区块链中的银联卡是什么,银联 区块链

银联区块链是一种利用区块链技术来支持银联支付的技术，它可以扩展银联的支付服务，提高支付的安全性，降低支付的成本，提升支付的效率。它可以扩展银联支付的服务范围，满足不同的支付需求，支持不同的支付方式，如信用卡，借记卡，网银支付等。

智能合约是银联区块链的一个重要组成部分，它是一种基于区块链的自动执行协议，可以实现自动化的支付和结算，可以自动完成交易，节省时间和成本。智能合约可以自动执行支付，可以实现自动确认支付，自动结算，节省时间和成本。

去中心化是银联区块链的另一个重要特点。它可以实现去中心化的支付，避免了第三方支付机构的参与，消除了中心化支付的风险，增强了支付的安全性。去中心化的支付可以节省时间和成本，提高支付的效率，提升支付的便利性。

私钥安全是银联区块链的另一个重要特点。它可以使用私钥来保护支付的安全性，确保支付的安全性，防止恶意攻击，增强支付的安全性。私钥安全可以保证支付的安全性，确保支付的安全性，可以更好地保护用户的资金安全。

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⑴ What type of blockchain deployment is generally used for cross-border payment in this blockchain?

Currently, cross-border payment in my country mainly includes four types of models: bank wire transfer, professional remittance company, International card organizations and third-party payment companies. Bank wire transfer is the most traditional and widely used cross-border payment method. Transaction information is usually transmitted through the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) system. It usually arrives within a few working days and costs dozens of dollars. It is mainly used for B2B and other large-amount remittances. Professional remittance companies usually cooperate with banks, post offices and other institutions to set up agents in their business outlets to expand their business scope. Some professional remittance companies can also provide services through Internet channels. Currently, the main ones in the Chinese market are Western Union, MoneyGram, and PayPal. , express remittance, etc., generally used for small-amount remittances. International card organizations such as VISA, MASTER CARD, China UnionPay, etc. mainly pay through online or offline card swiping methods, charging merchants a handling fee, and customers need to pay currency conversion fees. Third-party payment companies engaged in cross-border payment business in the domestic market can be divided into three categories: first, domestic non-bank payment institutions that have obtained the "Payment Business License" and cross-border payment business license, such as Alipay, Tenpay, etc.; Institutions that have obtained relevant licenses overseas but not domestic licenses, such as WorldFirst, etc.; third, companies that have not obtained relevant qualifications engage in cross-border payment business as agents of international card organizations or banks, such as PingPong, etc. Third-party payment companies charge merchants fees based on the transaction amount.

⑵ Is the bsn blockchain a national blockchain?

The bsn blockchain is a national blockchain.

On April 25, 2020, the Blockchain Service Network (BSN) was hosted by the National Information Center and co-organized by China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., China UnionPay Co., Ltd., and the Blockchain Service Network Development Alliance. The commercial launch conference was held in Beijing.

The National Blockchain Service Network (BSN) announced that it has officially entered the commercial stage and launched an overseas version public beta. This is the first time that BSN has officially entered the global commercial stage since it was officially released on October 15 last year and entered a six-month internal testing period.

Introduction to BSN

BSN is a blockchain public infrastructure. It encapsulates the operating environment, cloud resources, network communication and retrieval interfaces required for blockchain applications to form a complete set of one-stop solutions for blockchain application development, deployment and management. The BSN Alliance encourages enterprises or individuals to use the underlying capabilities of BSN to establish their own blockchain business models and serve their own customers.

In the "Blockchain Service Network Basics White Paper" written by the BSN Development Alliance, BSN is defined as a cross-cloud service, cross-portal, and cross-underlying framework for deploying and operating various blockchains Global infrastructure network for applications.

The initiators of BSN are not ordinary private enterprises or blockchain startups, butThe affiliated government agency, the National Information Center, also cooperates with state-owned communication giants such as China Mobile, China Telecom, and China UnionPay to build BSN, the national blockchain service network.

⑶ What is the purpose of the "UnionPay Global Quick Remittance Inquiry" service on mobile banking?

UnionPay Global Quick Remittance Preparation under the "Cross-border Collection" function of mobile banking The remittance inquiry function (including mobile banking IOS and ANDROID clients) allows customers, as the payee, to query the process of remittances initiated by Bielsukai people using UnionPay Global Express Remittance (the query data comes from China The global blockchain business platform jointly established by China Bank and UnionPay). The above content is for your reference, please refer to actual business regulations. If you have any questions, please feel free to consult Bank of China’s online customer service. We sincerely invite you to download and use Bank of China Mobile Banking APP or Bank of China Cross-border GO APP to handle related businesses.

⑷ What are the application scenarios of blockchain technology?

Blockchain technology has various application scenarios. Once popularized, the entire society will receive huge benefits.
1. Financial Services
The application of blockchain in the financial field has long been spread and is not a new thing. All over the world, the application of blockchain in financial technology has been widely concerned and highly valued.
In mainland China, China UnionPay signed a strategic cooperation agreement on mobile payment with Bank of China in early 2018 and explored cooperation in the field of blockchain. Later, it cooperated with JD.com to jointly launch the "Internet Financial Payment" based on blockchain. Security Alliance Risk Information Sharing (Distributed Query) Platform”.
In Hong Kong, China, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority was one of the first regulators to launch a sandbox to support financial innovation experiments including blockchain technology; the Hong Kong Monetary Authority also joined hands with the banking industry to launch "Trade Linkage" (eTradeConnect), this is the Hong Kong banking industry’s first large-scale trade finance information sharing platform that applies blockchain technology.
2. Judicial evidence storage
On September 18, 2018, the Hangzhou Internet Court was officially launched on the blockchain, becoming the first court in the world to use blockchain for trials.
It is understood that the complainant can submit electronic evidence such as the contract, rights protection process, service process details, etc. online through the online complaint portal, and the nodes on the chain such as the notary office, judicial appraisal center, CA/RA agency, and court will jointly witness it. , joint endorsement, providing one-stop service for prosecutors. The Internet Court of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province publicly pronounced its judgment on a dispute over infringement of the right to disseminate work information online, and for the first time confirmed the legal validity of electronic data stored using blockchain technology.
3. Intellectual property rights
Blockchain and related distributed ledger technologies provide the possibility for the protection and registration of intellectual property rights and as evidence during the registration stage or court litigation stage. These technologies can also speed up the protection and registration process of the above-mentioned intellectual property rights in a cost-effective manner.
4. Logistics field
In early 2018, Cainiao andTmall International jointly announced that it has used blockchain technology to track, upload, and verify the entire logistics link of cross-border imported goods.
After all nodes in the logistics chain are connected to the blockchain, goods can be traced from the manufacturer to the consumer, forming a complete chain; the more missing links a product has, the higher the probability that it will be exposed as a fake or shoddy product. big.
5. Electronic Invoice
On August 10, 2018, Shenzhen Guomao Revolving Restaurant issued the country’s first blockchain electronic invoice. It is understood that this blockchain electronic invoice issued by Shenzhen It is led by the Municipal Taxation Bureau and Tencent provides the underlying technology and capabilities.
Different from traditional electronic invoices and simple electronic invoices uploaded to the chain, this blockchain electronic invoice combines "fund flow and invoice flow" into one, combining invoice issuance with online payment, and opening up the invoice application process. The entire process of collection, invoicing, reimbursement and tax filing.
In addition to the above fields, the blue ocean application prospects of blockchain are broad. In the future, the application and development of new technologies will emerge in all walks of life, and blockchain will flourish.

⑸ Is there any relationship between the digital currency TBCC and China UnionPay?

As far as I know, there is no direct official cooperation or relationship between the digital currency TBCC and China UnionPay.

TBCC is a digital currency developed by Singapore's TBCASoft. It is based on TBCASoft's proprietary technology and platform and uses mobile payment, blockchain and encryption technologies to provide a A safe and fast cross-border payment solution. At present, TBCC has been issued in some countries and regions, such as Japan, South Korea, Philippines, etc.

China UnionPay is one of the major payment and clearing institutions in China, providing a variety of bank card products and payment services, and has a large user base and payment network. Although China UnionPay has been actively promoting the research and application of blockchain and digital currencies, there is currently no public news about Liang Shou’s cooperation with TBCC. Therefore, it can be considered that there is no direct official cooperation or relationship between TBCC and China UnionPay.

⑹ What are the practical applications of blockchain in China

1. WeBank uses blockchain technology for loan settlement
WeBank and Shanghai Huarui Bank invest Trial operation of an inter-bank joint loan clearing platform based on alliance blockchain technology to optimize the settlement and clearing of the "Weilidai" joint loan between the two banks. With the introduction of this blockchain system, all information is recorded on the blockchain network and cannot be tampered with. It is cleared simultaneously during the transaction process, achieving real-time clearing and saving a lot of manpower and material resources. This is the practical application of "consortium chain".

2. China UnionPay uses blockchain technology to realize inter-bank point redemption
China UnionPay and IBM are trialling a shared points system using blockchain technology. The use of this blockchain system allows users to exchange reward points across banks and platforms. That is to say, the user's points in one bank can be exchanged for reward points in other banks, and evenExchange multiple airline miles and supermarket rewards. The efficiency of using bank points has been greatly improved.
3. Toyota Motor uses blockchain technology to track auto parts
Toyota Motor joins the R3 Alliance and uses blockchain technology to store the production, processing and usage of each part in the blockchain. In this way, when there is a problem with a car part, the source of the part can be easily and quickly found.
4. Central Bank’s Blockchain Digital Bill Trading Platform
The blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the Central Bank was successfully tested. The introduction of digital currency for settlement can realize the simultaneous transfer of capital flow and information flow in digital bill transactions, thereby realizing DVP pay-versus-payment settlement. At the same time, the blockchain digital identity solution solves the problem of repeated KYC authentication for users between different financial institutions.
5. Ant Financial Blockchain Application
Ant Financial’s blockchain technology tested the waters of insurance and helped Xinmei Life Insurance Co., Ltd. launch the first charity rescue account in the domestic insurance industry. Blockchain technology allows Every fund flow is open and transparent, every fund flow data cannot be tampered with, and the whereabouts and use of every fund can be traced. Ant blockchain is used in food safety traceability and product authenticity traceability.

Author: Blockchain Development Company
Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/5ff8437bd58b
Source: Jianshu
Copyright belongs to the author . For commercial reprinting, please contact the author for authorization. For non-commercial reprinting, please indicate the source.

⑺ What is "blockchain"

Blockchain technology is a technology that jointly maintains reliable databases through decentralization and elimination of trust. Four keywords can be used to describe blockchain technology: trust reduction, decentralization, collective maintenance and reliable database.

When we talk about the concept of "blockchain", Bitcoin is definitely a topic that will not be ignored. In recent years, Bitcoin has begun to enter the public eye, especially in 2017, which has continued to skyrocket throughout the year, making many people aware of this emerging thing.

Blockchain is actually the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Bitcoin exists because people on the Internet who don’t know each other can move and trade digital currency through the Bitcoin network. And this is driven by blockchain technology. All Bitcoin transactions are recorded on the blockchain ledger. To a certain extent, in the application of Bitcoin, the blockchain plays the role of the underlying database of the bank transaction system. Both are for "keeping accounts". Although it is not very prudent to refer to the blockchain directly as a "database", for the sake of ease of understanding, let's temporarily call it a decentralized, shared and encrypted database. If described in professional terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger technology.

Blockchain can usually be divided into the following types:

1. Public blockchain. Anyone can access the publicBy opening the data on the blockchain, everyone can issue transactions waiting to be written to the blockchain. Participants in the consensus process (corresponding to miners in Bitcoin at the time) maintain the security of the database through cryptography and built-in economic incentives.

2. Collaborative blockchain. The nodes participating in the blockchain are pre-selected, and there are likely to be good network connections between the nodes. Other consensus algorithms other than proof-of-work can be used on such a blockchain. For example, a blockchain has been established among a hundred financial institutions, and it is stipulated that more than two-thirds of the institutions must agree to reach a consensus. The data on such a blockchain can be either public or shared internally by these node participants.

3. Private blockchain. The participating nodes are only individual users, and the access and use of data are subject to strict permission management. Most of the internally used blockchain technologies announced by some financial institutions recently are vague and may fall into this range.

The blockchain is a public ledger. There is no centralized hardware or management organization. Anyone can automatically verify the authenticity of the ledger and easily discover whether the ledger has been tampered with by others.

In a word, the blockchain is a public ledger that can be verified by everyone.

The concept of being verifiable by everyone is crucial to blockchain.

Bitcoin uses the blockchain to record all transactions, so anyone knows the number of Bitcoins on each account.

So, as a publicly verifiable ledger, what are some use cases for blockchain?

In fact, there are many use cases that can be thought of. Blockchain is suitable for any data that can be recorded on a public ledger. Here are 4 examples:

1. Decentralized domain name server, namely domain currency. The domain name server is actually a ledger that records domain names.

2. Trustless public key encryption, such as https that discards unreliable certification authorities.

3. Ownership records, truthfully record the items and their corresponding owners.

4. Contracts and performance guarantees, the account book truthfully records the parties to the contract and saves the contract text.

But don’t forget that blockchain also has a very important component.

The ledger recorded using blockchain technology will always be updated. New data such as transactions, domain name inputs, records and contracts will be converted into hash values ​​of the same length by the hash algorithm and saved. However, hashing algorithms are not only not free but also very expensive.

Therefore, the ledger itself needs to have a recognition system to recognize the person who enters the block hash value.

In Bitcoin, this system is called mining and is rooted in the Bitcoin protocol. Bitcoin miners use a hash algorithm to convert transactions awaiting verification into hash values ​​and chargeA certain amount of Bitcoin is used as service fee.

Therefore, for non-monetary use cases, blockchain needs to find a way to bear the high cost of hashing algorithms.

I would like to remind everyone that my answer mainly focuses on the possible use cases of blockchain technology, and does not cover all aspects of blockchain, such as why hashing algorithms are so expensive. I'm sure you can find a lot of detailed information about Bitcoin and other blockchain applications online.

Supplement

Although blockchain technology has many advantages, there are still some less than ideal use cases. For example, there is no way to convert Bitcoin into any national currency; a ledger with billions of data entries would take up space and be impractical.

Bitcoin has shown the world that blockchain technology is feasible in principle, and people are also trying to solve these increasingly prominent problems, such as technological transformation of Bitcoin or the introduction of a completely Different blockchain technologies. I think the following two methods are worth trying: one is to split the ledger according to certain standards such as the payer address, and the other is to introduce a main blockchain to verify the sub-blockchain. Blockchain technology is ever-changing and dazzling, and it’s unknown whether someone is already making such an attempt. But Bitcoin is still the world's first currency blockchain, what others call a cryptocurrency.

Whether in the technology circle or the financial circle, blockchain has become the hottest word, no one. Blockchain has core advantages such as decentralization and trustlessness, and can perfectly solve problems such as information asymmetry, high transaction costs, and trust of strangers in the development of the sharing economy, making "individual economy" possible. Based on this, blockchain technology is considered to be the core technology that has the greatest potential to trigger the fifth wave of disruptive revolution after steam engines, electricity, information and Internet technology.

In this context, a blockchain craze was born in society, and everyone praised it overwhelmingly. Dialectics tells us that everything has flaws, and only by seeing the pros and cons of things can we make rational decisions. Therefore, in this article, Xue Hongyan (Hong Yanweiyu), a senior researcher at Suning Financial Research Institute, focuses on pouring some cold water on the blockchain.

| What is Blockchain

Blockchain, English Blockchain, has a rather mysterious technological flavor in its name, and can be simply broken down into "data blocks" and "links". Each data block contains all the information exchange data of the system within a certain period of time, and is encrypted using cryptographic methods; the link means that each block has a link relationship with the next block, thus forming a blockchain.

It is generally believed that blockchain has two major characteristics: decentralization and trustlessness. A brief introduction is as follows:

Since each block containsAll information in the system exchanges data within a specific period of time, so each block is equal, and the damage of a single block does not affect the overall security of the system, so the blockchain has "decentralized characteristics".

Similarly, since each block contains all the information of the system, the authenticity of the information can be cross-verified. Only by breaking through more than 51% of the nodes can the information be tampered with. In a large enough blockchain system , the cost is extremely high, it can be considered that the information in the blockchain is true, so the blockchain has the characteristics of trustlessness.

Most people’s understanding of blockchain begins with Bitcoin. The relationship between the two is that blockchain is the underlying technology and concept, and Bitcoin is only the most popular application of blockchain at present. .

Maybe the above is not popular enough. Finally, let me summarize, what do you think the blockchain is? Is it a disruptive new technology? NO! According to Xue Hongyan (Hong Yanweiyu), a senior researcher at Suning Financial Research Institute, blockchain is not so much a new technology as it is a new ideological concept. The information encryption and other technologies included in the blockchain have been around for a long time, and it is more of a conceptual innovation. This is also the reason why the blockchain has a huge impact. New technologies will be surpassed sooner or later, ranging from one or two years to four to five years; only innovative ideas have enough energy to affect all aspects of the economy and society.

| Blockchain is expected to change the underlying rules of the financial system

In applications in the financial field, blockchain will change the transaction process and record keeping methods, thus significantly reducing transaction costs. It has significantly improved efficiency and is considered to have a broad market environment in digital currency, cross-border payment and clearing, bill trading, securities issuance and trading, property rights transactions, customer credit reporting, anti-fraud, and anti-money laundering.

Such a good technology is naturally sought after by everyone. Like many traditional financial people, Hong Yanweiyu resisted it at first, thinking that this thing was not that great, and did not do any research specifically. Later, as the research on financial technology gradually deepened, it was discovered that blockchain was an obstacle that could not be bypassed, because whether it was robo-advisory, big data risk control or online lending, they were only technological innovations at the financial business level and risk control level. It has not penetrated the bottom layer of the financial system. What is the underlying layer of the financial system? Naturally, it is payment and settlement, transaction rules and system interaction. What the blockchain changes is precisely the underlying rules.

Therefore, throughout the world, financial institutions are the most active in researching blockchain. If nothing else, they are really afraid. After the decentralization and trustless features of the blockchain are fully utilized, what else will the intermediaries of financial institutions do? It is estimated that this is also the first feeling of many people who have a preliminary understanding of blockchain.

In this article, Hong Yanweiyu focuses on pouring cold water on this view.

| Subverting the financial system, blockchain still faces two mountains

Marxist dialectics tells us that everythingThey all have two sides. The more prominent the advantages, the more obvious the flaws. It’s just a different angle. The two major problems with blockchain subverting the financial system lie precisely in the two major advantages of decentralization and trustlessness.

First, let’s talk about decentralization. First, we need to clarify a truth. Does centralization necessarily mean low efficiency? Of course not. Within a specific scope, the concentration of resources brought about by centralization can greatly improve efficiency. This is also the reason why human beings evolve from individuals to villages to tribes and then to countries in the process of evolution. Take UnionPay as an example. UnionPay is the clearing and settlement center for the domestic banking industry. After UnionPay is established, each bank only needs to connect with UnionPay to realize transactions with all banks. If it is decentralized, without UnionPay, each bank will need to When communicating with all counterparties, which one is more efficient? Therefore, there is no need to beat centralization to death with a stick. The decentralization feature of blockchain is destined to only play a role in specific fields (that is, fields that are not suitable for centralization). How can it subvert everything?

Furthermore, it is a matter of trust. There is nothing wrong with detrusting itself, but the technical logic behind it is deeply flawed. Blockchain relies on universal accounting to achieve trustlessness, that is, all transaction information is retained in each block for system cross-verification to identify authenticity. Here comes the problem. Each block retains all transaction information. There is no problem on a small blockchain. However, as more and more information is added, it will inevitably lead to an explosive growth of transaction information and will also bring information. Dramatic increase in storage costs. At the same time, the greater the amount of information, the longer cross-validation takes and the lower the efficiency. Therefore, the blockchain solves the trust problem, but it brings about rising costs and declining efficiency.

Nothing in the world is perfect, and the same is true for blockchain.

As a conclusion, Hongyanweiyu wants to clarify that blockchain, as a conceptual innovation, does have great value and can also have a disruptive impact in specific fields. However, the current one-sided thinking about blockchain is problematic. Eastern wisdom tells us that "the most brilliant and the golden mean", in the face of anything, it is wisest to maintain the golden mean.

(Text/Xue Hongyan, senior researcher at Suning Financial Research Institute; WeChat public account: Hongyan Weiyu)

As early as a few years ago, the word "mining" came with Bitcoin is well known for its popularity. Many people know about Bitcoin first and then the blockchain, and they even don’t know about the blockchain yet. By definition, blockchain is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity (anti-counterfeiting) and generation of its information. Next block.

I am not a computer technology expert. The following introduction to blockchain comes from reading and comments from expert friends and is for reference only.

If you want to use one word to explain blockchain, it is: distributed accounting.

To understandTo understand what this word means, you need to first understand that traditional accounting has a center. For example, in a bank, when you withdraw money from a bank deposit or lend money to others through the bank, the bank is the center, and all these transactions are based on the bank's credit. What if the bank cheats? Or is it more serious, is the country cheating? The Kuomintang's indiscriminate issuance of gold yuan coupons at the end of its rule in mainland China, as well as the hyperinflation in Weimar Germany and Zimbabwe, which made the currency less valuable than toilet paper, are very famous examples.

Golden Yuan Coupons

This is the problem that blockchain is aimed at. They believe that decentralized accounting is non-modifiable and non-repudiable. How to achieve decentralized accounting? The basic idea is that all users store all transaction records, and through mathematical methods, it becomes very difficult to illegally modify the ledger. In this way, the reliability of the ledger is guaranteed.

Specifically, all users exhaustively enumerate random number variables, and the first user to obtain a specific required hash function value (Hash) will have the right to record this round of transactions and obtain the corresponding Bitcoins award. It is transmitted in the form of data blocks, and the data blocks are connected into a chain by appending at the end, so it is called a block chain.

After listening to the introduction, you may feel that this idea is interesting, but it is not as exciting or revolutionary as advertised. Your feeling is right. In fact, the basic logic of blockchain has some unavoidable problems.

For example, the current size of the complete Bitcoin public ledger has exceeded 150 G, and is rapidly increasing at a rate of tens of G per year - just to support 5 million users and 30 million transactions per year. If its processing volume is one day comparable to that of Alipay, the size of the Bitcoin ledger will increase by more than 500 terabytes per year. This is equivalent to backing up the Alipay server's storage data on all users' personal computers. Do you think this is a good idea?

Another example is that in the traditional banking system, if you lose your password, it is no big deal. Just report it to the system in time, and your wealth will not disappear. But in the blockchain system, if you lose your password, it will be a huge trouble, and your currency will not be recovered. Not happy? Is it surprising?

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system

In layman’s terms, it is playing mahjong. Four people can take turns to be the banker, and each other can shoot four people. They all have their own ledger records, but if you want to modify the ledger, you must have more than 50% of the modification rights, so the cost of cheating on the ledger is very high.

Blockchain in the futureMore will be used in finance to combat money laundering and fraud, because all information can be traced, and in culture it can be used for copyright protection, etc.

I read a lot of people The explanations of blockchain are all official vernacular, and some may not even be clear to the person explaining it. I will explain blockchain in vernacular below to ensure that everyone can understand it.

What is blockchain? Let me give an analogy. In 50 years, you can buy an electric fan from the supermarket. This electric fan will automatically help you mine coins while using the electric fan. When you use the electric fan, you can automatically mine coins. When the fan breaks down, you can use the mined coins to repair the electric fan. Of course, you can also use the mined coins to buy a new electric fan. Many people think wrongly! Wouldn’t the profits of merchants be less? Let me tell you about a certain brand. When the products of this brand are sold to you, the products themselves may even be sold to you at a loss. However, once the number of users becomes large and the users become more sticky, they can be paid through membership fees or service fees. Such small fees or other ways to make profits. Just like this, mined coins can be purchased and repaired. In this way, although the merchant's profit may be reduced, the merchant has gained more users and greater user stickiness. By this time, it only takes a minute for the merchant to make money.

And the electric fan you bought is equivalent to winding it up for you. What is winding up? If you put your electric fan on the street now, and 10 people come to snatch it, you have no way to prove that the ownership of this electric fan is yours. Once you put it on the chain, it is equivalent to being tied to you. Once it’s settled, you can prove it.

Therefore, the essence of blockchain is to help make people’s lives more convenient. It is equivalent to upgrading on the basis of the Internet, making it safer and more convenient. This is blockchain! It's that simple.

The security of the blockchain is reflected in its irreversibility and the data cannot be tampered with. We all know that in today's society, any data can be modified and conquered by hackers, but the data in the blockchain cannot be changed. Once generated, it cannot be modified unless all users in the blockchain work together. Agree to modify the data, but this is unlikely to happen.

At present, the blockchain is still very immature, just like the Internet bubble burst in 2000. When the bubble bursts, a truly valuable blockchain Internet will be hatched. company.

The wheel of history will not go backwards. Many people are unwilling to accept blockchain. Just like telling you that you can shop online 20 years ago, this is the same ridiculous thing. Time will eventually prove it. .

1. The main function of blockchain is to store information. any information that needs to be saved,Both can be written to the blockchain and read from it, so it is a database.

2. Anyone can set up a server, join the blockchain network and become a node. In the world of blockchain, there is no central node. Every node is equal and stores the entire database. You can write/read data to any node, because all nodes will eventually be synchronized to ensure that the blockchain is consistent.

3. Everyone works on the same blockchain, everyone publicly shares the current state of the blockchain, everyone agrees on the rules for new data submission and tampering with the blockchain is prohibited. It is difficult to operate in terms of computing power.

If we assume that the database is a ledger, reading and writing the database is an accounting behavior:

Anyone can verify this public ledger, but there is no single The user can control it. Participants in the blockchain system will jointly maintain the update of the ledger: it can only be modified according to strict rules and consensus, and there is a very exquisite design behind this.

(1) Accounting, the system will find the person with the fastest and best accounting within a period of time, let this person do the accounting, and then broadcast the information on this page of the account book to everyone else on the entire network. node, which is equivalent to changing the database record; (consensus mechanism, cryptography)

(2) Verification, other valid nodes in the entire network check the correctness of the block accounting, and stamp the time Stamp to confirm that the block is legal; (timestamp, mathematics)

(3) Form a single chain, that is, compete for the next block after the previous legal block; (smart contract, encryption technology)

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(4) Storage, the account book is stored in blocks. As transactions increase, new data blocks will be appended to the existing chain to form a chain structure; (distributed structure, information technology) < /p>

(5) Backup, every participating trader is a node of the block network, and each node has a complete backup of the public account book, which is a distributed ledger.

Features

1. The blockchain has no administrator and is completely centerless. It is precisely because it cannot be managed that the blockchain cannot be controlled. Without an administrator, everyone can write data into it. In order to ensure the trustworthiness of the data: the technology of blockchain makes it impossible to tamper with the data once it is written.

2. Close to zero trust cost.

The cycle time required for Internet companies to build their credit is extremely long. For example, Taobao often takes several years to build its credit. In the blockchain, everyone trusts the code, algorithm and rules, so the cost of trust is extremely low.

3. The marginal cost of constructing and trading assets approaches zero.

If traditional assets are to be used for trading, they need to rely heavily on third parties, such as investment banks, banks, securities exchanges, etc., for packaging and endorsement.And the fees and thresholds are extremely high. With blockchain, these will not be a problem, and the cost is extremely low.

The value transfer attribute of the blockchain also naturally solves the payment problem, and has the genes to support global payments.

Blockchain, simply put, is the underlying technology that supports ICO (virtual currency). The popular Bitcoin is an application of ICO. In other words, the connotation of blockchain is richer, and its main features are:

1. Blockchain is equivalent to digital trust. Both parties to the transaction can independently enter into digital contracts, and companies providing blockchain services are equivalent to Digital trust company;

2. The purpose and characteristics of blockchain are "3 de-intermediaries" - de-intermediation, de-currency, de-sovereignty; yes

3. Bitcoin is An application of blockchain, Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, and all blockchains apply digital encryption technology;

4. The "3 Go" feature is targeted at the financial industry, and only when high frequency is required Blockchain is only needed in the financial field of transactions;

5. Large platforms with a user base are more suitable for applying blockchain, and small companies’ participation is of little value, so Zuckerberg’s 2018 New Year’s wish includes To study digital cryptocurrency. Kodak also launched a digital currency, sending its stock price soaring.

Furthermore, when it comes to Bitcoin, it can be cashed out and exchanged into the currencies of most countries. Users can use Bitcoin to purchase some virtual items, and they can also use Bitcoin to purchase real-life items. In this sense, Bitcoin is similar to the world's currency, close to gold.

Peter Thiel, co-founder of PayPal and an early investor in Facebook, believes that Bitcoin is "undervalued" by people and compares it to gold. He said: "If one day Bitcoin becomes the online equivalent of gold, then it will have room for appreciation."

But on January 3, the "People's Daily" published an article saying, "Whether it is from The increase can still be seen from the value of the currency itself. There is a bubble in the price of Bitcoin. This is an issue that needs no discussion." Data show that in the past 2017, Bitcoin has skyrocketed and plummeted: within a year, the price skyrocketed by about 20 times, and in one day It fell more than 40% within the period.

Indeed, Bitcoin has risks. However, blockchain with richer connotations obviously still has greater room for development.

Last night, screenshots of Xu Xiaoping, founder of ZhenFund, encouraging the embrace of the blockchain revolution in an internal group were posted online. In his view, the blockchain revolution has indeed arrived. “I strongly encourage everyone internally to embrace the blockchain revolution and learn blockchain technology. This is my understanding after long-term observation and thinking. I feel the responsibility to tell our entrepreneurs. I don’t want my understanding of blockchain views have been misunderstood as views on ICOs."

However, in the context of Internet companies and investment institutions collectively entering the market, the government will definitely take measures.

Recently, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has expressed concerns about this and shelved the proposal of two U.S. companies to launch a Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF).

In fact, this is only a matter of time. Because the "three-go" feature of blockchain is inherently contradictory to government centralization.

⑻ Will JD Finance join hands with UnionPay to promote risk information sharing

The rise of Internet finance has brought more convenient payment, financial management and other services, but At the same time, we are also facing more risks. In addition to traditional financial credit risks and operational risks, there are also new risks such as network security risks and terminal security risks.

Cases involving the use of modified POS machines, hacker attacks, "Trojan horse" viruses or "phishing websites" to steal bank card information in batches and withdraw cash through third-party payment platforms, shopping websites, gaming websites, etc. During the concentrated outbreak stage, the cases showed the outstanding characteristics of small amounts involved, scattered areas where the cases occurred, and rapid transfer of funds.

In the process of providing financial services for corporate and personal consumption, financial platforms often face prominent problems such as information asymmetry and untimely information, and face greater challenges in anti-fraud, data and other aspects.

In response to this, at the conference, China UnionPay and JD Finance jointly released the "Alliance Risk Information Sharing Mechanism Business Plan", and UnionPay and JD Finance jointly carried out risk information sharing. It is reported that the two parties will rely on distributed blockchain technology to technically build a more comprehensive, complete and secure information sharing mechanism, and set access rules for participating institutions. The number of shared member inquiries will be recorded in the blockchain ledger. Ensure the tamper-proof and traceability of information, thereby more effectively preventing data leakage.

Public information shows that the Internet Financial Payment Security Alliance was established in October 2013 by China UnionPay, the Economic Crime Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, the Cyber ​​Security Bureau, a number of national commercial banks and major non-financial payment institutions. As the first batch of member units.

Since 2017, all parties in the alliance have continued to strengthen risk control cooperation, assisting public security agencies in co-investigating 385,000 cases, and a total of 290 billion yuan in suspicious funds, through real-time interception of fraudulent transactions, interception of goods, and suspension of liquidation of funds, etc. Multiple measures have saved member institutions and cardholders a total of more than 87 million yuan in risk losses.