央行区块链政策,中央对区块链金融新规定

近期，中央银行发布了关于区块链金融的新规定，以更好地保护投资者权益，推动区块链金融的健康发展。以下是对此政策的三个关键词的介绍：

风险管理

中央银行的新政策对区块链金融投资的风险管理提出了明确的要求。首先，投资者必须掌握投资的基本信息，如投资产品的类型、投资期限、投资收益等，以便做出更明智的投资决定。其次，投资者应当了解投资产品的风险，并采取有效的风险管理措施，以防止投资损失。此外，投资者还应该关注投资产品的价格波动，并及时调整投资组合，以应对市场变化。

监管机构

中央银行的新政策要求建立一个专门的监管机构，负责监督和管理区块链金融市场的运行。该机构将对投资者的资金安全进行有效的监管，并对参与区块链金融市场的机构进行审查和备案。此外，该机构还将定期发布关于区块链金融市场的监管政策，以确保市场的健康发展。

投资者教育

中央银行的新政策还要求投资者进行有效的投资者教育，以便更好地了解区块链金融市场的运行。投资者教育将包括对投资者的基础知识、投资理念和投资技巧的培训，以及对投资者的风险管理能力和投资决策能力的提升。通过这些投资者教育，投资者将更加明智地进行投资，从而减少投资风险。

中央银行的新政策旨在保护投资者权益，推动区块链金融的健康发展。通过建立监管机构，实施风险管理和投资者教育，可以最大限度地减少投资风险，保护投资者的权益。

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Ⅰ Is it a good idea for the central bank to establish a "blockchain bank"?

Theoretically, this is a good idea, which can better regulate people's use of blockchain technology .
From the perspective of blockchain technology development, it can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the application of digital currencies such as encrypted currency, transfers, remittances and digital payment systems; the second stage is encrypted stocks and bonds , futures, loans, smart assets and smart contracts and other broader asset target applications; the third phase will be applied in government, health, science, culture and art, etc. At present, the application of blockchain technology is only in the process from the first phase to the second phase. Currently, blockchain banking services include: 1. P2P cross-border payment and remittance for point-to-point transactions, trade settlement, and securities, futures, and financial derivatives Contract sales, etc. 2. Registration. Blockchain has a reliable database to record various information, and the stored anti-money laundering customer identity information and transaction records are credible and traceable. 3. Confirm rights. Procedures such as the identification of rights in registration and transfer matters in the equity legal system can be realized through blockchain technology. 4. Intelligent management. Since the "smart contract" can automatically detect the validity and meet the program conditions, the contract will automatically process interest payments and dividends, avoiding the risk of credit default caused by human intervention. GSN Social Bank - the establishment of decentralized credit
Theoretically speaking, the credit establishment mechanism of blockchain is likely to be lower than the establishment cost of centralized credit in terms of global costs. This is in line with The trend of global market evolution!

The significance of GSN social banking is to establish a distributed, point-to-point, open and transparent trust system with technical guarantee. As a global distributed database, GSN stores data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains information about each network transaction and is used to verify the validity and authenticity of the information.

GSN delivers value through technical architecture, making every recorded transaction absolutely trustworthy and cannot be tampered with. From this point of view, the subversive significance of GSN lies in the establishment of a decentralized, open and transparent trust system guaranteed by technology. GSN no longer relies on a central node, but automatically realizes trust and delivers value through the technical architecture. This is the advantage of GSN.

II Is blockchain technology the way out for the central bank’s digital renminbi?

Digital renminbi is a legal currency endorsed by the state. It has been the focus of people’s attention since the concept was born.

At present, the digital renminbi has basically completed top-level design, standard formulation, functional research and development, joint debugging and testing. It is understood that the digital currency will first conduct internal closed pilot tests in Shenzhen, Suzhou, Xiongan New Area, Chengdu and future Winter Olympics scenes.

If everything goes wellIf so, in 2022, we will be able to unveil digital currency.

Recently, Yi Gang, Governor of the People's Bank of China, made it clear: There is no preset technical route for digital RMB research and development work, and it can compete fairly in the market to select the best. , either blockchain technology can be considered, or new technologies evolved on the basis of existing electronic payments can be adopted to fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the market.

In other words: Blockchain is a technical route considered in the research and development of digital renminbi, but it is by no means the only option.

Digital RMB and Bitcoin

Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin .

Like Bitcoin, digital renminbi realizes point-to-point payment through smart contracts. It has strict procedures for cross-verification and is not easy to be forged; < /p>

Although they are both virtual currencies, the difference is that digital currency is a legal currency used for circulation and has legal effect; Bitcoin is a virtual asset and has investment value. .

Digital RMB and Blockchain

Although blockchain is not the only option, blockchain technology has strong competitiveness.

The digital renminbi adopts a two-tier operation system, that is, the People's Bank of China does not directly issue and exchange central bank digital currency to the public, but first exchanges the digital renminbi to designated operating agencies, which are then redeemed to the public. Operating institutions need to pay 100% reserves to the People's Bank of China. This is the 1:1 exchange process.

On July 28, the Agricultural Bank of China issued an announcement saying: Agricultural Bank of China Financial Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Agricultural Bank of China Financial Technology") was established through a subsidiary. ) was officially incorporated in Beijing with a registered capital of RMB 600 million.

According to the announcement, the business direction of Agricultural Bank of China Jinke is mainly to use financial technology to carry out technological innovation , software research and development, product operations and technical consulting. In the recruitment announcement issued by Agricultural Bank of China Jinke, the author found that there is a position in software research and development: blockchain research and development engineer.

Main responsibilities: Research on application of blockchain technology, project construction and optimization work, promote banking business expansion and business optimization based on blockchain, and provide solutions.

From these actions, it can be seen that blockchain technology is one of the key technologies for banks to develop. No matter what the final digital renminbi will be, the area Blockchain technology will promote our continued progress and development.

Author of the article: Xiaolian Finance Dashi

Ⅲ Zhou Xiaochuan talks about blockchain technology and central bank digital currency again

On March 10, the Press Center of the Fifth Session of the Twelfth National People's Congress held a press conference. Governor Zhou Xiaochuan of the People's Bank of China, Vice Governor Yi Gang, Vice President and National Foreign Exchange Administration Bureau Director Pan Gongsheng and Vice President Fan Yifei were invited to answer questions from domestic and foreign reporters on issues related to "financial reform and development."

It is worth noting that at this press conference, Governor Zhou Xiaochuan also talked about digital currency and blockchain. He said:

“The central bank believes that the development of technology It may cause huge changes in the future payment business, and the central bank highly encourages the development of financial technology. Technologies such as digital currency and blockchain will have impacts that are not easy to predict. Problems that arise during the development process need to be regulated.

< p>Previously, Zhou Xiaochuan answered a series of questions about the digital currency to be issued by the central bank. According to Governor Zhou Xiaochuan’s description, the digital currency issued by the central bank should have the following characteristics:

First, provide convenience and security.

The second is to achieve a balance between protecting privacy, maintaining social order, and combating illegal and criminal activities. In particular, necessary containment measures must be retained for criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorism.

< p>The third is to facilitate the effective operation and transmission of monetary policy.

The fourth is to retain the control of monetary sovereignty. Digital currencies are freely convertible and controllable.

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It is also worth mentioning that during the two sessions a few days ago, deputies to the National People’s Congress frequently mentioned Bitcoin and its underlying technology.

PBoC Zhou Xuedong: Domestic Bitcoin trading platforms should be tolerant and No ban for the time being

On March 6, Zhou Xuedong, a deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Business Management Department of the People's Bank of China, proposed that domestic Bitcoin trading platforms should be tolerant and not be banned for the time being, leaving a period of observation, but In the short term, the regulatory red lines for Bitcoin trading platforms must be clarified and supervision must be strict.

“In the long term, it is necessary to study and explore long-term regulatory mechanisms. "Zhou Xuedong said that it is necessary to study the financial attributes and commodity attributes of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin, study the nature of Bitcoin trading platforms, explore and introduce pilot policies for the management of Bitcoin trading platforms at the national level, and carry out licensing or registration pilots for a small number of qualified trading platforms. At the same time, strengthen the regulatory cooperation mechanism, strengthen industry self-discipline, and build an integrity system for Bitcoin exchanges.

National People’s Congress Representative Wo Weidong: It is recommended to reasonably regulate Bitcoin and promote its healthy development

On the afternoon of March 7, Wo Weidong, chairman of Shanghai Huiyin (Group) Co., Ltd., suggested in his speech that Bitcoin should be placed under a legal framework to promote its healthy development. Wo Weidong said that after the central bank recently stepped up its supervision of Bitcoin trading platforms, it has achieved various results, clarifying the nature of Bitcoin, suppressing market bubbles, and at the same time, the risks to social funds have also been initially control.

However, Wo Weidong believes that while achieving the above results, related problems must also be observed. "Currently, the trading volume of Bitcoin in China has decreased significantly, and the trading volume of China's major trading platforms has dropped to less than 1% of the original level." Correspondingly, before this, more than 90% of the world's trading volume occurred on China. Precisely because China previously occupied the high ground of transaction volume, "there is no doubt that it has the global pricing power of Bitcoin and has sufficient voice and influence on Bitcoin and even the blockchain industry."

Wo Weidong said that world powers are actively exploring new things like Bitcoin and blockchain, so they cannot be simply denied and abandoned. He suggested that Bitcoin be included in Internet financial supervision and formulate appropriate regulatory strategies. "Appropriate regulatory strategies can truly stimulate, promote and lead innovation while controlling risks."

Bitcoin has a negligible market value compared to gold and stocks, but the underlying application technology of Bitcoin is Blockchain has attracted a lot of attention. Since blockchain technology has been officially recognized, various markets around the world are studying the feasibility of blockchain technology and digital currency. The Central Bank of China is also openly recruiting relevant talents and practicing digital currency. Against this background, I believe that all countries will hold the Treat the Bitcoin industry with a more tolerant attitude.

IV What are the prospects of blockchain finance

1. In fact, the combination of blockchain technology and finance is not accidental. Simply put, blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, full traceability, and traceability. Finance is cooperation based on trust, and these characteristics of blockchain lay the foundation for creating trust. Blockchain technology is of great significance in solving problems in the financial field such as high credit risk, low capital utilization efficiency, and high payment processing costs.
2. In reality, Bitcoin is not equal to blockchain. Digital currency is just one of the applications of blockchain technology in the financial field. In the fields of supply chain finance, payment and clearing, trade finance, financial transactions and other fields, "blockchain +" has rich application scenarios and imagination space.
3. Industry insiders pointed out that although the application prospects of blockchain technology are broad, At present, there are only a few projects that have actually been implemented and produced social benefits. Blockchain technology is in the early stage of development and still needs to be viewed rationally. In the next step, blockchain technology should be used to explore digital economic model innovation and add impetus to the optimization of the business environment. , to provide support for promoting high-quality economic development.

IV 5 ministries and commissions + 16 departments have intensified their continuous policy efforts, and blockchain is in the spotlight again today

Five departments including the Ministry of Finance jointly issued a document to deploy the pilot work of bank confirmation;

16 departments including the Cyberspace Administration of China jointly issued a document to promote blockchain technology;

Today’s news is huge. It is a major benefit for the blockchain sector, especially the financial technology subdivision sector. As the digital economy is the biggest theme trend in 2022, blockchain blessing the financial technology field is a key area. As the largest area for financial technology innovation and application of blockchain - digital The currency is now in the pilot stage of nationwide and cross-border promotion, and is in a leading position in the world.

As for the digital currency sector, after years of research by the central bank, it has now formed a multi-scenario comprehensive application in Beijing, Suzhou, Shenzhen, Changsha and other places. Related technologies and customer experience have achieved good results. Many A-share listed companies are involved in software, hardware and other fields. Among them, Cuiwei shares, as the leader of digital currencies, have experienced two consecutive surges. After a short-term horizontal row, they hit the daily limit on the last trading day of this Friday, and their leading position is very stable.

Other varieties in the digital currency sector, such as Qitian Technology, Xinkaipu, Chutianlong and many other varieties, although they started earlier, their growth rate and sustainability were relatively poor, and they were temporarily strong. After that, the correction was obvious, and the market has never seen a real Dragon 2 or Dragon 3. As a result, the entire digital currency sector has had a very severe correction, and its sustainability needs to be tested. At present, the correction of the entire sector index is basically in place, and some stocks have the opportunity to launch the next round of market prices.

From the perspective of national policy direction, digital currencies can be expected to make up for their growth in the future. The recognition of Cuiwei shares as the leader is further confirmed. The supplementary dragon currently sees Hengbao shares as more temperamental. Compared with Cuiwei shares, Hengbao shares have been repeatedly emphasized that the concept of Hengbao shares is richer. In addition to the authenticity of digital currency, financial blockchain, government digitization, The Internet of Things and so on are the hot topics and focus of the current digital economy. Judging from the current market value and stock price, it is at the initial explosive point. It is a high-quality company with a low price and a small market capitalization. It strengthens the long-term sideways trading of the stock and the main funds are deeply involved. Personal opinion The growth trend will be more fierce than Cuiwei's, and the future expectations are stronger. It once again reiterates that it is expected to cross the breed and become a bull-tiger stock.

The above information is personal opinion and is for reference only.

VI How to view the central bank’s issuance of blockchain-based legal digital currency

The trial operation platform is owned by the central bank, and this platform is not currently open, it is only a successful test. These electronic currencies used for testing by the central bank may be legally legal currency, but they have not yet left the central bank's door. Therefore, the word "release" in the news headline is very loose, and it is the material that all kinds of ghosts and ghosts are most looking forward to. One of the impacts is that various people have begun to endorse the so-called central bank and create a new wave of attention-grabbing ‘news’. The impact on Bitcoin is that countless analyzes and speculations advocating for ups and downs are coming in again.

China Securities News: Is blockchain technology suitable for digital currency?

Li Wei: In recent years, the districtBlockchain technology has gradually received close attention from the financial industry at home and abroad. Central banks, commercial banks, and Internet companies in some countries are actively exploring blockchain technology and its application in the financial field. Digital currency involves distributed architecture, cryptography technology, security chips, mobile payments, trusted computing and other technologies. Blockchain technology is only one of the optional implementation technologies for digital currency. Whether it will be used in digital currency in the future depends on whether the shortcomings of blockchain technology in network security, business processing performance, transaction consistency, etc. can be solved. It also depends on the unremitting efforts of all parties in industry, academia, and research in terms of its technical system, application framework, etc. Explore and perfect. To this end, the People's Bank of China chose to build a blockchain technology application prototype system in the bill business scenario in 2016, actively organizing all parties to study its technological maturity and business adaptability, and verify its feasibility of large-scale application in the financial industry. The meaning of this expression in the interview is: there are still unresolved shortcomings in the current application of blockchain technology. With our party’s governance style in recent years, we will not [issue] something with such shortcomings that need to be resolved.

Summary: On February 5, 2017, the day the question was answered, the Central Bank of China was not the first central bank in the world to issue and apply digital currency.

Ⅶ Blockchain companies cooperate with central banks of many countries to develop CBDC, making it possible for central bank digital currencies to adopt blockchain

As we all know, the legal digital renminbi is based on The UTXO model's centralized ledger is maintained and managed by the People's Bank of China, which is incompatible with blockchain technology that uses decentralized distributed ledgers as one of its core mechanisms. The use of blockchain technology advantages by blockchain technology companies to participate in the central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a new breakthrough and new application of blockchain technology.

ConsenSys participates in CBDC research and development

It is reported that ConsenSys has published "Blockchain Solution for Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)" on its official website. The article stated that digital currency can provide Cheaper cross-border remittances, improved inter-bank payment settlement and accelerated retail market innovation, etc. If central banks do not issue their own digital currencies, it will lead to markets relying on "private payment tokens", potentially creating a risk of failure and financial problems for private entities, as private tokens may not be available to everyone, Central bank digital currencies will bring risk-free, widely used alternatives.

Charles d'Haussy said that in 2016, ConsenSys began to work on CBDC through cooperation with the Singapore Monetary Authority and the South African Reserve Bank, and also gradually developed cross-border payment technology business. "Building on this, we are exploring a larger concept - 'programmable money', which any CBDC with a token architecture can support. CBDC is a perfect iteration of electronic cash that can improve the utilization of central bank funds. Rate, ensuring a more efficient value chain. ”

In addition, ConsenSys recently released a compliance service to help exchanges and decentralized finance (DeFi) projects identify token trading activities issued by Ethereum that may be related to criminal activity. Lex Sokolin, co-head of global financial technology at ConsenSys, said, “More and more people are building decentralized applications, which is part of the puzzle. What we are trying to do is make activity on decentralized financial infrastructure more secure, transparent and easier to track. ”

Against the background of strong blockchain technology, ConsenSys participates in the research and development of central bank digital currencies in Australia, France, Thailand and other countries, which may make it possible to integrate blockchain technology with CBDC.

< p> The feasibility of using blockchain technology for CBDC

Regarding the question of whether blockchain featuring decentralized distributed ledgers can be combined with centralized central bank digital currency, China Securities Regulatory Commission Technology Yao Qian, director of the Supervision Bureau, pointed out that whether CBDC adopts blockchain technology is still controversial. A typical view is that the decentralization of blockchain conflicts with the centralized management of the central bank, and it is not recommended that CBDC adopt this technology.

However, blockchain technology is developing at an unprecedented speed and is deeply integrated with various mainstream technologies. Therefore, whether from a technical perspective or a business perspective, blockchain in real applications is incompatible with "fundamentalism" The understanding is different. How to use blockchain technology to better serve distributed operations under centralized management may be the direction that CBDC currently needs to focus on exploring.

Yao Qian believes that although the The technical characteristic of blockchain is that it does not rely on central institutions, but this does not mean that it cannot be incorporated into the system of existing central institutions. As long as it is properly designed, the central bank can use blockchain to effectively integrate distributed operations and better There is no inevitable conflict between the two to achieve centralized management and control of CBDC. As an emerging technology that may become the future financial infrastructure, blockchain can help achieve distribution for the dual model of central banks and commercial banks. operation without affecting centralized management. Bottom-up "exchange" can formulate a new CBDC implementation plan, which simultaneously achieves the goal of "centralized management and control, distributed operation".

< p> The digital currency research project announced by the Australian Reserve Bank is exploring the potential use and impact of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) using distributed ledger technology (DLT).

Under this project, Australia will Develop a proof of concept to issue a CBDC in the form of a token that market participants will be able to use for financing, settlement and repayment of tokenized syndicated loans on an Ethereum-based DLT platform. The project is expected to be completed around the end of 2020, Various participants in the project plan to launch in 2021Publish biannual thematic reports on the project and its key findings.

Ⅷ Digital RMB salary payment! See how blockchain technology can "protect" your wallet

On September 10, Di Gang, deputy director of the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, spoke at the parallel forum "Area" of the 2021 China (Beijing) Digital Finance Forum "Blockchain Empowers the High-Quality Development of the Digital Economy" stated that the Central Bank's Digital Currency Research Institute is actively exploring the application of digital RMB blockchain. Previously, Xiongan New Area applied the fund payment blockchain system to realize the salary payment of builders. This system not only saves salary transaction costs, but also makes transaction data open and transparent, ensuring the authenticity and security of transactions.

The principle of applying blockchain to digital renminbi

The capital payment blockchain system uses blockchain as the underlying system, uses digital renminbi to realize the value transfer of wages, and has blockchain Distributed storage, anonymous encryption, peer-to-peer transactions, instant settlement and other features.

1. Distributed ledger

A distributed ledger is a database distributed across multiple nodes. Each node stores the same copy of the ledger and shares ledger information. After the digital renminbi is added to the blockchain, it can not only confirm and register the digital currency, improve the security of data and systems, but also record ledger transaction information on different servers, creating a distributed and publicly viewable database for banks. network to ensure that transaction data is accurate and transparent.

2. Peer-to-peer transactions

The decentralized nature of the blockchain means that it is not controlled by the server. Each node is equal and jointly maintains the entire network of nodes. data information. In addition, each node follows the rules of the cryptographic algorithm and does not require endorsement by a third party or trust agency. Under this feature, digital RMB can be directly traded point-to-point, realizing the simultaneous transfer of transaction information and value.

3. Smart Contract

Simply put, a smart contract is a digital agreement that uses algorithms to write contract terms and deploys them on the blockchain to automatically execute according to rules. When distributing digital RMB wages, the construction general contractor initiates payment settlement on the blockchain system and uploads the builder's wallet ID and salary amount to the chain. The system will ensure it in the form of smart contracts under open and transparent conditions. Transaction security; during the transaction, the transaction note will be broadcast throughout the network to ensure that the transaction information is difficult to tamper with; after the transaction, the smart contract will be executed and the digital renminbi will be automatically transferred from the construction party's wallet to the builder's wallet. In this process, the two parties directly transferred the value of digital renminbi, saving the cost of intermediate links and achieving point-to-point instant settlement.

Advantages of blockchain + digital renminbi

Compared with traditional electronic payments such as WeChat and Alipay, digital renminbi does not rely on banks. Users can obtain storage, payment, and Inquiry and other services. When transferring money, digital renminbi supports offline payment. Users only need to scan the code and remitThrough interactive forms such as payment and touch, funds can be transferred, avoiding delayed arrival due to network obstacles, and achieving "transaction and settlement". In addition, digital RMB wallets have lower requirements for users, and users do not need real-name authentication, which reduces the risk of information leakage from banks, third parties and other institutions. With the support of blockchain technology, the advantages of digital renminbi are gradually highlighted.

In addition to payroll, the application scenarios of blockchain have also expanded to cross-border payments, domestic letters of credit and other financial fields. In short, blockchain technology has built a trustworthy ecological environment for us, improved the transparency and authenticity of assets, and ensured the security of information data.

Expert: Zhou Kunpeng, Professor of School of Journalism and Communication, Zhengzhou University

Ⅸ Di Gang: The central bank is actively exploring the application of digital RMB blockchain

September 10, The 2021 China (Beijing) Digital Finance Forum was held in Lize Financial Business District, Fengtai District, Beijing. Di Gang, deputy director of the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, delivered a keynote speech at the parallel forum "Blockchain Empowers High-Quality Development of the Digital Economy". He said that the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China is actively exploring the application of digital RMB blockchain. At the issuance layer, a unified distributed ledger is built based on the blockchain, which improves the efficiency of reconciliation; at the same time, the blockchain has certain advantages in solving trust issues, and technical decentralization does not mean management decentralization.

Di Gang believes that the application of blockchain in the financial field mainly includes two aspects: endogenous improvement and external empowerment: in terms of endogenous improvement, there are supply chain finance, agricultural finance, trade finance and general public finance. Beneficial finance and other applications; in terms of external empowerment, financial institutions have also provided better blockchain application services in areas such as smart cities, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and people's livelihood.

According to reports, the Digital Currency Research Institute has actively strengthened the construction of the blockchain standard system and has led multiple domestic and foreign standardization organization working groups and standardization projects to promote the formulation of blockchain standards.

Regarding the application of blockchain technology, Di Gang proposed four major principles: talk less about subversion, talk more about scenario applications, use technology to solve industry pain points; be rational and pragmatic, and integrate various mature and advanced technologies to achieve results Optimal, this is also the starting point for adopting a mixed technology architecture for digital RMB research and development; technology is neutral; neither overestimate nor underestimate blockchain, solving problems is the starting point for applying blockchain technology.

In order to empower the high-quality development of digital finance, Di Gang believes that the current blockchain can achieve breakthroughs in eight aspects, including increasing basic theoretical research, mastering core technologies, and formulating core technical standards.