区块链每一个节点都没有差别吗,区块链每一个节点都没有差别对吗

Is a node in the blockchain a block?

Jinwowo analysis: A node is actually a computer (server) connected to the blockchain , any Internet-connected computer can access the blockchain, so there are countless nodes on the blockchain; however, the blocks on the blockchain are limited, that is, one block is generated every 10 minutes, and when a certain number is reached, No more new additions will be made.

㈡ What are the characteristics of blockchain

1. Openness, consensus, anyone can participate in the blockchain network, every device can be used as a node, and every Nodes are allowed to obtain a complete copy of the database, and the nodes jointly maintain the entire blockchain through competitive calculations based on a set of consensus mechanisms.
2. Decentralization and trustless mechanism. The blockchain consists of many nodes forming a point-to-point network. There is no centralized equipment and management organization. The data interaction between nodes is verified through digital signature technology. There is no Trust is required, and you only need to follow the set rules. There is no problem of deception or distrust between nodes.
3. The transaction is transparent and both parties are anonymous. The operating rules of the blockchain are open and transparent, and all data information is also public. Each transaction is publicly visible to all nodes. Since there is no trust between nodes, Therefore, nodes do not need to disclose their identities, and each participating node is anonymous.
4. It cannot be tampered with and is traceable. Modifications to the database by a single node or even multiple nodes cannot affect the databases of other nodes. Every transaction in the blockchain is cryptographically linked to two adjacent nodes. Blocks are concatenated so that all records of each transaction can be traced.

㈢Characteristics of blockchain technology

The five basic characteristics of blockchain technology are as follows:
1. Characteristics of blockchain technology 1: distributed database
Every party on the blockchain has access to the entire database and its complete history. No single party controls the data or information. Each party can directly verify the records of its trading partners without the need for a middleman.
2. Blockchain technology feature 2: Peer-to-peer transmission
Communication occurs directly between peers, rather than through a central node. Each node stores and forwards information to all other nodes.
3. Blockchain technology feature three: Transparent anonymity
Any user with access to the system can see each transaction and its associated value. Each node or user on the blockchain has a unique address consisting of more than 30 letters and numbers, which is used to identify itself. Users can choose to remain anonymous or provide proof of their identity to others. The addition of the blockchain occurs at one of these addresses.
4. Blockchain technology feature four: Irreversibility of records
Once a transaction is entered in the database and an account is updated, the records cannot be changed because they are linked to every transaction record before them (hence the name "chain"). Various algorithms are used to ensure that the records in the database are permanent, chronologically ordered, and relevant to the network.All other nodes on the network are accessible.
5. Features of Blockchain Technology Five: Computational Logic
The digital nature of the ledger means that blockchain transactions can be associated with computational logic and are essentially programmable. Therefore, users can set algorithms and rules that automatically trigger transactions between nodes.
Extended information:
Blockchain is a chain composed of blocks one after another. Each block stores a certain amount of information, and they are connected into a chain in the order in which they were generated. This chain is saved in all servers. As long as one server in the entire system can work, the entire blockchain is safe. These servers are called nodes in the blockchain system, and they provide storage space and computing power support for the entire blockchain system. If you want to modify the information in the blockchain, you must obtain the consent of more than half of the nodes and modify the information in all nodes. These nodes are usually in the hands of different subjects, so it is extremely difficult to tamper with the information in the blockchain. thing. Compared with traditional networks, blockchain has two core characteristics: data is difficult to tamper with and decentralized. Based on these two characteristics, the information recorded in the blockchain is more authentic and reliable, and can help solve the problem of people's mutual distrust.

㈣ Is the content stored in each block of the blockchain the same? If not, what should I do if a certain block of the blockchain is broken?

The information of each block in the blockchain is different, and the time and data recorded in each block are different. You can think of the blockchain as an accounting book. Every once in a while, someone will write all the cross-key transaction information on the blockchain network into one page of the ledger, page by page, as per All transactions on the blockchain network are recorded sequentially over time.
On the other hand, all nodes participating in this network (simply put, computers) will store this ledger and update it in real time. Even if a node fails, it will not affect the blockchain.

㈤ Is there a blockchain for every Bitcoin in the Bitcoin blockchain? Does each node have complete blockchain data?

What is the Bitcoin blockchain? Does 1 Bitcoin have a blockchain? No, blocks store transactions. In the early stage, if you successfully create a block, you will get a coin. In the later stage, you can only get the fees paid by the transaction. A currency is a string of digital signatures sent by the previous owner to the recipient. Everyone can see who owns the currency from the transaction.
Does each node have complete blockchain data? The node you are talking about refers to a user node? A user node needs to retain a copy of the block header of the longest proof-of-work chain, so if it knows the data of all block headers, it can move forward to know the data on all blockchains, but not all of them are saved. A block header is very small, only 80 bytes, and can be saved because the generation of nodes is very slow. Even if it changes over time, the volume is not too large now.

㈥ BlockchainWhat are the characteristics?

Blockchain characteristics: 1. Security: not attacked by any person or entity; 2. No information can be tampered with; 3. Traceable, all nodes in the network can access; 4. Decentralized, no third parties. Regarding blockchain news, you can learn about it at Crypto Finance.

㈦ What is blockchain mining and what does it do? Detailed introduction to blockchain and virtual currency

When Bitcoin was first released, people discovered that it was decentralized and not It is controlled by any center; it is completely open, except for the encryption of transaction information, the entire system information is highly transparent, and the technology is open source; security, as long as you cannot control %51 of all nodes, you cannot modify the data arbitrarily, which makes it relatively safe ; Independence, the entire model and Bitcoin do not rely on any third party, all nodes verify and exchange data within the system without any intervention

Here we explain in detail what blockchain technology is, to put it bluntly It’s block + chain, so what is “block”? What is a "chain" again?

A block is a ledger. Transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervising the legality of the transaction, and at the same time Can jointly testify for it

Each block contains the cryptographic hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually a hash value calculated using the Merkle tree algorithm) represents), such a design makes the block content difficult to tamper with. The distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties, and can permanently verify this transaction.

The function of the hash function h(): convert a string of any length into a fixed-length (for example, 256 bits) output. The output is also called a hash value. This output is irreversible

It is difficult to find two different x and y such that h(x) = h(y), that is, two different inputs, There will be different output. Theoretically, two different inputs may have different outputs, but this is almost impossible. For example, if an infinite space is mapped to a finite space, there must be a many-to-one situation. The theory exists, but there are no rules. It is guaranteed that you cannot find this result through any mathematical inference. Why is it 256 bits here? Isn't it longer? Because 256 bits are secure enough.

Split the ledger into blocks. For example, a piece of paper in a book is a block. Each block records transactions within a period of time, such as 10 minutes.

We divide Each piece of paper is likened to a block. A part of content is added to each block. We call it a block header, which records the hash value of the parent block. Each block stores the hash value of the parent block. , connect all blocks smoothly to form a blockchain

The hash value of block 1 is recorded in the block header of block 2. In this way, the block header of each block records the hash value of the parent block. Each block is linked in order. This is called Blockchain. The first block has no block header and is also called the genesis block

The blockchain is a ledger. Only when transactions occur in the ledger will the money in your account increase. If you need to make a transaction, you first need an account number and password. Just like your bank card has an account number and password, others can make a transfer to you. The account password on the block ledger is the public key and private key

Lao Wang (who already has a private key and a public key) wants to transfer 10 BTC to Zhang, which requires some operations

It is proved that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer signature function Sign (Lao Wang’s private key + Transfer information: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) = signature of this special account
The verification is that Lao Wang himself issued the transfer verification function Verify (Lao Wang’s address + Transfer details: Lao Wang transferred 10 BTC to Zhang San) + Signature of this transfer) = true
Once the transfer is recorded in the block, no one can change it. Zhang San will increase it by 10 BTC, and Lao Wang will decrease it by 10 BTC accordingly. The entire operation is automatic, such as your wallet The app will help you do this. The app knows your private key, you tell the wallet the transaction content, the wallet signature is announced to the entire network, and it waits for others to verify the transaction

Centralized accounting The efficiency will be higher. Banks, governments or Alipay can help you keep accounts, which is very reliable, because they can't touch your money unless they have your private key

There are some disadvantages in centralized accounting< /p>

In decentralization, everyone can keep accounts, and everyone can keep a complete ledger. Anyone can download open source programs, participate in Bitcoin's p2p network, monitor transactions sent from all over the world, become an accounting node, and participate in accounting. Suppose Xiaoyi releases a transaction and broadcasts it to the entire network, and accounting node A listens. When this transaction arrives, A verifies that the transaction bit is true and puts it into the transaction pool to continue spreading to other nodes. Because it is spread through the network, the transaction pools of different accounting nodes are not necessarily the same at the same time. Every 10 minutes, from all accounting nodes Among the nodes, select one according to a certain method. After verifying that the transaction of this node is true, then compare the transaction records in the transaction pool of this selected node with the transaction records in the transaction pool of your own (A) node. The comparison is completed. After that, the transactions recorded by the selected accounting nodes will be deleted from the own transaction pool, and the other accounting nodes will continue to record and wait for the next selection. There is a cycle every 10 minutes. During this 10 minutes, all accounting nodes will record accounts normally. , after 10 minutes, a node will be selected to use the transactions in its transaction pool as a new block. This block comes from one of all the accounting nodes that I randomly selected.The transaction pool of the accounting node repeats this cycle

The transaction is not completed when it is recorded. Only when the transaction becomes a certain block, the transaction is truly completed. This is a complete accounting process of decentralization. Your transaction will not be recorded immediately because the p2p network propagation takes time. If the node of the selected block has not received your transaction, the transaction will be not done. A block is generated every 10 minutes, but not all transactions within 10 minutes can be recorded. 10 minutes is just an average value

Due to the characteristics of decentralized accounting, accounting nodes with accounting rights will receive a 50BTC reward every ten minutes, which is about the same for every 210,000 blocks. In 4 years, the reward is halved. Bitcoin has been halved twice since its issuance. Then a new block is generated every ten minutes. The reward for this accounting node is 10.5 BTC. If it is halved every 4 years, the total number of BTC can be calculated. The amount is approximately 21 million, and it is expected to be mined in 2040. Recording the reward of a block is also the only way to issue Bitcoin. When BTC is mined, the only income that the accounting node can obtain is the transaction fee.

Accounting nodes compete for accounting rights through questions,

Find a certain random number that makes the equation invalid
SHA256 hash function (random number + parent block hash value + Transactions in the transaction pool) A certain specified value)
There is no other solution except traversing the random numbers starting from 0 and trying luck. The process of solving the problem is also called mining, so the accounting node that solves this problem is also called mining. It’s called a miner. The faster you traverse random numbers, the greater the possibility of getting the accounting rights. This traversal speed is called computing power by mine bosses. In order to obtain this computing power, mine bosses will Purchase more mining machines with higher computing power

Whoever solves the problem correctly first will get the accounting rights. Accounting node A is the first to find the solution, which is announced to the entire network. After other nodes verify that it is correct, node A obtains the block, gains 12.5 BTC, and restarts a new round of calculation after the new block. This method is called (POW) allocating accounting rights

It usually takes about 10 minutes to solve this random number. 10 is not absolute, because the process of solving this problem is a process of luck. In response to changes in computing power in the future, Bitcoin will increase or decrease the difficulty every 2016 blocks, about two weeks, so that the average block generation time is ten minutes

Each block contains The encrypted hash of the previous block, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data (usually represented by a hash value calculated by the Merkle tree algorithm) are included. This design makes the block content difficult to tamper with. The distributed ledgers connected by blockchain technology can effectively record transactions between two parties, and can permanently verify this transaction.

Different from traditional stored data, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Each node of the blockchain stores independently and has equal status. Relying on The consensus mechanism ensures storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through a central node.

Mahjong is a traditional Chinese blockchain project. A group of four miners work together. The miner who first collides with the correct hash value of 13 numbers can obtain the accounting rights and be rewarded.

Many people say that blockchain is a scam and Bitcoin is a scam. This may be a scam, but this technology has been widely recognized and applied. The cryptography knowledge involved in blockchain can only be used by ordinary people. Even if you don’t understand it, the most important thing is to look at the problem from a relatively rational perspective. Don’t let the wind be the rain.

There is something incredible about this technology. It maintains absolute order without a center or supervision. This is the trust that only needs to be established by everyone’s consensus. Bitcoin created this consensus. In the blockchain In the world everyone is fair and equal.