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『一』What is the Internet of Things, what is blockchain, what is big data

The development of blockchain to this day has already extended from the initial financial transactions to all Application projects that require intermediaries for guarantee or certification, such as house transactions, car sales, etc., can even integrate blockchain technology with other application services through API connection, thereby accelerating the production of various innovative applications. It may even help accelerate the development of IoT applications.

The earliest application of blockchain is Bitcoin. Blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. It is like a database ledger, and the ledger also contains data from Bitcoin. All transaction records since then include multiple block records. Each block corresponds to a part of the transaction and records the hash value of the previous block, forming a chain-like data structure.

Many experts believe that the emergence of blockchain technology solves the missing link in the security, privacy and reliability issues of the Internet of Things. It can be used to track billions of interconnected devices, facilitate transactions and collaborative processing between devices, and save a lot of costs for the IoT industry. This decentralized approach will eliminate single points of failure and create a more reliable of devices running the ecosystem. At the same time, the encryption algorithm used in the blockchain can also bring higher privacy to consumer data.

The advantage of the blockchain is that it is public, and every network participant can see the blocks and the transaction information stored in them. However, this does not mean that everyone can see your actual transaction content, which is protected by your private key.

Blockchain is decentralized. There is therefore no single authority that can approve transactions or set special rules for the receipt of transactions. This means that there is a huge amount of trust between participants, so all network participants must reach a consensus to receive transactions.

The more important point is that the blockchain is very secure. This kind of data can only be continuously expanded, and previous records cannot be changed. And the ledger used by the blockchain is tamper-proof and cannot be manipulated by criminals. This ledger is not located in a specific location and cannot be attacked on middlemen because no single communication thread can be intercepted. .

Blockchain can be applied to the Internet of Things to ensure information security. For example, manufacturers of equipment and instruments can use blockchain technology to trace back the manufacturer, production date, manufacturing batch number and even the manufacturer of each component. Other information on the manufacturing process to ensure the transparency and plasticity of the entire machine production process, effectively improve the availability of the overall system and components, and thereby ensure the safety of the operation of equipment and instruments.

The unique consensus mechanism of the blockchain connects various devices through a point-to-point method, rather than through a central processor. Each device maintains consensus and does not require central verification, thus ensuring When a node has a problem, it will not affect the overall data security of the network.

Now, with the blockchainAs technology continues to develop and heat up, Shenzhen Beihang Internet of Things Research Institute (www.buaaiot.org) believes that it will also change and integrate into various industries in its own unique way. The birth of blockchain technology has made various algorithms more efficient. Its decentralized principles and distributed computing rules allow everything to be connected and calculated in seconds, and prevent hackers from attacking data. All kinds of assets can be realized in the area. Registration, transactions and data on the block can never be tampered with or reversed. This intangible charm allows various assets to gather on the block.

『二』What are the applications of blockchain technology in the Internet of Things

The application of blockchain in the Internet of Things can mainly solve the following problems: solve security risks, protect user privacy; reduce IoT operating costs.
In fact, there are many specific applications, but they are all in the process of development and research and development. It can be said that blockchain technology is still not mature. Among many companies, Yingtang Zhongchuang has developed more applications of blockchain technology, which has a certain impact on the future development of the Internet of Things.

『三』 Energy Blockchain Research | The Internet of Things can improve the efficiency of cryptocurrency mining

Everyone who understands cryptocurrency knows the shortcomings of this currency, and its impact on The environment bears the brunt of the impact. Is it possible to mine cryptocurrencies in a green and ethical way? If so, what role will the Internet of Things play in this shift?

Can the Internet of Things be mined?

People started talking about using the Internet of Things for cryptocurrency mining a few years ago. Mining, these discussions have mostly come in the form of warnings: Bad actors could compromise an IoT device and turn it into a distributed cryptocurrency mining network.

Cryptocurrency mining requires powerful central processing units and consumes a lot of energy. Can IoT devices be used to mine cryptocurrency?

Mirai is a household name in the cybersecurity world, but the term is often synonymous with DDoS attacks. IBM's investigation in 2017 found that subsequent Mirai cyberattacks were designed to deploy Bitcoin miner slaves on compromised IoT devices. IBM didn't draw specific conclusions about the effectiveness of leveraging IoT devices, but the concept is intriguing.

Are there other ways IoT, cryptocurrencies, and blockchain can impact each other’s performance?

The Impact of IoT on Cryptocurrency Mining

In Not long after IBM's discovery came out, Avast came to a similar conclusion: This kind of use of the Internet of Things was not only possible, but profitable. Avast estimates that an attacker could mine approximately $1,000 worth of cryptocurrency in four days using 15,000 IoT gadgets simultaneously.

Using thousands of cryptocurrency mining rigs can reduce the overall power consumption and environmental impact of a single cryptocurrency mining operation. There is an anecdote about a tech blogger who set up and then forgot her device.Internet-connected devices, which were recovered and found to have generated thousands of dollars worth of tokens in the background for more than a year.

Using routers and hotspots as network hubs and cryptocurrency mining hubs has a bright future because it’s about efficiency and being green. After this person wrote about her experience, orders for related hotspot devices rose to 150,000 units. Compared to expensive CPUs and GPUs, the $400 price tag of this hotspot device is attractive to amateur miners who don’t want to spend a lot of money on cooling systems and graphics cards.

Technologies that make mining more environmentally friendly

Making cryptocurrency mining more environmentally friendly is not an easy task. A single Bitcoin transaction consumes approximately 1,544 kilowatt hours of electricity, which is enough electricity to power an average American household for more than fifty days. The total annual electricity consumption of the Bitcoin network may be as high as 75 terawatt hours.

Smarter climate control technology is one solution. Mining operations can have more granular control over their environment with ductless and mini-split systems. It is much easier to place these units exactly where they are needed, and one outdoor condenser can power multiple cooling units. These devices can save cryptocurrency miners a lot of energy.

As it stands, electricity is a major bottleneck restricting cryptocurrency mining. National and international leaders have prioritized building resilient smart grids in setting goals that rely on the Internet of Things to enable the two-way flow of power and data.

Building energy networks that use renewables and the Internet of Things to be more resilient and performant opens up opportunities for cryptocurrency miners. Some of the larger operations are opening factories in areas rich in solar and wind energy. Other miners work at night to offset the huge impact their operations have on energy consumption during peak electricity usage hours.

Take a mining operation in Texas, for example, that can profit from energy consumption by shutting down for just 30 minutes at a time during its hottest and most expensive days. At night, they can "operate as little as the board can handle" while selling back the contracted power supply to the utility company.

Blockchain and the Internet of Things: A fruitful combination

The Internet of Things and cryptocurrencies have found the right way to complement each other and complement each other. The combination of IoT and blockchain may bring fruitful results, and research and discussions around this topic are proceeding in different ways.

IoT devices rely on high-speed exchange and analysis of field data. Applying blockchain here ensures greater reliability of the system and greater security of data transmission. Autonomy is critical for business efficiency: with blockchain driving IoT interactions, devices can interact directly with each other without involving remote servers.

The technologies used in IoT and cryptocurrency respectively complement each other and bring out the best in each other.

National Energy Information Platform contact number: 010-65367702, email: [email protected], address: People's Daily, No. 2 Jintai West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

『四』 Blockchain + Internet of Things How it can be combined

In the "Internet of Things" - billions of previously silenced everyday items like refrigerators, door latches and lawn sprinklers. A recent IBM report titled "Device Democracy" concluded that it would be impossible and unwise to centrally track and manage these billions of dollars of devices; such an attempt would leave them vulnerable to hackers and Government supervision. Distributed registers seem like a good choice.
The Internet of Things uses blockchain as a communication bridge between things. In order to achieve this, we can use the programmability provided by
Ethereum, not only to allow people's property to be tracked and registered . It has some new uses. Under various method rules, car keys embedded in the Ethereum blockchain can be sold or rented, creating a new P2P for renting or sharing cars. Going further, some people talk about applying this technology to make self-driving cars a public resource for society. According to preset program rules, such vehicles can themselves store some digital money to pay for their rental fuel, maintenance and parking spaces.

『五』What are the differences between blockchain and the Internet of Things

Internet of Things technology allows tangible objects used in daily life to be connected to the Internet, transmit data through algorithms, and better Provide services to customers. The most intuitive manifestation of the current rapid development of IoT technology is the proliferation of smart devices such as televisions, furniture, and vacuum cleaners. Currently, there are already smart homes that are entirely operated by built-in algorithms.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.

The distributed nature of blockchain means it is resistant to most security issues. Blockchain systems’ advanced encryption provides better protection against hackers than traditional client-server systems. This is why online transactions using virtual currencies are very safe.

『Lu』The role of blockchain in the field of Internet of Things

To reduce operating costs, blockchain technology focuses on transmitting data through point-to-point direct connection, rather than through CPU. To reduce security risks, the core problem of IoT security lies in the lack of original mutual trust mechanism between devices. Efficient and intelligent network operation mechanism. Since the blockchain has decentralization and consensus mechanism, on the Internet of Things, cross-system data transmission will be transferred from the upper layer to the underlying blockchain.
The combination of blockchain technology and the Internet of Things can eliminate the audit and certification links between nodes, directly build a communication bridge for multiple parties, and improve network operation efficiency. At the same time, based on blockchainThe decentralized consensus mechanism can also ensure the security and privacy of the Internet of Things and facilitate the transmission of real information. In view of this, blockchain and the Internet of Things will truly come together and play the strongest voice of the Internet of Everything.
Hongqiao Hi-Tech’s blockchain industry-specific application design uses the integrity and correlation of trusted transaction data to form a closed-loop self-certification capability for data on the chain. Used to verify the authenticity of digital documents and transaction records, and to track the origin of products and merchandise throughout the supply chain. This data proving product authenticity and origin is generally used by businesses and financial institutions in the assessment and processing of credit and loans.

『撒』 How to combine blockchain with the Internet of Things

First of all, before realizing the combination of the two, we need to clearly know what they are.

Blockchain, basically appeared in front of everyone through the emergence of Bitcoin a few years ago. The essence of blockchain is a distributed data ledger, leaving behind those obscure and professional In technical terms, we can think of blockchain technology as an underlying code system in the Internet. This system has the characteristics of decentralization, openness, transparency, anonymity, and non-tamperability. Blockchain basically solves most trust problems in weak trust environments. It has a wide range of applications and can be combined with it in almost every field. It can even change the production relations among the three elements of our production.
The Internet of Things literally means "a network of connections between things". Its core is actually based on data communication between the Internet and offline sensor devices. The Internet of Things can be said to be the product of the extension of the Internet to offline. If the previous Internet era was an era of pure online information, then the Internet of Things will bring about a new Internet era that combines online + offline. The Internet of Everything will greatly change our production and life, improve and increase productivity.
So, how do blockchain and the Internet of Things combine? Perhaps there are different application scenarios in different industry segments. I recently saw that a technology company called Chaincmop has a smart agricultural and breeding management plan that uses IoT devices to monitor farm conditions and a blockchain system in agricultural breeding, which is very inspiring. For example, in the future, you can use IoT devices to conduct comprehensive detection of the temperature, humidity and seed status of seeds in granaries, and these data can be synchronized and encrypted using the distributed and encrypted characteristics of the blockchain, allowing monitoring Data is transmitted to each node more efficiently, and monitoring data can also be well protected from being tampered with during transmission.

『8』 In what areas can blockchain be applied?

I have seen your question. So, in what areas can blockchain be applied? The editor will answer it for you below.

Answer: Bitcoin is the first specific application of blockchain. It was proposed in a paper in 2008 by a person or group of people. Bitcoin uses blockchain to digitally send Bitcoins, and BitCoinThe name is Bitcoin without the intervention of a third-party middleman.

But Bitcoin is not the only application of blockchain, as follows:

1. Financial field: Applying blockchain technology to the financial industry can eliminate the need for third-party intermediaries. links to achieve direct point-to-point docking, thereby quickly completing transaction payments while greatly reducing costs.

2. Internet of Things and logistics fields: Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the fields of Internet of Things and logistics. Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved.

3. Public service field: Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields. However, the centralized nature of these fields also brings some problems. It can be used to distinguish Blockchain to transform.

4. Digital copyright field: Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership

< p>5. Insurance field: In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims.

6. Public welfare field: The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for use in social welfare scenarios. Relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation projects, fundraising details, fund flows, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain and transparently and publicly disclosed conditionally to facilitate social supervision.

The above is for your reference only, I hope you can adopt it, thank you!

『玖』 What is the difference between the Internet of Things, blockchain, and big data?

What is the difference between the Internet of Things, blockchain, and big data
In the near future, The number of IoT devices will explode. It may be hundreds of billions or trillions. If such a huge network is still managed in a centralized networking mode, the investment and maintenance of the data center infrastructure should be unnecessary. The method is estimated.
In essence, big data is a small branch of the database, so this problem can be attributed to the relationship with the database. Database is actually a very old research field in software, the Internet world, and the IT world. From the initial file system to the ER model, it later led to the three major achievements of traditional databases that everyone knows: relational model, transaction processing, and query optimization. , until the rise of the NOSql database after the Internet became popular, database technology continued to develop and change, including semi-structured, text, voice and other unstructured data processing represented by XML, etc.

The relationship between blockchain and database actually seems to be such a relationship. From the evolution of database technology, we can find that it always comes from how to meet new business needs. then createto develop new data processing technologies. For example, from the beginning of the file system, why do we need this model of ER? Because of the development of the financial industry, everyone has further needs for these fast accounting, high-concurrency data writing and access, which has led to The emergence and rapid development of the entity relationship model. Why did the NOSql database appear later? It is because the rapid development of the Internet has put forward higher and updated requirements for databases, so essentially we believe that the entire Internet is a large database.
Things are always evolving. Of course, after we solve the massive real-time data processing problems on the Internet through technologies such as NOSql database and cloud storage, the next problem must come, and that is how to solve it in a large-scale manner. Authenticity and validity of data.
For example, it may be related to our diet. From the issue of food and clothing at the beginning, to the issue of nutritional structure, and then to the food safety issue that everyone is concerned about, the development of the database is actually the same. When we pass the ER entity relationship Model, when the problems of data storage and data access can be well solved through the NOSql database, the next thing everyone should be concerned about and solve must be the issues of authenticity and validity.
So at this stage, these technologies represented by blockchain are definitely a new starting point and new requirements for data that are authentic, valid, unforgeable, and cannot be tampered with compared to the current database. . We can clearly feel that the integration trend of database and blockchain is actually very close and unstoppable, just like the movie and content production direction just mentioned began to develop in the direction of virtual reality and augmented reality; from the perspective of database , Blockchain is a new way of organizing data. We believe that big data and blockchain are two integrated.