation of Finance+Blockchain, defines it as "an open, credible, efficient, and decentralized new financial era based on the underlying technology of the blockchain."

Technical features of Tepleton

The Tepleton protocol is a full-asset decentralized underlying cross-chain protocol. Its technical features include the use of a DPoS algorithm combined with Byzantine fault tolerance, which can not only effectively ensure the rapid circulation and transmission of information and transactions on the main chain, but also ensure that the main chain will not be attacked by malicious saboteurs through Center and Area isolation, which is both safe and secure. features of flexibility, high performance, and consistency.

Due to the consideration of being the first to be implemented in the financial field, the industry's PoW consensus mechanism has low performance and the network is prone to congestion, resulting in the financial industry's needs for fast settlement and high-frequency manipulation being unable to be realized. The Tepleton protocol adopts the DPoS algorithm combined with Byzantine fault tolerance, which can not only effectively ensure the rapid circulation and transmission of information and transactions on the main chain, but also ensure that the main chain will not be attacked by malicious saboteurs through Center and Area isolation, with both security and high performance. , consistency characteristics. Tepleton adopts optimal Byzantine fault tolerance using majority voting (more than two-thirds) and locking mechanisms to ensure its security. To cause a security problem, a saboteur must have more than one-third of the voting power and submit more than two values.

Tepleton uses an architecture of two components, Center and Area, to establish the connection of the entire blockchain network. Center is the center of cross-chain connections, and all cross-chain transactions are processed uniformly through the Center. Area is a different partition, connected to the Center through the IBC protocol. If different chains want to conduct cross-chain transactions, they only need to be agented through the Center. Both Center and Area are based on Warren's blockchain, and WarrenCore serves as a consensus engine to enable each Area to run normally. WarrenCore shares blocks and transactions between nodes, as well as establishing a canonical transaction sequence. The IBC protocol is used for message and value transfer between Center and Area. Relying on the timely and final characteristics of the IBC protocol, the IBC protocol is used for the circulation and messaging of tokens between Center and Area.

The first Area of ​​Tepleton is defined as Tepleton Center. Tepleton Center is a multi-asset crypto network that enables network adaptation and upgrades. Tepleton Center is set up with 95 nodes. 95 nodes are elected by voting to jointly decide which Areas can be connected to the Center.

Due to the interoperability between Areas, the Tepleton protocol creates a financial internet network with great potential. assets consist of differentThe verifier is issued and controlled, and can realize the rapid settlement and acceptance of assets without relying on a trusted third party. It also provides network conditions for seamless transfer and transaction of cross-chain assets. The Tepleton protocol inherits the technical advantages of Cosmos, while making improvements in performance, response time, processing times per second, etc., thus developing an underlying technical architecture more suitable for quantification.

For existing blockchains, there is a lack of finality required for Tepleton inter-chain communication. In order to solve the communication problems between these public chains, Tepleton designed the proxy chain Proxy Area as a relay connection. Connected to Center through IBC to achieve cross-chain.

TEP - the only proof of equity and application scenarios of Tepleton ecology

Tepleton Token, referred to as TEP, is the only equity token of Tepleton ecology and will be used for the value circulation of equity proof and construction in all future ecosystems. Tepleton will first issue initial tokens based on the Ethereum ERC-20 protocol, and then perform mapping conversion after the mainnet is launched. The total amount of TEP is set to 1 billion, which is written into the smart contract and will never be issued. Every quarter, Tepleton will use 40% of the entire ecological income to repurchase the TEP tokens circulating in the market, and will use the repurchased tokens. The certificates will be destroyed to ensure that there will be no token currency in the market until the final total remaining TEP is 50 million.

TEP is a value carrier. Each application scenario accesses or directly uses a certain amount of TEP, or defines its own token and exchanges it with TEP at a certain ratio. With the gradual enrichment of application scenarios, TEP is used and consumed more and more, and the value of TEP is also increasing. And TEP has transaction attributes. Each same/cross-chain transaction on TEP requires a small transaction fee. Dapp applications on TEP also need to use TEP to mortgage and purchase resources. TEP supports smart contracts and can assist in quantified transactions and cross-border payments. implement. In addition, TEP has an incentive mechanism. Through a positive incentive plan, TEP encourages miners to actively provide system verification transactions, create blocks, and use economic means to generate positive feedback that can promote the continuous development of the system. The token will be used as a reward to encourage the community to continue to contribute to the system.

TEP has many application scenarios. Users can use any mainstream digital asset to purchase AI quantified deep brain to earn income conveniently. If you use TEP to purchase, you can enjoy corresponding discounts. Users are allowed to use any mainstream digital assets to purchase platform funds to earn income, but some limited-time high-yield stable funds will be limited to TEP purchases. In addition, using TEP also includes the purchase of quantitative insurance, investment strategy income distribution, partner equity mortgage, margin mortgage for providing strategies, ecological incentives and other benefits.

Team Introduction

Jaden Tao

Founder and CEO

Blockchain international cutting-edge, double master's degree in business analysis and economics from UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), World Economic Forum Outstanding Youth Community member, serial entrepreneur, entered the blockchain industry in 2016, has As the CEO of BeiPoP, he has rich experience in blockchain industry knowledge and project operation management. Chairman of the STO International Alliance, an early digital currency investor and evangelist, has participated in the early investment and international layout of many outstanding projects around the world.

Gen Chia

Co-founder and COO

Joined the blockchain industry in 2015, founded blockchain companies such as Dream City and Idol Dream, and worked in both CEO or COO, with rich operational experience, helping many companies raise more than ten million US dollars. Graduated from the National University of Singapore with a double degree in business management and economics. He is a project research specialist at the National University of Singapore's School of Literature and Social Sciences. He is the initiator of the global blockchain brand operation community and the first person to propose the "community snowball" theory. Founder of the Blockchain Consulting and Financial Services Alliance of Singapore (BAFS), with members from all over the world. A pioneer in cross-border blockchain cooperation, he has provided cross-border financial and consulting services to dozens of international companies, and has been deeply involved in the IPO and investment M&A operations of many Singapore and Hong Kong companies. It has abundant government resources in Southeast Asia and has a keen sense and unique understanding of the social value, commercial value and application value of blockchain technology.

Bruno Miguel Mendes Santos Moreira Monteiro

Co-founder and CTO

Currently CTO of Tepleton core development team, graduated from the University of Porto majoring in computer science and economics, UK Master of Finance from Middlesex University, London. He has successively worked in London, UK, Apollo (insurance management), Shawbrook Bank, TP ICAP (Interdealer Broker), Funding Circle, JP Morgan & Chase, Coinbase and other companies as CTO or key technical positions. Proficient in English, Portuguese, French, and Italian, he began to pay attention to the encrypted digital industry in 2013. He has published papers such as "Imagination on Transforming the Underlying Architecture of Blockchain" and "Outline of the Direction of Blockchain in the Field of Quantitative Finance". There is in-depth research on underlying technology and blockchain finance. He has independently developed the K2rco strategy and achieved short-term gains of up to 458%. He is a Portuguese quantitative trading master who is good at using code to solve problems in the financial field. He is a top financial architect in the blockchain and an expert in the financial security control of underlying codes. One of the core development team members of AI Quantitative Deep Brain.

Taiwo Ogunseye

Senior Technology Architect

TeplSenior architect of the eton core development team. He came into contact with blockchain and Bitcoin in 2013. He is a top blockchain engineer and technical geek. He graduated from the University of East London and the University of Houston and received master's degrees in computer and business management respectively. He has worked at CollaboGate. , Debit, Amazon, Tezos UK, Apple and many other well-known companies as technical senior positions and technical consultants. He has organized and participated in hackathons many times and won the season championship many times. An early research expert and builder of Name-coin technology, the first branch of Bitcoin, and an early proposer of the DPoS + Byzantine fault-tolerance hybrid mechanism, he once co-founded an open source PoolWell.

Belokamensky

Technical Engineer (Technical Engineer)

Graduated from Lviv Business School and has worked in world-renowned companies such as Adidas, Nike, and Sberbank. With 15 years of experience in Internet technology development and 4 years of decentralized development experience, he has participated in the development of multiple digital currency exchanges, wallets and Dapps as a technical director or engineer. He has led the development of a number of Internet products that have ranked first in paid App Store rankings. Proficient in front-end and back-end design and development of Internet products and blockchain products, and has profound insights into the Internet, blockchain, big data, and artificial intelligence.